11

Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person

Quarter 1
Module 1: What is Philosophy?

Source: https://pixabay.com/images/search/philosophy/?pagi=2
Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person-Grade 11
Quarter 1 Module 1: What is Philosophy?

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Regional Director: Gilbert T. Sadsad

Assistant Regional Director: Jessie L. Amin

Development Team of the Module

Writer: MARLON B. NACUA

Editor: MARISSA D. NARTE, JOVELYN A. FLORECE

Reviewer: DARIO I. CABANELA, EPS / DARCY GUY Y. MAÑEBO, EPS

Illustrator: MARLON B. NACUA

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Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person-Grade 11

Quarter 1 Module 1: What is Philosophy?

I-Introduction

Have you ever come to a realization of what you want in life? Have you ever
found yourself wondering about the things you experienced or where your life is
headed? Have you ever encountered a situation where you had to think about the
“deeper” questions in life? These activities that follow will concretize your idea of
doing philosophy. With these you will be able to do a philosophical reflection on a
concrete situation from a holistic perspective

II-Objectives

By the end of this lesson you will be able to:

1. Distinguished a holistic perspective from a partial point of view.

(PPT11/12-Ia-1.1)
a. Define philosophy
b. Understand why there is a need to philosophize
c. Reflect on one’s personal philosophy in life

2. Realize the value of doing philosophy in obtaining a broad perspective.

(PPT11/12-Ib-1.3)
a. Discuss the characteristics of philosophy
b. Compare and contrast between holistic thinking and partial thinking.
c. Appreciate the value of reflection

3. Do a philosophical reflection on a concrete situation from a holistic

perspective. (PPT11/12-Ic-1.4 )

a. Identify the practical uses of philosophy in life.

b. Value the use of philosophy as SHS learners

III-Vocabulary List

Expanding Your Word Wealth

Read the following words to enhance your own vocabulary.

 Holistic thinking- refers to a perspective that considers large scale patterns

in systems.
 Partial thinking- focuses on specific aspects of a situation.
  Reflection requires a person to be willing to examine one’s thoughts,
feelings, and actions and to learn more about one’s life and experiences.

IV-Pre-Test

Directions: Identify what is asked in each given item. Write your answer in your
module notebook.

1. It is the study or discipline that uses human reason to investigate the

ultimate causes, reasons and principles which govern all things.
2. The Greek term for philosophy is “philosophia” which means_________.
3. It is an activity that requires a person to examine his/her thoughts,
feelings, and actions and learn from experience.
4. It is a perspective that considers the “bigger picture” when looking at
problems and situations.
5. It is a perspective that focuses on specific aspects of the situation.

V: Learning Activities

Read the short story and answer the following questions. Write your answer in your
module notebook.

Source:https://pixabay.com/images/search/philosophy/

Long ago six old men lived in a village in India. Each was born blind. The
other villagers loved the old men and kept them away from harm. Since the blind
men could not see the world for themselves, they had to imagine many of its
wonders. They listened carefully to the stories told by travellers to learn what they
could about life outside the village.

The men were curious about many of the stories they heard, but they were
most curious about elephants. They were told that elephants could trample forests,
carry huge burdens, and frighten young and old with their loud trumpet calls. But
they also knew that the Rajah's daughter rode an elephant when she travelled in her
father's kingdom. Would the Rajah let his daughter get near such a dangerous
creature?

The old men argued day and night about elephants. "An elephant must be a powerful
giant," claimed the first blind man. He had heard stories about elephants being used
to clear forests and build roads.

"No, you must be wrong," argued the second blind man. "An elephant must be
graceful and gentle if a princess is to ride on its back."

"You're wrong! I have heard that an elephant can pierce a man's heart with its
terrible horn," said the third blind man.

"Please," said the fourth blind man. "You are all mistaken. An elephant is nothing
more than a large sort of cow. You know how people exaggerate."

"I am sure that an elephant is something magical," said the fifth blind man. "That
would explain why the Rajah's daughter can travel safely throughout the kingdom."

"I don't believe elephants exist at all," declared the sixth blind man. "I think we are
the victims of a cruel joke."

Finally, the villagers grew tired of all the arguments, and they arranged for the
curious men to visit the palace of the Rajah to learn the truth about elephants. A
young boy from their village was selected to guide the blind men on their journey.
The smallest man put his hand on the boy's shoulder. The second blind man put his
hand on his friend's shoulder, and so on until all six men were ready to walk safely
behind the boy who would lead them to the Rajah's magnificent palace.

When the blind men reached the palace, they were greeted by an old friend from
their village who worked as a gardener on the palace grounds. Their friend led them
to the courtyard. There stood an elephant. The blind men stepped forward to touch
the creature that was the subject of so many arguments.

The first blind man reached out and touched the side of the huge animal. "An
elephant is smooth and solid like a wall!" he declared. "It must be very powerful."

The second blind man put his hand on the elephant's limber trunk. "An elephant is
like a giant snake," he announced.

The third blind man felt the elephant's pointed tusk. "I was right," he decided. "This
creature is as sharp and deadly as a spear."

The fourth blind man touched one of the elephant's four legs. "What we have here,"
he said, "is an extremely large cow."

The fifth blind man felt the elephant's giant ear. "I believe an elephant is like a huge
fan or maybe a magic carpet that can fly over mountains and treetops," he said.

The sixth blind man gave a tug on the elephant's coarse tail. "Why, this is nothing
more than a piece of old rope. Dangerous, indeed," he scoffed.
The gardener led his friends to the shade of a tree. "Sit here and rest for the long
journey home," he said. "I will bring you some water to drink."

While they waited, the six blind men talked about the elephant.

"An elephant is like a wall," said the first blind man. "Surely we can finally agree on
that."

"A wall? An elephant is a giant snake!" answered the second blind man.

"It's a spear, I tell you," insisted the third blind man.

"I'm certain it's a giant cow," said the fourth blind man.

"Magic carpet. There's no doubt," said the fifth blind man.

"Don't you see?" pleaded the sixth blind man. "Someone used a rope to trick us."

Their argument continued and their shouts grew louder and louder.

"Wall!" "Snake!" "Spear!" "Cow!" "Carpet!" "Rope!"

"Stop shouting!" called a very angry voice.

It was the Rajah, awakened from his nap by the noisy argument.

"How can each of you be so certain you are right?" asked the ruler.

The six blind men considered the question. And then, knowing the Rajah to be a very
wise man, they decided to say nothing at all.

"The elephant is a very large animal," said the Rajah kindly. "Each man touched only
one part. Perhaps if you put the parts together, you will see the truth. Now, let me
finish my nap in peace."

When their friend returned to the garden with the cool water, the six men rested
quietly in the shade, thinking about the Rajah's advice.

"He is right," said the first blind man. "To learn the truth, we must put all the parts
together. Let's discuss this on the journey home."

The first blind man put his hand on the shoulder of the young boy who would guide
them home. The second blind man put a hand on his friend's shoulder, and so on
until all six men were ready to travel together.

Source:https://www.peacecorps.gov/educators/resources/story-blind-men-and-
elephant

Or watch

Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vn9BUfUCL4I

The six blind men and the elephant

Process questions:

What is the moral lesson of the story?

Do you see the truth in partiality or holistically? Explain.

Discussion

(Read the passage and answer the following activity in your module notebook)

Throughout your life, you have wondered about many things which lead us to
ask a lot of questions. By nature, human beings are inquisitive. We ask questions to
try and make sense of our world and experiences. Young children are very curious,
and we often hear them ask simple and silly questions such as: “What is this?” “What
does this do?” “Why are trees tall? “Why is the sky so far away?” These queries may
be easily ignores because of their simplicity, but these indicate a healthy curiosity
and sense of wonder which is an important feature of childhood innocence.

As you older, your questions are influenced by your experiences and

circumstances. We find ourselves asking more “serious” questions such as: “Why do
I have to study?” “What do I need to do to get better grades?” “Why can’t I have
more friends?” “What should I do to achieve my goals in life?” “Why did I fail?” “What
can I do to do better?” You may have also heard your parents and other older people
ask questions about various concerns such as: “Would it be better to apply for a new
job?” “Did I make the right choice in buying this property?” “How do I deal with
difficult people at work?” People ask these questions to help them plan and decide
on certain tasks. These are the questions that we often hear in everyday
conversations.

Still there are other questions that make us pause and think. You often
encounter these “deep” questions in serious conversation, in the books you read, the
songs you hear on the radio, and even in the movies you watch. Some of these
questions include: “What is love?” “Is love worth giving up everything?” “Where can
one find true happiness?” “Does the end justify the means?” “Why do good people
suffer?” “Why is there injustice in this world?” “What can we do to make the world a
better place?” “Why do I have to be a good person?”

A big part of living is spent pondering many questions, and our lives become
more meaningful because we search for answers to these innumerable questions.
This is the essence of philosophy-the search for answers to life questions.

Activity 1
 Read the following news headlines. What “simple”, “serious”, and “deep”
questions come to mind when you read them? Write them in your notebook.

Flash floods in remote village kill a hundred people

Abused child kept chained in basement for five years finally
rescued
Man sentenced to ten years for stealing milk to feed his baby
Lotto winner donates half of winnings to local orphanage

Personal Reflection:

What questions about your life are you struggling to find answers to? (Write
them in your notebook)

Activity 2

What words come to mind when you hear the word philosophy? Copy
the graphic organizer in your notebook and write the words in the blank
circles

Philosophy
 The word philosophy comes from two Greek words: philos (love) and Sophia
(wisdom). The ancient Greeks used this term to refer to “love of wisdom” and they
soon applied it to the study or discipline that uses human reason to investigate the
ultimate causes, reasons, and principles which govern all things. People who engage
in philosophy are called philosophers or “lovers of wisdom”. Among the ancient
Greeks, the philosophers became pioneers in various fields of knowledge such as
history, biology, medicine, mathematics, astronomy, and even physics. It was quite
common to hear of ancient philosophers who were “experts” in various fields of
learning.

Since ancient times, philosophers have been pondering some of the most
enduring questions regarding human existence. The following are some of them.

What is real? Are we able to perceive and understand reality and

everything in it?

How do we know what we know? Are the things that we know true?

What is the ultimate cause of all things? What is our purpose in this
world?

To what extent are our choices and action considered “free”?

Personal Reflection: (Write your answer in your module notebook)

1. What does it mean to be a lover of wisdom? What characteristics should a

philosopher possess?
2. What other philosophical questions have you asked yourself? What led
you to ponder those questions?
3. Do you think that you will be able to figure out the answers to philosophical
questions? Explain.

Why is there a need to philosophize?

Philosophers have often wondered and argued about the role of philosophy in
man’s life. One view is that each one of us is a philosopher, whether or not we have
studied philosophy. We have all the potential to philosophize since we have the
tendency to wonder and doubt. We possess the capacity to reflect on our
experiences, and we have a never-ending need to learn and discover.

The Greek philosopher Plato traced man’s need to philosophize to his sense
of wonder. Whenever we are confronted with an experience, we always wonder
how it came about. Man’s over bounding curiosity drives him to ask questions, some
of which have no definite answers. Where did we come from? Why do we exist? For
what purpose were we created? Consider a small child’s curiosity about all the things
around him, most of which he encounters for the first time. This perspective drives
the need of a philosopher to question, examine, and learn more.
 The 15th-century French philosopher Rene Descartes traced the need to
philosophize to doubt. Descartes was famous for rejecting or questioning
established ideas, and he even went as far as doubting his own ideas. His method of
examining ideas and perspectives became the basis of critical thinking and analysis
of sciences. For example, a scientific hypothesis must be tested and verified before it
is accepted as truth. In life, we will be faced with several ideas and arguments which
present themselves as “truths”. A critical and questioning perspective is necessary to
determine if indeed these ideas or views are correct or true.

The 20th-century Swiss-German philosopher Karl Jaspers saw the need to

philosophize because of experience. Jaspers believed that man is often confronted
by the experiences which challenge his ideas and frameworks. Jaspers called these
experiences limit situations, and these are often accompanied by feelings of
helplessness, anxiety, or dread. For jaspers, philosophy provides us a means to
understand adverse or challenging conditions, and to rise above them and gain new
knowledge and perspectives.

Finally, the need to philosophize is driven by the love of wisdom. To love

wisdom is to have an insatiable desire for truth. A philosopher does not seek
knowledge to claim ownership of it, and one who engages in philosophy is not
satisfied with figuring out the answer to a question. He seeks to continue to question,
to probe, and to discuss in order to get the bottom of the things. The philosopher
who exemplified this perspective was Socrates. He gained fame for his curiosity and
his constant debates with many of the intellectual elite in Greece. Socrates was
famous for having said “ I know that I do not know…” and it is accepting this state of
ignorance that one can begin to learn and understand. By expanding our knowledge
through philosophy, we begin to realize that the learning is unceasing-there is a lot
more to learn and experience in life. Socrates is also recognized for his motto: “the
unexamined life is not worth living”. And nowhere is it more appropriate to embark on
philosophy than in an examination of our own life.

Questions: (Answer in your notebook)

1. What are the reasons that compel a person to engage in philosophical

thinking?
2. How can you as a person benefit from philosophizing?

How do we characterize the study of philosophy?

Just as there are many ways of looking at a problem, philosophers have

employed varied means of looking into the fundamental questions regarding human
condition. This has given rise to various viewpoints, thoughts, and approaches in
philosophy.
 One way of looking at philosophy is to consider it as a way of analyzing
frameworks. A framework is defined as a way of thinking about the world and is
composed of the views and beliefs of a person. Whenever a person encounters a
problem or question in life, he or she often goes back to his her own framework in
order to make sense of the problem. Questions dealing with our own correctness
and values are considered internal questions which can be addressed using our
own personal frameworks.

Also, there are external questions that seek to question the very frameworks
upon which people base their own beliefs and views. For instance, a child is going
through the bitter experience of his or her parents’ separation will be in a state of
confusion as his or her experience does not conform to his or her personal
framework of what a family should be. In this case, the child begins to question the
very framework of what a family should be. In this case, the child begins to question
the very framework or concept of family that he or she has built based on previous
experiences. By questioning his or her ideas and concepts, the child has already
touched on an important aspect of philosophy. The child seek to clarify, examine,
and evaluate the basis of frameworks which he or she uses to deal with the world
and give meaning to his her experiences.

Philosophy can also be thought of as an examination of a particular area of

knowledge. The central principle in philosophy is examination and questioning, and
this is often applied in the analysis of the frameworks of other sciences. Philosophy
goes hand in hand with other disciplines in examining their fundamental purposes
and evaluating the changes they experience. There is philosophy of science, which
seeks to understand the fundamental principles that guide scientific thought. There is
also a philosophy of religion, which examines the basic tenets of any faith. There is
philosophy of education, political philosophy, philosophy of history-every aspect of
knowledge can benefit from the enquiring nature of philosophy.

Philosophy itself is a distinct area of knowledge with its own goals,

concerns, and ways of doing things. It is often divided into several branches each
of which deals with a particular aspect of phenomena.

Aesthetics-deals with beauty and what make things “beautiful”

Logic-is the branch of philosophy which deals with correct reasoning.

Epistemology-discusses the nature of knowledge and knowing.

Ethics-is the branch which deals with moral questions and dilemmas.

Metaphysics-is a branch of philosophy which deals with questions regarding reality

and existence.

Political philosophy-studies governments and deals with questions of justice,

power and rights and obligations of citizens.

Philosophy of the Human Person-is an area in philosophy that understands the

human person from a philosophical perspective-integrating and synthesizing the
different branches of philosophy and other fields of study to know the truth about the
human person.

Philosophy is a reflective and meditative activity, and it has no designated

subject matter of its own. It is also a method of mental exercise on any type of
experience. When confronting human experience, philosophers often employ tools
that engage the mind in analyzing problems and situations. For instance, in
discussing complex philosophical issues, philosophers often thought experiments.
Individuals also engage in this form of philosophizing when they ponder possible
consequences regarding their actions. When one imagines certain alternatives and
possible outcomes, one already engages in philosophy.

Analyze the characteristics of philosophy by filling out the graphic organizer. (Answer
it in your module notebook)

Philosophy

Questions: (Answer in your module notebook)

1. Based on the characteristics of Philosophy, would it be possible for any

person to engage in philosophical discussion? Why or why not?
2. What is the difference between holistic thinking and partial thinking?

Read the following passage and answer the process questions

Holistic thinking refers to a perspective that considers large-scale patterns in

systems. This is often described as looking at the “bigger picture” when describing
and analyzing a situation or problem. A holistic perspective requires an individual to
have an open mindset and an ability to get the general sense or impression
regarding a situation. Partial thinking, on the other hand, focuses on specific
aspects of the situation. The partial view is an important component of analytical
thinking, as an individual focuses on certain areas or aspects of a problem in order to
understand it. Though partial thinking is useful, philosophy utilizes holistic thinking in
making sense of problems and issues related to the human experience.

People tend to apply analytical perspective when looking at problems or

situations. For instance, doctors often focus on specific set of symptoms to
determine the cause of a patient’s illness. Once a particular cause has been
identified, the doctor then prescribes the appropriate medicine and other treatments
to address the illness. In the case of a person who experiences a stomach ache, a
doctor may prescribe the appropriate medicine that will address the physical causes
of the problem. A holistic perspective, however, requires the doctor to look at the
“bigger picture” and view the patient’s illness as an aspect of his or her lifestyle and
personal circumstances. When using this perspective, a doctor may be able to
identify other underlying causes of illness. The doctor can interview the patient and
get an idea of his or her situation. In the case of the patient with stomach problems,
the doctor’s inquiry into his or her habits and lifestyle may lead to the discovery that
fatigue and stress may be the factors that cause the illness. Knowing this, the doctor
can advise the patient to make changes in his or her habits to reduce stress and
eventually improve his or her well-being.

A holistic perspective can enable a person to step back and consider the
general aspects of a certain problem. In the case of an argument among friends,
would it be beneficial to take one side or act as a mediator and try to reconcile all
sides? Should we simply condemn a person who misbehaved in a video that has
gone viral? Or should we reserve judgment until we get all the facts regarding what
made that person act in that manner? Adopting a holistic approach in thinking
encourages us not only to be more critical but also to be more considerate in dealing
with others.

A holistic view also gives rise to a more appreciative perspective about life, as
we are able to look at life in its totality. This means that we try to understand a
situation from different vantage points so we can see it more fully. Just as we savor
food in its entirety and not just its specific “flavors”. All the positive and negative
experiences in our life come together to give meaning to our existence, and we learn
to appreciate our individual experiences as vital aspects of a larger and more
meaningful life.

Process questions:

1. Cite a situation where you adopted a holistic view in looking at a problem or

situation. How did adopting a holistic view help you make sense of the
situation?
2. How can having a holistic view help us become a better person?

Venn diagram

(Compare and contrast partial thinking and holistic thinking. Answer in your
notebook)

Partial Holistic

Thinking Thinking
How does one engage in reflection?

Reflection requires a person to be willing to examine one’s thoughts,

feelings, and actions and to learn more about one’s life and experiences. One can
reflect on almost any subject. For instance, the moment you wake up you can
already reflect upon the things that you plan to do for the day. This will enable you to
set your daily goals and set you on the path of thinking ways to achieve them.

Seemingly simple or mundane actions take a whole new meaning when one
engages in reflection. When buying clothes, for example, think of the questions that
you ask yourself as you consider buying the t-shirt or blouse your holding. You may
start with simple questions: “Will this fit me?” “Do I look good in this color?” These
are the usual questions any buyer would ask himself or herself.

But since we are in a reflective and philosophizing mood, let us now try and
think of “deeper” questions and reflect on the situation. You may find yourself asking
the following questions: “Do I even have to buy a new t-shirt today?” “Am I better off
spending my money on other things?” “Do I see myself wearing this shirt often, or
am I just going to wear it once?” “What sort of person wears this kind of shirt?”

Notice the difference when you engage in reflection. The simple task of
buying a shirt becomes something much more. If you concentrate only on the simple
questions, you would just buy that shirt immediately. But reflection allows you an
opportunity to think more deeply about your action, your motivations for doing such
an action, and even its possible consequences. Buying a shirt becomes a much
more meaningful act with the aid of reflection. Constant reflection on your possible
purchases may even help you make wiser choices and improve your spending habits
in the future.

Reflection is vital in ensuring that our actions and decisions are well thought
out and done with due regard for their implications and consequences on ourselves,
others, and our surroundings. Reflection helps us understand ourselves and our
actions better. When we reflect, we can judge whether our actions or decisions are
reasonable or not. Taking time to analyze your decisions and actions is one vital skill
that will greatly help you encounter more challenges in life.

Engage in reflection on the following situations. List down the simple, serious,
and deep questions you would ask yourself in these situations. (Answer in your
module notebook)

1. You go into a restaurant and the waiter hands you a menu. You are deciding
which dish to order.
 2. You and your friends are deciding on a “fun” thing to do while at the mall.
3. You open your wallet and saw that you still have a hundred pesos left from
your weekly allowance.

What are the practical uses of philosophy?

Philosophy has an important place in our daily lives. Engaging in philosophical

reflection leads to the development of beneficial skills that individuals can apply in
everyday situations.

Philosophy enables a person to engage in critical analysis and interpretation

of concepts, definitions, arguments, and problems. It also trains us to be critical of
our own ideas as well as of others- meaning, we don’t simply accept or reject
whatever is presented to us. One can apply this critical and analytical mindset in
processing information gained from the media and addressing certain issues
encountered in life. Critical thinking skills help us avoid being tricked by dales claims
or manipulative schemes.

Philosophy also improves problem solving and decision making. The ability to
analyze a problem or dilemma, identify its significant aspects, and come up with
alternative solutions is an important skills learned through philosophy.

A philosopher is a good communicator who can clearly and adequately

present his or her ideas. Discussion and debate require skills in presenting and
communicating ideas. Philosophy can also help us to be more open to new and
different ideas. Communication skills are also enhanced by the study of philosophy
because it trains us to be very clear and precise about our thoughts and sentiments
in order to express exactly what we want to say.

Wisdom is one intended product of philosophizing, and this refers to a

person’s ability to apply knowledge to daily life particularly in making sound choices
and judgment.

Finally, knowledge of Philosophy can contribute to self-development. One can

be a better student, scientist, artist, professional, and citizen if he or she has the
capacity for inquiry, critical thinking, and reflection. In addition, philosophy
encourages a person to know oneself, his or her strengths and weaknesses,
establish an identity, and determine his or her purpose in life. Self-knowledge also
grows along with one’s understanding of the world and this is essential to the
realization of the self. These are tools to develop one’s own ideas and views and
engage fully in useful activities in the community, nation, and the world at large.

Think: (Answer in your module notebook)

1. How can philosophy help you succeed as a student?

2. How can philosophy help you become a productive individual and citizen?
VI-Practice Task

1. Discuss with your family members a problem or issue important to your family.
Write down their views and use them as bases to come up with a solution
based on a holistic perspective. Use the graph as guide in conducting the
discussion.

Problem or issue important to my family

My mother’s views

My Father’s views

My brother’s/sister’s views

My own views

Other important views or things to consider

Solution

2. Make a poster showing holistic view of your life. Come up with a creative
visualization that will show your life in its totality and how various experiences
contributed to give meaning to your life.

Rubrics for Poster-Making

Criteria Rating
The poster clearly conveys the information and message 1 2 3 4 5

The poster shows effective use of technique and good 1 2 3 4 5

choice of material
The poster is creative and artistic 1 2 3 4 5
The students show effective time and work management 1 2 3 4 5
in making the poster
Total (20 pts)

3. Apply a holistic perspective in understanding a popular issue in society.

Choose an issue currently being discussed in media. What is your stand on
the issue? Explain.

VII. Post Test

1. It is the study or discipline that uses human reason to investigate the ultimate
causes, reasons and principles which govern all things.

2. The Greek term for philosophy is “Philosophia” which means_________.

3. It is an activity that requires a person to examine his/her thoughts, feelings, and

actions and learn from experience.

4. It is a perspective that considers the “bigger picture” when looking at problems

and situations.

5. It is a perspective that focuses on specific aspects of the situation.

6. The Greek philosopher Plato believes that philosophy is brought about by man’s
sense of ______.

7. He believes that person engage in philosophy in order to make sense of difficult

life experiences.

8. Rene Descartes considers this as a reason why people philosophize.

9. It refers to a way of thinking about the world and is made up of a person’s views
and beliefs.

10. These are questions that examine personal ideas regarding correctness and
values.

VIII- Assignments

Make a reflection journal where you will answer the following questions:

1. Among the needs that drive man to philosophize, which is most relevant to
you?
2. What philosophical questions do you wish to be answered as you study this
module? List down five.
3. Can you say that you have lived a meaningful life, considering all your
experiences and achievements? What do you consider as the “highlights” of
your life? What things are you looking forward to in the future?

IX. Answer Key

Pre-test

1. Philosophy
2. Love of wisdom
3. Reflection
4. Holistic thinking
5. Partial thinking

Post test
 1. Philosophy
2. Love of wisdom
3. Reflection
4. Holistic thinking
5. Partial thinking
6. Wonder
7. Karl Jaspers
8. Doubt
9. Framework
10. Internal questions

References:

Abella, Roberto D. Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person.

Quezon City. C & E Publishing, Inc.

Ramos, Christine Carmela R. 2016. Introduction to the Philosophy of the

Human Person. Manila. Rex Bookstore Inc.