B. MW. Jureun K 9THMOJOPM CIOB VrPbI MU ;WrPa B pycckux neronmcax cropa yepw M loepa Kak HasBaHHA HapopoB ylorpeOsi0TCA B TedeHHe MHOFMX CTOMeTHI: NOX yepamu NOHMMAalOTCA BeHrpH (MepBEtit pas BeTpeyaeTcA cuoBo yepa nog 890 r., saTeM m0, 898 r., 902 r., 934 1r. m7. 4. BUNOTE Ao XVI B.) 1, a nog wepo% (uHorAa Tawke yepa)—Boryan (MaHcM) mM ocTAKM (xaHTHI) (mepBBIit pas cOBO wepa Berperaetca nom 1096 r., sarem 1144 r., 1187 r. wt. a. no XVI B.) *. To CHX TOP HET YROBNETBOPUTENBHOTO TOMKOBAHMA MpoucxornKe- HUA OTHX MHTePeCHBIX ITHMTECKMX TePMHHOB: UIMpPOKO pacipocrpaHeH- Haa Ha Sataye sTUMONOrHA Cr0Ba yepdl HAC He YROBAeTBOPAET, a COBO toepa KO CuxX Top He MMeeT CKONBKO-HUOy Eb Haydon STHMOJOrAA. TIpesye Bcero HeoOxoqMMo BEIACHMTL, B Kako MCTOpuyecKo H Teorpapuyeckoit oOcraHOBKe OBITOBaIM aTH TepMHHBI. Pycckaad weTonuch HaabIBaeT BeHTpoB (Ma[bAp) yepe, KOTOpHe B Konye IX B. H. 9. MpOMM Ho loxRKHOpyccKuM CTenAM, MuMo Huesa, B 3amannoM HanpaBsennu. Apadckme m BUsaHTHiicKMe MCTOUHMKH aroT TAK*KE YKA3AHUA Ha TO, ITO MAJ[bAPLI NPM Ha COBPpeMeHHYyO poyuny c Boctoka. Houctanrun Barpanoponasit (X B.), HaahiBad BeHrpos TypKamn, noBectByer: «Hapog TypKos B crapuRy uMen AH- TeIbCTBO BO.M3M XazapHM B MeCTHOCTH, HasbiBaeMoi Jleneyne m0 uMeHM Nepzoro BoeBoRE UX... Tevenern. . ., ABUHYBIIMeCH BOHHOIO wa Xa3ap M pasOuTHe MMM, IPMHYKAeHHI ObINM NOKMHYTH CBOIO 30MIIO M 3acemnTb semiio TypKos. B soitHe, BosauKme mempy Typkamu ui Tlegeneramu. . . Boiicko Typkos 6st10 pas6uTo u paayennsoce Ha Be 4acTH: OfHa YacTh NoceMNach Ha BOCTOKe B WacTH Tlepenaut. ry a Apyrast 4acrb BMeCcTe CO CBOMM BoeBoOI H IpeABoRMTeTeM JleneqMeM NOcemH1ach B 3alaqHoi Cropone, B MeCTaX, HaasbiBAeMHIX ATeIbKYy3y, rye HbIHe xKuBeT Hapog Teqenexckuii. . . CuycTA HeCKOBKO BpeMeHH, Tlevenern, nanapmu wa TypKos, BbIrnanu ux c KHA8eM ux ApnajoM. Typku, oOparusumcp B OercrBo u ula HOBO 3eMIM AA MOCceneHUA, npMnIM w BEIrHaIH *KUTeteH us Benuxoit Mopasun u nocenmmuch 1 Yxpamaua u Tenep oTHM cHOBOM HaaEIBAlOT BEATpOR. 2 CM., HanpuMep, «YKagaTe1b K MepBHIM BOCbMM TOMaM HOMHOTO coOpa- HHA PYCCKUX smeTONMCel, H3{aHHHIX UMMepaTopcKoW ApxuBHoW [KomuccHer». cI6., 1907. 197BMX 3eMJe, re uM *KMBYT NonbIHe. .. K BerueynomanytTiim TypKam, HOceIMBIIMMCH Ha BocTOKe B Kpaax [lepcengu, orm sanagnbie TypKu jocete OTUPAaBTAIOT NOCAanWeB, KOTOPHe BUAAT AX M YaCTO NpUHOCAT oT HMX oTReTED. «lomKHO 3HaTb, IT0 Tleveneru nepBonayaEHo UMeIH MecTo »kuTeIBCTBa Ha peke® Arune, a Take Ha pexe Teiixey 4. Hoseitmme uccneqoBatenu mpeqnonarawr, yro Jlenequa u Atenb- Ky3a oOo3HayaloT OfHY Mu Ty 2Ke TeppuTopuio — paiton Jlona um nobe- pexba Azosckoro mops >. Ho m Ha aTy TeppuTOpHio MaqbApH MpHu- au TombKo B IX B., pakbule OHM *KuIH ene BocTodHee. Ha ocHoBa- HMM M3ydeHUA BM3aHTHHICKAX MCTOTHMKOR ycTanaB.IMBaloT, YTO Ma- ibapst B V—VI Bp. skunu Ha TeppuTopun k cesepy oT KaBkasa B Co- ceycrse c 6yirapanM M OceTHHAMM, U3 ABLIKa KOTOPHX 3auMCTBOBAIA Maccy COB, B YaCTHOCTM M3 AabIKa Oysrap 3aMMCTBOBAAN TepMMHLI BHHOeINA §(ceBepHan rpaunya KyAbTyps BuHOrpaya: Mornzen — Auenpouerposcx—Capenra), Ha Jou sxe nonaan roapKo B 830 r., re Ont CeBePHHMH COCeAMM Xasap 6 Tlepronayanbayio poyuny Beurpos ycravaBauBaloT ua OcnoBaHMIt JMHBIBUCTHICCKHX aHREIX. Bawxatumamn copoqvyaMuH BeHTpPOB ABIAIOTCA MaHcH (Borysh) M XaHTH (ocTaKH). Bce oT Tpu ABsLIKa oObeqMHAIOTCA B yropcKy!0 rpynny :uHHO-yropcKoi CeMbu A3BIKOB. Cospemenunie (puHHO-yrpoBeyEt MBICIAT JMCIOKalHIO MpeyKHUX YrpoB B caegyrouem Buje 7. B Mancuiickom m xanTsiicKoM AsMKaXx MMeeTCA MHOTO OF@Hb APeBHUX HHFOMpaHCKUX 3aHMCTBOBaHHit. orm Wannble yKasbiBawoT Ha TO, ITO NepBOHAIaAbRaH powMHa yropCKUXx HapojoB (MaHCH, XaHTH M MafbAp) AONKHA Oba Haxo_uTECA NOOmH- 30CTH OT MHAOMpaHyeB, M MaHCM M XaHTbI BO BCAKOM CJlyqae Haxoqu- IMCh K 1Ory Of CoBpemeHHoro MecTa *MTeALCTBa. SaMeyaTeTbHO TO, aTO B YrOPCKUX ABbIKAX HMeCWTCH o6uine Ha3BaHWA JIA oman uw Ceqna: OTCIONA BEIXOAUT, ITO BCe yropcKue Hapogs Gri1M pane T0- HoOHS CKMpaM-KOHeBOLaM, KaKOBKIMM Mo3qHee OCTaIMCh TOMbKO Majbapbt. Maen M XaHTH, WomaB Ha CeBep, Cedatuch OXOTHUKAaMH M-pHiGor0BaMM, M BMeCTO JOWAKM y HAX NOABUAUCE CoGaKa uM OeHD *. 3 Cm. «MapecTHa BusaHTHiicKux nucatenei 0 CenepHom IIpuyepHomopse>. — «as. TAMMK», 1934, sam. 91. 4 Aux, 7. e. p. Ypaa. 5 Tlocae Bourn B MaybapcKax xpouuKax c0BOM meas unm Hmuav wa- sbipaeTca TaivKe Jou; 970 HasBaHHe NpuMcHHTeAbUO K JlOHY BCTpeyanoch Y apyrux Hapopos (cM.,” HampuMep, y NoubcKoro nucatena [i nyroma). ® GézaF chér. Bulgarisch-ungarische Bezichungen in den V—XI Jahrh.— Kel. Sz. XIX, 1921. 7Pdpay Jézsef. A finnugor népek és nyelvek ismertetése. Budapest, 4922. — B cepuu: «A magyar nyelvtudomény kézikényve» I, 4, mo pen. J. Me- lich, Z. Gombocz u J. Németh. 8 Tlo 9. Cerana (E. N. Set ali. Suomensukisten kansojen esihisto- ria. — «Tictosanakirja», 1X), wMeetca M Apyrad BO3MO%KHOCTD: «BOTyIE W OCTAKH MepBoHayaNbuo SLIM HapowaMM HHO pack, KoTOphe 6pomuaM Ha Tep- PHTOpHH, HaxoAsHelicn K CeBepy OT yrpoB, H, Nona’ NoA BAMABHe yrpoB, ycRO- WAM HX ABHKO, 198Maucu m XaHTSI fouroe BpeMA *KMIM Ha TeppuTOpuM, IpMMEIKaI0- mei x YpabcKuM ropam. «OTH oO1acTH HM MX *KUTeNeM [peBHue UCTOI- HUKM HasbiBatu wepoll... Bepoatuo, BHavame 9sTO HauMMeHOBaHue OTHOCHA0cb K TeppuTopux Oacceitua Ileqoput, crano 6uTh, K eBpoueit- cKoit cropore, rye »kuM OOcKHe yrppt (T. e. MpesKM MaHCH M XaHTH. — B. JI.); orcioga oxono XI—XII 8. on Haganu nepeOupatsca Ha BocTowHyio cropoxy Ypana, Ha TenepemHee MecTo 2KHTeTLCTRA. Pycckuve ucrouHHKu M STOTT paiioH yNoMMRaIOT non uMenem MWepa. Komu-anipaue M Telepb MAaHCH M XAHTbI HasblBaloT Hepa» %, TlepponayaibHo powuuy @MHHO-yrpoB upemnonarar rye-ro na TeppuTopuu oT cpexHero TeyenuA Boaru K BOCTOKY M CeBepo-BOCTOKY or Hee”, Syech mpadmHno-yrpsI 3auMcTBOBaIH y CBOUX cocefeit MHOupaHyeB COBO sata ‘cro’. @unxo-yrpui ee B rxy6oKoil ApeBHOCTH OnIIM pasfeceHH Ha [Be rpynmn: Ha BocTouHyio u sanaquylo. Bocrowny1 rpynny, yropcxyio, CocTaBAAIM NpeAKM Maqbap, XaHTHI M MaHCcH. «Or BocTOTROM rpynuEt paHblle BCX OT/CIMAMCh MabAPL (IpHOAMaMTeIbHO B Hayate Hallel apHl). ITO OTAeTeHHe MpoUsOMIN0, BEPOATHO, BCTeACTBMe HanajenuA KaKOLo-To TyKOLO Hapofa, BCHUY Tero MaqbAPEI LOABMHYAMCH K Ty, @ MAHCH MH XaHTbI, HABEPHO, MOTAHYJIUCh NO 3aaqHbIM CK0HAM Ypana Ha cezep. Iocae orqereHua MaQbAp OHM OCTaBaIMCh eAMABIMU, 1037Ke TakoKe pasqeqMAMcb Ha [Be yacTH M OKOMO XI—XII B. c samaqHbx CKi0HOB Ypawa Maw0-oMasly 3aHAIM CoBpeMenHHe Mecta» |. «Korga Maybapit ocrapuam cpolo nepBoHayabAy poAuBy B paiione Ypana mu nepecenmaucs k lory — 06 aTOM y Hac HeT OcTO- BePAbIX JaHHEIX. Tombko Mo*KHO TpeANONOHKUTEABHO 3aMeTHTb, ITO, Mower ObITb, BeHTpLI NpoHMKaN Ha KapKas, crelyA BocTOTHOeBponel- CKOMY J[BM)KeHMIO HapoOsOB, KOTOPOe MMeNO MeCTO MOCJe pachalenHA ryHHcKoro rocyyaperBa. B arom cay4ae MbI MovKeM Hagano Oysrap- CKOFO BIMAHMA (Ha BeHTepcKHit AsnK. — B. J.) ornecru K cepe- qune V B., KoHell BIuAHMA — K Ragany VII B., a uMeHHO K TOMY BpeMeHM, Kora pasBepRyaach MOU{b Xazap Ha OOAOMKaX 3alaqHoTo TIOPKcKoro rocyfapcrBa M Kora TepesBMKeHHe KaBKasckMx Gyarap Ha CeBep, Ha TeppuTopmio cpequeit Bourn, y2Ke Ono CopepmieHo HM, m0 KpaitHeit Mepe, Havanoce. B paitone Hapkasa, Meaty mpouuM, monaiu B BeHTrepcKnit ABbIK TAK*KE M OCETHHCKHe JJIEMeCHTHI, KOTOPEIC, CYA 10 UX SByKOBOH dopMe, TovKe MOraM ObITL 3auMcTROBaBLI B | V— VI sa.» 2, ®Papay. Yxas. cow 10 CM: E. N. Setala. Finnisch-ugrisch Spraschwissenschaft. Berlin, 1922; Il. Xaitay. K atnoreneay wenrepexoro uapoaa — «Acta Linguistica», 2, 1954/52, emp. 271. — Boamowuo, mpaponuna Qunno-yrpos mpoctupasach Ho Vpana MW YacTHHO Nepexomuaa Fae 3a Ypanpcxuit xpeder. 1 Papay. Yxas. cow., erp. 56. Il. Xaiiqy upeanoaaraer, uro oTZeNeHue MpeAKOB BEHTPOB OT OCTANbHHIX YrpOB Upousoulao B cepeAuHe I tae. H. 3. (Ha j du Peter. A magyar nyelv finnugor alapjai. Budapest, 1965, crp. 14). % Gombocz Z. Die bulgarische Frage und ungarische Hunnensage. — «Ungarische Jahrbiicher» I. Berlin, 1924. 199Vis cxasannoro cxeqyer, 470 MepBOHATaTBHY!O PoRMAY UpeAKoB MaJIbAP, MAHCH M XaHTH HY/KHO UCKaTb Ie-TO K BOCTOKY OT cpeqHero reyenua Boaru, Opitb Monet, B Gacceiiue p. Benoit u HuKHero TeTeRMA Kamut. 9. Moanap }° pasmemlaer yrpoB Ha TeppuTopuax Gonee ce- BepHsix: (IlepponayanbHaad posmMna yropcKux HapowoB ... jexasa B BocTowHOM gacru Espoueitcxoi Poccuu, mexkgy pekamu Batxoit 1 Kamoit, HwxHuM Tegeanem p. Besoi, cpequeypaibckumu ropamu u BepxHum Teyenvem p. Kamp. CpaBauTenbHo HefayeKo oT 9TMX Tep- puropuii u B HACTOAIIee BpeMA *KMBYT MaHCM (BOrysbI), a UCTOpUA gacTaeT MX BMeCTe C XaHTHI (Orpy) Ha Comee 3anaqHBIx TeppuTOpHAX. Vmewrtca Take WoKyMeHTaIbHbe JaBBbe O OEI0M (Gomee m03qHeM) TpeOsiBaHUH BeHTPoOB I'fe-TO Ha TeppHTOpUH CoBpemenHO Baur. ACCP. Mui yxxe Bie UpHBOAMAM AaHHEIe HonctanTuna BarpanopoyHoro 0 TOM, 4TO Balague BeHTpL BX B. MOMeprxXUBAIM CBAIE C BOCTOU- HBIMM BeHrpamu, ocraBmuMuca «B Kpanx Ilepcnanm. Ho ora cBasb Ha M3BeCTHDI NepHox, N0-BUAMMOMY, Obla NpepBawa, XOTA BeHTep- ckHe XPOHUKM BCe BpeMA NOMHMIM, YTO Tye-TO Ha BOCTOKe ecTb UX OfHOMeMCHHUKM BeHrpH-asniqHuKM. C 30-x rogop XIII B. cBasp Me@7KXY 3alaqHbIMH MW BOCTOUHIMH BEH’paMH BOCCTAHAaBIUBAeTCA BHOBb. Beurepcxuit monax JOnman 8 1236 r. nyremectsosaa 10 Bocroqnoit Espone 4 BcrpeTHa BeHIpoB rye-TO IpHMepHO. Ha TeppuHTOpUM CcoBpe- Meno Bamxupuu “. Ora Beurpst BoocaexcTBUM OBI TIOPKUsHpO- Bau, OHH NepeHatM OaulKupcKuit ABbIK, OCTAaBMB B MOCueHeM u3- BecTHLI cy6crpat 1. OcranoBuMca creqvaibHO Ha BHACHCHUM MpOUCXOKTeHUA CIOBAa yepo. B pycckoit neronucu (JlaspentbescKuit cNMCOK) MBL GMTAeM: «Ilo cemb mpugoma Oyrpu Beamu... Cu 60 Oyrpu nogama GuiTH upu Paxaun ypu. . . Ilaxu ugoma Oyrpu Uepaun mumo Kues mocaene upu Onze...» Boapmuucrso uccaegonateneit noq yepanu beaumu MOHMMAaIT Xasap (HEKOTOpbiIe — ryHHos) !°, a nom yepamu vepromu — Tenepemmmux Majbap. [leiicrBure1bHo, BUsaHTHiicKMe MMCaTenM TacTO HasbiBaloT OHM MMeHeM TIOPKOASHIIHBIX Xazap U Mafbap (cp. Deo- cbaHa, KoTOpbIii Xasap Ha3bIBaeT BOCTOUHBIMM TIOPKaMM, MU NaTpuapxa Huronas Mucrukoca, ym. 8 925 r., KoTOpblit MaybAp HaBsbiBaeT Banay- BEIM TIOPKaMn). Pyccxaa aeronncs (1015 r., Jlasp. cnuc.) Kapnats HaaniBaer 20pa oyzopockaa. Ipeqnonaraior, 970 pyccKue BuepBEe NPUWAM B COMpHKOcHOBeHUe 13 Moln4r Erik. A magyar térsadalom térténete az dskortél az Arpaéd- korig. Budapest, 1945. 4 Cm.: C. A. AHHeHCKHH Vasectua o Tatapax XIII—XIV bp. — «Mctopnuecknit apxmp» III, 1940. 1 Cm. cratbi: J. Németh. Ungarische Stammesnamen bei den Ba- schkiren. — «Acta Linguisticay XVI. Wudapest, 1966, erp. 1 — 21, -- B KoTo- poit ropopuTcA O BeHTepCKHX Ha3BaHHAX pooB OamMKup B NoATBepw_eHHe TH- WoTeskl 0 BeHTepcKoit NpapoxMHe B BauKupuu; cm. Tanne: B. A.C e pe 6 pe x- uuKOB. K sonpocy o caasu OamKupcKoro AIHIKa C BeHrepcKuM. Ya, 196: 1° Haupumep: Hodinka A. Az orosz élkényvek magyar vonatkoza- sai. Budapest, 1916, crp. 34. 200© MaqbApaMa oKom0 Haqana IX 8.1’, a c aToro BpeMenM Toy yrpamn MOHMMAIOTCA yxKe MagbapsI. J[o sToro BpeMeRM y BOCTOUHBIX DuCaTe- aeii HaMMeHOBaHMe yeptt MHOrga O6o3HATatO M Apyrue HapomB. B na- crommjee BpeMA B 3anamqHoeBponedCKol BayKe TocHOACTByer MBeHHC 0 MpOuCxOKeHMM HasBaHHA MabAP — Yepbl, CBOMAMeecA K ToMy, ATO NepBOHATaAbHO STHM MMeHeM C1aBAHE HasbIBAIM KaKMe-TO TIOPK- ckne MueMeHa, C KOTOPSIMM Maf[bApH OHM, BeEpOATHO, B COIO3HHGe- CKHX OTHOWeRMAX, a Mo3kKe MepeneceHoO OHO O50 Ha Magbap 1. «CnaBAne MajbAp BiLloTS ZO cepeausn XIX B, nasHBann TaKMM uMeHeM (cp. NONBCK. wegrzyn, xem. uher, caBt. uhor, uher, cnowen. végar, vogrin, xopB. vugrin, ugrin, cepOck. ugar, qp.-pycck. yepune, MH. 4. yepe, yepu), BOSBOXMMEIM K oOmeit ocHOBHOM dopme (xzp-), KOTOpPOe@ MO?KHO OObACHHTS TONbKO TAKMM o6pasom, eciIM Mpeqnoso- KUM, UTO 9TO HasBaHMe Hapofa UMeOCh yrKe y CAAaBAK lO paccereHuA 3 TepBoHayabHOM poyuusl, T. e. eme fo VI B., B ABbIKe, Mpeycta- BIABUIICM elle H3BeCTHOe eMHCTBO. Orum MMeCHeM eCJIHHbIC CiaBAHe HaabiBasM TyYHHOB OXoeyp (OCHOBHaA chopMa onzyp), nose — Apyrue TakMe Haposb, KoTOpHle mpeObiBanM B paiione Uepxoro mops,’ Kas- kaa m Ypama. Tak focraaocb ato MMA TaK*Ke M MabApaM, KoTOpsIe Toke *UBaIM B 3TOM paitoHe» 1%, Cpenqu ryHHcKo-TIOPKCKMX MaeMeH, KoTopHe B V—IX sp. sacenanu HeKOTOpPOe BpeMA o6nactH loxKHO Poccnn u Wasee TeppuTOpan Me*KLY Zjonom, Uepxerm mopem, Kaskazom u Ypasom, MBI feicTBUTeIbHO HaxoyuM onxozyp (IIpuckoc, V B.), zyxyeyp (Mopgan, VI B.), yunoeyp (Saxapuii, VI B.), yxnyeyp (Deopunaxt, VII B.) mT. 4. ITO onoeyp MHOIHe UCCAexOBaTeAM CONOCTABIAAM C PyCcK. ypu, XOTA H Ges mHH- TBHCTHIeCcKOrO oObocHOBaHHA. B nocaequee ppema Benrepcxuit TopKonor JI. Hemer gan suHuren- crmgecKoe o6ocHoBaHHe aTOMY conocTaBueHMIO *. Ono saksodaeTcH B Cuenytoulem. Haspanve Hapofa onoeyp ABAAeTCA COCTaBRbIM Oysrapo- TIOPKCKMM CJIOBOM, MepBad 4acTb KoTOporo oGosHagaer ‘pecATs’, a Bropas, oeyp (c 6yarapo-TIOpKCKMM p BMeCTO 3 APyrUx TIOPKCKUX ABBIKOB), ABIACTCA HA3BAHHeEM M3BeECTHOFO TIOPKCKOFO Haposa o2y3. B waspanuu ozys (6yur.-riopk. ozyp) 3 (6yar.-TIOpK. p) ABIAeTCA yMeHbIIMTeAbALIM CyppuKcoM, a o2 OOosHadaert ‘cTpery (pox, Hema)’, TaK 970 6nyep U3 ONzyp (B TIOPKCKMX ABbIKAX B TPEXCHOHKHBIX CIOBAX raacublit cpequero cora MOKeT BbiNayaTb) OOo3sHayan0 ‘“LeCATb crpen’?, T. e. ‘qecaTb mmemen’. 7. Hemer cumraer oxzyp 3a opurMHad pycckKoro, BepHee CaBAH- 7 A.M. CoG6onescxkuit. Jlekyuu 00 ucTopum pycckoro AsHKa. M., 1907, erp. 20. 18 CM.: Papay. Yas. con; G. Weores. — «Suomen sukw. Hel- sinki, 1928, erp. 395. 1 Melic J. A honfoglaléskori magyarorszég. Budapest, 1925— 1929, crp. 13. to Németh G. On ogur, hét magyar. — «Kérési Csoma-Archivum» I, a TawxKe B «Magyar Nyelv» XVII. 201ckoro, K2ep-. Caapane (ani) ye B VB. MoraM 3HaTb 9TO HasBaHue TIOPKCKOTO Hapoga B LaHHOi sByKOBOi dopme. IlocpezcrBom TtaKoro UPeAMONOKCHHA MOHKHO TeTKO OOBACHMTE PasHooOpasHnle CMaBARCKHE HasBaHuA Mafbap (cuBy. yxop, CMOBeH. gozep MT. 0.). OTM mepe, no Muenuio JI. Hemera, 6n1mm uMeHHo Gyarapo-TiopKcKMe onyzyptt, KoTopHe oKHIH Mey Ypaxom—Kacnmem—HKapxaszom, moaxe — B okpecrHocrax AsoscKoro Mops. BrocneycTBuM ucdesn0 y BOcTOG- HEIX IMcaTesei HMA onyeyp (BEPOATHO, 3aMeHMJOCh yepes 6yszap), HO OHO COXpaHM0Ch y aHTOB-PyCCKUX M MepeHecmoch Ha Haposst, KOTOPEle KUM Ha WpexHeli TeppuTOpuN OHYryPoOB, a MMeHHO Ha xazap, a eme m037Ke — Ha CoBpeMeHHHIX Beurpos. JleiicTBuTe1bHO, BeATpHt Hekorya 2Ku1n Ha HyGauu (B V—VI Bs.), a B Hagane 1X B. — B oxpect- HocTax A30BCKOro MOpA, T. e. Ha TeppuTopuN, KoTopas y Geographus Ravennas o6oanagena yepe3 regio Onogoria (crpana Oxozopua). Cuapano-pycckoe xeop Monaso K BUsAHTHiaM, OTTYZa B WaTHH- CKHe MCTOUHUKM M BanaqHo-epponeitcKue asniKu (Ungri, Hungari, Ungar- 1 T. \.). CoppemenHoe pycckoe éen2p ABIACTCA CPaBRHTeIbHO TlO3QHMM 3aHMCTBOBaHWeM U3 NONBCKOFO ABbIKa (cm. BENE). Takoe, BecbMa crpoiiHoe, oObACHeHMe mpoMcxo*KeAMA caoBa yepoi—eenepu aet mpod. JI. Hemer. Cymecrsyer M Apyroe MHeHve B OTHOWMeHHH Tponcxompenua HaMMeHOBaRMA Yyepst, KoTOpoe cBORUTCA K cHe_yiomemy. Ca0Bo Yepbl TORMECTBEHHO C Hepa, KOTOPHIM HasbIBaIH PyccKMe WeTONUCH (raaBHEIM 06pa30M HOBrOposcKue) M HasbiBaloT Teneph KOMM-3bIPAHE oOcKUX yrpoB, T. e. XaHTLI HM MaHCH. ITO oTOMecTBIeRMe, pasy- MeeTcH, O6OCHOBAHO, KpoOMe BHeLMIHEFO CXOJCTBa COB, elle M TeM, 47o Maqbapst (yrpsl) H Hapome torpa (xaHTH M MaHCM) HaxoqATCA B O1M3KOM A3LIKOBOM poscTBe. Mexyy TeM, HECMOTPA Ra 9TOT BEChMa BeCkHit OBOL, ComocTaBrenMe Ha3sBaHui HapowoB yep mM wepa, He NHOAyGMBMee AO CHX NOP YAOBMeTBOPUTeABHOTO IMHTBUCTHIeCKOrO oOocHoBaHMA, B HaydHOM MMpe He ToMBayeTCA MONyAAPHOCTHIO, B oco6esHocTH mocae TOrO, Kak Onima BEABUHYTA BHIMenpuBeqeHHaA DTMMONOTMA TAKMX ABTOPUTeTABIX yIeHbIX, KaK J]. Hemer u A. Menux. Hamm fenaerca aqech monsITKa JaTb WHHTBUCTHGeCKOe OGoCHOBa- HHe 9TOTO CONOCTABeHHA Ha OCHOBAHMH HOBeMmUX nocTtwKenuit co- BeTCcKOii AMATBUCTUKM, UCTOPUM, apxeouOrMM UT. J. Tlpesye Bcero HaM KayKeTCA HeBePOATHHIM TO, ITO MOTyMecTBeH- HBIe aHTL (BOCTOGHEIe ClaBARe) TAK NoaqHo (IX B.) yaHamm 0 TAKOM 6ombUIOM M BOMHCTBEHHOM Hapoje, KaKOBBIM ABIANMCh MabApEI, 0 Hapoge, KoTopit 7o V—VI pp. H. 9. 2K He TAK yrKe aeKo OT po- WHI cuapan (rye-ro 3a Bonroit), ecmm jake cauTaTh 3a epBO- HaqaqbHyl0 posuny craBaH (fo paccenenus, Zo VI B.) «cesepxoe IIpu- Kapnatse, Oaccefiz Buca, upapbie uputoku IIpunaru, cpenHee Tloguenposse, Bepxuee teyexue Byra u J{necrpa» 7. Ham kaxkerca, 970 BocTOgHBe clapaHe ye BVI B., a MonKeT OnITE, 2 A.M. Ceaumes. Cnanaucioe asikosnanne, T. I. M., 1941, crp. 5. 202M pakbille, WpoHUKAM B Gomee BocTo4HDIe paiioHnt — Ha Jlon, B Bepx- nee tegenne Bonrn. Kime A. A. Ulaxmaros 2 npequonaran, ato «Bocrounopychl nepeman u3 JHeuposcKoro Gacceiina B Jloneyxuit, ocakuBanch no Cepeppomy Jlonyy u Ockony. .. Cpegororem Bo- croqHoit BerBu O11n Oacceiin cpequero Teyenua Jlouna u Jlona. Syech OHH C CeBepa HM BOCTOKa Ona OKPy?KCHbIL BOCTOUHO-PHHCKUMH mleMe- namu. Ha tore, k Asosckomy mu UepHomy mop, cujfemm Kouenne TIOpKcKue OpAbI U cpenm Hux BVI B.. . . ryacKue nsemena Kyrpury- pos u Yrpurypos; K TaKOMy MMe€HHKO MOMeHTY OTHOCHTCA TOKa3anue Busantuiiya Ipoxonua 0 Tom, sro K cenepy or Yrurypos cups Gec- gucueHubie 1emMena Autos». Hoxeiiume fannie copeTcKoit apxeono- THM NoATBepxKjaiT MHeHNe I[laxMaTopa 0 paHHeM NpoRUKHOReHMH ciaBAH (aHTOB) Ha BocTOK. OGsacTb pacupocrpanenun «ecuncaen- HEIX aHTCKHX ** oeMeH) UpocTMpawach Ha TeppvTOpuu secHOii moxoct or yerba JlyHasn Ha ceBepo-BocToK B HanpaBaenun Ha Kues, Uepuuros, Toarasy, Kypex u Boponex, npnyem vacru4no ocBoena Guia _u crenp *, «Copepmienuo GeccnopHo To, 4ro ¢ cepexMAE NepBoro TEHCAYeNe- THA H. 9... . OKOHYATeIBHO CKnagEIBaeTca B Bepxuem Iosomnse aBa OOMIMpHHX eTHUGeCKMX MaccuBa... O6uTarerm BepxHero TeqeHUA Boaru, 6e3 comuesun, UpUHafsexKanH K rpymue ceBepHEIX BOCTOTHO- cnapauckux usemen... Hacenenue sroporo paiiona (osepo Hepo u TInemeeso u Kocrpomckoe tegenue Boarn). 6es oco6six KomeGa- Hult Momer OnITB OTOMeCTBIeHO ¢ TeTOUMCHOI Mepeit» *, Cnapanckoe nacenenue sepxosbes Jona u Boarn ue morso He 3HaTb CBOMX BOCTOTHEIX cocefeii — duHHO-yropcKUx mseMeH, *KUBIIUX B paiione cpequero Tretenua Boaru u 3a Boaroit, u6o naposy Bocrowow Eppoust auKorfa He ObINM OTJeMeHHI Apyr or Apyra Ku- valickolt creHow, — AocTaTogHile ykasaBHA Ha 9TO AaloT JMATBHCTUKA W apxeonorua. Ha cpequei Boure, 70 uoABAeHuA Tam Gyarap, B I—VI bp. u. 2. HOMKAL OFLU KUTE PEAK MOPABEI M KOMU-yAMypToB, a 3a Bouroii, Te-To B paitone p. Benoit, — yropcKue Hapognl, T. e. UpeKM MaqbAp, MaHCH M XaHTH, ABIABIIMECA HEMOCpeACTBeHHEIMH COceAAMM OKOMM- YAMyPTcKux Usemen (upatiepman). B sTor uepwoy caaBane (aHTHI) He (KUM B HEMOCpeACTBEHHOM COceACTBe C yropCKUMM IeMeHaMU, — Mexkay anTamu Ha Jlony u yrpamu 3a Bosroit naxoqusucn, npanepMane (a Moet OsITh, HM MOPABa, CCAM TOKO OHA He *KMNa Bataquee). IIpu TakoM pasMemleHuN HapofOB CaBAHe-aHTH MOTIM y3HATb UMA 2 A, A. Ilaxmatos. Bsegenne B kype ucropum pyccKoro sana, I. Tir., 1916, erp. 50—52. 23 Bneppile HMA anm BCTpewaeTcA B rpeyeckHx HaguMcAx u3 Kepan III B. ac VI B, cxoguT co cTpaHMl ucTopmn. “5B. A. PaOakos. Ant mw Kuescxaa Pycp. — BAM 1939, NM 1, erp. 322. 11. H. Tperbaxos. It ucropux naeme Bepxuero Mosomxna B epBom TbcAYeeTHH H. 9. M., 1941, erp. 90—97. 203yrpos depes upesKoB yAMypToB # KoMU (panepmaH) B IV—V Bp. nan fake elje paHbile. Vimeerca oamoyKHocTh yaTb AMHrBUCTHYecKUe oGocHoBaHHe OTORKAecTBIeHMIO HasBannit HapogzoB yepei (Ap.-pyccK. Arpe) u oepa (kom tdepa). B jpepnekoMH sabiKe, paBHO Kak HM B OOujenepM- CKOM, CyMlecTBOBAM, KpOMe OTKPBITHX TacHHX cpeAHerO los beMa e, 0, 6(6), TakKe 3akpbITHe (cpeqHe-BepxHero MoybeMa) riacHBle £, 9, 9. Hac murepecyior 3gech saxpnrsii naduanmsoBannnit rnac- Hi 6, HanoMuHaloui Hem, & uM coxpanuBmulica Wo cuxX nop B KOMH-A3bBHHCKOM J(MalleKTe, KOTOPOMy COOTBeTCTByeT B J\pyrux KOMM QUaeKTaX MW YJMypTCKOM ABsHIKe O6sIYHO 6°, Cymecrsopanue storo 3aKpsiToro 6(6) Mbl upeyuonaraeM B KOMH- BBIPAHCKOM cloBe UWéz-pa (Tak HasbiBalOT KOMM MaHCuiileR mM XaH- THiineB), NepBylo YacTh KOTOpOroO (Wée-) MBI COlOCTaBAAeM C KOMH- yaMypTcKum cnopom tye (KOMM-A3bBUHCK, jOg-) c NepBoHayaNbHLiM 3Hayenvem ‘cBeTubiii, OnectaMMii’ Mm BO3BOAMM K ApeBneit mopme c 3aKpniTHM 6(¢) jég-ra. Hoxsropogys, ysnapmmue o Bapope twepa oT Komu oxo0 XI B.’, nepeqaaM aTO BaKpHITOe G 4epes y (iiyepa), Tora Kak 9TO Ae COBO B KOMH A3HIKe COXPaHHIOCh CO 3BYKOM 6 (uéepa < * jggra). mpanepMCKOM AB3bIKe MpoOMs0Ma jenasalh3annA couerannit ~He-, -HO- MT. a, T. @ HOcCOBOH cormacHblit wcy4e3, COXPaHUBINHCh B Wpyrux MnHO-yropckux A3HKaX, KpOMe BeHTepcKoro (cp, KOMM Gyeviab ‘rnasnoe Adn0KO’, ocr, pong)**. Msi npeanosaraem, 4TO B TO BpeMA, KOrfa fOKOMM-yAMypTBI (NpalepMAHe) »KunM Ha cpeguelt Bosre u B Hu30BbAX Kamu, Ha3sBanve yIrpOB 3By4all0 B JOKOMH- YAMypTckux jManexTax spose “jong-ra, Dra mopma caona nocay- 7KHIa OPHTHHAOM JIA 3aMMCTBOBaHHA CJlaBAHaMM Ha3BanHA yrop- CKMX HapoyoB: mpanepm, “jéngra>>cnas. *imesp-, 3aTem B pyc- CKOM sAabiKe ele fo XI B, «HavabHoe % OTManO Kak Mepes, cTaphiM y, Tak M Nepex y M3 0 HOCOBOrO» (cT.-cnaB, xa—tiyzxa, pyc. yxa, cT.-cnaB. t0oy, pyccK. yOoi u ap.) Takum o6pa30M, gpeBHepyccKoe HasBaHwe BeHTpOB yzp- u3 *xeop- (<*dxeop-)™, aerommcHoe joepa (HasBanue Mancuiines u % BM. iutKkun. Mcropmueckuit soxannam nepmcxux aanxos. M., 1964, erp. 140—152. 27 TlyTs B wrpy, KoTOpad B TO BpeMA 2KMa, 10-BUAMMOMY, TaKxKe m Ha Ile- yope, Upoxeran yepes TeppuTopu BbyerogcKax Komu (I. C. JI TK HH, Supsnckuit Kpait. CII6., 1889. Bsegenne). 28 Cm., nanpumep: Lak6 Gyérgy. A magyar hangdllomény finnugor elézményei. Budapest, 1965, crp. 36—38. 20H. JL ypHo8o. Ovepk ncropum pyccKoro sasha. M., 1924, § 173. 90 B mabike MpeQKOB BOCTOYHHIX CABAH HaYaNbHoe % LOWKHO OHIO OTMACTh AO HCYC3HOBeCHHA HOCOBHIX racHEIX, [0 TOTO MOMeHTa, KOIja HMA MabAp (mep-) 6s1n0 nepeqaxo MpeqKaMM nocTOUNUX CHABAH samlaqHAIM Hapoam (B TOM auCMTe Mi 3allaabIM Mf 10/KHBIM C1aBAHaM). A HeEOOXOMMMOCTE B 9TOM HasBaHUM Ha sallaye NOABMaCh TOAbKO TOra, Kora TaM NOABMMCh BeHTpH (IX B.). B To BpeMA Kora Bewrpsl *nIM Ha Boctoke, npeqKM 3alafHbIX M IOOKHHIX ClaBAH He 3HaJh 204XanTetiines) HM COBpeMeCHHOe KOMH-3bIPAHCKOe HAa3BaHHe MancHitues M XanTatiiges Uoepa equHoro npoucxowgenna. Mx apyKosoe Bappu- poBanue BHolHe OObACHHMO dboHeETMYeCKMMM M3MeHeEHMAMM NepMCKMX (kKomU H YAMYypTcKoro) HM (peBHepyccKOrO A3bIKOB: CJIOBO -yep (43 Rep-) M toepa pycCCKMMH OBI 3aHMCTBOBAHEI U3 NepMCKHX ASBI- KOB B pa3HOe BpeMA HM oTo6paxkalor pasHyto cTaqulo pasbuTHA o6ujenepmcKoro “jgngra: upauepm, *jongra>ap.-Komu *jégra>> coBppem, Koma udepa ¥ up.-pycck, *tmep-> *mep-> yep-} repa. B ocnope apessepyccKoro sTHOHMMa H2pa JeKUT MMeHO ApeBue- KOMM qbopma *jongra c 3aKpHITHM JadMaIH30BaNHEIM riacHbM (Q), HafloMunatommm Hem. “2, a He opMa cOBpeMenHoro KOMM A3HIKa c 6(¢)—c HenaOwanM30BaHHbIM rlacHbIM cpequero pata cpequero noybema. CoppemesHoe Kom wdepa mepegzanoch Ob B pyccKOM ABhlKe B Bue éepa (ioepa) unm ezpa (tsepa)*!, HO He wepa, Uro xe yomKHO 640 O603HauaTb B MipanepMcKUX jManeKTax cnoso *jgngra? Tlowemy sro HasBanne Opi10 mpwypoueno K yrop- ckHM maemenam? Ha sror sonpoc jaet Achsii oTBeT cemMauTUKa cnopa jéng-, Mepemegmero B COBpeMeHHBIX KOMH HM YyMyPTCKOM figbikax B tye ‘cpeTanii’, ITO c10BO B JOKOMM-yAMyPTCKAX jMa- “ekTax oOo3Hauano ‘Gens’, ‘cBeranit’, tT. e, pexy Benyw. Bropan yacTh copa -ra (jgngra— jugra) moraa oGosHayaTL meppoHagyanbHo ‘Bonra’, a moTom ‘peka’ Boobme. leitcraurexbHo, y rpeyeckux mucaterei Bonra nasnBaetca Pa (y Ironomea — Ra, y Mapusanenyca — Ra, y Arademepoca — Ras). Iro0 cxoBo cono- ctapasaiwoT c Mopg. Pae, Paso, Paea ‘Boura’, ‘peka’ (m0-BuyuMoMy, OHO CyllecTBOBaO HM B UpalepMCKOM ABBIKe) H CaMTAaIOT CTAapbIM dunno-yropcKuM croBom *, B arom cayqae coppemenxoe GallkupcKoe HasBanne p. Benoit Ax-Hdeav ‘Genan Boara’, “Oenan peka’ aBaneTCA OyKBaJbHBIM MepeBowOM C MpatepMcKoro A3bIKa Ha TIOpKCKHit 9, B V—VI ss. Bexrpos (MBI tpeqmonaraem, 4YTO qacTbh BeHrpoB) Raxogat yxe na Hy6anu. He uckatoyena BO3MO?KHOCTb, ITO aBTHI, HaabiBaBlMe IpPeAKOB MayEAp Aepe U3 *iiRz2pe, NepeHECAM 9TO HasBa- He C MaQ{bAP Ha TIOPKOB, *KMBIIMX afech Mo cocexcrBy, a BIOocaey- CTBUM 9TO MMA Tonao MB TpeqecKHe MCTOTHUKH B Bue onozyp (IIpu- cxoc, V B.), yxnozyp (3axapuit, VIB.) ur. 4. Uro Kacaerca TOMKOBa- sTOrO Hapofa. Takum oOpas0M, COBO dxep- mMexo oOmecmaBABcKy!o dopMy, HO ObITOBaIO B MepBoe BPeMA TOALKO Y BOCTOYHOM YACTH CaBAHCTBA; K \PYTuM CiaBAHAM OHO NoMa yoke WOCHe OTMAa_eHMA HayaTbHOTO w. % Jalo K. Syrjanisches Lehngut im Russischen. — FUF XVII, erp. 12. 82 J, Mikkola. Der Name Wolga. — FUF XX, crp. 125—126. 83 «TiopKcKue MeMena paHbule suai HWKHee HU cpeAHee TeYeHue Bomrn To, HMeHeM Amuav, Imuav, Hmuav. Bepxuee TexeHue uM OnINO HeH3BeCTHO; co BpemMeHH ocHoBanHA Byasrapckoro napcTsa Kamy cumtamu 3a BepxHee Teye- uve Mrmab, tak ato Kamy emje Telleph B YyBallICKOM A3HKe HashiBaloT Surs-Adsl ‘Oenaa Bonra’. Uypucu we auaet pelictsuTenbHoro BepxHero TeyeHnA Boaru, HO 3HaeT TOMBKO Kamy, KoTOpan y Hero HasHiBaeTcA Amuaw (J. Mikkola, Yuas. cow, erp. 125—126). 205HUA OH-ozyp Kak ‘WeCATL crpen’, TO eo HYiKHO OTHECTH Ha CueT Hapon- Holt THMONOrUM TIOPKoB. Bo BcAKOM Culydae MALOeBponeduL (10 Kpait- Heii Mepe, aHTb) BCTpeTHIMCL C yrpo-pMHCKMMU OeMeHaMK Tropasyqo paHbule, ¥eM C TIOpKamH. IIpu nameit srumonornu cuoBa yep- HanpalMBaercA pemnonone- HHe © TOM, FTO COBO Gexvui B BLIPAaKeHUM AeTONMCHAa «oMAOMA yrpu Oem MMeeT OTHOWeHMe K HasBaHHIO TeppuTopuu no p. Benoit, & CUe€MOBaTeNbHO, K Wpef{KaM BeHTPOB, GaCTb KOTOPbIX, NO-BHAMMOMY, BXOAMNa B COCTaB TYHHCKUX OPH, NOABMBUINXCA B IOrKHO Poccnu B IV 8. He caysaiino c sToro BpeMeHu NoABAAIOTCA MaybapH Ha Ky- OaHM — Basu oT MperkHeit poquunt (cM. BEnue). [lo-BH_HMOMy, YacTb MaJbAP B OOlleM NoTOKe NepeceneHUA HaposOB OTOPBasach oT Uper- Heit pofunn (B paiione p. Benoit) u, WBuraAch B 3amaQqHOM HM 1oro-3a- TlaqHOM HalpaBJeHuu, OCcTurima Ky6aun, a M3BeCTHaA YacTbh Doma BMeCTe C TYHHAMM labile Ha gallag, pasfqeaaA cynbOnI mocme_HUX. Takum oOpasom, pycck. yepel, jwepa u Komu wdepa ABIAeTCA ApeBHEM KOMH-" ‘YAMYPTCKUM CHOBOM C TepBOHaYaJibHbIM 3HadeHHeM cperaaa (Geman) peka’, KoTOpoe uepBoHadabHO 3ByyaoO Bpore *igngra, OTuM CNOBOM Ha3hlBalach peka Benasa MIM, OnITE MOKET, Hama *+, Pycckue saucTonaim 9TO ca0B0 B pasHoe BpeMA B BUTE yep (< “*Rop- << imep-) M toepa. Tiopkcxme Hapogsl, UpuMequMe Ha oTy TeppuTopuio nose, SyK- BaJILHO MepeBeNM 9TO Ha3BaHMe peKH Ha CBO AsHIK: Gam. Ax-Hdead, uynam. Surd-Adél ‘Benaa Bonra’, ‘Benas pera’. Tlo HasBanMio peKH TOxyaHaM HAaMMeHOBaHMe M MeMeHa, *KUBUIME no sro pexe. Komu-yamyptcKoe cm0Bo gepes pyccKMx (caBAR) IIpOHHKJNO Ha 3alay, M cTaio oOo3HadaTb yrpos (cp. PUHHO-yropcKHe ABHIKK — Yyepel, eexepo; Hem. Ungarn ut. 9.) *. 34 He uckaioyena BosMorKHOCTS, 470 HaaBanue p. Kamal aBnaeros xanmuii- CKUM CJOBOM ¢ TeM 2Ke SHAYeHMeM, YTO H wepa: cp. XAHT. xax ‘CBETABI, Mpospay- unctuii? (H. Paasonon. Ostjakisches Wérterbuch. Helsingfors, 1926, crp. 25). Ha repputopua npeOsBanna o6cKux yrpoB HepesKo BCTpeyaeTCA waapanne pexu Kaw, nanpumep: Kan — uputox p. Kouau, Kan-wop — upu- Tox p. Aaspat (Kpachosmumepcxmit p-x Hepmcx. 061.) ut. A. Cuenyer oSpatars BHUMAHHe TalvKe Ha TO, YTO HeKOTOpHe HapozH Boctounoli Espons (HanpaMep, uypamm) Hasupaiot Kamy Besow Boaroit. % Hapof, saHuMalon{uit MpoMexyTOWHy!0 TeppuTOpHIO Me*KLY ABYMA [py- THUMM HapoflaMH, YacTO ABJIAeTCA NepewaTHHKoM oTHOHUMA. Hanpumep, Mapuiinsr, RUBIIME Me*KAY PYCCKMMM WM Y/AMYpTaMH, NepeyauH pyccKuM HasBaHHe yAMyp- TOB: CaMOHa3BaHMe yMypToB yd-mypm (mypm ‘4enoBek’); y- (< *od0) > Mapuiicx. oto- ‘yqmypt’ > pycck. (a XV—XVII BB.) eoman, omar, somun, omux (KOpeHb som-—om-; Mapniicx. 5 > pycckK. m) > RopeBomNMoHHOe pyc- cKoe HagBaHMe YAMYpTOB eomax, eomcxuil c IpoTeTHuecKUM 6 (Cp. PYCCK. o«vza— soavza); cM. «BOmpocet Mapitiickoro staKOaHannAy. Hommap-Oza, 1964, crp. 61; «Bonpocss dunxo-yropexoro sauxosnanus IV. Voxencr, 1967, rp. 302—306. Haspannme pycckmx mepMckve HapodLi (KOM 1 yaMy prs) BauMCTBOBAIN OT NpuOantuickux PUHHOB, *MBUINX K Batayy OT NepMAH B HeMocpeACTBeH- NOM coceAcTBe ¢ HoBropojuamm: npu6ant.-pun. *pdmce- > obmenepm. *pow > KOMM pow, yam. 3y (cM., nanpumep: B. M. Jluttx ux. Wctopmuecknit Bo- kamMaM nepMcKux aaixon. M., 1864, erp. 61).