General Skills Mohmmad T.

Obeidat Module 1

Module 1 – Introduction into communication

 By studying effective communication, we can find better ways of dealing with

those people who are important in our lives: those people we work with, study
with, and live with.
.‫ وﺑﻧﻌﯾش ﻣﻌﮭم‬,‫ ﺑﻧدرس ﻣﻌﮭم‬,‫ زي اﻟﻲ ﺑﻧﺷﺗﻐل ﻣﻌﮭم‬,‫ﻋن طرﯾﻖ دراﺳﺔ اﻟﺗواﺻل اﻟﻔﻌﺎل ﺑﻧﻼﻗﻲ طرق اﺣﺳن ﻣﺷﺎن ﻧﺗﻌﺎﻣل ﻣﻊ اﻟﻧﺎس اﻟﻣﮭﻣﯾن ﺑﺣﯾﺎﺗﻧﺎ‬-

• Communication defined ‫ﺗﻌرﯾف اﻟﺗواﺻل‬

 Communication means different things to different people.
‫ اﻟﺗواﺻل ﻣﻌﻧﺎه ﺑﺧﺗﻠف ﻣن ﺷﺧص ﻵﺧر‬-

 For a supervisor on a job, it’s a way of making sure that the job get accomplished.
To those who love us, it is a way of maintaining the relationship. To friends and
co-worker, it is the tool that helps us get along.
‫ وﻟﻸﺻدﻗﺎء واﻟزﻣﻼء اﻟﺗواﺻل‬.‫ ﻟﻼﺷﺧﺎص اﻟﻲ ﺑﺣﺑوﻧﺎ اﻟﺗواﺻل طرﯾﻘﺔ ﻟﻠﺣﻔﺎظ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬.‫ اﻟﻣﺷرف ﻋﻠﻰ وظﯾﻔﺔ اﻟﺗواﺻل طرﯾﻘﺔ ﻹﺗﻣﺎم اﻟﻌﻣل‬-

.‫ﻋﺑﺎرة ﻋن طرﯾﻘﺔ ﻟﻠﺗﻌﺎﯾش واﻟﺗﻔﺎھم‬

 Communication is defined as the process of sending and receiving messages.

‫ُﻌرف ﻛﻌﻣﻠﯾﺔ إرﺳﺎل وإﺳﺗﻘﺑﺎل اﻟرﺳﺎﺋل‬
‫ اﻟﺗواﺻل ﯾ ﱠ‬-

 Effective communication involves understanding the information and the

shared understanding of the feelings, thoughts, wants, needs and intentions of
the communicators, which may NOT be clearly expressed in words
‫ واﻟﺣﺎﺟﺎت وﻧواﯾﺎ اﻟﻣﺗﺣدّﺛﯾن اﻟﻲ ﻣرات ﻣﺎ‬,‫ اﻟرﻏﺑﺎت‬,‫ اﻷﻓﻛﺎر‬,‫ اﻟﺗواﺻل اﻟﻔﻌّﺎل ﯾﺗﺿﻣن ﻓﮭم اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت وﺗﻔﺎھم ﻣﺷﺗرك ﻟﻠﻣﺷﺎﻋر‬-
.‫ﺑﻛون ﻣﻌﺑّر ﻋﻧﮭﺎ ﺑطرﯾﻘﺔ ﻣﻧﯾﺣﺔ ﻣن ﺧﻼل اﻟﻛﻠﻣﺎت‬

• Functions of Communication ‫ وظﺎﺋف اﻟﺗواﺻل‬-

 Practical functions. ‫ وظﺎﺋف ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ‬-

 Buying food, securing a job, and maintaining our health and safety.
.‫ ﻣﺛل ﺷراء اﻟطﻌﺎم وﺗﺄﻣﯾن وظﯾﻔﺔ واﻟﺣﻔﺎظ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﺣﺗﻧﺎ وﺳﻼﻣﺗﻧﺎ‬,‫ﻧﺗواﺻل ﻛﻲ ﻧﺣﻘﻖ ﻏﺎﯾﺎت ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ‬ -

 Social needs. ‫اﺣﺗﯾﺎﺟﺎت إﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬

 We often communicate for the pleasure of communication.
 Communication also enables us to meet others, demonstrate ties,
maintain friendships, and build intimate relationships.
.‫ اﻟﺣﻔﺎظ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺻداﻗﺎت وﺑﻧﺎء اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎت اﻟﺣﻣﯾﻣﺔ‬,‫ اﻟﺗواﺻل ﯾﻣﻛﻧﻧﺎ ﻣن اﻟﺗﻌرف ﻋﻠﻰ اﻵﺧرﯾﻧﺷرح ﻧﻘﺎط اﻟﺻﻠﺔ‬,‫ ﻧﺣن ﻧﺗواﺻل اﺣﯾﺎﻧﺎ ﻟﻣﺗﻌﺔ اﻟﺗواﺻل ﻓﻘط‬-

 Decision making functions. ‫اﻟﻘرار إﺗﺧﺎذ‬

 Communication can and should help us to make better the decisions we
make.
‫ اﻟﺗواﺻل ﯾﺳﺎﻋدﻧﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ اﺗﺧﺎذ ﻗرارات أﻓﺿل‬-

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 Personal growth functions. ‫اﻟﻧﻣو اﻟﺷﺧﺻﻲ‬

 Communication can be seen as the primary means of intellectual,
emotional, social and psychological success.
.‫ واﻟﻧﻔﺳﻲ‬,‫ اﻹﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬,‫ اﻟﻌﺎطﻔﻲ‬,‫ اﻟﺗواﺻل ﯾُرى ﻛﻌﻧﺻر رﺋﯾﺳﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻧﺟﺎح اﻟذھﻧﻲ‬-

• Communication Process model ‫ﻧﻣوذج ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ اﻟﺗواﺻل‬

1. Sender/Receiver. ‫اﻟﻣرﺳل واﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘﺑل‬
 We send and receive messages simultaneously. U U

‫ ﻧرﺳل وﻧﺳﺗﻘﺑل اﻟرﺳﺎﺋل ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔس اﻟوﻗت‬-

2. Encoding. ‫ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ اﻟﺗﺷﻔﯾر‬
 Changing ideas into symbols.
‫ ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ ﺗﺣوﯾل اﻷﻓﻛﺎر ﻟرﻣوز‬-
3. Decoding. ‫ ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ ﻓك اﻟﺗﺷﻔﯾر‬-
 Assigning meaning to the symbols so they can be understood
‫ ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ رﺑط ﻣﻌﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﻠرﻣوز ﻟﯾﻣﻛن ﻓﮭﻣﮭﺎ‬-
4. Message. ‫اﻟرﺳﺎﻟﺔ‬
 The message is the idea, thought , feeling, or opinion to be communicated.
.‫ أو اﻟرأي اﻟﻣراد ﻧﻘﻠﮫ‬,‫ اﻟﺷﻌور‬,‫ اﻟرﺳﺎﻟﺔ ھﻲ اﻟﻔﻛرة‬-
5. Channel. ‫ﻗﻧﺎة اﻟﺗواﺻل‬
 The line through which messages travel from sender to receiver.
 face- to- face communication is carried by sound and light waves.
‫ اﻟرﺳﺎﺋل ﺗﻧﺗﻘل ﻋن‬,‫ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺗواﺻل اﻟﻲ ﺑﻛون وﺟﮫ ﻟوﺟﮫ‬.‫ اﻟﻘﻧﺎة ھﻲ اﻟﺧط اﻟذي ﯾﻧﺗﻘل ﻣن ﺧﻼﻟﮫ اﻟرﺳﺎﺋل ﻣن اﻟﻣرﺳل ﻟﻠﻣﺳﺗﻘﺑل‬-
‫طرﯾﻖ اﻟﻣوﺟﺎت اﻟﺻوﺗﯾﺔ واﻟﺿوﺋﯾﺔ‬

6. Feedback. ‫اﻟﺗﻐذﯾﺔ اﻟراﺟﻌﺔ‬

 The receiver’s response to the message and indicates how the receiver
feels about the message or the sender.
. ْ‫ أواﻟﻣُرْ ِﺳل‬,‫ وﺑﺗدل ﻛﯾف ﯾﺷﻌر اﻟ ُﻣ ْﺳﺗَ ْﻘ ِﺑل ﺣول اﻟرﺳﺎﻟﺔ‬,‫ اﻟﺗﻐذﯾﺔ اﻟراﺟﻌﺔ ھﻲ رد اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘﺑل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟرﺳﺎﻟﺔ‬-
7. Context. ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎق‬
 Two factors affect what we say and how we say something
1. The social context deals with the relationship between the sender
and the receiver.
‫ اﻻﺷﻲ اﻟﻲ ﺑﺗﺣﻛﯾﮫ وﻛﯾف ﺑﺗﺣﻛﯾﮫ رح ﯾﺗﻐﯾر ﺑﻧﺎﺋﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻊ ﻣﯾن ﺑﺗﺣﻛﻲ‬,‫ اﻟﻌﺎﻣل اﻹﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ ﯾﻌﺗﻣد ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﯾن اﻟﻣرﺳل واﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘﺑل‬-

2. The physical context will dictate what you say and how you say it ;
.‫ ﺣﻛﯾك رح ﯾﺗﻐﯾر ﻟو ﻛﻧت ﺑﺎﻟﺑﯾت او ﺑﺎﻟﺷﻐل‬,‫ اﻟﻌﺎﻣل اﻟﺟﺳدي ﺑدل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷو رح ﺗﺣﻛﻲ وﻛﯾف رح ﺗﺣﻛﯾﮫ‬-

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• Noise ‫اﻟﺿﺟﺔ‬
 Noise is any interference that prevents shared understanding.
.‫ اﻟﺿﺟﺔ ھﻲ أي ﻣﻌﯾﻖ ﯾﻣﻧﻊ اﻟﺗﻔﺎھم اﻟﻣﺷﺗرك‬-
 Types of Noise ‫أﻧواع اﻟﺿﺟﺔ‬

1- Internal Noise ‫اﻟﺿﺟﺔ اﻟداﺧﻠﯾﺔ‬

 Internal noise includes our attitudes, opinions, and beliefs toward what’s
being said, as well as who is saying it. U

.‫ ﻗد ﺗﻣﻧﻊ ﻓﮭﻣﻧﺎ ﻟﻶﺧرﯾن‬.‫ وﻣن ﯾﻘوﻟﮫ‬,‫اﻟﺿﺟﺔ اﻟداﺧﻠﯾﺔ ﺗﺗﺿﻣن ﺗﺻرﻓﺎﺗﻧﺎ وآراﺋﻧﺎ وﻣﻌﺗﻘداﺗﻧﺎ ﺣول ﻣﺎ ﯾُﻘﺎل‬-

 Our intrapersonal communication( the dialogues which occur inside our heads)
is often a source of disruptive internal noise.
‫ ﺗﻔﻛﯾرﻧﺎ )اﻟﺻوت اﻟﻲ ﺑﻛون ﺑﻌﻘﻠﻧﺎ( ھو ﻋﺎدة ً ﻣﺻدر ﻟﻠﺿﺟﺔ اﻟداﺧﻠﯾﺔ‬-

 Internal noise is affected by our self concept, how we feel ,and what we
expect. Daydreaming is the most obvious form of internal noise interfering
with communication. Preoccupation with personal problems may be another
form of internal noise
‫ اﻹﻧﺷﻐﺎل ﻣﻊ‬,‫ أﺣﻼم اﻟﯾﻘظﺔ ھﻲ اوﺿﺢ ﺷﻛل ﻟﻠﺿﺟﺔ اﻟداﺧﻠﯾﺔ اﻟﻲ ﺑﺗﺗﻌﺎرض ﻣﻊ اﻟﺗواﺻل‬.‫ واﯾش ﺑﻧﺗوﻗﻊ‬,‫ ﻛﯾف ﺑﻧﺷﻌر‬,‫اﻟﺿﺟﺔ اﻟداﺧﻠﯾﺔ ﺗﺗﺄﺛر ﺑﺷﺧﺻﯾﺗﻧﺎ‬-
.‫ﻣﺷﻛﻼت ﺷﺧﺻﯾﺔ ھﻲ ﻛﻣﺎن ﺷﻛل آﺧر ﻟﻠﺿﺟﺔ اﻟداﺧﻠﯾﺔ‬

2- External Noise ‫اﻟﺿﺟﺔ اﻟﺧﺎرﺟﯾﺔ‬

 External noise deals with the noise in the environment: other voices, airplanes
overhead, buzzing machines, and so on; it most often affects our interpersonal
communication- our communication between people which is “personal”.
‫ ﻋﺎدة ﻣﺎ ﺑﺗﺄﺛر ﻋﻠﻰ‬.‫ ﻣﺛﻼ أﺻوات اﻟﻧﺎس وأﺻوات اﻟطﺎﺋرات وأﺻوات اﻵﻻت‬,‫ ھﻲ اﻷﺻوات اﻟﻲ ﺑﺗﻛون ﺑﺑﯾﺋﺔ اﻟﺗواﺻل‬,‫اﻟﺿﺟﺔ اﻟﺧﺎرﺟﯾﺔ‬-
‫ﻣﺣﺎدﺛﺎﺗﻧﺎ اﻟﺷﺧﺻﯾﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻶﺧري‬
 This type is more obvious than internal noise and is easier to deal with.

‫ ھﺎﻟﻧوع ﻣن اﻟﺿﺟﺔ أﻛﺛر وﺿوﺣﺎ ﻣن اﻟﺿﺟﺔ اﻟداﺧﻠﯾﺔ وأﺳﮭل ﻟﻠﺗﻌﺎﻣل ﻣﻌﺎه‬-

3- Semantic Noise ‫اﻟﺿﺟﺔ اﻟﻠﻐوﯾﺔ‬
 Semantic noise occurs when sender and receiver have different meaning for
the words and gestures they use.
.‫ اﻟﺿﺟﺔ اﻟﻠﻐوﯾﺔ ﺑﺗﺻﯾر ﻟﻣﺎ ﯾﻛون ﻟﻠﻣرﺳل واﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘﺑل ﻣﻌﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﺔ ﻟﻠﻛﻠﻣﺎت واﻟﺣرﻛﺎت اﻟﻲ ﺑﺳﺗﺧدﻣوھﺎ ﺑﻌﻣﻠﯾﺔ اﻟﺗواﺻل‬-

 Semantic noise occurs when technicians and lay people communicate.

‫ اﻟﺿﺟﺔ اﻟﻠﻐوﯾﺔ ﺑﺗﺻﯾر ﻟﻣﺎ اﻟﻧﺎس اﻟﺗﻘﻧﯾن ﯾﺗﻌﺎﻣﻠو ﻣﻊ اﻟﻧﺎس اﻟﻌﺎدﯾﯾن‬-

 Also, we must be careful with the gestures we use when communicating in a

cross-cultural setting.
‫ﻻزم ﻧﻛون ﺣذرﯾن ﻋﻧد اﺳﺗﺧدام اﻟﺣرﻛﺎت ﻟﻣﺎ ﻧﺗواﺻل ﻣﻊ ﻧﺎس ﻣن ﺛﻘﺎﻓﺎت أﺧرى‬-

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• How can we control those noises? ‫ﻛﯾف ﯾﻣﻛﻧﻧﺎ اﻟﺗﺣﻛم ﺑﺎﻟﺿﺟﺔ؟‬

 In some cases the only thing to do is to turn up the powers of concentration. In
the case of internal noise, for example, being aware of the topics and words
that send you reeling is a preventive step.
‫ ﻛوﻧك ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻠم ﺑﺎﻟﻣواﺿﯾﻊ واﻟﻛﻠﻣﺎت اﻟﻲ‬,‫ ﻟﻠﺿﺟﺔ اﻟداﺧﻠﯾﺔ‬,‫ اﻟﺷﻲء اﻟوﺣﯾد اﻟﻣﻣﻛن ﻓﻌﻠﮫ ھو زﯾﺎدة اﻟﺗرﻛﯾز‬,‫ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻌض اﻟﺣﺎﻻت‬-
.‫ﺑﺗﺧﻠﯾك ﺗﺷوف اﻟدﯾك أرﻧب ﺧطوة ﻋﻼﺟﯾﺔ‬
 For external noise, turning off noises, tuning them out, or asking others to
speak up increase the chance of understanding considerably.
.‫ ﺧطوات ﻣﺷﺎن ﻧزﯾد ﻓرص اﻟﺗﻔﺎھم اﻟﻣﺷﺗرك‬,‫ طﻠب اﻵﺧرﯾن اﻧﮭم ﯾﻌﻠوا ﺻوﺗﮭم‬,‫ إطﻔﺎء اﻷﺻوات‬,‫ ﻟﻠﺿﺟﺔ اﻟﺧﺎرﺟﯾﺔ‬-

 For semantic noise, being aware that people may have different meanings for
the same words is a beginning. Using questions and paraphrasing to clarify
meanings and confirm understanding can minimize semantic noise.
‫ ﻛﻣﺎن ﻻزم ﺗﺳﺗﺧدم‬.‫ ﻣﻌرﻓﺗك اﻧﮫ اﻟﻧﺎس ﯾﻣﻛن ﯾﻛون ﻋﻧدھﺎ ﻣﻌﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﺔ ﻟﻛﻠﻣﺔ وﺣدة ھﻲ ﺧطوة ﻋﻼﺟﯾﺔ‬,‫ ﻟﻠﺿﺟﺔ اﻟﻠﻔظﯾﺔ‬-
.‫اﻻﺳﺋﻠﺔ وإﻋﺎدة اﻟﺻﯾﺎﻏﺔ ﻣﺷﺎن ﺗوﺿﺢ اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻧﻲ وﺗﺄﻛد اﻟﺗﻔﺎھم اﻟﻣﺷﺗرك‬

• Communication Climate ‫ﻣﻧﺎخ اﻟﺗواﺻل‬

 Good communication does not just happen. Effective communication happens
when the people involved work to create a climate of openness, honesty, and
respect for one another.
.ً‫ﻟﺑﻌﺿﮭم ﺑﻌﺿﺎ‬ ‫ اﻟﺗواﺻل اﻟﻔﻌﺎل ﺑﺻﯾر ﻟﻣﺎ اﻟﻧﺎس اﻟﻣﺷﺗرﻛﯾن ﯾﻌﻣﻠواﻣﻧﺎخ وﺟو ﻣن اﻹﻧﻔﺗﺎح واﻟﺻدق واﻹﺣﺗرام‬.‫ اﻟﺗواﺻل اﻟﺟﯾد ﻣﺎ ﺑﺻﯾر ھﯾك‬-

 Effective communication happens when the people involved act to minimize

the breakdowns that are likely to occur.
‫ اﻟﺗواﺻل اﻟﻔﻌﺎل ﺑﺻﯾر ﻟﻣﺎ اﻟﻧﺎس اﻟﻣﺷﺗرﻛﯾن ﯾﺣﺎوﻟوا ﯾﻘﻠﻠوا ﻋدد اﻟﻔﻘﺳﺎت اﻟﻲ ﻣﻣﻛن ﺗﺻﯾر‬-

Video Summary
1- What’s a key to becoming a great conversationalist?
 The key is to pause before replying, a short pause of 3-5 seconds after a person stops talking.

2- What are the 3 goals you accomplish when you pause?

 You avoid the risk of interrupting
 You show the other person that you’re giving careful consideration into his or her words.
 You hear the other person better, his or her words will soak into a deeper level in your mind.

3- How do you mark yourself as a great conversationalist?

 By pausing.

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General Skills Mohmmad T. Obeidat Module 1

4- What’s another way to become a great conversationalist other than pausing?

 -Questioning for clarification.

5- You should always assume what the other person is trying to say.
 -False.

6-How does asking ͞How do you mean͟ change the first response?
 The speaker answers more extensively.

7-What’s the third way of becoming a great conversationlist?

 Paraphrasing the speakers words into your own words.

8- What do you accomplish by paraphrasing the speaker’s words?

 -You demonstrate no uncertain terms that you are genuinely paying attention and
making every effort to understand his or her words or thoughts or feelings.

9- When you practice effective listening people will:

 1- Find you fascinating ‫ﯾﺷوﻓوك ﺧراﻓﻲ‬
 2-Want to be around you ‫ﯾﻛوﻧوا ﺑدھم ﯾﺿﻠوا ﺣوﻟﯾك‬
 3- They will be relaxed in your presence. ‫رح ﯾﻛوﻧوا ﻣرﺗﺎﺣﯾن ﺑوﺟودك‬

10- When you listen to people you make them feel important
 True.
11- Listening builds trust (True/False)
 True.
12- Listening builds self-esteem (True/false)
 True.
13- Listening builds self-esteem in the listener (True/False)
 True.
14- What’s the rate that our mind can process words at?
 - 500-600 Words a minute. .

15- What’s the highest rate that we can speak at?

 150 words a minute.

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General Skills Mohmmad T. Obeidat Module 1

• Communication principles ‫ﻣﺑﺎدئ اﻟﺗواﺻل‬

 We are always communicating, whether we intend or not. It has been found

that 75 percent of our waking day is spent communicating through reading,
writing, speaking, and listening.
.‫ ﻣن ﯾوﻣﻧﺎ ﺑﻧﻘﺿﯾﮫ ﺑﻧﺗواﺻل ﻣن ﺧﻼل اﻟﻘراءة واﻟﻛﺗﺎﺑﺔ واﻟﺗﻛﻠم واﻹﺳﺗﻣﺎع‬%75 ‫ ُوﺟد اﻧﮫ‬,‫ ﻧﺣن داﺋﻣﺎ ﻧﺗواﺻل ﺳواء ﻛﺎن ﻗﺻدﻧﺎ او ﻷ‬-

 The message sent is not necessarily the message received.

,‫ اﻟرﺳﺎﻟﺔ اﻟ ُﻣرﺳﻠﺔ ﻣش ﺑﺎﻟﺿرورة ﺗﻛون ﻧﻔﺳﮭﺎ اﻟرﺳﺎﻟﺔ اﻟ ُﻣﺳﺗﻘﺑﻠﺔ‬-

 A part of the message is who sends it. It is impossible to divorce a message

from who sends it.
.‫ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺗﻘدر ﺗﻔﺻل اﻟرﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﻋن اﻟ ُﻣرﺳل‬.‫ ﺟزء ﻣن اﻟرﺳﺎﻟﺔ ھو ﻣﯾن ﺑرﺳﻠﮭﺎ‬-

 The meanings of words are inside us.

.‫ اﻟﻧﺎس ھﻣﺎ ﺑرﺑطوا اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﻠﻛﻠﻣﺎت‬,‫ اﻟﻛﻠﻣﺎت ﻣﺎ اﻟﮭم ﻣﻌﻧﻰ‬.‫ ﻣﻌﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﻛﻠﻣﺎت ﺟواﺗﻧﺎ‬-

 Communication is learned.
.‫ اﻟﺗواﺻل ﺷﻲء ﺑﻧﺗﻌﻠﻣﮫ‬-

• Overcoming Barriers ‫ﺗﺧطﻲ اﻟﻌﻘﺑﺎت‬

1. Gossip: You can check the facts face-to-face with the people directly involved.
 You would be wise not to pass the message on.
‫ ﺣﺗﻰ ﺗﻠك اﻟﻠﺣظﺔ ﻻزم ﺗﻛون ﻋﺎﻗل وﺗﻌرف إﻧﮫ‬,‫ ﺑﺗﻘدر ﺗﺗﺄﻛد ﻣن اﻟﺣﻘﺎﺋﻖ وﺟﮭﺎ ﻟوﺟﮫ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻧﺎس اﻟﻲ اﻟﮭم دﺧل‬,‫ ﻟﻣﺎ ﺗﺳﻣﻊ ﻧﻣﯾﻣﺔ‬.‫ اﻟﻧﻣﯾﻣﺔ‬-
.‫ﻣش ﻻزم ﺗﻧﻘل اﺷﻲ ﻣن ھﺎﻟﻧﻣﯾﻣﺔ وﻻزم ﺗﻌرف اﻧﮫ اﻟﻧﻣﯾﻣﺔ ھﻲ ﺑس إﺷﺎﻋﺔ ﻏﯾر ﻣؤﻛدة‬

2. Gaps. The greater the difference, the greater the likelihood of

miscommunication.
 Gaps can be fueled by the assumption that all people of a particular
group “ automatically” or feel a certain way.
‫ واﻟﻔﺟوات اﻟﺛﻘﺎﻓﯾﺔ‬,‫ وﺑﯾن اﻟﻣﺷرف واﻟﻣوظف‬,‫ اﻟﻔﺟوات ﺑﯾن اﻟﺟﻧﺳﯾن‬.‫ ﻛل ﻣﺎ ﻛﺑر اﻹﺧﺗﻼف ﻛﺑر إﺣﺗﻣﺎﻟﯾﺔ اﻷﺧطﺎء ﻓﻲ اﻟﺗواﺻل‬.‫ اﻟﻔﺟوات‬-
.‫واﻟﻌرﻗﯾﺔ ﺑﺗﻛون ﻣﻠﯾﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﺈﻋﺗﻘﺎدات إﻧﮫ أﻋﺿﺎء ﺟﻣﺎﻋﺔ ﻣﻌﯾﻧﺔ ﻣن اﻟﺑﺷر ﺑﻔﻛروا وﺑﺣﺳوا ﺑطرﯾﻘﺔ ﻣﻌﯾﻧﺔ‬

 Such assumptions result in stereotyping.

 Gaps can be overcome by questioning the validity of your own
stereotypes as well as questioning the stereotypes of others.
 Moreover, gaps are minimized when we focus our communications
on individuals rather than on representative members of a group.
‫ اﻟﻔﺟوات ﯾﻣﻛن اﻟﺗﻐﻠب ﻋﻠﯾﮭﺎ ﻣن‬,‫ اﻟﻲ ﺑﺗﺧﻠﻖ ﻓﺟوات ﺑﯾن اﻟﻧﺎس ﺑﻛون ﻣن اﻟﺻﻌب إﻏﻼﻗﮭﺎ‬,‫ ھﺎي اﻹﻋﺗﻘﺎدات ﺑﺗﺄدي ﻹﺷﻲ اﺳﻣﮫ اﻟﻧﻣطﯾﺔ‬-
‫ اﻟﻔﺟوات ﺗُﻐﻠَﻖ ﻟﻣﺎ ﻧرﻛز ﺑﺗواﺻﻠﻧﺎ ﻋﻸﺷﺧﺎص ﻧﻔﺳﮭم ﺑدل ﻣﺎ ﻧرﻛز ﺑس‬.‫ﺧﻼل إﻧﮫ ﻧﺳﺄل ﺣﺎﻟﻧﺎ ﻋن ﻧﻣطﯾﺗﻧﺎ إﺣﻧﺎ وﻧﺳﺄل اﻟﻧﺎس ﻋن ﻧﻣطﯾﺗﮭم‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ إﻧﮭم ﺑﻧﺗﻣوا ﻟﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ ﻣﻌﯾﻧﺔ‬

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General Skills Mohmmad T. Obeidat Module 1

3. Loss of emotional control. Inability to control emotion is a barrier to

communication.
‫ ﻋدم اﻟﻘدرة ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺗﺣﻛم ﺑﺎﻟﻌواطف ھﻲ ﻋﺎﺋﻖ ﻟﻠﺗواﺻل‬.‫ ﻓﻘدان اﻟﺗﺣﻛم اﻟﻌﺎطﻔﻲ‬-

 Being aware of terms , phrases or topics that create an emotional response in

both you and the people with whom you interact is a necessary first step in
overcoming this barrier.
 Recognizing that people have different views of the world and that these
differences are indeed valuable will help considerably.
‫ ﻣﻌرﻓﺔ إﻧﮫ‬.‫ ھﻲ ﺧطوة ﺿرورﯾﺔ ﻟﺗﺧطﻲ ھذا اﻟﻌﺎﺋﻖ‬.‫ ﻣﻌرﻓﺗﻧﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺟﻣل واﻟﻣواﺿﯾﻊ اﻟﻲ ﺑﻌﻣﻠن ﻋﻧﺎ ﺣﻣﺎس زاﯾد ﻓﯾﻧﺎ وﺑﺎﻟﻧﺎس اﻟﻲ ﺑﻧﺣﻛﻲ ﻣﻌﮭم‬-
.‫ ﺧطوة ﻣﮭﻣﺔ ﺗﺟﺎه ﺗﺧطﻲ ھذا اﻟﻌﺎﺋﻖ‬,‫ وإﻧﮫ ھﺎي اﻟﻧظرات ﻣﮭﻣﺔ‬,‫اﻟﻧﺎس ﻋﻧدھم ﻧظرات ﻣﺧﺗﻔﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻟم‬

4. Defensiveness. The tendency to misinterpret another’s comments as a

personal attack when that was not the intention is typical of defensiveness.
‫ ﻟﻣﺎ ﺗﺳﺄل زﻣﯾﻠك إذا ﺷﺎف‬,‫ ﻣﺛﻼ‬.‫ ھﻲ اﻟﻧزﻋﺔ ﺗﺟﺎه ﻓﮭم ﺗﻌﻠﯾﻘﺎت وﻛﻼم ﺷﺧص ﻛﮭﺟوم ﺷﺧﺻﻲ ﻋﻠﯾﻧﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﯾن إﻧﮫ ﻣش ھﺎي ﻧﯾﺗﮫ‬.‫ اﻟدﻓﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬-
.‫ﺷﻐﻠﺔ ﺿﺎﯾﻌﺔ ﻣﻧك ﻣﻣﻛن ﯾﻔﻛرك ﺑﺗﺣﻛﻲ إﻧﮫ ﺳرﻗﮭﺎ وﯾﺗﺻرف ﺑدﻓﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬

 Defensiveness can be minimized by developing an accurate self-concept, by

checking possible interpretations with the speaker, and by sharing thoughts
and feelings honestly.
‫ وﻣن ﺧﻼل ﻣﺷﺎرﻛﺔ اﻟﻣﺷﺎﻋر‬,‫ وإﻧك ﺗﻔﻛر ﺑﺄﯾش ﻣﻣﻛن ﯾﻌﻣل ﻣﺷﻛﻠﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻣﺧﺎطب‬,‫ اﻟدﻓﺎﻋﯾﺔ ﻣﻣﻛن ﺗﻘل ﻣن ﺧﻼل ﺗطوﯾر ﻣﻧظوﻣﺔ ﺷﺧﺻﯾﺔ ﻣرﺗﺑﺔ‬-
.‫واﻷﻓﻛﺎر ﺑﺻدق‬

• Giving and getting feedback ‫أﻋطﺎء وإﺳﺗﻘﺑﺎل اﻟﺗﻐذﯾﺔ اﻟراﺟﻌﺔ‬

 Feedback is information about reactions to a product, a person's performance
of a task, etc. which is used as a basis for improvement.
.‫ وﺗﺳﺗﺧدم ﻛﺄﺳﺎس ﻟﻠﺗﺣﺳن‬.‫ اﻟﺦ‬,‫ أداء ﺷﺧص ﻟﻣﮭﻣﺔ ﻣﺎ‬,‫اﻟﺗﻐذﯾﺔ اﻟراﺟﻌﺔ ھﻲ اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت ﻋن اﻵراء ﺣول ﻣﻧﺗﺞ‬-

 When giving feedback, some of the following consider the following

suggestions:
:‫ إﺗﺑﻊ ھﺎﻟﻧﺻﺎﺋﺢ‬,‫ﻋﻧد إﻋطﺎء اﻟﺗﻐذﯾﺔ اﻟراﺟﻌﺔ‬-
1. Make the feedback appropriate. Feedback is appropriate when it is requested
from the sender or when it is requested from the sender or when it is necessary for
the receiver to clarify the message. Moreover, feedback is effective if it is given as
soon after the sender’s message as possible. The timing involved depends on the
nature of the message, the setting in which the communication happens, and the
attitudes of the people involved.
‫ اﻟﺗﻐذﯾﺔ اﻟراﺟﻌﺔ ﻓﺎﻋﻠﺔ ﻛﺛﯾر ﻟﻣﺎ‬.‫ ﺑﺗﻛون ﻣﻧﺎﺳﺑﺔ ﻟﻣﺎ ﯾطﻠﺑﮭﺎ اﻟﻣرﺳل أو ﻟﻣﺎ ﯾﻛون ﻣﮭم إﻧك ﺗوﺿﺢ اﻟرﺳﺎﻟﺔ‬,‫ﺗﺄﻛد إﻧﮫ اﻟﺗﻐذﯾﺔ اﻟراﺟﻌﺔ ﻣﻧﺎﺳﺑﺔ‬-
‫ وﻛﻣﺎن اﻟﺗوﻗﯾت ﺑﻌﺗﻣد ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻛﺎن ﺗوﺟﯾﮫ اﻟرﺳﺎﻟﺔ وﻛﯾف ﺗﺻرﻓﺎت‬,‫ اﻟﺗوﻗﯾت ﺑﻌﺗﻣد ﻋﻠﻰ طﺑﯾﻌﺔ اﻟرﺳﺎﻟﺔ‬,‫ﺗﻌطﯾﮭﺎ ﻋﻠﺳرﯾﻊ ﺑﻌد رﺳﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻣرﺳل‬
.‫اﻟﻧﺎس اﻟﻣﺷﺎرﻛﯾن‬

2. Make the feedback specific.

.‫ ﻛون دﻗﯾﻖ وإﺣﻛﯾﻠﮫ إﻧك ﻋﻧدك ﻣﺷﻛﻠﺔ ﺑﻣﺑﯾﻌﺎﺗك ﻟﺷﮭر ﻣﺎرس‬,‫ ﺑدل ﻣﺎ ﺗﺣﻛﻲ ﻟﻣوظف إﻧك ﻣﺑطل زي ﻗﺑل‬.‫ إﺟﻌل اﻟﺗﻐذﯾﺔ اﻟراﺟﻌﺔ ﻣﺣددة‬-

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General Skills Mohmmad T. Obeidat Module 1

3.Make the feedback positive. Make sure the tone of the feedback is positive,
especially when it involves constructive criticism .Also consider giving positive
feedback before any negative feedback.
‫ إﻗﺗرح‬,‫ ﯾﻌﻧﻲ ﺑدل ﻣﺎ ﺗﻧﺗﻘد ﺻﺎﺣﺑك ﻋﺧطﺄ‬.‫ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻟﻣﺎ ﺗﺷﻣل ﻧﻘد ﺑﻧّﺎء‬,‫ ﺗﺄﻛد إﻧﮫ ﻧﺑرة اﻟﺗﻐذﯾﺔ اﻟراﺟﻌﺔ اﯾﺟﺎﺑﯾﺔ‬.‫ إﺟﻌل اﻟﺗﻐذﯾﺔ اﻟراﺟﻌﺔ إﯾﺟﺎﺑﯾﺔ‬-
.‫ وداﯾﻣﺎ اﻋطﻲ اﻟﺗﻐذﯾﺔ اﻟراﺟﻌﺔ اﻹﯾﺟﺎﺑﯾﺔ ﻗﺑل اﻟﺳﻠﺑﯾﺔ‬,‫ﻋﻠﯾﮫ ﺷﻐﻼت ﻋﺷﺎن ﻣﺎ ﯾرﺟﻊ ﯾﻌﻣل ﻧﻔس اﻟﻐﻠط‬

 When it is your turn to receive feedback, remember those tip.

.‫ ﻟﻣﺎ ﯾﻛون دورك إﻧك ﺗﺳﺗﻘﺑل اﻟﺗﻐذﯾﺔ اﻟراﺟﻌﺔ ﺗذﻛر ھﺎﻟﻧﺻﺎﺋﺢ‬-

1. Ask for feedback and receive it openly. Requesting feedback from your receiver
may require you to be specific about the kind of information you are seeking.
‫ ﻣﺛﻼ‬.‫ طﻠب اﻟﺗﻐذﯾﺔ اﻟراﺟﻌﺔ ﺑﺳﺗﻠزﻣك ﺗﻛون دﻗﯾﻖ ﺣول ﻧوع اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت اﻟﻲ ﺑدك اﯾﺎھﺎ‬.‫ أطﻠب اﻟﺗﻐذﯾﺔ اﻟراﺟﻌﺔ وإﺳﺗﻘﺑﻠﮭﺎ ﺑﺻدر رﺣب‬-
"‫"ﺑدي أﻋرف ﺷو ﻋﻧدك اﺳﺋﻠﺔ ﺣول ﻧظﺎم اﻟﺗﺳﻌﯾر اﻟﺟدﯾد اﻟﻲ ﺣﻛﯾﻧﺎ ﻓﯾﮫ‬

2. Acknowledge the feedback. You might begin by thanking the receiver for the
feedback given. Then you may consider paraphrasing the feedback to make sure
you fully understand what the receiver meant.
‫ إﺣﻛﯾﻠﮫ ﻣﺛﻼ "ﯾﻌﻧﻲ اﻧت ﻗوﻟﺗك‬,‫ وﺑﻌدﯾن ارﺟﻊ إﺣﻛﻲ ال ﺣﻛﺎه ﻣﺷﺎن ﺗﺗﺄﻛد أﻧك ﻓﮭﻣﺗﮫ‬,‫ أﺷﻛر اﻟﻲ أﻋطﺎك اﯾﺎھﺎ‬,‫ إﻋﺗرف وإﻓﮭم اﻟﺗﻐذﯾﺔ اﻟراﺟﻌﺔ‬-
"‫ﻛرﺗﻧﺎ ﺑﻧﺣرق ﻋﻠﺗﺳﻌﯾرة اﻟﺟدﯾدة؟‬

3. Consider the feedback received. Be open to suggestions, opinions, and concerns

the receiver may share with you. This consideration doesn’t necessarily mean
that you agree with the receiver but rather that you are willing listen as openly
as possible.
,‫ اﻟﺗﻔﻛﯾر ﻓﯾﮭﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﻧﻲ اﻧك ﺑﺗواﻓﻘﮭﺎ ﺗﻣﺎﻣﺎ‬.‫ ﻛن ﻣﻧﻔﺗﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻹﻗﺗراﺣﺎت واﻵراء واﻟﻣﺧﺎوف اﻟﻲ ﺑﺷﺎرﻛﮭﺎ ﻣﻌﺎك اﻟ ُﻣﺳﺗَﻘﺑِل‬,‫ ﻓﻛر ﺑﺎﻟﺗﻐذﯾﺔ اﻟراﺟﻌﺔ‬-
‫ وﺑﻧﻔس اﻟوﻗت ﺗﺧﻠﻲ اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻣﻊ ﯾﺣس إﻧﮫ‬,‫ اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت اﻟﻲ ﺑﺗﺳﺗﻘﺑﻠﮭﺎ ﻣﻣﻛن ﺗﺣﺳن ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ إﺗﺧﺎذك ﻟﻠﻘرارات‬.‫ﺑس إﻧك ﻣﺳﺗﻌد ﺗﺳﻣﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ أﻛﻣل وﺟﮫ‬
.‫زﻟﻣﺔ ﻏﺎﻧم ﻗد ﺣﺎﻟﮫ ﺑﻌطﻲ ﺗﻐذﯾﺔ راﺟﻌﺔ وﻗﺻص‬

• Improving relations ‫ﺗﺣﺳﯾن اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎت‬

 While specific verbal strategies can be used as communication tools, so can

certain attitudes improve relations with others. Four such attitudes include
positive regard, openness, empathy, , and trust.
‫ ﻓﻲ أرﺑﻊ‬.‫ وﻛﻣﺎن ﻓﻲ ﺗﺻرﻓﺎت ﻣﻌﯾﻧﺔ ﺑﺗﺳﺎﻋدﻧﺎ ﻧﺣﺳن ﻋﻼﻗﺗﻧﺎ ﻣﻊ اﻵﺧرﯾن‬,‫ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻌض اﻻﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺎت اﻟﻠﻐوﯾﺔ ﺗﺳﺗﺧدم ﻛﺄدوات ﻟﻠﺗواﺻل‬-
.‫ و واﻹﻧﻔﺗﺎح واﻟﺗﻌﺎطف واﻟﺛﻘﺔ‬,‫ﺗﺻرﻓﺎت ﻣﺛل اﻹﺣﺳﺎن وال اﺣﺗرام‬

1. Positive regard. ‫اﻹﺣﺗرام‬

 Accept other people for who they are as human beings. Believe in the equality
of all people rather than the superiority of one person (or a group of people)
over others (based on money, gender, power, etc.)
‫ﺗﻔوق ﺷﺧص أو ﺟﻣﺎﻋﺔ ﻋﺷﺎن اﻟﻣﺻﺎري‬
ّ ‫ آﻣن ﺑﺗﺳﺎوي ﺟﻣﯾﻊ اﻟﻧﺎس ﺑدل‬.‫ ﺗﻘﺑّل اﻟﻧﺎس زي ﻣﺎ ھﻣﺎ ﻛﺑﺷر ﺑﻐض اﻟﻧظر ﻋن اﻟﻌرق واﻟﺗﺻرﻓﺎت‬-
.‫أو اﻟﺟﻧس أو اﻟﻘوة‬
2. Openness. ‫اﻹﻧﻔﺗﺎح‬

 Communication with others by sharing your own true feelings and thoughts,
and experiences.
.‫ اﻟﺗواﺻل ﻣﻊ اﻵﺧرﯾن ﺑﻛون ﻣن ﺧﻼل ﻣﺷﺎرﻛﺔ ﻣﺷﺎﻋرك وأﻓﻛراك وﺗﺟرﺑﺎﺗك‬-

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3. Empathy ‫اﻟﺗﻌﺎطف‬

 Develop an interest (indeed, even a curiosity)in other people and of wanting

to know about their feelings, thoughts, and experiences by putting yourself in
their shoes and understanding their viewpoint through active listening.
‫ ﺧﻠﻲ ﻋﻧدك إھﺗﻣﺎم )ﺣﺗﻰ ﺧﻠﻲ ﻋﻧدك ﺷﻐف وﻓﺿول( ﺑﺎﻟﻧﺎس اﻟﺛﺎﻧﯾن وإﻧك ﺗﻌرف ﻣﺷﺎﻋرھم وأﻓﻛﺎرھم وﺧﺑراﺗﮭم ﻣن ﺧﻼل إﻧك ﺗﺣط ﺣﺎﻟك‬-
.‫ ﺧﻠﯾك ﻣﻧﻔﺗﺢ ﺗﺟﺎه اﻷﺷﯾﺎء اﻟﺟدﯾدة ﻣش ﻣﻧﻐﻠﻖ‬,‫ﻣﺣﻠﮭم وﺗﻔﮭم وﺟﮭﺔ ﻧظرھم ﻣن ﺧﻼل اﻻﺳﺗﻣﺎع إﻟﮭم‬

4. Trust. ‫اﻟﺛﻘﺔ‬
 Trust is of two types:
1. Task trust: Trust associated with carrying out whatever is expected of you.
.‫ اﻟﺛﻘﺔ إﻧك رح ﺗﻧﻔذ اﻟﻣطﻠوب ﻣﻧك‬:‫ ﺛﻘﺔ اﻟﻣﮭﺎم‬-
2. interpersonal trust, is evident in keeping secrets( when requested of you),
in supporting colleagues, and in defending someone who is unfairly being
criticized.
.‫ وﺑﺎﻟدﻓﺎع ﻋن ﺷﺧص ﺑﺗﺑﮭدل ﻣن دون ﺳﺑب‬,‫ ﺑدﻋم اﻟزﻣﻼء‬,‫ وھﻲ ﺗﺗﻣﺛل ﺑﺣﻔظ اﻷﺳرار‬:‫ اﻟﺛﻘﺔ اﻟﺷﺧﺻﯾﺔ‬-

• What is nonverbal communication? ‫ﻣﺎ ھو اﻟﺗواﺻل اﻟﻼﺷﻔوي‬

 Nonverbal communication is a process of communication through sending
and receiving wordless messages.
.‫ اﻟﺗواﺻل اﻟﻼﺷﻔوي ھو ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ اﻟﺗواﺻل ﻣن ﺧﻼل إرﺳﺎل وإﺳﺗﻘﺑﺎل رﺳﺎﺋل ﻣﺎ ﻓﯾﮭﺎ ﻛﻠﻣﺎت‬-

 Verbal and non verbal are all types of communication. But the difference
between them is that we use our voice in verbal communication and we use
body signs in non-verbal communication.
.‫ ﺑس اﻟﻔرق ﺑﯾﻧﮭم إﻧﮫ ﺑﻧﺳﺗﺧدم ﺻوﺗﻧﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺗواﺻل اﻟﺷﻔوي وﺑﻧﺳﺗﺧدم ﺣرﻛﺎت ﺟﺳدﯾﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺗواﺻل اﻟﻼﺷﻔوي‬.‫ ﺷﻔوي وﻻ ﺷﻔوي‬:‫ اﻟﺗواﺻل ﻧوﻋﯾن‬-

o Nonverbal communication has also cultural meaning.

.‫ اﻟﺗواﺻل اﻟﻼﺷﻔوي ﺑرﺿو إﻟﮫ ﻣﻌﻧﻰ ﺛﻘﺎﻓﻲ‬-
o Nonverbal communication is sometimes considered the strongest form of
communication.
.‫ اﻟﺗواﺻل اﻟﻼﺷﻔوي ﺑﺧﻠﯾك ﺗرﺳم ﺻورة ﺑﻌﻘول اﻵﺧرﯾن‬.‫ أﻛﺛر ﻣن اﻟﻛﻠﻣﺎت واﻷﺻوات‬.‫ اﻟﺗواﺻل اﻟﻼﺷﻔوي ﯾﻌﺗﺑر أﻗوى أﻧواع اﻟﺗواﺻل‬-

• Forms of non-verbal communication .‫أﻧواع اﻟﺗواﺻل اﻟﻼﺷﻔوي‬

1. Eye Contact ‫اﻟﺗواﺻل ﺑﺎﻟﻌﯾون‬
 In American culture, eye contact shows respect and interest.
. ‫ ﺑﺎﻟﺛﻘﺎﻓﺔ اﻷﻣرﯾﻛﯾﺔ أﻧك ﺗﺿﻠك ﺑﺗطﻠﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣدا ﺑظﮭر إﺣﺗرام وإھﺗﻣﺎم‬,‫ ﺑﯾﯾن ﻛﺛﯾر ﺑدون ﻣﺎ ﺗﺣﻛﻲ‬-

2. Facial Expressions ‫ﺗﻌﺎﺑﯾر اﻟوﺟﮫ‬

 Which can communicate happiness, sadness, anger or fear.
.‫ ﺑﺗﺑﯾن اﻟﻔرح واﻟﺣزن واﻟﻐﺿب واﻟﺧوف‬-

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3. Posture ‫اﻟوﻗﻔﺔ‬
 Reveals a lot about you. The manner you walk, sit, stand or hold
your head not only indicates your current mood, but also your
‫إﯾش ﻣﻌﻠم‬
personality. For example, if you cross your arms while standing,
you indicate that you may be closed off and defensive. Walking
with your head down and avoiding eye contact with others may
indicate shyness.
‫ وﻛﻣﺎن‬,‫ وﻛﯾف ﺑﺗرﻓﻊ راﺳك ﺑظﮭر ﻛﯾف ﻣزاﺟك اﻟﺣﺎﻟﻲ‬,‫ اﻟطرﯾﻘﺔ اﻟﻲ ﺑﺗﻣﺷﻲ وﺑﺗﻘﻌد وﺑﺗوﻗف ﻓﯾﮭﺎ‬,‫ ﺑﺗظﮭر اﻟﻛﺛﯾر ﻋﻧّك‬-
‫ إﻧك ﺗﻣﺷﻲ وراﺳك ﻟﺗﺣت وﺑﺗﺗﺟﻧب إﻧك ﺗطﻠﻊ‬.‫ ﻣﺛﻼ ﻟو ﺗﻛﺗﻔت واﻧت واﻗف ﻣﻌﻧﺎه إﻧك ﻣﻧﻐﻠﻖ ودﻓﺎﻋﻲ‬.‫ﻛﯾف ﺷﺧﺻﯾﺗك‬
‫ﻋﺣدا ﺑدل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺧﺟل‬

4. Touch. ‫اﻟﻠﻣس‬
 For example, we shake hands to introduce ourselves.
.‫ ﺑﻧﺳﻠم ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌض ﻣﺷﺎن ﻧﻌرف ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺎﻟﻧﺎ‬,‫ ﻣﺛﻼ‬-
5. Gestures. ‫اﻻﯾﻣﺎءات‬
 When visible body actions communicate a message. Gestures
include movements of the face, hands, or other parts of the body.
.‫ اﻹﯾﻣﺎءات ﺑﺗﺷﻣل ﺣرﻛﺎت اﻟوﺟﮫ واﻹﯾدﯾن وﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﺟﺳﻣك‬,‫ﻟﻣﺎ ﺗﺣﻛﻲ اﺷﻲ ﻣن ﺧﻼل طرﯾﻘﺔ ﺣرﻛﺔ ﺟﺳدك‬ -

6. Personal Space ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺷﺧﺻﯾﺔ‬

 is the space you place between yourself and others.
.‫ ھﻲ اﻟﻣﺳﺎﺣﺔ ﺑﯾﻧك وﺑﯾن اﻵﺧرﯾن‬-

Video Summary
• Nonverbal communication: anything the communicates a message but it’s not a word
.‫ اي اﺷﻲ ﺑﺗﺗواﺻل ﻓﯾﮫ ﺑس ﺑدون اﻟﻛﻼم‬:‫ اﻟﻣﺣﺎدﺛﺔ اﻟﻐﯾر ﺷﻔوﯾﺔ‬-
• Some experts believe that nonverbals are more truthful than verbals because people
they say things but they don’t always mean them
.‫ اﻟﺧﺑراء ﺑﻌﺗﻘدوا اﻧﮫ اﻟﻲ ﺑﺗﺳﺧدﻣوا اﻟﻣﺣﺎدﺛﺔ اﻟﻐﯾر ﻟﻐوﯾﺔ اﻛﺛر ﺻدﻗﺎ ﻣن اﻟﻲ ﺑﺗﺳﺧدﻣوا اﻟﻠﻐوﯾﺔ ﻹﻧﮫ اﻟﻧﺎس ﻣش داﯾﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﻧوا اﻟﻲ ﺑﺣﻛوه‬-

• You can’t fake nonverbal communication ‫ﻣﺎ ﺑﺗﻘدر ﺗﺗﺻﻧﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﺣﺎدﺛﺔ اﻟﻐﯾر ﻟﻐوﯾﺔ‬

• There’s a problems that we don’t see the nonverbal side of communication because
we’re busy with a device.
‫ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺷﻛﻠﺔ إﻧﮫ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺗﻧﻘدر ﻧﺷوف اﻟﻣﺣﺎدﺛﺔ اﻟﻐﯾر ﻟﻐوﯾﺔ ﻟﻣﺎ ﻧﻛون ﻋﻠﺗﻠﻔون ﻣﺛﻼ‬-
• We as a species evolved to communicate nonverbally
‫ اﺣﻧﺎ ﻛﺑﺷر ﺗطورﻧﺎ ﻋﺷﺎن ﻧﺗواﺻل ﺑطرﯾﻘﺔ ﻏﯾر ﻟﻐوﯾﺔ‬-
• A text can never reply a kind smile ‫رﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﻣش رح ﺗﺑدل اﺑﺗﺳﺎﻣﺔ‬

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• In nonverbal communication we focus on comfort and discomfort.

‫ ﺑﺎﻟﺗواﺻل اﻟﻐﯾر ﻟﻐوي ﺑﻧرﻛز ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟراﺣﺔ وﻋدم اﻟراﺣﺔ‬-
• From the moment we are born we are doing specifying behaviours, we bite our lips,
touches our faces, smoke, our body is saying calm down. These behaviours indicate
that our brain is dealing with some sort of stress
‫ ھﺎي اﻟﺗﺻرﻓﺎت ﺑﺗدل ﻋﻠﻰ‬.‫ ﺟﺳﻣﻧﺎ ﺑﺣﻛﯾﻠﻧﺎ روق ﻣﻌﻠم‬,‫ أو ﺑﻧدﺧن‬,‫ ﺑﻧﻠﻣس وﺟﮭﻧﺎ‬,‫ ﺑﻧﻌض ﺷﻔﺗﻧﺎ‬,‫ ﺑﻧﻌﻣل ﺗﺻرﻓﺎت ﻣﻌﯾﻧﺔ‬,‫ ﻣن اﻟﻠﺣظﺔ اﻟﻲ ﺑﻧﻧزﻟد ﻓﯾﮭﺎ‬-
‫إﻧﮫ دﻣﺎﻏﻧﺎ ﺑواﺟﮫ ﻧوع ﻣن اﻟﺗوﺗر‬
• Through nonverbal communication you can understand the following:
:‫ ﻣن ﺧﻼل اﻟﻣﺣﺎدﺛﺔ اﻟﻐﯾر ﻟﻐوﯾﺔ ﺑﺗﻔﮭم اﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ‬-

• When you purse your lips this means you disagree.

‫ﻟﻣﺎ ﺗﻌﻣل ھﯾك ﻣﻌﻧﺎﺗﮭﺎ اﻧت ﻣﻌﺎرض‬

• When we touch our necks that means we’re uncomfortable

‫ ﻟﻣﺎ ﻧﻠﻣس رﻗﺑﺗﻧﺎ ﻣﻌﻧﺎھﺎ اﻧﮫ ﻣش ﻣرﺗﺎﺣﯾن‬-

• When we something bothers, we cover our eyes and wrinkle

our nose.
(‫ ﻟﻣﺎ اﺷﻲ ﯾذاﯾﻘﻧﺎ ﺑﻧﺳﻛر ﻋﯾوﻧّﺎ وأﻧﻔﻧﺎ ﺑﺗﺟﻌد ھﯾك )أﻧداري ﯾزم‬-

• Rubbing the hands indicates that we feel stressed, while the steeple
hand gesture makes you look more confident and in control.
‫ ﺑس ھﺎي اﻟﺣرﻛﺔ اﻟﻲ ﻋﻠﺷﻣﺎل‬...‫ ﻟﻣﺎ ﻧﺣرك اﯾدﯾﻧﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌض )زي ﻟﻣﺎ ﺗﻛون اﻟدﻧﯾﺎ ﺑرد( ﻣﻌﻧﺎھﺎ اﻧﮫ اﺣﻧﺎ ﻣﺗوﺗرﯾن‬-
.‫ﻣﻌﻧﺎھﺎ إﻧﮫ اﺣﻧﺎ واﺛﻘﯾن ﻣن ﺣﺎﻟﻧﺎ وﻣﺳﯾطرﯾن ﻋﻠﻣوﺿوع‬

End of module 1

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