‘Mup Poccuu. 2001. No 4 59 Poccusa B MexKCTpaHOBOM aHaAH3e CHHTeTHYeCKMX KaTeropHii KayeCTBa *%KM3HH HaceAeCHHA Yacmb I, Memogonorua axaausa u npumep ee npumenenua CA. AMBA3AH Aaron acre craren nocenwena, # ocHoanom, npo6neme pazpaGorKn merogonorn Ccrarmcrmeckoro ananaa paanwuneik cniTeri4eckix KAT@rOPni KaveCTes MSH HOC evn crpan, noaeonnoulero NPOROAMTs MemCTPAHORDIe max;pOIKOHOMMYECKIE COND crasnenns w crpowrs peiinrn. Cneunanstomy ananusy nonomennn Poccin # KOH Tekere nposoannoro meMerpeHOvOro aHannad, M, # 4@CTHOCTH, Hay-eHHO NOBHTHBHMIX h werarusneix mpoyeccos, XapaKrepHayioupex AWNAMMKY «POCEHCKO TPaeXtopHn» & nocneanee aecarnnerne XX 8., Byer Nocenuyena 2-n wacte crarsn. Onncuisaeman me rogonorus axcnepumenransio anpoBypyercs Ha maKPODKOHOMMYeCKiNX Aartnsix «The World Competitiveness Yearbook. — Edition IMD International, Lausanne» no 47 erp. Ham mupa 38 1996—1999 rr. Merononornn ocHovana na cneuiansnoro aNiae cEeprKe aaa vacrnax (crarncravecky perncrpypyemsix) noKazarenel paannvnbix acneKroe KOECTBA MHIHH, 8 TOKKE HO NEKOTOPHIX MBTOA8K MNOFOKPHTEPHANHOTO PAHMHPORE- hus oBvenros. Bsegensi w npoaannanposans: noKazarenn aBTO- 4 MEN{CTPANOBOH Ai- Homan nnTerpanvneix cBoicre KavecTae ManM, NOBBONROUYTe CPaBHineaTs 80 Bpeme- hn wavecrao sonaH crpavie! OrHocHTeMaHO cen camon (aBToannemnnn) H OTHOCHTENE- no apyrnx crpan (memcrpanosas annennna). [lemonerpupyercs paborocnocobHocts RPeAMOmeHHOrO NOAXOAR NPM CPABHITENLHOM MKPOIKOHOMMNCEKOM AHONHIB MH MO- erpoennn pesiranros crpan: Bseaenue TIpo6newa asexenis 1 uaMepenin mirrerpanbiux KaTeropuit KaeCTBA XH3HI Hace- siesta (KKH) 6e3 nOnonHifTeMbHENX pasEACHEHUt BLIEARUET ypeauepno awBuyiuo3- tod, sTakoh mpeTeHsHelt Ha eoTkpsiTite buttocorpcKorO Kane. Bem HX YonoBHas ‘onTinMiauis (pH pasiH-HOTO POA KIMAATHMECKIE, LOAIETHNECKIEX 1 pECYPCHBIX OrpanneHisex) osBomWa Ost OnpesENsTs OTUMAIHBIE TPAeKTOPHE COLNTANHO- SKOHOMHMECKOTO H 3KOOO-AEMOrpAdHYecKOrO pasBUTHIX CTpAH (perHoHoD). Tlootomy, crasx nepem coGolt len MOCTpOEHHK HHTETpANBHBNX HEMUEKATOPOB, 10- auonmoulix ouesiubaTe B onpeneneNnof Kane paannuible cuttreTitieckue KaTero- + lennon cmamsa soem Gums uonossroeana # kavecmae y4e6n020 Mamepuaa K KypCas «Coyuanonte unduxamopse, «Cowuosoeun nompeGrenuae60 CA, Aiea iti kavecrea HOH HaceneHHs crpaHt (PerHOHa), MBI omKHBI cpasy Xe cxenaTE iba noACHEHHS Bo-nepatix, uitrerpaibuite vetanaTopit paanisHibix culTerHIecKHX Kareropitt kavecrsa xu3Hit (HMI) nacenenus, nonyvaenble B iite creWiarbitx ceepmox pita YacTHBsx KpiTepies artaausmpyeNoro CholicTha KaveCTHa 2xHDHK (PerucTpHpY- {eMbIX CTATHCTHMECKH MOKABATEACi), HNEIOT YesoeNNl cMBICA H ozpanuvennoe spens u seco deiicmaur, 8 PaMKaX KOTOPEIX OME MOTYT aleKBATHO OrpaxATh AeHiCTBHTEA- Hoe monoxenue ex, B 4acrHOcTH, yaemBHB Beca OTACTBHBIX NACTHAIX KPHETEpHER KaYecToa KISH, ONPENEARIONINE HX IHANMOCTH B BUMCAEHHH WHTerpanssioro naKaropa ator oKasaTeAR, MOTYT cYULeCTBEHHO MeNLETHCA B NpOCrpAHCTaE 1 _Bpemeitt B 3aBiicHMOCTHt OT KOHKPETHLIX [OGANHO-HICTOpUNECKHX YCnOBIi HSH oGuecTaa. HeticranTersio, OcHOBHBIE cHOMICTBA KaYeCTRA XHOHHt HaceNeHUN Gop= Mupyiorex 1 npomsamoTeR 8 ero CTOCOGHOCTH anamtTupoRaTECA K OKPYKAIOUeMY MupY, 8 e70 ssauMOnelICTONK C eBHELIKHMH OBteKranat> (rpousBorcTBOM, OtHC~ cracinintn imicTiTyTaMH, MPAPOAKOR cpesOf CT. 1.) H ApyT ¢ ApyroM. Ho Ha6op OGueKTos, c KOTOPEIMIE HARMONENICTAYET HAaCeNeHMe, UCTOPHNECKH WaMeHACTEH, Hockonsky passitOTCH MPOHBBONITENDHBE CHLAAL 1 HoTpeGHOCTH HaceeHIAN, 13 MeHeTES MECTO 'es}ONEKa D MpHONE 1 caMO OGULECTBO. TIpuwepow yenoxers ssauwonelicTaWs NeNOBEKA € OXPYXKAIOWUIM NItPOM 1 OABICHNA MpAKTHNYECKH HOBBIX COCTARAAIOUIMX B CHHTETHMECKOMt KATETOpHH BEIC~ lutero yponis «Kavectso xiii ceromHs MOKET CAYALITS axmponozeneul axmop 6 okoI02UU H, B MACTHOCTH, CTIOCOBHOCTS HaceNeHH MABECTH pHpOXY K HeOGpaTH- DMboM panpylWeHHAM WK MpenoTApATETS Hx. Bps.amx 3ra cocramnMOUa urpata CKOmb- Ko-1HOyab sameTHyio pons eute 60 ner Hasan, Baecte ¢ TeM B KAKI KOHKpeTI HeTOpHYECKHl MOMEHT HaGop «BHeUIEHX OFBeKTOB®, BO RIAMIMOMCIICTBNIH C KOTO iin GopsupyioTes H NpoRBAMOTEH OcHOBHDIE CooficTHA KaviecTBA AUIS, GeCKO- exo pastiooGpasen. MosTomy sitcn0 i cocTas caoiicTs, Ob wemHHeMBIX (ctHITeSH- yenuix) B MHtTerpaabHoft xapakrepucruKe «KavecTso Au2HH», OBYCHOBEHBK TAK- Xe cyeeKmushwstu GAKTOPAMIK K SABHCAT OT MONHOTSL HALMUX 3HaKUt. Bo-BTopurx, MeTononorHA nocTpoeHIEA H HteTepmperautit MMKXK donxnss Gums ‘newuipuuuposants nod Konxpemawe munts 3ada% wx npuxaadnoz0 uenossaoeaHua. Anam creuwanbitolt AHTepaTyPSI, MOCBALLEHHOH ITOH TeMe, Tlo3BO:LCT Mt BecTH crenyiouLNe THNB! Satay COMHATEHO-SKOHOMHECKOTO anlaH9a H yrpawe~ Mua, npx pewernt KoTOpEX cyilecTBEHHO HeMIOMBayioTeA MoKasaTeAH HHTeTpaTb~ HOTO HHAMKaTOpa CHITETHUECKHX KaTeTOpHit KaMieCTBA UHH: + Mexcrpanionuie H MexperHonamHble CONOCTABLEM, a TAKKE pe“TTHHTH H UX NpuMeHeHHe B coBepUIENCTHODANHM MexAHHGMOB ypannentin [The World Competitiveness; Aiieasan 20016]; + MHKX kax noxasameau cmenenu docmuscenua yeseii ¢ ynpaeenuu couuassno- 2konomuneckun paséumuen pecuona [ITempoe 1997; Aiteasnn 2000]; + HHK ¢ npobsene onmunusayuu adpecnocmu cowuassnod nomouu nasouny- ‘uum cnoan naceaenus [Sen 1985; Bourguignon, Fields 1990; Aieasnn, Konenuoe 2001); ‘+ widuxcamopes couuarsnod nanpaacennocmu, Ypoana Koppyn4uu, coxuaseHoti namono~ euu, unyuecmsennol Oufrbepenuayuu Kacenenut mpu anasne u ympacsenue ‘comuaasuo-noaumuveckum «00posneM o6iecmea [Aiigazan 2000];Poceun ¢ mexcempanoeon anasuse. 61 + usnepenue gusureckozo sdopoaes ofuecmea c noMoWdio uNdukamopos muna aundexe sdoposen, exavecmao nacenenusr, eundeKc pareumuA HexoeerecKoe0 NO~ ‘menxuata» | Cazpados 1995; Human development report 1990; Medkos 1991]; ‘+ ccaedosanue ocobennocmelt naquonassuodl (pecuonasenol) Meumasonocmu x ‘cucmemss yennocmelic naxowsio nocmpoenus paswoz0 poda wamepumensnvx wien a Ga3e pesyasmamos cnequaasusx ankemnux o6enedoaanult nacesenun [Aiteasan, Tepacusoea 1998; Bowling 1994). ‘por TeoperH4eckix H NpuxaamHeIX paGor No AAHHEIM HanpaBneNIWAM HecAe~ soBaniit pecuMa LINIpOK. Oto MonTsepALAeT AKTYATAHOCTE H PeaNHCTHMHOCT, MpO- Guests sneaerina cHHTeTIMeCKHX KaTeropulil KAeCTBA KOHL Ht PapaBOTKH MeTO:O- HOTHMeCKHIX OCHOB NOCTPOEHNA cOOTBeTCTBYIOMLUX HOMEpHTeeH STIX KATETOpHI B BiUle CrleuHansee4x mHTerpambHbNX KHULHKATOPOR, Henbaa He ytonanyts 0 paSorax, MocsauleMHENX HayYeHIO Kavecmea aeusHN undusudyysa [Bowling 1994). B aux paGorax HenocpeacrReNtibiM O6beKTOM ananHsa annseren cucmema pynxyuonaonecx nompebuocmell undueudyyna u cmenent ux ydoe- aemeopenua. ViaMepaa n paxti¥Hibix UIKAAX CTerteH YAOWIETBOPEHHOCTH HEADBIAY- YMOM cBOHNAE ‘= eecriocobHocrsio; ‘© cocTosiiHem s0poRbst; * nevxonorueckiM cocrosnuem; * KavecTBOM «BcrpoeHHocTH® 8 couMaNBHyIO HEKbpacrpYKTYpY: © cooTuereraitem npHHsTof 8 OGulecTse Mopami H cHicTeme LeHHOCTeM 1 MHTTerpUpysLC OMIpesENIEHHBINUE BECAME BCE OTH OLENKM, BLXORAT Ha HeKH arrerpanbiiit miuutKarop Kavecraa xusHic uRAHBHUTYYMA, O¥eBrLIHIO B 9TOM ciyae «KavecTs0 2x11 — 9To pesynbTar cyBsexmuenoll oueNku cBOeTO COCTORNUS CaMitM MianBHayyMoM. 3aMeTHM, 4TO MpakrHveckas peanH3aUNA 2Toro HoAXoRA TpebyeT Gonsuiux satpar speMennt H cpeiicTB, cBsisaHMerX ¢ dopMymHpORKolt, pacnpoctpa- HeHHEM, sanonHenieM H OGpaGoTKoH crleuHANDHIX aHKeT MO KAXKOMY HO TETH YlOMaHyranx Boiure >YHKUKOHATEHBIX cHOMicTE. B aasitiow uccneronanHn mB He cxesyem STOMy Tlomxoay. Hawi wsrTepectl co- cpenorovenst Ha axanuse H HSMepeHHIM KATerOpMik KaNecTHa XKHGHHt NpHMEHHTET Ho K UenoMy (i BecsMa pasHOpOmHOMY) KOHIJomepary HIUINBHAYyMOS — Hacene— mo crpanst, KoxevHo, meopemuvecku, Wik OT HacTHOrO K OBUIeMY, Nepexon OT _Muxpo-xapakTepHCTHK KaYecT#a XHSHM (T. €. OT KAMECTRA KHOHH OTAENBHOTO HHI BIUIyyMa) K COOTBeTCTBYIOULeMt MaxpO-xapaKTePHCTHKE MOXHO 6LIN0 Gb COBEpLILETE, ‘C MoMOMIbIO HHTerpMPOBAHILA HHAHBHAYATBIBIX OUCHOK C Y'UETOM BECOR H COLA Hof 3HaNHIMOCTH TeX CTPAT, KOTOPKIM ITH HHAMBIUYYMBL MpHHALIeKaT (osTOMy ‘Rariuiit noxON MBI YouIOBHO Ha3tiBaeM MHAYKTHBHEIM). BMecTO 9TOTO Mui BLIGHpAeM 3B KavecTBe HemlocpencTseHHOro OGBeKTa HallleTO AHANHIa oBqecmeo 6 Yero, pac- CcMarpitas HaGop Makpo-noxasaTeelf, onpeneMIOUIHX YCnOBI Ht O6paa KH3HM Ha ‘cements B caMom UIMpOKOM vx eMbicile. CooTBETETBEHHO Mb HuIeM B CBOEM HeereHO- ‘AHHH OF OB eTo K YacTHOMY, a TlOTOMY OnpeseseM MOLOGHBI TOKO KAK NeAYK- ‘runnit, ‘antiaa pa6ora nocesutena npo6eme paspa6orKH MeTononorum cramteTHYec- KOTO aHaMisa pasMHunEKx HHTerpATBHBIX CBOICTA (KaTeroputl) KaNeCTBA HHH Ha ‘CeNeEHHA CTPAH, HOSBOAMOWIeTO MPOHSBOAITE MEXCTPAHORLIe MAKPOSKOHOMHYEC- ve CONOCTABEHHA H CTPONTE pelTHHTH.62 CA. Aieasan Coomnbie HloKasaTent paannvHenx wiTerpaNbHbIX KaTeFOpHML KaNeCTBa 2st3HIt MaceneHW BecbMa LLMPOKO HcHlOMBsyiOTes 8 TeOPHH MpaKTHKe MEXCTPAHOBOTO ‘MakpoaxoHoMHMecKoro alii. Tak, Ha riporaxetti nociemHIKX JeT Ha Gaze IMD- International (International Institute for Management Development, Jlosaxia, Leit- api) B pamKax «[lpoeKTa muposoil KoHKypenTHocnocoGHocTH» («World Competitiveness Project») nposomitea noupoGHeiiunt exeromHbill MOHIETOpHIT Oc- OBHLIX MakponoKasaTetefl COUMAISHO-9KONONHYECKOTO PAIBHTHA MOTH HATIULE- ‘cami crpant Mupa. Tlo peaynbraram sToro MositTopuHtTa MpOBOAMTCA pasHoacrieKT- uit cpasHuTesbiBtH aHlain9 CrpaH, CTpORTCH PaRMHUEKIe PeMITHHT, BUIABIRIOTCR onpeaeenmare Textaenumut (The World Competitiveness]. Pesynbratst 2Toro aanusa exeroaHo nyauKyIOTes H OGcyAIMIOTE CIIMAICTAMH, B TOM HCH, Ha TAK Ha stipaewon «, Chea npuGAHaitTeNLHO TpexXcoT orcnexuBaewbix noKasaTeneit Gonee 100 ouenueaiomcs axcnepmio (Tak HaIBIBAEMBIE «Soft Variables»). B uacruocri, 8 cocrane okcreprio OUeHMBAeMBIX ROKasaTeselt MBI BHAUIM TaKie HHTerpanbusie cuoficTea KaYeCTBA AUSHK HaceneHA KaK «KayecTBo ‘cucTeM! OGpasoBaHis, «YposeHb BSATOUNHYECTBA IK KOPpYrUEH B CTpaHe>, «¥po- BeHb couMtABHOTO CormacHA 8 OGulecTBe>, «VpoBeHs NepConaNBHO! H HMyWLeCTBEH- HOM GesonacHocTH ‘Wieita OGwectaa», «Cresent pasBiTis dyHaamerTaNbHbn He- CremoBaHi H HX RINSIHI Ha SKOHOMUYECKOE H TEXHONOTHUECKOE PAaBITTHe CTPA- bie, HaKOHeLL, CHHTETHMeCKAs KaTerOpHA BEICUIETO YPOBHA O6uHOCTH — «KavecToo xxu3HH» («Quality of Lifew). Bee aru (i pa apyrix) cuitrevuseckHe Ka- ‘eropytt KaECTBA AUSHH HaceeHILA OUCHUBAIOTEH HO AeCATHOALIBHON Luka. (IPH -Mep Takux oueHoK GyaeT npuBeneH HioKe). CaewoBaTenBHO, Tepe HaMH — cozaawe- ‘ue cneyuasucmos no MakposkonoNu¥eckoMy Meccmpanoeomy ananuy, npuaHaiowee Kak cywecmeoeanue pasiusnesx unmecpaaeieux Kamezopull Kavecmea HCU3KU, Mak U osmonenocms ux uanepenun npustenumeasHo K odHOi| omdeabno eaAmoll cmpane. ‘Mincetes onsrr ananisa 4 HoMepeHitn pasniHbix uitrerpanbHbix KaTeropiit Ka MecTBa AKHSHH HACETEHUS H BHYTPH CTPAHI (BKMOAR MexperKOHANbHbIH actiexr); Biopo ueHs08 CIMA nsaasao 8 1960—1980 rr. cneumansitiie COOpHNKH moKasare- sielt «Social Indicatorse, » KoTOpAIX (bArypHPORANK paanHuHEIe CHITETHYeCKHE 110 Kasareni kavectsa Aut3HH. AHaTOTHYHbie paGOTH HHHUNMPOBAHE B NOCHeANHe TOR HB Haueit crpane [Aiieasan 20016; empoe 1997; Cazpados 1995}, Lens aannodi paGorst — npeaioxsers 1 oGochoBaTs MeTosooritio HocTpOeHHA UMTerparbubix HHANKATOPOS JU pasHNHENX CHHTETINECKHX KaTeropitit KaveCTHA 2KHSHHL HaCeTeHHA CTpAHBL, OCHOBAHYIO Ha CHeU@MIBHOTO BALA CREPTKAX pata Ya corupix (cTaTHeTHMecki perHeTpupyeMsix) KpHTepHes cooTBeTeTBYIOULeH CHETETH- ‘MecKoMt KaTeTOPHHE KANECTBA AII3HHL, IpodleMOHCTPHPOBATH PAGOTOCTIOCOBHOCTE ITO MeTONOAOTHM pH CpaBHHTeTSHOM MAKPOSKOHOMHYECKOM aHAH3e H NOcTpocHt peitrHHTOB cTpaH, a TAKE NpeMIOKIETS NOAXOR K MMozoKpumepuaasuod KnaccHEpH- WH CTPaH To aHasUIsHpyeMOMy HHTerpaMBHOMY CBOHICTAY KAYECTBA KHIHH Hace sneIIHs B CHTYAINAX, B KOTOPHIX sazava HoctpocHiE HMKK He uMeeT yAOBeTBOpH- emsHoro peurents, JLix AocTIOKEHHA HlocTaBIeHHOMt UenH B paGoTe peulaioTes cre aylouue saat 1) onpeneauts ucxoamsit (anpHopHiil) nepeYeHb vacruuix KpHTepHeR anlanion- pyemofi cuneTiveckoii kateropuu KavecTsa xu (x ,x),...), TaK WIM HHO Ne BIMSLOMINX Ha cbopMuPOBAHKe 3HAYeHI MHTerpanbHOrO HHUANKATOpA STOH Kareropit;Poccun ¢ mexcempanoeon anasuse. 63 2) npestoxirTs onpexenennyo MeToauKy ov6opa H13 anpMOpHOrO nepewits wacT- HEX KQHTepHeR aHlaniupyeMoro choficTaa KaYecrea xUSHH HaceneNHA 2x0). omocutensno HeGombuloro Hea YaCTHBIX KPHTEPHEB, HTpAIOULHx Pewiatoutyio pons 8 GhopMupoAHKK 3HaYeHAit CooTReTcTAYIOWIerO HHITerpaTL- 3) nepetinic x ynubuumponannnin (0; 1] uikanaM B HaMepeH vacTHBIK Ht MiTer- ANbHIbIx KpHTepHen arramHaHpyeMoro cpoficTBa KaNecTBA AUSHH HaceTeHHA Ta uM O6pasoM, WTOGEI sHaNeHHe «Hb» COOTBETCTBORUTO CaMOMY HIESKOMY YPOBHIO KaMecTBa 2CHSHM, a 3HAYEHHE «emMHHMLIZ® — CaMOMY BICOKOMY; 4) mpemmoxuTs MeToa nocrpocnns mtTerpanbHOTO HHAMKATOpA KaveCTRA KUSH, HenomsyloutMft moasKo cmamuemuvecku pecucmpupyenne YacTHBIe KPIETEpH Kavecroa XWDHI, H ONHeaTb CHTyaM, B KOTOPLIX 9Ta saaMa UNeeT YAORIET- BopitrembHoe pelllenHe; 5) ouenHTs cornaconaHHocTs aByx parKupoBOK cTpal To aHanMsHpyeMomy cnoit- CoTBY KaNecTBA XKVSHH, OHA HS KOTOPHIX Moay4eHa Ha OCHOBAKMH 9K CTE PT Ho oUleHeHHOrO NloKasaTen aaHMoro cuoficTBa, a Apyrax — Ha OCHOBANUIE MuTerpanbHoro HHAMKaTOpA KaYeCTRa AKHSHIC HACETEHIR, BHIYHCIEHHOTO TOE Ko To CTaTMCTHMECKH PeTHCTPHPYEMEIM NACTHBIM KPHTEPHAIM; NPOBEDITTS Yo~ ‘ToHHBOCTE TlOnyYeHHOTO peayibTaTa BO BpeMeHIE; 6) npeanoxsers w mpoanatusHpoparh NOKa3aTeNH aémo- 1 aedccmpanogoll AKKa- MIIKH, NOsBORAIOMINe CpaBHHBATs BO BpeMeHH aHlanvtaupyeMoe CBOfICTBO KaNe~ (cTBa XHSHH CTpaHEt OTHOCHTENBHO CeOA caMOML («ABTOAHHAMIKA) 1 OTHOCH- ‘TembHo apyrux expat; 7) mpeioxirs nosxo x smozoxpumepuaasnol KnaceHM>ukalhn crpatt 10 Anan aupyemomy uitrerpanbHomy cnoficTBY KaYecTBa AU3HHt HaCeeHUS B CHTYALLASX, B KOTOPEIX STO wHTerpanbHOe CBOMICTHO He MOXET GbIT YAORNETROPHITENGNO olleHeHo ouHUM ckanspHEIM OKasaTesIEM. 1, Hepapxuuecxas cucrema moxKasareaeit Kavectsa OKWSHH HaceAeHHs H ee HHthopMaHoHHoe oGecneyeHne 1.1, Hamerparsuse xomnonenma xameropuu «Kavecmso xusnu» u ux gexomnosuyus Paccmorpim uHopwaunonnyio Gasy HccrenOBAHHIs H, B YacTHOCTH, bopMMpOBa- "Hite unpopmayuonno obecnevennoz0 wexoaHoro (anpHopHOro) Mepe¥Hs HACTHIX KPII- ‘Tepiten Kavecrsa KUGHM HaceNeHHA cTpaHsi. OGocHOBaNHe OTOOPa STHX YACTHEX KpuTepiien ecTecTBeHHO NPOH3BONNTE, OMIMpascs Ha OTIPeseAEHHYIO CTPYKTYICIA- ‘uw sceft cucTeMbt crarHcTHYeCKHMx MoKasaTenelt KavecTea xuCHH, Mut 6yReM cae OBaTS CTPYKTYPHSAMLAH, MpesLTOxeNHOM B [Adeazan 2000] u npuATOIE B MTOR ‘weckitx paspaGorkax Fockomcrata P® Ha perHOHabHOM yPoRH. OcHiostsie csoiictsa KaYecTsa XHSHK HaceneHist opMupyiores 1 NpoRRARIOT- cB ero BsaMMoeliCTBHH c «BHEMINHMH OODEKTAMM H APYT ¢ APYTOM, B ero CHO COGHOCTH ANAITTHPOBATECH K OKPYAAIOUIEMY MHPY, BLIKHBATE, BOCKIPOHIBOAUTECA, yoBeTBOpsTS CBO oTpeGHOCTH. PaccMaTpHIsas YesIOBEKa OHOBPEMEHHO KAK CY wecmso Guosoewneckoe ((byHKUMOHUPYIOUIE’ B COOTBETCTBHI CO HCEMH 3aKOHAMIE64 CA, Aioasan Snonormyeckoro romeocTasa) 1 KAK cyecmao coxuanbHOe (peanHayrONIee CeBA TOKO B COUMYNe, B CHCTeMe NPOLIECCOB H MEXAHNSMOB, NOMUHHEHHEX cneuIKieCKHM ), MbI TIPHXOMMM, B KOHCUHOM CYeTe, K CieAYIOWLAM NATH Sasosizm KoMmonerTast, OGpasyiouim cpeay H cicTeMy xusHeoGecreveHT Hace- (1) Kaveemso nacenenus, uirrerpupyioutee 8 cee OxHMAEMYIO MpoROTAHTeNDHOCTS 2XWSHH, YPOBEHS OBPAIONAHIL, KBATMDUKALLHIO, POXNAEMOCTS HM EMEPTHOCTS, ‘Spaxnocts ur. n. [Cacpadoe 1995; Medkoe 1991; Kavectso Hacenenus 1993]; (ID) Grazocoemonnue naceaenur, BKIMOYAIOIEE B CEG OCHOBHBIE NOKASETEMH YPOBH 2KNGHM H OTpAKAIOULEE CTEMEHE YAOBAETBOPEHHA ETO MATEPHAMBHBIX H JXOBHBIX horpeOHocTeit (peanbibie OxOAM, HX AHibepeNIMALI, yPoBeHs NorpeGne- ‘Hit Onar H yeay, ypoBen snpaBooxpanentHn, KYABTYDH HT. 1); (I) couuasnas Gevonacnocms (wi Kavecmeo couua.tenoil espeps), OTPAXAIOULAS YPO- BeH® YenOBHHL TPyRa, couMAMSHON sauMATE, USHYECKOI H HMylecTBEHHOI GesonacocTH suteHos oOutecTBa, KPHMMHOTEMHOCTH H COUKANBHO-NONKTHEC- Koro sn0poBba caMoro OOillecTBA HT. 1.5 (IV) kavecroo oxpyxaroueti cpensi (i11H Kavecmao sxoaceuMecKOl Kull), AKKYMY!I- Pyiouee AaNHBIe © JarpxSHeHNH ROSAy’INOTO MPOCTPAHCTBA, NOB 1 pORbI Gamering, sro venoneveckas nonyssNs — 970 ENHHCTHEHHAR 3eMHas ony: ls, He OBecnewmsaOMAR YTILMSAMHH OTXOROB cBOett AxHBHeENeRTENBHOCTH, ‘OMACHEDX JUN OXPYKaIOMeM CPEs! H HE BKIMONEHHEIX B ecTeCTBEHHBIE IpHpOX ble TEXHOMIOTHH — erpospuveckie tient Guocdepst» [Nebel 1990]); (V) npupodno-Kaunamureckue yesoeus, xapaktepMayioUlHecs cocTaBOM Ht OGRewaNat "MpupoaHo-ceipsessix PecyPCOB, KIMMATOM, HACTOTON H creUMDHKOH Hope-Ma- 2KOpHBIX cHTyaLUAT Tlerko suiets, 70 KAKA 13 KOMMOHeKTOS (I)—(V) orpaxaeT yenoBIEA, B PaMkax KOTOPHIX nporekalor Mpouccest YAOBETBOPEHHA Kak GHOAOTHMECKHX, TAK Ht CoMMaNBHBIX MoTpeGHOCTEM WIeHOB OGuLecTBA, TOcAenOBATEASHAA HEepAPXIMECKAR eKOMMOGHUNA KAKOTO 13 GASOBBIX KONTOHENTOB MOSBOAMT «CIYCTHTECH® 0 Ha- Gopa cooTbetcrayiouunx xapakTepHtCTHK caMOro HICKHETO YpORHA, KOMope # nodae- anvowen Goabuuncmee nozym ume npedemaaaens cmandapmneau cmamucmusecku- Mu noxazamesanu (D NOPRIKE HCKTONEHHG HEKOTOPHIE 1 MOKADATEN!H HIOKHETO Yyponiis npitxomurres owetitsat» oxcreprHo) Ha pic. | npeacrasnena ocHonannas Ha npes\ioXeHHol{ BBIUIe NeKOMMOSHINH xareropim «Kavecroo AHHH HacerenHs> OOULAX CXeMa HepapxHNecKOHL CHCTEML xpirrepwea 1 crarvicTivveckix noxasarenelt. [IpoKoMMeHTHpyeM saNHyIO CxeMy. Kareropuia «Kavectso usin», a TaKxe KaxaIi 13 e€ 6a0BBIX HHTErpaATSHBX xourionentos (I)—(V) 8 Tos 101K HHHOM BiUxe OBCYAAAIOTER Ht ouenueaIOMes B par~ “TWSHHIX HCCTeLODANISX, MOCBAULEHHBN ANANHSY YeOBH, O6pasa Ht YPOBHR 2KHSHHK ‘Tax, Ohi MONBITKH 9KcHEpTHO OUeHITS KaTEropiNIo «Kavecrso amsume [The World Competitiveness 1996]. Creayer, oHako, npisHate, s7o crenient cySsexts~ HOCTHCH, cxleMOBATEABHO, CAYYAMHOTO pasOpocd B OUEHKAX 9KcrIepTOS OKASHIBACTER CAMUIKON BHICOKOM, NTO ABAAETER CREACTBHEM YPEIMEPHOH PAMBITOCTH TEX KOH- LUeMTTyabHBIX YCTAHOBOK H KPHTEPMEB, KOTODKIN PYKOBONCTBYIOTER SKCTIEDTE MPH opaiupowannt CBOHX OUEHOK. AHATOrHYHOE 3aMeMAHHE MOKHO OTHECTH MK OKA sareaW +Besonacnoers» («Security») {The World Competitiveness]; 200aBuM K 9T0- My Haile npennonoxeHHe 0 TOM, HTO B YKASAHHOML paGoTe TOT NOKAsATENS OTpaXA-