Outline of jazz

Jazz – musical style that originated at the beginning of the 20th

century in African American communities in the Southern United Jazz
States, mixing African music and European classical music
traditions.

Jazz is a music genre that originated from African American

communities of New Orleans in the United States during the late
19th and early 20th centuries. It emerged in the form of
independent traditional and popular musical styles, all linked by
the common bonds of African American and European American
musical parentage with a performance orientation.[1]
Louis Armstrong (1901–1971) is
Jazz spans a period of over a hundred years, encompassing a very
considered one of the pivotal
wide range of music, making it difficult to define. Jazz makes
heavy use of improvisation, polyrhythms, syncopation and the musicians in jazz for his
swing note,[2] as well as aspects of European harmony, American contributions as a trumpet player,
popular music,[3] the brass band tradition, and African musical composer and singer.
elements such as blue notes and African-American styles such as Stylistic Blues · folk · marches
ragtime.[1] origins · ragtime ·
classical music
Although the foundation of jazz is deeply rooted within the black
experience of the United States, different cultures have contributed Cultural Late 19th-century
their own experience and styles to the art form as well. Intellectuals origins United States
around the world have hailed jazz as "one of America's original art Typical Double bass · drums
forms".[4] instruments · guitar (typically
As jazz spread around the world, it drew on different national, electric guitar) ·
regional, and local musical cultures, which gave rise to many piano · saxophone ·
distinctive styles. New Orleans jazz began in the early 1910s, trumpet · clarinet ·
combining earlier brass-band marches, French quadrilles, biguine, trombone · vocals ·
ragtime and blues with collective polyphonic improvisation. vibraphone ·
Hammond organ ·
In the 1930s, heavily arranged dance-oriented swing big bands,
harmonica
Kansas City jazz, a hard-swinging, bluesy, improvisational style
. In jazz fusion of the
and Gypsy jazz (a style that emphasized musette waltzes) were the
prominent styles. Bebop emerged in the 1940s, shifting jazz from 1970s, electric bass,
danceable popular music towards a more challenging "musician's electric piano and
music" which was played at faster tempos and used more chord- synthesizer were
based improvisation. Cool jazz developed in the end of the 1940s, common.
introducing calmer, smoother sounds and long, linear melodic Derivative Funk · jump blues ·
lines.
forms reggae ·
The 1950s saw the emergence of free jazz, which explored playing rhythm and blues ·
without regular meter, beat and formal structures, and in the mid- ska · hip hop
1950s, hard bop emerged, which introduced influences from Subgenres
rhythm and blues, gospel, and blues, especially in the saxophone
Avant-garde jazz · Bebop · Big band
and piano playing. Modal jazz developed in the late 1950s, using · Chamber jazz · Cool jazz ·
the mode, or musical scale, as the basis of musical structure and Free jazz · Gypsy jazz · Hard bop ·
improvisation. Latin jazz · Mainstream jazz ·
Modal jazz · M-Base · Neo-bop ·
Jazz-rock fusion appeared in the late 1960s and early 1970s,
Post-bop · Soul jazz · Swing ·
combining jazz improvisation with rock music's rhythms, electric
instruments and the highly amplified stage sound. In the early Third stream · Traditional jazz
1980s, a commercial form of jazz fusion called smooth jazz (complete list)
became successful, garnering significant radio airplay. Other styles Fusion genres
and genres abound in the 2000s, such as Latin and Afro-Cuban
Acid jazz · Afrobeat · Bluegrass ·
jazz.
Dansband · Folk jazz · Free funk ·
Humppa · Indo jazz · Jam band ·
Jazzcore · Jazz funk · Jazz fusion ·
Contents Jazz rap · Kwela · Mambo ·
What type of thing is jazz? Manila Sound · Nu jazz · Nu soul ·
Punk jazz · Shibuya-kei · Ska jazz ·
Jazz genres
Smooth jazz · Swing revival ·
Jazz compositions World fusion
History of jazz Regional scenes
Jazz culture Australia · Azerbaijan · Brazil ·
Jazz organizations Canada · Cuba · France · Germany
Jazz publications · Haiti · India · Italy · Japan · Malawi
· Netherlands · Poland ·
Persons influential in jazz
South Africa · Spain ·
See also United Kingdom
References Other topics
External links Jazz clubs · Jazz standard ·
Jazz (word)

What type of thing is jazz?

Jazz can be described as all of the following:

Music – art and cultural form whose medium is sound and silence. Its common elements are
pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo,
meter, and articulation), dynamics, and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture. The word
derives from Greek μουσική (mousike; "art of the Muses").
Music genre – conventional category that identifies pieces of music as belonging to a
shared tradition or set of conventions. It is to be distinguished from musical form and
musical style, although in practice these terms are sometimes used interchangeably.

Musical instruments typically associated with jazz

Rhythm section instruments

Drum kit
Electric guitar
Jazz bass
 Jazz drumming
Jazz guitar
Jazz piano
"Lead instruments and lead vocals"

Saxophone
Trombone
Trumpet
Jazz violin
Vibraphone
Vocal jazz
Other

Banjo (early Dixieland jazz)

Bass guitar (post 1950s, especially post-1970s)
Clarinet (early Dixieland jazz and Swing-era jazz)
Tuba (early Dixieland jazz)

Jazz genres
Avant-garde jazz
Bebop
Big band
Chamber jazz
Continental jazz
Cool jazz
Dixieland or 'Early Jazz'.
Free jazz
Gypsy jazz
Hard Bop
Latin jazz
Mainstream jazz
M-Base
Neo-bop
Orchestral jazz
Post-bop
Soul jazz
Stride
Swing
Third stream
Traditional jazz
Traditional pop
Vocal jazz
Jazz fusion

Jazz fusion

Acid jazz
Afrobeat
Bluegrass
Bossa nova
Dansband
Free funk
Humppa
Jam band
Jazzcore
Jazz funk
Jazz fusion
Jazz rap
Kwela
Livetronica
Mambo
Manila Sound
Nu jazz
Nu soul
Punk jazz
Shibuya-kei
Ska jazz
Smooth jazz
Swing revival
World fusion

Regional scenes
Australian jazz
Azerbaijani jazz
Bossa nova
British jazz
Cuban jazz
Dutch jazz
French jazz
Indo jazz
Italian jazz
Japanese jazz
Jazz in Germany
Music of Malawi
Polish jazz
South African jazz
Spanish jazz
Local scenes
Cape jazz
Kansas City jazz
Dixieland
West Coast jazz

Jazz compositions

Jazz standards
Jazz standard – musical composition which is an important part of the musical repertoire of
jazz musicians, in that it is widely known, performed, and recorded by jazz musicians, and
widely known by listeners. Jazz standards include jazz arrangements of popular Broadway
songs, blues songs and well-known jazz tunes.
List of pre-1920 jazz standards
List of 1920s jazz standards
List of 1930s jazz standards
List of 1940s jazz standards
List of post-1950 jazz standards

Jazz discographies
Blue Note Records discography
BYG Actuel
Cobblestone Records
CTI Records
ECM
ESP-Disk
Flying Dutchman Records
Freedom Records
Groove Merchant
Impulse! Records discography
India Navigation
Landmark Records
Mainstream Records
Milestone Records discography
MPS Records discography
Muse Records discography
Prestige Records discography
Riverside Records discography
Strata-East Records
Verve Records discography

History of jazz
 Timeline of jazz education

Stylistic origins
Blues
Folk
March
Ragtime

Cultural origins
Early 1910s New Orleans

Mainstream popularity
1920s–1960s, although popularity and development as a genre persists into the present.

Derivatives
Jump blues
Rhythm and blues
Rock and roll
Ska
Reggae
Funk

Years in jazz
Pre-1920
1915 • 1916 • 1917 • 1918 • 1919
1920s
1920 • 1921 • 1922 • 1923 • 1924 • 1925 • 1926 • 1927 • 1928 • 1929
1930s
1930 • 1931 • 1932 • 1933 • 1934 • 1935 • 1936 • 1937 • 1938 • 1939
1940s
1940 • 1941 • 1942 • 1943 • 1944 • 1945 • 1946 • 1947 • 1948 • 1949
1950s
1950 • 1951 • 1952 • 1953 • 1954 • 1955 • 1956 • 1957 • 1958 • 1959
1960s
1960 • 1961 • 1962 • 1963 • 1964 • 1965 • 1966 • 1967 • 1968 • 1969
1970s
1970 • 1971 • 1972 • 1973 • 1974 • 1975 • 1976 • 1977 • 1978 • 1979
1980s
1980 • 1981 • 1982 • 1983 • 1984 • 1985 • 1986 • 1987 • 1988 • 1989
 1990s
1990 • 1991 • 1992 • 1993 • 1994 • 1995 • 1996 • 1997 • 1998 • 1999
2000s

Jazz culture
Big band
Improvisation
Jam session
"Jazz"
Jazz Age
Jazz band
Jazz drumming
Jazz poetry
Jazz royalty
Jazz standard
Jazz (word)
List of jazz clubs
List of jazz contrafacts
List of jazz festivals
Scat singing
Stride
Swing performance

Jazz organizations
List of jazz institutions and organizations

Jazz publications
JazzTimes
Down Beat
Jazz Review
Jazz Improv
All About Jazz

Persons influential in jazz

Jazz musicians
List of jazz musicians

Jazz musicians, by instrument

List of jazz bassists
List of jazz clarinetists
 List of jazz drummers
List of American jazz drummers
List of jazz guitarists
List of jazz organists
List of jazz percussionists
List of jazz pianists
List of jazz saxophonists
List of jazz trombonists
List of jazz trumpeters
List of jazz violinists
List of jazz vocalists

Jazz musicians, by genre

List of bebop musicians
List of chamber jazz musicians
List of cool jazz and West Coast jazz musicians
List of hard bop musicians
List of jazz fusion musicians
List of scat singers
List of ska-jazz musicians
List of smooth jazz musicians
List of soul-jazz musicians
List of swing musicians

See also
Glossary of jazz and popular musical terms
Outline of music
Victorian Jazz Archive

References
1. Hennessey, Thomas, From Jazz to Swing: Black Jazz Musicians and Their Music, 1917-
1935 (https://books.google.com/books/about/From_jazz_to_swing_black_jazz_musicians.ht
ml?id=nvskngEACAAJ). Ph.D. dissertation, Northwestern University, 1973, pp. 470-473.
2. Alyn Shipton, A New History of Jazz, 2nd edn., Continuum, 2007, pp. 4–5.
3. Bill Kirchner, The Oxford Companion to Jazz, Oxford University Press, 2005, Chapter Two.
4. Starr, Larry, and Christopher Waterman. "Popular Jazz and Swing: America's Original Art
Form." (http://iipdigital.usembassy.gov/st/english/publication/2008/08/20080812212457eaifa
s0.7410852.html#axzz3QeZKNVtc) IIP Digital. Oxford University Press, 26 July 2008.

External links
Jazz Foundation of America (http://www.jazzfoundation.org/)
Jazz @ the Smithsonian (http://www.smithsonianjazz.org/)
Encyclopedia of Jazz Musicians (http://www.jazz.com/encyclopedia/index/A)
 Alabama Jazz Hall of Fame website (https://web.archive.org/web/20101229140310/http://w
ww.jazzhall.com/)
Jazz Artist and Discography Resource (http://www.allmusic.com/)
Red Hot Jazz.com (https://web.archive.org/web/20101113041113/http://www.redhotjazz.co
m/)
Jazz at Lincoln Center website (http://www.jalc.org/)
Jazz At Lincoln Center Hall of Fame (https://web.archive.org/web/20101223102006/htt
p://www.jalc.org/halloffame/)
American Jazz Museum (https://web.archive.org/web/20000412133814/http://www.american
jazzmuseum.com/) website
The International Archives for the Jazz Organ (http://www.iajo.org/)
Classic and Contemporary Jazz Music (https://web.archive.org/web/20091211214859/http://j
azzinternetradio.myradiotoolbar.com/)
The Jazz Archive at Duke University (https://web.archive.org/web/20101202041601/http://lib
rary.duke.edu/specialcollections/collections/jazzindex.html)
Jazz Festivals in Europe (https://web.archive.org/web/20101115122257/http://jazzfests.net/)
Free 1920s Jazz Collection (https://archive.org/details/Free_20s_Jazz_Collection) available
for downloading at Archive.org
A List of Jazz Lists (https://web.archive.org/web/20101129054519/http://home.austarnet.co
m.au/petersykes/jazz100/jazzlinks.html)
"Outline of jazz collected news and commentary" (http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/tim
estopics/subjects/j/jazz/index.html). The New York Times.
Outline of jazz collected news and commentary (https://www.theguardian.com/music/jazz) at
The Guardian
Outline of jazz (https://curlie.org/Arts/Music/Styles/J/Jazz) at Curlie

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