Mazzeo focuses on the three issues to cultivate the use of information for competitive

advantage. The first is recognizing and minimizing information bias. Mazzeo states that in a corporation
with a dozen divisions, senior management is free to determine which divisions should receive
investment funding and house the company’s growth projects. The division heads who have access to
the information the CEO requires to have their own motivations. These individuals have a personal
interest in their division being the home of the firm's hot project since it benefits not just the firm but
also their own and their team members' careers. This could lead to an incentive to put a different spin
on the division's results or capabilities than a neutral third party would. To put it another way, pure
information does not exist. Information is always skewed in some way based on the motivations of the
person who delivers it. Several companies have even used prediction markets to calculate the risk of a
company meeting a particular market target. This information can be pooled if there is a prediction
market that allows employees within the organization to contribute their knowledge. In practice, it will
allow the CEO to make sensible investment decisions.

The second issue that Mazzeo focuses on is, using information for accountability and incentive.
Managers must keep their teams accountable and give motivation for managers to do well to be
effective. In one aspect, performance-based rewards can be fair to the employee and detrimental to the
organization. Using additional information to separate the function of the decision from the effect of the
uncontrolled elements can help companies become more successful. And the last one, empowering key
people to gather information. Successive firms recognize the importance of information and assign key
employees the responsibility of obtaining it. Communicating and listening to others can help a company
make better decisions about where to devote its time and resources. Employee time that appears to be
unproductive is the source of this funding. In conclusion, executives everywhere will gain a competitive
advantage by paying close attention to the information they need to make informed judgments and
creating tactics to get it.