1. Why is it necessary to modulate the picture and sound signals before transmission?

Why TV transmission is carried out in the UHF and VHF bands?

The need for modulation stems from the fact that it is impossible to transmit a signal by
itself.
To reduce the size of antennas. The greatest difficulty in the use of un-modulated wave is
the need for long antennas for efficient radiation and reception.
Both picture and sound signals from different stations are concentrated within the same
range of frequencies. Therefore, radiation from different stations would be hopelessly and
inextricably mixed up and it would be impossible to separate one from the other at the
receiving end.
2. Show that in the 625-B system, a total channel bandwidth of 11.25 MHz would be
necessary if both the sidebands of the amplitude modulated picture signal are fully
radiated along with the frequency modulated picture signal.
In the 625 line TV system where the frequency components present in the video signal
extend from dc (zero Hz) to 5MHz, a double sideband AM transmission would occupy a total
bandwidth of 10 MHz. The actual band space allocated to the television channel would have
to be still greater, because with practical filter characteristics it is not possible to terminate
the bandwidth of a signal abruptly at the edges of the sidebands. Therefore, an attenuation
slope of 0.5 MHz is provided at each edge of the two sidebands. This adds 1 MHz to the
required total band space.
In addition to this, each television channel has its associated FM (frequency modulated)
sound signal, the carrier frequency of which is situated just outside the upper limit of 5.5
MHz of the picture signal. This, together with a small guard band, adds another 0.25 MHz to
the channel width, so that a practical figure for the channel bandwidth would be 11.25 MHz.

Figure.1. shows the total channel bandwidth using double sideband picture signal.
Where; P is picture carrier and S is sound carrier.

3. Why is an attenuation slope of 0.5 MHz allowed at both the edges of the AM picture
signal sidebands? Why is a guard band provided at the sound signal edge of the television
channel?
Because of filter design difficulties it is not possible to terminate the bandwidth of a signal
abruptly at the edges of the sidebands. Therefore, an attenuation slope covering
approximately 0.5 MHz is allowed at either end.
If attenuation slope are not allowed, there will be a serious loss in horizontal detail due to
attenuation, since the high frequency components of the video modulation determine the
amount of horizontal detail in the picture.
A guard band of 0.25 Mhz is allowed on the carrier side of a television channel to allow for
adequate inter-channel separation.

4. Why is it necessary to affect economy in channel bandwidth? Why SSB is not used for
picture signal transmission?
The level of digitalisation in social enterprises will be improved steadily.
Better social cohesion by providing government services for all with improved
communication and faster responses.
To serve the rural communities in providing access to internet services for education,
agriculture and health allowing lives to be improved.

In principle an SSB signal with carrier cannot be demodulated by an envelope detector and
envelope detection is the normal practice in television receivers.