Part 1 1 Reena 0. ML 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 29. 30. What are lexical meaning and grammatical meaning? What are the components of meaning? What is a semantic feature? Can the same semantic feature be part of the meaning of different words? Can the same semantic feature occur in words of different parts of speech? Give examples? Why is it crucial to identify all the possible semantic features of a word? What are reference, referent, and sense? Find examples of a number of referring expressions for one referent. Distinguish variable reference and constant reference, What are extension, prototypes, and stereotype? Give two examples for each. What are the criteria between polysemy and homonymy, What are types of synonyms? What is lexical variant? Give example What are types of antonyms? What is the meaning of function words? Give two examples What are the causes of semantic change? What is the nature of semantic change? Distinguish a simile from a metaphor. Distinguish live metaphor from dead metaphor. Give two examples What is metonymy? hyperbole? litotes? euphemism? irony? Hyponymy is defined as the relation of inclusion, What is the difference between superordinates, which are also called either hypernyms and hyponyms? Discuss with specific examples What is a semantic field? Give examples. In what way are semantically similar items organized into various semantic fields? What is a lexical gap? Give two examples What is a proposition, a sentence, an utterance? Give two examples Distinguish sentence meaning from utterance meaning. ‘What is the semantic structure of the simple declarative sentence? What is semantic/ thematic role? Why is semantic role related to sentence meaning? Why is noun phrase related to semantic roles? Name important sense properties of sentence. Give example? What is paraphrase? What is entailment? Distinguish one-way entailment from two way entailment Give an account of the roles of context with examples for illustration. Distinguish performatives from constatives. Distinguish locution from illocution; a locutionary act from either an illocutionary act or a perlocutionary act, What do you know about speech act classification? Distinguish direct speech acts from indirect speech acts. What is presupposition? Give examples. What are types of presupposition? Give examples. Explain the notion of conversational implicatures with examples. What is the co-operative principle?