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8. Plant Electrical Systems

8.1. SUMMARY

The repowering project for the Wading River Station includes electrical
generation systems, medium voltage electrical auxiliary systems, low voltage
auxiliary electrical systems, DC & UPS electrical systems and the high voltage
interconnection with the Wading River substation. The plant electrical
systems for each repowering option are described in detail in the paragraphs
that follow. The interconnection of the plant to the 138 kV system is based on
direction from Keyspan received during meetings concurrent with Lockwood
Greene’s visit to the plant to inspect the existing systems.

8.2. INTERCONNECTION SYSTEMS

8.2.1. Steam Turbine Generator

The Steam Turbine Generator Step-Up transformer will be connected together

at 138 kV through a 138 kV circuit breakers at the plant switchyard (See One
Line Diagrams E-2203 in Appendix E). A 138 kV overhead power line will
connect the output of the steam turbine to the Wading River 138 kV
substation. LIPA will decide how to modify the existing substation to
accommodate this connection. It was agreed with Keyspan that for the
purposes of this study that Lockwood Greene would include a 138 kV circuit
breaker and associated disconnect switches in our design and that LIPA
would furnish all other facilities required to complete the interconnection.

8.2.2. Gas Turbine Generators

The existing Gas Turbine Generator Step-Up transformers will be relocated to

provide space for the new HRSG’s and BOP auxiliary equipment for the
combined cycle build out. The GT GSU’s will be moved to the switchyard and
located adjacent to the dead end structure that currently connects the GSU
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outputs to the switchyard. The dead end structures at the GT GSU’s and the
overhead 138 kV and 13.8 kV lines will be removed. An underground cable
duct bank will replace the 13.8 kV overhead bus, thus eliminating personnel
exposure to live exposed parts in the area that will contain the HRSG’s and
other auxiliary equipment. The 13.8 kV output bushings on the top of the GT
Generator Auxiliary Compartment will be enclosed by a top hat in order to
remove exposed live parts and to facilitate the cable connection to the GSU’s.
These construction activities could be performed during outages prior to the
combined cycle build out construction.

8.3. GENERATION SYSTEMS

8.3.1. Gas Turbines

Each gas turbine generator is connected to a 13.8 kV medium voltage (MV)

circuit breaker through self cooled bus duct. (See One Line Diagrams E-2300
in Appendix E) Overhead bus connects the generator breaker to a main step
up transformer. Each step up transformer is then connected to the power
system through a high voltage (HV) circuit breaker located in the plant 138 kV
switchyard. The gas turbine generator retrofits that are described in Section 10
will increase gas turbine output. The increased gas turbine outputs from the
thermal performance data in Section 6 were compared to the capability of the
existing gas turbine generator and the GTG GSU. This information is shown
in Table 8-1. The turbine output is limited by generator capability when
operating at 0.85 power factor (PF) with an ambient of 92 F and when
operating at 0.80 power factor over the entire range of 25 F to 92 F. The
turbine output is limited by generator step up transformer capability when
operating at 0.85 power factor (PF) with an ambient of 92 F and when
operating at 0.80 power factor with an ambient from 59 F to 92 F. The
generator is more limiting than the GSU under all conditions. The amount of
the limitation is less than 5% in most every case with only the 92 F points
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approaching 10%. These limits are not deemed significant because it is rare for
these generating units to be operating continuously at power factors well
below 0.9 power factor. It is our opinion that these limits do not justify the
added expense of rewinding (or replacing) the generators and replacing the
existing generator step up transformers. Studies performed on other similar
vintage combined cycle gas turbine plants have shown that with
approximately 5-10% continuous overload of the gas turbine generator the
stator temperatures were still well below their rating. Operation at these
limits would require careful monitoring of generator and transformer
temperatures to review machine performance.

8.3.2. Steam Turbine

The steam turbine generator is connected to an 18 kV medium voltage (MV)

circuit breaker through self cooled isolated phase bus. Isolated phase bus
connects the generator breaker to a main step up transformer. (See One Line
Diagram E-2300 in Appendix E) The step up transformer is then connected to
the Wading River substation through a 138 kV circuit breaker located in the
Wading River switchyard. During startup, power for the plant’s auxiliaries is
provided from the unit auxiliary medium voltage (MV) transformers. After
the generator reaches proper voltage and frequency, it is synchronized to the
system by closing its respective 18 kV generator circuit breaker.
Synchronization is supervised by the steam turbine’s Mark VI control system.
The generator step up transformer will be sized for the maximum output of
the turbine generator.

8.4. MEDIUM VOLTAGE AUXILIARY SYSTEM

8.4.1. Site Repowering

Auxiliary power for the steam turbine plant and some BOP loads are
obtained from two (2) redundant auxiliary MV transformers which are fed by

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isolated phase bus connection from the steam turbine’s 18 kV bus on the main
step up transformer’s side of the generator breaker. (See One Line Diagram
E-2300 in Appendix E) These transformers feed corresponding station service
medium voltage (MV) buses and are sized each to carry the plant’s auxiliary
load.
The new 4.16 kV switchgear consists of an “A” and a “B” bus with a tie
breaker connecting them. Auxiliary loads are divided between the “A” and
“B” buses to provide redundancy. Each main breaker is normally closed and
the tie breaker is normally open. A manual transfer scheme is utilized that
allows momentary paralleling of the auxiliary transformers in order to
provide switching between sources without an outage. A fast bus transfer
scheme is also utilized to switch sources in the event of the loss of one source.
The “A” and “B” 4160 volt buses also provide circuit breakers that feed the
480 volt system transformers. Medium voltage contactors are used to power
the 4160 volt system motors.

8.5. LOW VOLTAGE AUXILIARY SYSTEM

8.5.1. Site Repowering

The low voltage power for the steam turbines and most of the balance of plant
equipment is obtained from the new plant’s medium voltage system. (See One
Line Diagrams E-2300 in Appendix E) Separate unit aux LV transformers each
feed double-ended lineups of low voltage (LV) switchgear and each is sized to
carry the entire load of the lineup. The switchgear utilizes low voltage power
circuit breakers. The station service LV switchgear supplies power to motors
rated from 100 to 150 kW (125 hp to 200 hp) and also contains the incoming
feeders to the new motor control centers.
The Motor Control Centers (MCCs) contain full voltage combination starters
for the 3-phase, 460 V motors. Each MCC also contains molded-case breakers
for the non-motor loads not requiring remote control functions. Local

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panelboards provide circuits for lighting, receptacles, and other small loads
such as motor-operated valves and fractional horsepower motors.

8.6. DC AND UPS AUXILIARY SYSTEM

8.6.1. Site Repowering

There are three separate direct current (dc) systems included in the new
power plant. A dedicated 125 V dc system powers the block auxiliary dc
loads, applicable electrical relay protection and the uninterruptible AC Power
system. A ground detection scheme will provide ground detection on either
polarity of the 125 Vdc battery system for annunciation. Each DC system
shall include two redundant battery chargers operating in master-slave
configuration.
The uninterruptible power supply provides standby 120 V ac control power
from the block dc batteries to the plant control system, the Mark VI local <I>s
and the plant fire detection system. Each block system consists of a normal ac
supply stabilizer, a static inverter, a static transfer switch and a manual
bypass switch. Loss of the inverter ac output results in an automatic transfer
to the standby ac supply.

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TABLE 8-1 GAS TURBINE OUTPUT & GENERATOR/GSU CAPABILITY

Ambient Temperature in degrees F 25 F 59 F 92 F

Turbine Output MW 91.5 MW 83.6 MW 77.1 MW
Generator Output MW @ 0.9 PF 96.7 MW 89 MW 77.7 MW
Generator Output MW @ 0.85 PF 94.2 MW 85 MW 73.7 MW
Generator Output MW @ 0.80 PF 88.6 MW 80 MW 69.8 MW
GSU Output MW @ 0.9 PF 101.5 MW 90 MW 78.2 MW
GSU Output MW @ 0.85 PF 96.6 MW 85.7 MW 74.4 MW
GSU Output MW @ 0.8 PF 91.5 MW 81.1 MW 70.5 MW

Highlighted cells indicate where Generator or GSU capability is less than

Turbine capability

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