144 Master the TOEFL Test SECTION 3 READING COMPREHENSION Time—55 minutes Directions: In this section, you will read several passages. Each passage is followed by questions about it. Choose the one best answer, (A), (B), (C), or (D), for each question. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the ‘oval that corresponds to the letter of your answer choice. Answer all questions based on what is stated or implied in the passage. Read the following passage: ‘A new hearing device is now available for some hearing-impaired people, This device uses a magnet to hold the ‘detachable sound-processing portion in place. Like other aids, it converts sound into vibrations. But itis unique in that itcan transmit the vibrations directly tothe magnet and then tothe inner ear. This produces a clearer sound. The new device will not help all hearing-impaired people—only those with a hearing loss caused by infection or other problem in the middle ear. It will probably help no more than 20 percent of all people with hearing problems. Those people ‘who have persistent ear infections, however, should find relief and restored hearing withthe new device. ‘What is the author's main purpose? (A). To describe a new cure for ear infections (B) To inform the reader of a new device (C) Tourge doctors to use a new device (D) Toexplain the use of a magnet DeoD “The author's main purpose isto inform the reader of a new device for hearing-impaired people. Therefore, you should choose answer (B). ‘The word “telief” in the last sentence means: (A). Less distress (B) Assistance (©) Distraction (D) Relaxation enon “The phrase “less distress” is similar in meaning to “relief” in this sentence. Therefore, you should choose answer (A). ‘Now begin with the questions.o » 1 Practice Test 1 Questions 1 to 12 are based on the following passage: Martin Luther King, J, is well known for his work in civil rights and for his many famous speeches, among them his moving “I Have a Dream” speech. But fewer people know much about King’s childhood. M.L.,as he ‘was called, was born in 1929, in Atlanta, Georgia, atthe hhome of his maternal grandfather. M.L.’s grandfather, the Reverend A.D. Williams, purchased their home on ‘Aubum Avenue in 1909, 20 years before M.L. was bom. The Reverend Williams, an eloquent speaker, played an important role inthe community because so ‘many people's lives centered around the church. He allowedhis church andhis home tobe used as a meeting place for a number of organizations dedicated to the education and social advancement of blacks. M.L. grew up in this atmosphere, with his home being used as a community gathering place, and was no doubt influ- enced by it 1. Whats this passage mainly about? (A) The prejudice that existed in Atlanta (B) Martin Luther King’s childhood (©) MLL’ grandfather (D) The neighborhood King grew up in 2. The word “eloquent” in line 9 meansmostnearly (A) Powerful (B) Active © ) Romantic Fascinating 3. Whichines best describe King’s childhood neigh- borhood? “ ®) © ) Lines 9-11 Lines 14-17 Lines 18-21 Lines 21-29 4. Asused in line 18, the word “eventful” is closest in meaning to which of the following? (A) Valued (B) Memorable (©) Admirabie (D) Emotional MLL’ childhood was not especially eventful. His father was a minister and his mother was a musician, (20) He was the second of three children, and he atended all-biack schools in ablack neighborhood. The neigh- bborhood was not poor. however. Auburn Avenue was the main artery through @ prosperous neighborhood that had come to symbolize achievement for Atlanta's (25) black people, It was an area of banks, insurance companies, builders, jewelers, tailors, doctors, law- yers, and other black-owned or black-operated busi- nesses and services. Even in the face of Atlanta's segregation the district thrived, Dr. King never forgot £20) the community spirit he had known as a child, nor did he forget the racial prejudice that was a seemingly insurmountable barrier that kept black Atlantans from mingling with whites. 5. In line 17, the word “it” refers to which of the following? a) @B) © (D) Achievement Neighborhood Segregation Services 6. According to the author, blacksin King’s neigh- borhood were involved in all the following businesses and services EXCEPT: (A). Dentistry (B) Medicine (©) Law (D) Banking 7. The word “tailors” in line 26 describes people who are associated with which of the following trades? (A). Flower arranging (B) Shoe making (©) Garment making (D) Book binding 145 asa ousyud [50 ONTO THE NEXT PAGE146 Master the TOEFL Test 8. According to the author, King was influenced by: a) B) © ©) ‘Community spirit Black lawyers His mother His speeches 9. The word “thrive the following? (A) Achieved (B) Surrendered (©) Flourished (D) Held "in line 29 refers to which of 10. As used in line 31, which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “seemingly”? (A) Apparently (B) Inevitably (©) Inexplicably (D) Hastily Questions 13 to 24 are based on the following passage: Carbohydrates, which are sugars, are an essential partof ‘healthy diet. They provide the main source of energy for the body, and they also function to flavor and sweeten foods, Carbohydrates range from simple sug- ars like glucose to complex sugars such as amylose and amylopectin, Nutritionists estimate that carbohydrates should make up about one-fourth to one-fifth of person's diet. This translates to about 75-100 grams of carbohydrates per day. 6) 13. What is the main idea of this passage? (A) Carbohydrates are needed for good health. Carbohydrates prevent a build-up of proteins. Carbohydrates can lead to ketosis. Carbohydrates are an expendable ppart of a good diet. B) © ) 11, The word “mingling” in line 32 could best be replaced by which of the following? (A) Interfering (B) Gargling (©) Consuming (D) Associating 12, According to the author, ML: (A) Had a difficult childhood (B) Was a good musician asa child (C) Loved to listen to his grandfather speak Grew vp in a relatively rich area of Atlanta ©) ‘A diet that is deficient in carbohydrates can have an adverse effect on a person’s health. When the body lacks a sufficient amount of carbohydrates, it must then use its protein supplies for energy, a process called gluconeogenesis, However, this results in a lack of 5) necessary protein, and further health difficulties may ‘occur. A lack of carbohydrates can also lead to ketosis, 1 build-up of Ketones in the body that causes fatigue, lethargy, and bad breath. 0) 14, The word “function” as used in line 3 refers to which of the following? (A) Neglect (B) Serve (©) Dissolve (D) ProfessPractice Test1 147 15, The word “range” as used inline 4 is closest in 20, What does the word “ths” refer inline 14? ‘meaning 10 which ofthe following? (A) Using protein supplies for energy (a) Probe (B) Converting carbohydrates to energy (B) Proceed (©) Having a deficiency in carbohy- (©) Hail drates (D) Extend (D)_ Having an insufficient amount of protein 16, Whereis the best place in the passage to add the following sentence? 21, According tothe passage, which of the follow. This daily recommendation can be met by esting Ing does NOT describe carbohydrates? carbohydrate-rich foods, such as whole grains (A) A protein supply breads, cereals. legumes, potatoes. fruits, and (B)_ Anccessty vegetables (C) A range of sugars (A) Inline 2 after the word “diet (D) Anenurey vounee (B) Inline 4 after the word “foods ° (C) Inline 9 after the word “day 22. The word “lack” inline 14s most similar to (D)_ Inline 18 afer the word “breath Sshich ofthe following? (A) Plethora 17, According tothe passage, what do most nutrition (B) Shortage ists suggest? (©). Derivation (A). Sufficient carbohydrates will prevent (by Common sluconeogenesis. (B) Carbohydrates are simple sugars 23, Which of the following best describes the 10. called glucose author's tone? (C)_ Carbohydrates should make up about (A) Sensitive (©) Catches shoul be exten in (Cy lntormanve i very small quantities a (Dy Regretful 7 18, Which ofthe following do carbohydrates NOT i 24. Which ofthe following hest describes the onga- nization of this passage? (A) Prevent ketosis pe (A). Cause and resu (B) Cause gluconeogenesis iS ‘ « ‘ (©) Provides forte by of eee (D) Flavor and sweeten food OO) ne te (D) Definition and example 19, Which ofthe following words could best replace “deficient” as used in line 10? (A) Outstanding (B) Abundant (©) Insufficient (D) Unequal148 Master the TOEFL Test Questions 25 to 36 are based on the following passage: ‘After two decades of growing student enrollments and degree does not guarantee a plush job on Wall Street or ‘economic prosperity, business schools in the United (5) in other financial districts of major American cities. States have started to face harder times, Only Harvard's Many of the entry-level management jobs are going to MBA School has showna substantial increase inenroll- students graduating with Master of Arts degrees in (5) mentin recent years, Both Princeton and Stanford have English and the humanities as well as those holding seen decreases in their enrollments. Since 1990, the MBA degrees, Students have asked the question, “Is an number of people receiving Masters in Business (22) MBA degree really what I need to be best prepared for ‘Administration (MBA) degrees, has dropped about 3. getting a good job?” The second major factor has been percent to 75,000, and the trend of lower enrollment the cutting of American payrolls and the lower number uo tess expsed oti Stone as tig ore Buses not ae The ae voto cig screw t_ mn. tnd MBA schol egg tet dents seeking an MBA degree. The first one is that many y rauerefor ercolepssndngtatanhBA 28, Wars tes fot fh pg? 29, The phase “rend of inte 9 et a ‘meaning to which of the following? (A). Reluctance of (B) Drawback 10 (A) Jobs on Wall Street (B) Types of graduate degrees (© Changes in enrollment for MBA. schools (©) Movement toward {D) How schools are changing to reflect (D) Extraction from the economy 30, As used in ine 12, the word “seeking” could best 26. The phrase “two decades” in line 1 refers to @ be replaced by which ofthe following? period of (a) Examining (A) 10 years (B) Avoiding (B) 20 years (©) Seizing (©) SOyears (D) Pursuing (D) 100 years 31. Which of the following descriptions most likely 27. The word “prosperity” in line 2 could best be applies to Wall Street? replaced by which of the following? (A) Acenter for imtemational affairs (A) Success (B) A major financial center (B) Surplus (©) A shopping district (©) Nurturing (D) Aneighborhood in New York (D) Education 32, The word “plush” in line 14 most probably 28, Which of the following business schools has means: NOT shown a decrease in enrollment? (A) Legal (A). Princeton (B) Satisfactory (B) Harvard (© Fancy (©) Stanford (D) Dependable (D) Yale33. According to the passage, what are two causes of declining business school enrollments? (A) Lack of necessity for an MBA and an economic recession (B) Low salary and foreign competition (©) Fewer MBA schools and fewer entry-level jobs (D)_ Declining population and economic prosperity 34, The first paragraph (lines 1-10) is mainly con- cemed with which of the following? (A) Factors contributing to the decline in MBA students A current trend affecting the nation’s business schools (©). The difference between Harvard, Princeton, and Stanford (D) Two decades of hard times for business schools B) Questions 37 to 48 are based on the following passage: A pilot cannot fly a plane by sight alone. In many conditions, such as flying a night and landing in dense fog. a pilot must use radar, an altemative way of navigating. Because human eyes are not very good at 5) determining speeds of approaching objects, radar can show a pilot how fast nearby planes are moving. The basic principle of radars exemplified by what happens when one shouts in a cave. The echo of the sounds against the wallshelps person determine the sizeof the 2) cave. With radar, however, the waves are radio waves instead of sound waves. Radio waves travel atthe speed of light, about 300,000 kilometers in one second, A 37. What is the main topic of this passage? (A). The nature of radar (B) Types of ranging (©) Alternatives to radar (D) History of radar Practice Test 1 35. As used in line 24, the word “struggling” is closest in meaning to: “ (B) © ©) Evolving Plunging Starting Striving 36. Which ofthe following might be the topic of the next paragraph? (A) MBA schools’ effort to change (B) ature economic predictions (C) Ahistory of the recent economic changes (D)_ Descriptions of non-MBA graduate programs radar set sends out a short burst of radio waves. Then itreceives the echoes produced when the waves bounce us) off objects. By determining the time it takes for the echoes to return to the radar set, a trained technician can determine the distance between the radar set and other objects. The word “radar.” infact, gets its name from the term “radio detection and ranging.” “Rang- (20) ing” isthe term for detection of the distance between an object and the radar set. Besides being of critical importance to pilots, radar is essential for air traffic control, tracking ships at ea, and for racking weather systems and storms 38, Inline 2, the word “dense” could be replacedby’ (A) Cold (B) Wet (©) Dark (D) Thick E> s 149 ‘asa souaves450 Master the TOEFL Test 439, According to the passage, what can radar detect 44, Which of the following could best replace the besides location of objects? word “bounce” inline 14? (a) Size (A). Overtum (B) Weight (B) Groove (C) Speed (C) Extend (D) Shape (D) Rebound 40. The word “shouts” in lie 8 is most similar in 48, Which type of waves does radar use? meaning to which ofthe following? (A). Sound (A) Eavesdrops: (B) Heat (B) Yells (C) Radio (C) Confesses (D) Ocean (D) Whispers 46. The word “tracking” in line 22 is closest in 441. Which ofthe following words best describes the meaning to which of the following? tone ofthis passage? (a). Repairing (A) Argumentative (B) Searching for (B)_ Imaginative (©). Glancing at (C)_ Explanatory (D) Fighting cD) Somorons) 47. Which of the following would most likely be the 42. The phrase “a short burs inline 13 is closest in topic ofthe next paragraph? meaning in which of the following? (A). Other uses of radar (A) An attachment (B) Uses of sonar technology (B) A discharge (©) Other technology used by pilots (C) Astream (D) A history of flying SO 48. What might be inferred about radar? 43, The word “it” inline 13 refers 10 which of the aii wes teins oC a tie following? (A) Aradar set (B) A short burst (©) Aradio wave (D) Light Questions 49 to 60 are based on the following, Passage: Langston Hughes was one of the greatest American writers ofthe twentieth century. He was bor in Joplin, Missouri, and moved to Cleveland at the age of 14 Several years later he spent one year in Mexico before (5) attending Columbia University in New York, Fora few years after that, he roamed the world a a seaman, Visiting ports around the world and writing some poetry He returned tothe United States and attended Lincoln University, where he won the Witter Bynner Prize for 10) undergraduate poetry. After graduating in 1928, he 20) ajoumalst. Asanolderman nthe 1960s,he pent much (B)_ It gave birth to the invention of the airplane. (©) Itdeveloped from a study of sound waves (D)_Ithas improved navigational safety. traveled to Spain and to Russia with the help of a Guggenheim fellowship. His novels include Not With- out Laughter (1930) and The Big Sea (1940). He wrote fan autobiography in 1956 and also published several (15) collections of poetry. The collectionsinclude The Weary Blues (1926), The Dream Keeper (1932), Shakespeare in Harlem (1942), Fields of Wonder (1947), One Way Ticket (1947), and Selected Poems (1959). A man of ‘many talents, Hughes was also a lyricist, librettist, andPractice Test 1 151 of his time collecting poems from Africa and from (25) leaders of the Harlem Renaissance, the period when a neighborhood that was predominantly black produced flood of great literature, music, and other art forms African-Americans to popularize black writers. Hughes is one of the most accomplished writers in American literary history, and he is seen as one of the artistic 49. What is the main topic of this passage? (A) The life of Langston Hughes (B) The Harlem Renaissance (©) African-American writers (D) American twentieth-century writers 50. Where was Langston Hughes born? (A) Spain (B) New York (©) Missouri (D) North Carolina 51, The word “roamed” as used in line 6 is closest in ‘meaning to which of the following? (A) Traveled (B) Soared (©) Floated (D) Walked 52, As used inline 7, which ofthe following words could best replace the word “ports”? (A) Islands (B) Ships (©) Friends (D) Harbors 53. To which of the following movements might Shakespeare in Harlem refer? (A). The Civil War (B)_ The Harlem Riots (C) The Harlem Renaissance (D) The Civil Rights Movement 54. What provided Hughes with assistance for his travel to Spain and Russia? (A) His job as a reporter (B) His career asa soldier (©) literary fellowship (D) A college study program SECTION OF THE TEST. STOP. END OF TEST 1 IF YOU HAVE ANY TIME LEFT, GO OVER YOUR WORK IN THIS SECTION ONLY. DO NOT WORK IN ANY OTHER depicting daily city life for African-Americans. ‘58, ‘The word “talents”in line 19 could be replaced by which ofthe following? (A). Desires (B) Abilities (©) Strategies (D) Careers 56. According to the author. what did Hughes do ‘during the ater years of his life? (A) Write short stories (B) Popularize African-American writers (C) Advocate racial equality (D) Write about life in Harlem 57. Which of the following could best replace the ‘word “accomplished” as used in line 23? (A) Successful ®) Prolif (©) Brilliant (D) Imaginative ‘58. The author uses the word “flood” in line 27 t0 refer to: (A) A drought (B) Anoutpouring (©) Acloudburst (D) A streak 59. Which ofthe following can best substitute forthe ‘word “depicting” in line 287 (A) Congratulating (8) Blessing (©) Screening (D) Ponraying 60. According to the passage, Langston Hughes was all ofthe following EXCEPT: (A) Anovelist (B) A poet (© Anhistorian A joumalist 10 vasa s0u9vWe