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Defects - lamellar tearing

Identification

Visual appearance

Fracture face

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Metallography

Causes

1. Transverse strain - the shrinkage strains on welding must act in the short direction of the plate ie through the plate
thickness

2. Weld orientation - the fusion boundary will be roughly parallel to the plane of the inclusions

3. Material susceptibility - the plate must have poor ductility in the through-thickness direction

Factors to be considered to reduce the risk of tearing

Material

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Joint Design

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As tearing is more likely to occur in full penetration T butt joints, if possible, use two fillet welds, Fig. 4a.

Double-sided welds are less susceptible than large single-sided welds and balanced welding to reduce the stresses will
further reduce the risk of tearing especially in the root, Fig. 4b

Large single-side fillet welds should be replaced with smaller double-sided fillet welds, Fig. 4c

Redesigning the joint configuration so that the fusion boundary is more normal to the susceptible plate surface will be
particularly effective in reducing the risk, Fig. 4d

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Weld size

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Welding process

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Consumable

Preheating

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Buttering

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Acceptance standards

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Detection and remedial action

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