Geography Summer Assignment

9. Global Warming
An increase in the earth’s temperature results in global
warming due to the greenhouse effect. It increases the water
temperature and results in the death of aquatic animals and marine
species, which later results in water pollution.

10. Radioactive Waste

Nuclear energy is produced using nuclear fission or fusion. The
element that is used in the production of nuclear energy is Uranium,
which is a highly toxic chemical.

The nuclear waste that is produced by radioactive material needs to

be disposed of to prevent any nuclear accident. Nuclear waste can
have serious environmental hazards if not disposed of properly. Few
major accidents have already taken place in Russia and Japan.

11. Urban Development

As the population has grown exponentially, so has the demand for
housing, food, and cloth. As more cities and towns are developed,
they have resulted in increasing use of fertilizers to produce more
food, soil erosion due to deforestation, rise in construction activities,
inadequate sewer collection and treatment, landfills as more
garbage is produced, increase in chemicals from industries to
produce more materials.

12. Leakage from the Landfills

Landfills are nothing but a massive pile of garbage that produces
the awful smell and can be seen across the city. When it rains, the
landfills may leak, and the leaking landfills can pollute the
underground water with a large variety of contaminants.

13. Animal Waste

The waste produced by animals washed away into the rivers when it
rains. It then gets mixed up with other harmful chemicals and
causes various water-borne diseases like cholera, diarrhea,
dysentery, jaundice, and typhoid.

14. Underground Storage Leakage

Transportation of coal and other petroleum products through
underground pipes is well known. Accidental leakage may happen
anytime and may cause damage to the environment and result
in soil erosion.

15. Eutrophication
The increased level of nutrients in water bodies is known as
Eutrophication. It results in the bloom of algae in the water. It also
depletes the amount of oxygen in the water that negatively affects
fish and other aquatic animal populations.

16. Acid Rain

Acid rain is essentially water pollution caused by air pollution. When
the acidic particles released in the atmosphere by air pollution mix
with water vapor, it results in acid rain.
Why Does Water Need to be
Preserved and How?
Water pollutants include both organic and inorganic
factors. Organic factors include volatile organic compounds, fuels,
waste from trees, plants, etc. Inorganic factors include ammonia,
chemical waste from factories, discarded cosmetics, etc.

The water that travels via fields is usually contaminated with all
forms of garbage inclusive of fertilizers that it swept along the way.
This infected water makes its way to our water bodies and
sometimes to the seas endangering the flora, fauna, and humans
that use it along its path.

The current scenario has led to rapid consciousness about water

preservation, and efforts are being made on several levels to
redeem our water resources.

Industries and factory set-ups are restricted from contaminating the

water bodies and are advised to treat their contaminated waste
through filtration methods.

People are nowadays investing in rainwater harvesting projects to

collect rainwater and preserve it in wells below ground level.

Water pollution is prevalent and is an area of high alert. Water

needs to be preserved and valued today for us to live tomorrow.

Treatment of Polluted Water

The treatment of polluted water removes existing contaminants or
reduce the concentration of the pollutants to make the water fit for
the desired use. Some of the ways to do it are:
Industrial Treatment
The raw sewage needs to be adequately treated in a water
treatment plant before it is released into the environment. Water is
passed through several chambers and chemical processes in the
water treatment plant to reduce the amount and toxicity of waste.

Denitrification
When nitrates present in the water get converted into gas, it is
known as denitrification. It is an ecological approach that prevents
leaching of nitrates in the soil. It stops groundwater from getting
contaminated.

Ozone Waste Water Treatment

The ozone wastewater treatment method has become very popular.
In this method, an ozone generator breaks down the pollutants in
water. Ozone oxidizes bacteria, organic material, molds, and other
contaminants in water.

Septic Tanks
Septic tanks treat sewage right at the place of the location where it
originates instead of treating it in any far-away plant or sewage
system. This system is usually put to use at the individual building
level. The sewage gets separated into solid and liquid components
and treated separately.