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    9 views30 pages

    TCVN9027 2011 907697

    Uploaded by

    nhnam

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    TCVN TIEU CHUAN QUOC GIA TCVN 9027 : 2011 ISO 24333 : 2009 Xudt ban lant NGU COC VA SAN PHAM NGU Céc - LAY MAU Cereals and cereal products - Sampling HANOI- 2011 TCVN 8027:2011 Loi ndi dau TCVN 9027:2011 thay thé TCVN 5451-2008, TCYN 9027:2011 hoan toan tong durong vei ISO 24333:2009; TCVN 9027:2011 do Ban kj thuat tigu chudn TCVN/TCIF1 NgG cbc va déu dé bién soan, Téng cuc Tiéu chudn Bo long ‘Chat lvong d& nghi, BS Khoa hoc va Céng nghé céng bé. TIEU CHUAN QUOC GIA TCVN 9027:2011 Ngii céc va san phdm ngii céc - Lay mau Cereals and cereal products ~ Sampling 1 Pham vi ap dung Tiéu chudn nay quy dinh cdc yéu cdu vé viée l4y mau dang tinh hoac dang chuyén dong bang phuong phdp thi cong hoac phurong phap co hoc abi vei ngi cbc va cdc sin phdm ngi cbc 68 danh gid tinh trang va chat long san phd Tiéu chun nay c6 thé ap dung cho vigc ldy mau dé xac dinh cc cht nhiém ban phan bé kh6ng ding bu, cdc cht khong mong muén va cac chi tigu thudng phan bé dang déu, duoc ding dé danh gid chat lvgng hoge danh gia phi hop véi yéu cdu. Tiéu chudn nay ¢6 thé ding 44 xac dinh cén tring trong Id hat. CHU THICH 1 Ce phueng phap khde, vi dy bBy c6n tring Wong khi bdo quan hal. a thich hop hon db Gah gid quan the dich hat Tiéu chudn nay cé thé ap dung cho viéc i4y mu 48 danh gia chat lang va tinh trang cla céc Id hang chira sén phdm bién dBi gen (GMO) nhung khéng thich hep cho vic xdc dinh sy c6 mat cua chat bién bi gen ty phat trong san phdm khéng bién ddi gen. Tiéu chudn nay khéng ap dung cho hat gidng. CHU THICH2 Vike iby mBu hat gidng do Hip Noi qué té ve thir nghiém nat gidng (ISTA) tnt ip CHU THIGH 3. Tei thoi dim ctng BS teu chun nay. cha 6 nghidn ciru nao Gia ra ket ludn ve viec by mu san phd kndng bidn abi gen a8 xc cinh sy cd mat ca sinh vat bidn dBi gen ty phat 2. Thuat ng@ va dinh nghia ‘rong tiéu chuan nay ap dung cdc thuat ngir va dinh nghia sau day: 24 L6 hang (lot) Lugng xac dinh vat ligu (nga cbc hogc san phdm nga cbc) ma tir do mau duge Idy ra va kiém tra 48 xac dinh mot (hoac nhieu) ac tinh TCVN 9027:2011 22 Lay mdu (sampling) Host dong ldy hodc thiét lap mau. [Theo 1.3.1 cua ISO 3534-2:2006") 23 May ban dau (increment) Luong vat ligu duc ldy tai mét thoi dibm tir cdc dim ly mau riéng 1é trong khp 16 hang, CHU THICH Theo §.27 cia 1SO 3534-2 2006" 24 Miu chung (aggregate sample) Mu g6p (composite sample) Tép hop cia hai hoac nhidu miu ban dau (2.3), duoc tdy mau thyc té (2.2) trong khdp 16 hang (2.1), Suge gop lai va tron déu CHU THICH Theo 5.3.4 eda ISO 3834.2:2006" 26 Miu phdng thir nghigm (laboratory sample) ‘engi ebe> M&u duge chudn bj bing cach tron déu va chia mu chung (2.4) 66 giti dén phdng thir nghi¢m va ding 48 kiém tra ho&c thir nghiém. CHU THIGH Theo 32.10 640 180 6206 1979!" 26 ‘Trdn dau (homogenization) Tron kj bing tay hode bing phurong tin coy hoc sao cho cdc chit nhiém bin va céc dic tinh vat I dugc phan bé déu trong mu chung hodc mau phéng thi nghiém. 27 on vj bao g6l (packed unit) Luong hat hoac long san phdm nghién duoc déng trong bao, tui ho&c bao bi ban Ié. 28 Sai s6 do lay mau (sampling error) Mot phan cia sai s6 ude lung ting sé cia dac tinh gay nén bdi tinh khong ddng nhdt cia cdc 4c tinh, ban chat cia viée l4y mau va nhimg thiéu sét c6 thé chp nhan duce trong ké hoach iby mau CHU THICH Theo A.42 cua ISO 7002:1986". TCVN 9027:2011 3. Yéu cdu chung 3.4. Trong tiéu chudn nay, vige lay mau bao gdm céc bude sau a) ldy mét 86 luong xac dinh mau ban dau a8 tao mau chung: b)_tr6n dbu mau chung, ©) giém m&u chung thanh mu phéng thir nghiém. 3.2 Thanh phan cua cdc 16 hang ngi cbc it khi ddng déu va cdc chat nhiém ban cy thé duge phan bb khong déng déu, nén phai dy 40 sé lvong mau ban dau va tron kt 6 tao mu chung va tir dé chia tiép 8 thu due mot hoge vai mu phang ther nghiém. Déi voi cae hang héa dang tinh thi phai chu y 46 dam bao rang cc mau ban dau nay duge phan bd du trong khéi lugng hat, cd & be mat va sau phia dudi. 3.3. Can dua ra canh bao dé dam bao rang tat ca thiét bj dugc sir dung phai sach, khé va khong co mii la. Cac quy trinh dy mau phai duge thyc hién sao cho vat ligu d8 l4y mdu due bao vé khdi moi Agudn nhigm ban tir bén ngoai do mua, bui v.v. 3.4 TAt cd céc quy trinh l4y mau phai duge thyc hién trong mét théi gian dU ngdn dé tranh moi sy thay 46i cla chat bay hoi trong cdc mu. Néu mét trong cac bude ldy mau tién hanh trong mot thoi gian dai thi cde mu ban @du, mu riéng hoc mAu chung phai duroc git trong cdc vat chia kin, 3.5 Trong truéng hop ¢6 tranh chp, mdu phai do cdc dai dién cla bén mua va bén ban cing lay hoge do bén thr ba Guge chi dinh 3.6 Cdn cha y dé dém bao tinh nguyén ven cia cée mau tiy théi diém duc lly dén thé diém six dung trong phing thir nghiém. 4 Thiét bj va dyng cy Co nhidu ching toai thiét bi ho&e dung cy ldy mau khac nhau. Can chon dung cy thich hyp nhat cho san pham dugc lay mau, lvgng mAu yéu cdu va vat chira 68 sir dung, Phy lye A mé ta céc ching loai dung cy ldy mBu co hee ding cho hat chay 66ng va éuza ra sy minh hoa vé cac vi dy cho cdc dung cy 66. Phy tye B dua ra cdc vi dy v8 cac thiét bi duoc ding dé lay mau cdc sn phdm tinh va cac vi dy vé cac thiét bi durgc dung 48 chia mau. Phy luc A va Phu luc B khéng mé ta tét cd thit bi va dung cu lay mau. CN 49027: 204" ‘Sée dung ey .dy mau co hoc phai cb cac khép néi phi hop di voi vie thir nghiém, lam sach, bao duéng va sive chiva tht ca cac ba mat thiét bj. Cac khop di khéng dug lam bang vat liéu tich dién. ‘Bhi voi ngs. cdc dung ey ldy mau nén cé hai éng nhanh cung cdp khéng khi. Cac dung cy ly mau dang hut nay cing cé thé duge dung cho cac loai ngd obc khac. 5 Liy miu 5.41. Yéu cau chung Ly mu dang r6i hat ngi cbc trong déng chay va idy mu ngh cbe dang tinh. Trong ed hai trréng hop, mau cé thé duge lay thd céng hoac bang co hoc. Lby mau ti don vi bao g6i (2.7) chi ding of iby mau dang finh va chi IBy thi céng 86 lupng va khbi lvgng mau ban dau duvc quy éinh trong Bang 1 va Bang 2 déi véi hal, Bang 3 va Bang 4 di véi cdc san phdm nghién va sén phdm ngh cbc kde, va trong Bang 5 461 véi cdc san phim gti cc bao géi da nghién va san phdm ngii cic khac 44 dye bao géi. MOL 16 hoa mét phan 16 c kh6i kxgng 161 da 1 500 thi lay m@t mau phdng thi nghiém (2.5) \VIOU 061 er 166.0001, thi phim tch taht bm md prdng thi aghiém, CHU THICH Dai thd lugng dra ra trong Bling 1 dén Bing 5 doc iy tir ISO/TR 29263". 5.2. Liy miu cdc sn phdm dang réi 6.2.1 Yéucdu chung KKhi cé thé, tién hanh [dy mau cc san phém dang chay (vi dy. trong khi nap hang ho&e dé hang) sao cho tat cd cdc phn hop thanh cla 16 duoc ly mau nhu nhau. hi khong ¢6 s8n dung cy co hoc a6 ly mu thi thure hién ké hoach Idy mAu thi cong. ‘Cac phuong phap (co hoc hoc thi céng) dé lay mau tir cc 16 dang chay phai ph hop voi tc 4 ding chdy cia san phdm (xem Bang 1 va Bang 3). di v6i hat tfnh, bat ké phurong phap Idy mau nao ue sty dung, thi cdc m&u ban éAu cing edn duge Idy & cdc khodng cdch déu nhau trén todn bd 1b hang va chiéu sau lén dén 9 m_ Bdi voi cdc 16 mau hat roi su hon 9 m thi ly mau khi ching dang trén dong chay BO ven cée xe tdi ché hang va toa xe hang, thinén ldy mu dang tinh. ‘Dé cae mau chung cé tinh dai dién thi sé Iveng mau ban dau céng cao cang tét. Bang 1 dén Bing 4 quy dinh sé lueng mau ban Gau ti thiéu urge lay trong céc tinh hudng khac nhau. 8 TCVN 9027:2011 5.2.2 Ldy mdu cac san phdm dang roi dang chay 5.2.2.1 Yéu cdu chung. Vi cdc dac tinh va cu tric cia 16 co thé thay d6i, nén céc mau ban du phai lay tir toan bé 19, nghTa la l4y doc theo dong chay. 5.2.2.2 Liy mdu co hge. Chinh dung cy Idy mu sao cho cd cée mau ban dau hoa tan sudt idy mau ¢6 thé thay déi trén khdp dai rong. Mét day cdc mu ban dau 0d c& 6 dinh phai duoc ldy & khodng cach xdc dinh trvée theo déng chay va theo cach ma mdi phn cua 16 du cé kha nang duge ly mau. VIDU Dyng eu ty mu dang cBI ngang 4p ing yeu chu nby khéng kd opi dng cha 5.2.2.3 Ldy miu thd cng. Ldy cac mau ban dau & cdc khodng cach déu nhau. 5.2.3 Lay miu cc san phim roi dang tinh D6i vi vibe ly mau dang tinh, dung cu va céc phuong phap ldy mau phdi tinh dén chidu cao cia khdi san phdm can Idy mau. © a6 sau dén 2 m, 66 thé ding dyng cy tham mau thd cng, O46 sau dén 2.5 m, céc dung cu lay mau ce hoc cé thé duge sir dung néu khéng tao ra bat ky sy phan tach & éng tham va khéng lam hu héng hat. Ngoai ra, nu 49 sau cia san phdm vurot qua 2,5 m, thi chi ding dung cy lay mu dang hut. Lay mau cae 6 hat dang ri co 49 s4u Gn hon 9 m khi ching dang chay. Lo hang phai durge ly mu trén toan b6 49 séu cia I6, ding phurong phap chia 6 (xem Hinh 1 va Hinh 2). Hign nay, cc tham Idy mau duoc ding cho hat la khdng phi hop 44 ldy mu dang bot. 5.2.4 Sd lugng va khdi lugng mau dang hat 8.2.4.1 S6lugng va khéi lugng méu ban dau ‘$6 Ivong va khéi lvgng mau ban dau duge dua ra trong Bang 1 va Bang 2. Tat cd mau ban dau duge ly cung nhau 48 tao thanh mau chung, mau chung nay phi duge tron du va phan chia (6.1 va 6.2) G6 tao mau phong thy nghiém. §.2.4.2 Khéi lugng mau phong thi: nghigm Khdi lung mau phéng thir nghi¢m duge xc dinh theo chiing logi va cae yéu chu cla cac phép thir cn thyc hign (xem Bang 1 va Bang 2) ‘B phan tich cc chdt nhi8m ban thi kdl lrgng cua m&u phong thir nghiém phai tir 1 kg dén 10 kg, TCVN 9027:2011 ‘b& phan tich cac Bac tinh khac thi khdi lvong mau phéng thir nghiém phai it nhat 1d 1 kg (3 kg di voi Bu durgc Idy 68 nghién thi) 6.2.43 Lay mdu cdc sin phim roi dang dong chay bing phuong phap co hoc hod thi cong Cac dung cy lay mau co hee phai due cai dat sa0 cho ¢é thé thu dugc cdc mau ban ddu voi cd quy Ginh trong Bang 1 duéi day. CO cae mu ban du ndy dua ra chi 68 tham khdo va khong voi myc dich ‘thay thé cdc quy dinh hoae cdc yéu cau hién hanh. Bang 1 - Quy trinh Idy mau dé thu duge khdi lugng t6i thidu ctia mau phéng thir nghigm cia dang hat dang chay’ Ly miu dgng hat dang chy bing phuong phép co hoe hog thi cong Dai kndi nd lrgng ti thibu eda mau fsnra rung phép | wgng ede | $6 irgmgtbithidu miu ban hu! | phong ta nghitm cho hep | POT | ‘mdu ban abu phan tich chit nhidm bin | "SNé™ cho phép L | | phi ih nde + 20 mu trén mot 16 node mot in 18 co kn ron Liymts | songenn | nblos#4nbbog sot conee 18009 | ~ 28 mBu ren mbt 18 hose mat | phn 16 0 khdi ivemg 1 500 t di | weima lem hon 1 500% | (0 0 vibe phn i et ab be 20 may trén mot 18 hoge mot ‘phan Id co khdi legng 5001 ‘Obi voi phép phan tich | = 25 mbu ttn et 8 ode mot | ecratonn A vt aatonn: 10 kp | ubymas | soaon ‘hin 18 cb khbi lung 1 5001 46) | 6% voi phep phan tich dr tig ohn 3 kg tty . teoog, Liimatnhen 15008 uong thebe bao v8 thuc val. | theo yéu cbu | niceng 9 ean iosinéng. con: tg | phn th T+ Tan sudt neo dong chay nat ‘86% vi cae phép phan tich Khe 3 mu tr8m mot 16 hoe mat phd 16 co knditueng 500 ¢ 4 mba trén mot ib hode mot phn 16 6 KNB Wrong 1 $00 § i voi me lon hom 1 5001 186) véi phép phan tich cae ‘ont nhidm ban khdc? 3 kg | Ce endt anidm ban kde nhu deoxynivalene! (DON). fumonisin, zearslenon; dbi vei viee xae dinh DON. khds trong my hong thi nghiém co thé lat kg 10 $.2.4.4 Lay mau céc sin phdm roi dang tinh TCVN 9027:2011 ‘$6 lvgng mau cdn Idy 68 phan tich va lam mau trong tai phai tuy thudc vao théa thudn gidra cac bén co lign quan. ‘86 lung va co mau ban dau c6 thé theo quy dinh trong Bang 2. Néu khéi lvgng m&u phong thi nghiém khéng dap tng thi sé mau ban dau phai lay tng lén. Hinh 1 dua ra céc vi dy v8 sy phan bé tm diém ldy mu va Hinh 2 dua ra 25 ciém. Bang 2 - Quy trinh Iiy mau 48 thu duge khdi legng téi thibu miu phdng thir nghigm ai véi hat sinh iy miu hat ri dang tinh (nén dung he théng iby mBu co hoc) trong toa xe ché hang ho¥e xe tal chéy hing, ‘tau hogc bé chiza lén, xil6 ho§e kho chiva hang COW hoe mot | Dal khdi trgng ‘Shtwong thi Khéi lwgng t6i thidu | Khdi legng t6i thidu phan Io miu ban dau’ thidu miu ban miu phong thir | miu phong thir m ou faghigm cho phép —_nghifm cho cée phép phantich cde chit phn tich Khée nhidm bin mst5t | 3.6iém ity mB ‘B6i voi phép phan tich Tis} E+ 3 Thing xe Ro-mooe ») di v6 xe tdi hal khoang (gdm thang xe va ro-mooc) Hinh 4 ~ Vi dy vé sy phn bé céc diém ldy mau déi voi 8 cibm Hinh 2 - Cac vidy vd sy phan bé cac didm ty mau 461 voi 25 didm 5.2.5 Sélugng va khdi legng mdu cia céc sin phdm nghién va cdc san phim ngii céc khac Xem Bang 3 va Bang 4 Bang 3 - Quy trinh tdy mau dé thu duge khéi lurgng tdi thidu cua mu phdng thir nghi¢m 461 voi cc san phdm nghién va céc sain phdm ngd céc khac [~~ [ay mu efe sin phim nghidn va cae san phim ngo cbc khae dang dong chay I ‘bing phizong phap co hoe hobe tho cong j Dal wd ‘Knélivgng wi thibo | Kh6 kgm wi chibu Phuong | lweng | cua miu phong thir | — miu phong tho crip” | cunmiu | SéWonatéthitumiu nen chu | ance peg pnan | nga on php | ban du tich chét nim bén phi tich khiésc 15 m&u trén mot © hoae mot phan | Uymau 2009 ¢bn |) | 4 jn su 7 ft epo g. | €3218.68 Re hneng 100 & (dn suse Lo neo dong chy) _|biveieae sin pném |__ | +15 mau trén mot 10 hee mot phan dang bet: kg | cita 86 Wri trong 100 bi vei ede sn phd | Lbymiu | 3009 Abn | nga a svi dong chiy <20 uh th | ven cuc (vid: dang | 19 d4n 3 ka eo thi-ctng | 19009 | tbithidu la 3 mButren mot gid wen.) kg | Ae yeucdu phan | | | nahta 1a 661 voi dong chy > 20 um thi fb __| tbr thidu ta 3 mu ven 201 CHU THIGH 1 G6 ind cn phal iy be sung cdc mu ban du ab thu Gvoc Khéi rong ti thibu mbu prong th nghiém CHU THICH 2. Gid siredng ede sn phdm dang bot ddng nhbt non so voi hat, thi my phong thi nghitm 1 kg lad phan | eh chit nid bn 12 ‘TCVN 9027:2011 Bang 4 - Quy trinh ldy mau dé thu dug khéi legng téi thidu cua mau phéng thir nghigm d6i voi céc san phdm nghién va céc san phim ngd eéc khac tien cht nib bn, ‘(ly miu cae san phim nghién va céc sin phdm ngo cdc khde dang tinh (nén ldy mau theo h§ thong Ihy imu co hc) trong toa xe cher hang hode xe tai ché hing, toa ché hang COI hose. hdl hegng ‘Sb lwgng ti thidu cua | Khdi lugng t61 thidu | Khéi lugng t61 | enpt phan miu ban dau miuban au | cuamdu phong thir | thibu cua mou cia 6 nghifm cho phép | phdng thir nghigm m phan tich ede chit | cho ede phép phin nhidm bin teh khae: [ms tse 3 eid iby mu 1

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