A volume of moist air 30m3 at a total pressure of 101.

325 kPa and a temperature of 303K

(30C) contains water vapor in such proportions that its partial pressure is 2.933 kPa.
Without total pressure being changed the temperature is reduced to 288K (15C) and some
of water vapour is removed by condensation. After cooling it is found that the partial
pressure of water vapour is 1.693 kPa. Calculate (a) volume of air at 288K (15C) and (b)
weight of water condensed.
Solution:-

Basis: 30m3 of moist air at 303K.

Ideal gas law is :

PV = nRT

PV
n=
RT
where, n = moles of moist air

P = 101.325 kPa

R = 8.31451 m3.kPa/kmol.K.

V = 30m3

T = 303K

101.325  30
n = moles of moist air =
8.31451 303

= 1.2066 kmol.
Let n1 be the kmol of air

n2 be the kmol of moisture/water vapour.

p1 = Partial pressure of air at 303K

= 101.325 – 2.933

= 98.392 kPa

p2 = Partial pressure of moisture at 303K

= 2.933 kPa

For ideal gas,

Pressure % = mole %

 Pressure fraction = mole fraction

For air

98.392 n1

101.325 n

98.392
n1   1.2066
101.325

= 1.172 kmol at 303K

For water vapour/moisture.

2.933 n
 2
101.325 n

2.933
n2 =  1.2066
101.325

= 0.035 kmol at 303K

At 288K,
Partial pressure of water vapour = 1.693 kPa

Let n3 be the moles of water vapour at 288K.

Moles moist air = 1.172 + n3

1.693 n3

101.325 1.172  n3

 n3 = 0.02 kmol

Moles of moist = 1.172 + 0.02

air at 288K = 1.192 kmol

Let n’ = 1.192 kmol

PV = n’RT

where V = Volume of air at 288K

 n’ = 1.192 kmol

R = 8.31451 m3.kPa/kmol.K

T = 288K

P = 101.325 kPa

n'RT
V=
P

1.192  8.31451 288


101.325
 28.17 m3

Moles water condensed = n2 – n3

= 0.035 – 0.02

= 0.015 kmol.

Amount of water condensed = 0.015  18

= 0.27 kg.

By electrolyzing a mixed brine a mixture of gases is obtained at the cathode

having the following percentage composition by weight.
Cl2-67
Br2-28
O2-5
Using the ideal gas law, calculate:
(a) Composition of the gas by volume.
(b) Density of the mixture in grams per litre at 25oC and 740mm of Hg pressure.
(c) Specific gravity of the mixture, (air = 1.0) Atomic weights:
Cl-35.5, Br-80.0, O-16.0
Solution:

Basis : 1gm of the gas mixture.

(a) Composition of gas by volume.

Constituents Amount Mol % (=

Gm. Gm.mol. Vol.%)
Cl2 0.67 0.00943 74.02
Br2 0.28 0.00175 13.74
 O2 0.05 0.00156 12.24
Total 1.00 0.01274 100.00

(b) 1 gm of mixture contains 0.01274 mol.

P=740mm of Hg.
T= 25oC=298oCK

R
700  22.4
 62.4
mm.Hglit.
273  
 gm.mol o K
nRT
Hence, V= [from ideal gas law]
P
0.01274  62.4  298
=  0.32 lit.
740
1
Density =  3.12gm / lit
0.32

(c) Assuming ideal behaviour for air, volume of 1 gm mol at 25oC and 1 atmosphere

760  22.4  298

  25.11 litres.
740  273
Mol. Wt. of air = 28.84

28.84 gm
Density of air =  1.15
25.11 lit
Specific gravity of the mixture
3.12
=  2.71.
1.15