McCaul Sawina

Chapter 21 Vocab

1. The First Battle of Bull Run- also known as the First Battle of Manassas (the name used by
Confederate forces and still often used in the Southern United States), was fought on July 21,
1861, near Manassas, Virginia. It was the first major land battle of the American Civil War.
2. Merrimack-was a frigate and sailing vessel of the United States Navy, best known as the hull
upon which the ironclad warship, CSS Virginia was constructed during the American Civil War.
The CSS Virginia then took part in the Battle of Hampton in the first engagement between
ironclad warships.
3. Monitor-was the first ironclad warship commissioned by the United States Navy during the
American Civil War. She is most famous for her participation in the Battle of Hampton Roads on
March 9, 1862, the first-ever battle fought between two ironclads. The Monitor fought the
ironclad CSS Virginia (the former frigate USS Merrimack) of the Confederate States Navy.
4. Second Battle of Bull Run-It was the culmination of an offensive campaign waged by
Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia against Union Maj. Gen. John Pope's
Army of Virginia, and a battle of much larger scale and numbers than the First Battle of Bull Run
(First Manassas) fought in 1861 on the same ground.
5. Battle of Antietem-fought on September 17, 1862, near Sharpsburg, Maryland, and Antietam
Creek, as part of the Maryland Campaign, was the first major battle in the American Civil War to
take place on Northern soil. It was the bloodiest single-day battle in American history, with
about 23,000 casualties.
6. Battle of Gettysburg-was fought July 1–3, 1863, in and around the town of Gettysburg,
Pennsylvania. The battle with the largest number of casualties in the American Civil War[7], it is
often described as the war's turning point.[8] Union Maj. Gen. George Gordon Meade's Army of
the Potomac defeated attacks by Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia,
ending Lee's invasion of the North.
7. Gettysburg Address- is a speech by U.S. President Abraham Lincoln and is one of the best-known
speeches in United States history.[1] It was delivered by Lincoln during the American Civil War,
on the afternoon of Thursday, November 19, 1863, at the dedication of the Soldiers' National
Cemetery in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, four and a half months after the Union armies defeated
those of the Confederacy at the decisive Battle of Gettysburg.
8. Siege of Vicksburg-a decisive battle in the American Civil War (1863); after being besieged for
nearly seven weeks the Confederates surrendered
9. Copperheads- a vocal group of Democrats in the Northern United States who opposed the
American Civil War, wanting an immediate peace settlement with the Confederates.
Republicans started calling anti-war Democrats "Copperheads," likening them to the poisonous
snake. The Peace Democrats accepted the label, but for them the copper "head" was the
likeness of Liberty, which they cut from copper pennies and proudly wore as badges
10. Thomas J. Jackson-general in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War whose troops
at the first Battle of Bull Run stood like a stone wall
11. Robert E. Lee-was a career military officer who is best known for having commanded the
Confederate Army of Northern Virginia in the American Civil War. Lee's depleted forces were
overwhelmed at Petersburg; he abandoned Richmond and retreated west as Union forces
encircled his army. Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House on April 9, 1865,
marking the end of Confederate hopes; the remaining armies soon capitulated
12. George Pickett- was a career United States Army officer who became a general in the
Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. He is best remembered for his
participation in the futile and bloody assault at the Battle of Gettysburg that bears his name,
Pickett's Charge.
McCaul Sawina
Chapter 21 Vocab

13. Ulysses S. Grant-As Commanding General of the United States Army from 1864 to 1865, Grant
confronted Robert E. Lee in a series of very high casualty battles known as the Overland
Campaign that ended in a stalemate siege at Petersburg. During the siege, Grant coordinated a
series of devastating campaigns launched by William Tecumseh Sherman, Philip Sheridan, and
George Thomas. Finally breaking through Lee's trenches at Petersburg, the Union Army
captured Richmond, the Confederate capital, in April 1865. Lee surrendered to Grant at
Appomattox. Soon after, the Confederacy collapsed and the Civil War ended.
14. John Wilkes Booth-was an American stage actor who assassinated President Abraham Lincoln at
Ford's Theatre, in Washington, D.C., on April 14, 1865. Booth was a member of the prominent
19th century Booth theatrical family from Maryland and, by the 1860s, was a well known actor.
[1] He was also a Confederate sympathizer vehement in his denunciation of the Lincoln
Administration and outraged by the South's defeat in the American Civil War
15. Sherman’s March-is the name commonly given to the Savannah Campaign conducted around
Georgia during November–December 1864 by Maj. Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman of the
Union Army in the American Civil War. The campaign began with Sherman's troops leaving the
captured city of Atlanta, Georgia, on November 15 and ended with the capture of the port of
Savannah on December 21. It inflicted significant damage, particularly to industry and
infrastructure (per the doctrine of total war), and also to civilian property.