One Nation in Globalization: A Research Study About Globalization and Its Impacts to

Education and Economy.

In partial Fulfilment of the requirements for the subject Economics (AP 9)

Letran De Davao, Inc.

Seminary Drive, T.C.

Submitted to:

Mrs. Annevic H. Nacario

AP Teacher

Submitted by:

Caberoy, Hera L.

Manog, Althea Gwyneth M.

Nishiyama, Reina C.

Resonar, Meideline Marian Ella A.

Cariño, Sigmund J.

Reambonanza, Jann Kenneth D.

Sefuentes, Arve Aj Kile R.

Tulang, Justin L.

March 6, 2018
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost praises and thanks to the God, the Almighty, for His showers
of blessings to complete the term paper successfully. We would also like to thank all
who in one way or another contributed in the completion of this project. The success and
final outcome of this project required a lot of guidance and assistance from many people
and we are extremely fortunate to have got this all along the completion of our project
work. Whatever we have done is only due to such guidance and assistance and we
would not forget to thank them.

We would like to express our deep and sincere gratitude to our AP teacher Mrs.
Annievic Nacario for giving us the opportunity to do the project and providing invaluable
guidance throughout this term paper. Her dynamism, vision, sincerity and motivation
have deeply inspired us. It was a great privilege and honor to work and study under her
guidance. We are extremely grateful for what she has offered us. We would also like to
thank her for her friendship, empathy, and great sense of humor.

We are extremely grateful to our parents for their love, prayers, caring and
sacrifices for educating and preparing us for our future. We are making this project not
only for marks but to also increase our knowledge, skills and abilities. Finally, our thanks
go to all the people who have supported us to complete the research work directly or
indirectly. May the Almighty God richly bless all of you.
 Outline

One Nation In Globalization: A Research Study About Globalization impacts to

education and economy

These changes brought upon by globalization has started long ago and has changed
our culture as Filipinos and then these have both positive and negative effects.

Chapter I. Introduction.

II. What is Globalization?

III. What is the connection between globalization in the

field of education and in our economy?

IV. Globalization in the Philippines

V. Contribution of globalization to education and

to our economy

VII. Findings

VIII. Conclusion

IX. Recommendation

X. Definition of Terms

Bibliography

Curriculum Vitae
 Table of Contents

Acknowledgement.......................................................................................................i

Outline.........................................................................................................................ii

Chapter I. Introduction...............................................................................................1

II. What is Globalization? .............................................................................5

III. What is the connection between globalization in the

field of education and in our economy?....................................................6

IV. Globalization in the Philippines................................................................10

V. Contribution of globalization to education and

to our economy.........................................................................................15

VII. Findings......................................................................................................25

VIII. Conclusion..................................................................................................26

IX. Recommendation.......................................................................................27

X. Definition of Terms.......................................................................................28

Bibliography

Curriculum Vitae
Introduction:

There has been an increase in the socio-economic flow in a global scale during
the last few decades. What is significant in such circumstances is that local barriers
have to be taken away, to participate in the global games, to find place in. Advantages
have been got by some nations from socio-economic global consequences of what is
called globalization. The western nations for examples, because of their particular
historical, cultural, political and economic characteristics, have been able to adjust with
the new condition in a sustainable ways. Many other nations are being faced with big
challenges in terms of how to balance between the new increasing global flows and their
specific cultural, and even political and economic situations.

Therefore, globalization can be defined as a process of integration local

characteristics into global flows which are mostly done by means of new communication
and information technology. It is historically seen as a process integrating local
economies into the world economy; where the global and local interact, it seems to refer
to a space, and information and communication are means of interaction technologies. It
refers to the increasing integration of economies around the world, particularly through
trade and financial flows, the term refers sometimes to the movement of people (labor)
and knowledge (technology) across international borders. It describes globalization as
the fast development in communication technology. Globalization has lot of meanings,
many institutions now include the term global in their mission statement; most aspire to
prepare globally competent graduates. For some, the term Globalization and
Internationalization are interchangeable. Yet, globalization is a term that is not well
defined, with different meanings and different groups, and globalization is a term that is
value-laden and controversial. Thus, in this chapter, we try to put some common
definitions of globalization, and we state the different characteristics of globalization.
Globalization is an important development that changed deeply the world in
modern history. It is seen that a new era starts and nations face huge changes in their
social, economic and cultural ways, and it is obvious that it comes into our society new
concepts and values and they carry new problems and perspectives for the nations in
the process of globalization. In global world, information society is another important
concept, it needs creative individuals, and governments should only train in school the
individuals to adopt the new values and developing student’s ability to acquire, and use
knowledge gains importance in the process of globalization. However, Learners can
develop their critical thinking skills, obtain democratic values and ethics and apply their
knowledge independently in an effectively designed teaching-learning environment.
Additionally, future universities and other institutions are not thought only for the young,
they are expected to become more open to people of all ages who wish to further their
education, this is inevitable in the globalized world.

Globalization is a historical phenomenon that has been happening for decades

now, and whether it generates growth or not is a matter of whose point of view it is. The
western countries, especially America and some European nation, are the ones taking
full advantage of the benefits of globalization. On the other hand, some experts say that
globalization is not doing much for the developing countries, or that it may be even
worsening their scenarios of poverty and social inequality. But, the point is, is that
globalization, while it was primarily triggered by the emergence of a global market and
facilitated by the democratization of communication technologies, also caused cultural,
social and even political changes.

Try to think about the globalized world as a smaller world. What I mean by the
world is smaller is not that its territories are physically compressing, but the political and
economic boundaries between countries are getting thinner, making people interact
more and therefore feel like they are much closer to one another.
What we are trying to show you are that globalization involves a set of movements, and
that these movements are all interconnected. The first movement is economic, as you
already knew. To understand it, think about your daily life. Whenever you go to a big
supermarket, you find basic products, such as rice and orange juice, from all over the
world, from America to Japan; the jeans you liked in a store in your local store were
made in China; the pair of shoes you can buy in Tagum City was made in Singapore;
the Plasma TV you have in your living room was produced in China; and the car you
drive every day was fabricated in Germany. And its second movement is education. To
have a better understanding, this term paper will show you how is education influenced
by globalization? And try to highlight both its negative and positive impacts. In this way,
we want to expand on the concept of globalization from exclusively definitions to more a
humanistic method of globalization and its impacts to education and economy. Thus,
globalization is the most debatable subject in modern history.
Chapter V: Contribution of Globalization to Education and to our Economy

Globalization helps developing countries to deal with rest of the world increase
their economic growth, solving the poverty problems in their country. In the past,
developing countries were not able to tap on the world economy due to trade barriers.
They cannot share the same economic growth that developed countries had. However,
with globalization the World Bank and International Management encourage developing
countries to go through market reforms and radical changes through large loans. It is
clear to see that globalization has made the relationships between developed countries
and developing nations stronger, it made each country depend on another country.

According to Thirlwall (2003:13) " Developing countries depend on developed

countries for resource flows and technology, but developed countries depend heavily on
developing countries for raw materials, food and oil, and as markets for industrial
goods". One the most important advantages of globalization are goods and people are
transported easier and faster as a result free trade between countries has increased,
and it decreased the possibility of war between countries. Furthermore, the growth in the
communication between the individuals and companies in the world helped to raise free
trade between countries and this led to growth economy. However, globalization has
many economy and trade advantages in the developing countries, we must also note
the many disadvantages that globalization has created for the poor countries. One
reason globalization increases the inequality between the rich and poor, the benefits
globalization is not universal; the richer are getting rich and the poor are becoming
poorer. Many developing countries do benefit from globalization but then again, many of
such nations do lag behind. On the other hand, developed countries set up their
companies and industries to the developing nations to take advantages of low wages
and this causing pollution in countries with poor regulation of pollution. Furthermore,
setting up companies and factories in the developing nations by developed countries
affect badly to the economy of the developed countries and increase unemployment.
 Globalization contributed to develop the health and education systems in the
developing countries. We can clearly see that education has increased in recent years,
because globalization has a catalyst to the jobs that require higher skills set. This
demand allowed people to gain higher education. The development in communication
and transportation technology combined with free market ideology, has given goods,
services, and capital unprecedented mobility.

Globalization has a close relation with education. As education has an important

place in shaping a society, globalization has to be connected with education and the
global activities have a deep impact on it. Globalization of the world economies is
leading to increase emphasis on internationalization of the subjects included in a course
of study in school. It also creates the opportunities for new partnerships in research and
teaching with agencies and institutions across the world. Globalization is one of most
powerful worldwide forces that are transforming the basis of business competition,
paradoxically harkening an era in which small, local communities of practice may lead to
a prominent structural form. Communities of practice impeach organizations to build,
share and apply deeply of competence required to compete in a knowledge-based
global economy in every area, humanity lives an increase and rapid change. New
challenges force social, economic and cultural values. In the field of education a lot of
changes are expected duties of schools is to ameliorate the individual’s appropriateness
with the concept of globalization that changes traditional structure of education, which is
one of the main rapid changes today in universities and other institutions that are
redoubling their efforts to respond to social change. The main duty of a government in
the field of education is to design the educational activities that have been developed
according to strategic aims and to direct them with policies suitable for the aims.
Besides education is a major area of government expenditure and is a significant
potential target for human resources. The local authorities of each country can state the
local goal of education. Their aims can change according to the local needs and
necessities and may show differences from each other.
 It is a widely defined word with several connotations to many different people.
There has been a hot debate about globalization. Some people believe globalization is a
dangerous phenomenon which has changed the world in negative ways. To them,
globalization has brought undesirable consequences to society, affecting its peace. On
the other hand, another group of people regard globalization as a fruitful phenomenon,
making the world more connected and informed than ever before. They look at it as a
novel source for optimism in the world. It is clear that this group see various advantages
of globalization. Listed below are some points that highlight the positive and negative
impacts globalization in education has led to.

Globalization has radically transformed the world in every aspect. But it has
especially transformed the world economy which has become increasingly inter-
connected and inter-dependent. But it also made the world economy increasingly
competitive and more knowledge based, especially in the developed western countries.
Global education interconnects methods of teaching from worldwide systems to
encourage the international development of environmental sustainability, as well as
contribution toward fortifying global industries. These educational initiatives prioritize
global access to school from the primary to the university levels, instigating learning
experiences that prepare students for multinational leadership roles.

As education serves as foundational to global stability, the development of

multicultural awareness from an early age may integrate ideologies sourced from
various societies in order to arrive at well-balanced conclusions regarding issues that
surround the world as a whole. Globalization and education then come to affect one
another through mutual goals of preparing young people for successful futures during
which their nations will grow increasingly connected. With globalization some of the
challenges for knowledge, education and learning will provide today’s learners the ability
to be more familiar and comfortable with abstract concepts and uncertain situations.
Information society and global economy requires a holistic understanding of systems
thinking, including the world system and business eco-system. Globalization uses a
holistic approach to the problems. The interdisciplinary research approaches are seen
as critical to achieving a more comprehensive understanding the complex reality
currently facing the world system.

It enhances the student’s ability to manipulate symbols. Highly productive

employment in today’s economy will require the learner to constantly manipulate
symbols, such as political, legal and business terms, and digital money. Globalization
enhances the student’s ability to acquire and utilize knowledge. Globalization enhances
the ability of learners to access, assess, adopt, and apply knowledge, to think
independently to exercise appropriate judgment and to collaborate with others to make
sense of new situations. Globalization produces an increased quantity of scientifically
and technically trained persons. The emerging economy is based on knowledge as a
key factor of production and the industries demand the employees remain highly trained
in science and technology.

It encourages students to work in teams. To be able to work closely in teams is

the need for employees. Working in teams requires students to develop skills in-group
dynamics, compromise, debate, persuasion, organization, and leadership and
management skills. Globalization breaks the boundaries of space and time. Using
advanced information and communications technologies, a new system of knowledge,
education and learning should apply a wide range of synchronous and asynchronous
activities that aid teacher and student in breaking boundaries of space and time.

Globalization meets the knowledge, education and learning challenges and

opportunities of the Information Age. Knowledge based businesses often complain that
graduates lack the capacity to learn new skills and assimilate new knowledge.
Globalization makes it easier for businesses .Globalization creates and supports
information technologists, policy makers, and practitioners for the purpose of rethinking
education and supports mechanisms for the exchange of ideas and experiences in the
use of educational technologies. Globalization encourages explorations,
experimentation to push the frontiers of the potential of information technologies and
communications for more effective learning.
 Global sharing of knowledge, skills, and intellectual assets that are necessary to
multiple developments at different levels. Mutual support, supplement and benefit to
produce synergy for various developments of countries, communities and individuals.
Creating values and enhancing efficiency through the above global sharing and mutual
support to serving local needs and growth. Promoting international understanding,
collaboration, harmony, and acceptance to cultural diversity across countries and
regions. Facilitating communications, interactions, and encouraging multi-cultural
contributions at different levels among countries. The potential fallback of globalization
in education can be the increased technological gaps and digital divides between
advanced countries and less developed countries. Globalization in education may end
up creating more legitimate opportunities for a few advanced countries for a new form of
colonization of developing countries.

Globalization is the brand of today. The boom of globalization has opened gates
for economies both nationwide and worldwide. For the last decade’s governments get
hold of the systems in taking advantage of the opportunities for international business as
well as venture. Where there are some highly appreciated benefits of globalization to the
world has witnessed some extremely harmful effects of globalization too especially when
talking about Education.

The effects of globalization on education bring about fast expansions in

technology and communications are anticipating changes within learning systems
across the world as ideas, values, and knowledge, changing the roles of students and
teachers and producing change in society from industrialization towards an information-
based society. In the 21st century, education systems deal with the twofold challenge of
providing students with the new knowledge, skills and values needed to be competitive
in a global market while at the same time producing graduates who are responsible
adults, good citizens both of their country and of the world. Thus globalization
challenges us to rethink not only how much education is needed but also its ultimate
purposes.
 Globalization is increasing substantially and is creating new opportunities for both
industrialized and developing countries. The largest impact has been on developing
countries, which now are able to attract foreign investors and foreign capital. This has
led to both positive and negative effects for those countries.

Increased Standard of Living, economic globalization gives governments of

developing nation’s access to foreign lending. When these funds are used on
infrastructure including roads, health care, education, and social services, the standard
of living in the country increases. If the money is used only selectively, however, not all
citizens will participate in the benefits. Access to new markets, globalization leads to
freer trade between countries. This is one of its largest benefits to developing nations.
Home-grown industries see trade barriers fall and have access to a much wider
international market. The growth this generates allows companies to develop new
technologies and produce new products and services.

Widening disparity in incomes, while an influx of foreign companies and foreign

capital creates a reduction in overall unemployment and poverty, it can also increase the
wage gap between those who are educated and those who are not. Over the longer
term, education levels will rise as the financial health of developing countries rise, but in
the short term, some of the poor will become poorer. Not everyone will participate in an
elevation of living standards. Decreased employment, the influx of foreign companies
into developing countries increases employment in many sectors, especially for skilled
workers. However, improvements in technology come with the new businesses and that
technology spreads to domestic companies. Automation in the manufacturing and
agricultural sectors lessens the need for unskilled labor and unemployment rises in
those sectors. If there is no infrastructure to help the unemployed train for the globalized
economy, social services in the country may become strained trying to care for the new
underclass.

What role does globalization play in economic development? Depending on who

or what group you ask, the answers will widely vary. The role of globalization has proven
to be essential to a nation’s ability to yield the maximum potential from its available
resources. The maximization of those resources generally leads to the improved
economic development of the nation. The prosperous economic development that is
typically gained because of the increased interconnectedness among countries usually
results in a better standard of living, and an overall improved quality of life. The
successful economic development of a nation hinges on its ability to globalize. Given
that the international integration of national economies has such a profound effect,
globalization plays a central role in determining the future of the world.

Globalization is the process of international integration through acceptance and

exchange of each other’s goods, services, culture among others. Thus, virtually, it is a
process of vanishing of the borders between various countries. However, this
phenomenon is a twin-faced one, thus having both advantages and disadvantages. Let
us have an insight on them:

Advantages:

 With better exchanges of goods and services, each and everything is now available
everywhere in the world.
 The North(refers to the developed world) merges with the South(developing and
Least developed), thus leading to an era of overall technological advancement
which in turn has its huge advantages on literally every aspect including health,
education, poverty among others.
 Better relations between various nations who provide a jig-saw fit for each other.
For example. India provides a bulk of resources, both natural and human but it
lacks the required technology for a particular task which is possessed by Japan.
The latter is lacking young population. So, it would invest in India for good returns.
This way they provide a jig saw fit for each other.
 Cultural exchange is the best way to establish strong people-to-people links. This is
facilitated by globalisation.
 Joint efforts on common problems like climate change, terrorism, trade etc.
  Economic exchange in the form of trade and investment, which is a major
component of this process, is a good method of calming down the tensions
between any two countries.

Disadvantages:

 This process is leading to an era of Neo-colonialism, as the developed nations are

trying to assert their dominance in the name of globalisation.
 This has led to global lobbying by the developed nations in the developing ones so
that the latter does not overtake the former. For example, a report of IB, India
revealed that Greenpeace International of the U.S is hindering the progress of the
major Indian development projects.
 Cultural exchanges though tie people together, are leading to overshadowing of
one culture by another. For example. Overshadowing of western culture on the
Indian culture. This way even the pros of one’s own culture are subdued.
 Developing countries like India is facing a phenomenon called “brain-drain”, where
a huge chunk of India’s youth is preferring jobs/education in the developed
countries than their own. This will leave lesser scope of tapping the demographic
potential of the country.
 Terrorism has soared in the globalised world. This is due to multiple reasons:
 Developed nations’ tendency to interfere in the affairs of other nations to fulfil
their greed leads to upraising of some rebellion forces which later on turn to
become a terrorist group.
 Social Media which has facilitated the flow in info and also eased the people-
to-people contacts has become a facilitator of the terrorist activities as it
eases the radicalisation process across the globe.
 Cyber crimes are on a rise which has grave consequences when it comes to
security of a country.
 Globalization helps in a global technological advancement.
 But this advancement has negative consequences for the environment due
to increasing emissions and climate change.
  Also, with technological development decreases the dependency on manual
labor, which cuts down the employment opportunities leading to poverty and
crime as well.
 With dependence of technology for day-to-day things, health problems are
increasing.
 It leads to increasing urbanisation, a phenomenon where migration from rural to
urban areas increases. This is due to the perception of increased opportunities in
urban areas due to globalisation. Urbanisation has a grave impact on standard of
living, ecology, human indicators among others.
Recommendation

Globalization opens wide variety of global opportunities: international

employment, exports and imports, information and technology transfer, etc. Despite all
the nerve racking issues that it has confronted in these present days; its opportunities
are now the mainstream of the other nation's economic development. A nation’s
economic development is always coupled with the development of the educational
system. Globalization's "threat" to education should be considered in the light stream of
opportunity for Philippine education system to improve, thus, this nation will not be left
behind with the other nation's development by of course not compromising the loss of
the Filipino culture, including their native language. The archipelagic location of the
Philippines, We believed, it influence the Filipino's multilingual skills and fluency in
English, and we really believed that this will be accepted as the nation's core
competence compared to other Asian countries. Improving the Philippine education
system can somehow be done through matching, that is, match the education offered to
the Filipino that will enhance their global competency while at the same time conserving
their culture.
One of the richest country before was the Philippines but what we are
experiencing right now is different. The country needs to aim a higher income in order
for us to be in a developed country. As of now we are still a developing country and we
hope that we can be a developed one soon. Especially now that the country is doing its
best to compete with other countries. We need to improve the things that we are not
good at and we should maintain the things we are god at because it is where we can
generate money which can help the economy and the country a better place.
Findings

With the developed countries changing the world, We found out that in our
country it takes time to be a globalized one but with cooperation of the different sectors
of the economy we can achieve globalization soon. The economy of the Philippines
needs to be improved in a better and advanced way so that we can try to compete with
other countries. On the education, we need to enhance the way the teachers are
teaching to the students for them to be able to understand because they always said
that the children is future of our economy. We also found out that If there are
advantages of globalization which is starting to help our country but there are also
disadvantages that can damage or destroy our country if we abused it too much.

Just because of the globalization, there has been huge economical growth of the
companies. They have been more productive and thus given rise a more competitive
world. There is a competition in the quality of products, services, etc. Successful
companies of the developed countries are establishing their foreign branches to take
advantage locally through the low cost man labor than their home countries. Such type
of business activities are giving employment to the people of developing or poor
countries thus giving way to go ahead. Together with the positive aspects of the
globalization, negative aspects are not forgettable. There has been risk of epidemic
diseases by means of transportation from one country to another. There has been
proper control of the government of all countries on the globalization in order to reduce
its negative impacts on the human lives.

It has huge impacts to our system that we are experiencing. If we are going to be
a globalized country the Filipinos will have a higher standard in picking things which we
can say that we are becoming richer because of our choices and expectations. On the
educational system, It would be very easy because of the new technology brought by
globalization. It’s easy in a sense that It makes your education more convenient and
accessible. If we are going to be a globalized country in the future.