SEWER DESIGN

w/ Manning's Equation
Design Parameters
# of Services 200 Resulting Peak Flow 0.371 cfs
Average Flow 100 gpcd 167 gpm
Avg. Occupancy 3
Peaking Factor 4 Manning's n 0.013
Infiltration/Inflow 0

Capacity of Sewer (full) Full Velocity Ratio of Flow Rates

Slope 6 in 8 in 6 in 8 in 6 in 8 in 6 in 8 in
(ft/100 ft) (cfs) (cfs) (gpm) (gpm) (fps) (fps)
0.1 0.18 0.38 80 172 0.91 1.10 0.48 1.03
0.2 0.25 0.54 113 243 1.28 1.55 0.68 1.46
0.3 0.31 0.66 138 298 1.57 1.90 0.83 1.79
0.4 0.36 0.77 160 344 1.81 2.20 0.96 2.07
0.5 0.40 0.86 179 385 2.03 2.46 1.07 2.31
0.6 0.44 0.94 196 422 2.22 2.69 1.18 2.53
0.8 0.50 1.09 226 487 2.57 3.11 1.36 2.92
1.0 0.56 1.21 253 544 2.87 3.48 1.52 3.27

Sewer Full Capacity

600 4.00

3.50
500
8-inch

Velocity (ft/s)
3.00
Flow (gpm)

400
2.50

300 2.00

6-inch
1.50
200

1.00

100
0.50

0 0.00
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 1
Slope (ft/100 ft)

6 in 8 in 6 in
 Slope (ft/100 ft)

6 in 8 in 6 in
SEWER DESIGN FULL CAPACITY SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS

F u ll F lo w C a p a c it y ( c f s )
Slope Diameter Manning's Full Capacity Full Vel.
(ft/100 ft) (inches) n (cfs) (gpm) (ft/s)
0.2 8 0.013 0.54 243.5 1.55
0.4 8 0.013 0.77 344.3 2.20
0.6 8 0.013 0.94 421.7 2.69 Pipe Roughness Varies
4.00
0.8 8 0.013 1.09 487.0 3.11
1 8 0.013 1.21 544.4 3.48 3.00

2.00

1.00

0.00

F u ll F lo w C a p a c ity (c fs )
0.2 0.4 0.6
Manning's n (ft/100 ft) 0.8 1

Slope Diameter Manning's Full Capacity Full Vel.

(ft/100 ft) (inches) n (cfs) (gpm) (ft/s)
0.4 6 0.013 0.36 159.9 1.81
0.4 8 0.013 0.77 344.3 2.20
Pipe Diameter Varies
0.4 10 0.013 1.39 624.2 2.55 4.00
0.4 12 0.013 2.26 1015.0 2.88
0.4 14 0.013 3.41 1530.8 3.19 3.00

2.00

1.00

0.00
6 8 Diameter 10 12 14
F u ll F lo w C a p a c ity (c fs )
(inches)

Slope Diameter Manning's Full Capacity Full Vel.

(ft/100 ft) (inches) n (cfs) (gpm) (ft/s)
0.4 8 0.01 1.00 447.6 2.86
0.4 8 0.012 0.83 373.0 2.38
Manning's n Varies
0.4 8 0.013 0.77 344.3 2.20 4.00
0.4 8 0.014 0.71 319.7 2.04
0.4 8 0.015 0.66 298.4 1.90 3.00

2.00

1.00

0.00
0.01 0.012 Manning's
0.013 n 0.014 0.015
SEWER DESIGN
Manning's Equation: Q = 1.49/n * A * rH * S
2/3 1/2

I. Full Flow Scenario: Pipe is flowing full under gravity, but is not pressurized.

Manning's n 0.013

Capacity of Sewer (full) Full Velocity

Slope 6 in 8 in 6 in 8 in 6 in 8 in
(ft/100 ft) (cfs) (cfs) (gpm) (gpm) (fps) (fps)
0.1 0.18 0.38 80 172 0.91 1.10
0.2 0.25 0.54 113 243 1.28 1.55
0.3 0.31 0.66 138 298 1.57 1.90
0.4 0.36 0.77 160 344 1.81 2.20
0.5 0.40 0.86 179 385 2.03 2.46
0.6 0.44 0.94 196 422 2.22 2.69

II. Scenario: One-Hundred (100) dwelling units served by sewer line.

Design Parameters
# of Services 100 Resulting Peak Flow 0.093 cfs
Average Flow 50 gpcd 42 gpm
Avg. Occupancy 3
Peaking Factor 4
Infiltration/Inflow 0

Q/Q full ratio V/V full ratio Actual Velocity

Slope 6 in 8 in 6 in 8 in 6 in 8 in
(ft/100 ft) (fps) (fps)
0.1 0.52 0.24 0.86 0.69 0.78 0.76
0.2 0.37 0.17 0.77 0.64 0.99 0.99
0.3 0.30 0.14 0.73 0.59 1.15 1.13
0.4 0.26 0.12 0.71 0.57 1.29 1.26
0.5 0.23 0.11 0.69 0.54 1.39 1.32
0.6 0.21 0.10 0.67 0.52 1.49 1.39

III. Scenario: Twenty-five (25) dwelling units served by sewer line.

Design Parameters
# of Services 25 Resulting Peak Flow 0.023 cfs
Average Flow 50 gpcd 10 gpm
Avg. Occupancy 3
Peaking Factor 4
Infiltration/Inflow 0

Q/Q full ratio V/V full ratio Actual Velocity

Slope 6 in 8 in 6 in 8 in 6 in 8 in
(ft/100 ft) (fps) (fps)
0.1 0.13 0.06 0.59 0.45 0.54 0.49
0.2 0.09 0.04 0.52 0.38 0.66 0.59
0.3 0.08 0.03 0.48 0.34 0.75 0.65
0.4 0.07 0.03 0.45 0.34 0.81 0.76
0.5 0.06 0.03 0.41 0.31 0.84 0.76
0.6 0.05 0.02 0.41 0.31 0.92 0.83
 Sewer Full Velocity
3.00
Velocity (feet/second)

8-inch Velocity

6-inch Velocity
2.50

Minimize Settling Velocity (>2 fps)

2.00

1.50

1.00

0.50

0.00
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6
Slope (ft/100 ft)
 Actual Velocities in 6-inch & 8-inch Diameter Pipes
Velocity (feet/second)
(100 dwelling units; 42 gpm flow rate)
3.00
6-inch Pipe
8-inch Pipe
2.50

Minimize Settling Velocity (>2

2.00 fps)

1.50

1.00

0.50

0.00
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6
Slope (ft/100 ft)
Velocity (feet/second)
Actual Velocities in 6-inch & 8-inch Diameter Pipes
(25 dwelling units; 10 gpm flow rate)
3.00
6-inch Pipe
8-inch Pipe
2.50

Minimize Settling Velocity (>2

2.00 fps)

1.50

1.00

0.50

0.00
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6
Slope (ft/100 ft)
Flat Grade Sewer Design Experience in Nebraska
GILMORE & ASSOCIATES, INC.
Columbus, Nebraska

6-inch Sewer Main

10-State Standard Minimum Slope of 0.6%
Material 0.3% < S < 0.6% S = 0.3% or less
PVC 2,135 2,147
VCP 50,120 20,145

14 Miles of 6-inch Sewer Main

70 Percent with a slope less than the 10-State Std, but greater than 1/2 of the 10-State Std
30 Percent with s slope less than 1/2 of the 10-State Standard

8-inch Sewer Main

10-State Standard Minimum Slope of 0.4%
Material 0.2% < S < 0.4% S = 0.2% or less
PVC 30,220 57,731
VCP 98,055 176,985

69 Miles of 8-inch Sewer Main

35 Percent with a slope less than the 10-State Std, but greater than 1/2 of the 10-State Std
65 Percent with s slope less than 1/2 of the 10-State Standard

10-inch or Greater Sewer Main

10-State Standard Minimum Slope of 0.28%
Material 0.2% < S < 0.27% S = 0.2% or less
PVC 2,594 3,298
VCP 8,533

7 Miles of 10-inch Diameter or Greater Sewer Main

34 Percent with a slope less than the 10-State Std, but greater than 1/2 of the 10-State Std
66 Percent with s slope less than 1/2 of the 10-State Standard

12-inch or Greater Sewer Main

10-State Standard Minimum Slope of 0.22% or less
Material 0.1% < S < 0.22% S = 0.1% or less
PVC 6,769 9,881
VCP 2,831 2,378

% Between min. % equals min.

slope and slope or less than
Total miles 1/2 min. slope 1/2 min. slope
6-inch 14 70% 30%
8-inch 69 35% 65%
= or > 10-inch 7 34% 66%
Total Err:522 41% 59%

PVC - PolyVinyl Chloride Pipe

VCP - Vitrified Clay Pipe