KATHMANDU UNIVERSITY

DHULIKHEL, KAVRE

REVIEW ON
STUDY OF GOVERNING CONTROL SYSTEM
FOR HYDROPOWER PLANT

BY:
SABAL PANTHEE
ROLL NO: 31165
GROUP: HYDROPOWER
SUB: COEG 304
 STUDY ON GOVERNING CONTROL SYSTEM
FOR HYDROPOWER PLANT
Mechanical governors are the direct descendants of fly ball governors with the
crucial addition of a ‘power-assisted’ actuator for moving the flow control valve or
the guide vanes on the turbine [1].

Governing control system have to supply stable power while accommodating

varying load conditions and erratic water flow. Governing mechanism ensure the
generation of power within predefined margin of frequency and voltage deviation
under varying load condition, behavior transfer failure detection, diagnosis and
protection. Electro hydraulic governer senses speed, acceleration, guidevane
movement load and input command. These signals are summated and amplified to
drive electromechanical device which is input to hydraulic amplification stage [2].

For the plant operated in isolated mode, an electric servometer is used as a

governer whose function is to cause motion in the form of rotation or linear motion
proportion to supplied electrical command signal [3]. In order to keep generator
frequency, wicket gates are regulated by an oil hydraulic servomechanism
controlled by governer [4].

A novel controller for the speed governing system of the hydro electric power plant
under the effect of water hammer. This controller is based on cascading of low
pass filter with PID controller is very efficient in controlling the overshoot,
stability and the dynamics the speed-governing of hydro electric system supplying
an isolated/grid connected load [5].To study the essence of stability of
hydroturbine system, a novel nonlinear mathematical model for a hydro-turbine
governing system with a surge tank is established by using state-space equation
[4].
Fig. 1. Schematic of hydropower plant with its structures and components (a)
general layout form (b) block diagram form[6]

REFERENCES

[1] G. A. Munoz-Hernandez and D. I. Jones, "Overview of Hydropower Control

Systems," in Modelling and Controlling Hydropower Plants: Springer,
2013, pp. 27-39.
[2] H. Goyal, T. Bhatti, and D. Kothari, "Control systems for small hydropower
plants: a review," International journal of energy technology and policy, vol.
5, no. 1, pp. 97-105, 2007.
[3] M. Hanmandlu, H. Goyal, and D. Kothari, "An advanced control scheme for
micro hydro power plants," in 2006 International Conference on Power
Electronic, Drives and Energy Systems, 2006, pp. 1-7: IEEE.
[4] D. Chen, C. Ding, Y. Do, X. Ma, H. Zhao, and Y. Wang, "Nonlinear
dynamic analysis for a Francis hydro-turbine governing system and its
control," Journal of the Franklin Institute, vol. 351, no. 9, pp. 4596-4618,
2014.
[5] K. A. Naik, P. Srikanth, and A. Chandel, "A novel governor control for
stability enhancement of hydro power plant with water hammer effect," in
2011 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Electrical and
Computer Technology, 2011, pp. 40-45: IEEE.
[6] N. Kishor, R. Saini, and S. Singh, "A review on hydropower plant models
and control," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 11, no. 5, pp.
776-796, 2007.