Paper Submitted by: Joshua Francoise Clark Ener R.

Villaluz
Paper Submitted to: Isaias B. Ubana,PhD
MPA 625- Public Policy and Program Administration

1. Summary
Organizational Skills for a Corporate Citizen: Policy Analysis
By:
Ingo Stolz- University of Minnesota and Gary N. Mc Lean- Texas A&M University
In this very comprehensive article written by Ingo Stolz and Gary Mc Lean, they were
able to identify if what is the best practice to develop Organizational skills that are based on
policy analysis. It is somehow true that in a globalized realm, in a world of declining nations;
states, and government, the middle of the society is where corporations usually belong. There
is a robust demand for a new Organizational skill set that will empower Corporations to
locate themselves as Corporate Citizens. According to Stolz and McLean employing the
concept of “Process Structures” is proposed to be the best practice and a 10- step approach
for the proper implementation is outlined. 

Nevertheless, insinuations for the crucial field of Human Resource Development and
future research are deliberated when seeing issues of corporate responsibility and of course
citizenship.

A strong and committed effort must be undertaken with the goals to ensure that these
principles stated in this article are put into practice by developing and maintaining an
effective program that will always support management. One of the best ways in order to
facilitate this is the establishment, promotion, and enforcing integrity and responsibility in
decision making. This article will speak the essentiality to increase the organizational skills
needed by scrutinizing and propositioning opposite organizational intervention techniques
through the means of policy analysis.

This analysis is driven by an interdisciplinary review of the research literature about

Corporate Citizenship from an Organizational Development Perspective. According to the
intellect of the article, based on their thesis; the most crucial and powerful stakeholder is,
arguably the senior management. The second most crucial stakeholder is undoubtedly the
mid-level managers and supervisors. They are the ones who are responsible for keeping
change processes diffused inside the organization. They are usually called middle
management. Finally, the stakeholders that will complete the framework of this policy
analysis are the employees. 
Paper Submitted by: Joshua Francoise Clark Ener R. Villaluz
Paper Submitted to: Isaias B. Ubana,PhD
MPA 625- Public Policy and Program Administration

2. Cite insights (whether learning a new concept or seeing a familiar concept in a new
light) after reading each article.
This argument is jam-packed for me with new education and conceptions. A lot of
new terminologies and thoughts are introduced to me. Keyword terms like Corporate
Citizenship, Human Resource Development, Organization Development, Organizational
Skills, and policy are just a few of the technical terms that really helps me to deeper
comprehend Organizational Skills for a Corporate Citizen which specifies Policy Analysis.

This article helped me understand the comparison between the three Human Resource
Development interventions that have the probability of evolving the organizational skills
essential for practicing Corporate Citizen and to conclude if one approach is better than the
others. I am so impressed with the methodology of how this will happen. According to the
article, 4 evaluative criteria will be used. All three HRD interventions understudy will be
scored according to each of these four criteria. It is now the purpose to present in detail how a
scoring scheme for the criteria has been established. The identified four criteria are the
following: (a) effectiveness of an intervention, (b) administrative ease to realize a particular
intervention, (c) costs affiliated with an intervention, and (d) political constraints that are
inherent in the choice of a particular intervention.

Another concept that I have absorbed in this article is the term Administrative Ease
which is basically the magnitude of change needed in each of the following five organization
subsystems to implement a particular intervention. It simply projects the extent to which
these subsystems would have to be changed if a particular intervention were chosen. They are
the following (a) Management Systems, (b) Training Systems, (c) Performance Management
Systems, (d) Information Systems, and (e) Selection Systems. The five subsystem scores are
summed, and the sum is then divided by 5 to provide a mean administrative ease-score for
each intervention. A scale from 5 to 1 is used for each of the organizational subsystems; with
a score of 5 indicating the highest degree of administrative ease if a particular intervention
were chosen, a score of 1 indicating the lowest degree of administrative ease.
Paper Submitted by: Joshua Francoise Clark Ener R. Villaluz
Paper Submitted to: Isaias B. Ubana,PhD
MPA 625- Public Policy and Program Administration
3. Reflection/Reaction on how these insights either -Affirm your own thinking or
experience, or Change how you view government, governance, Public Policy and the
Implementation of Government programs, Projects and Activities.

I was able to understand what are the foundational concepts and the progression we need
for understanding and identifying the “Process of Policy Analysis”. It is through the help of
our course Instructor and the reading material he provided us together with the powerpoint
presentation he presented to us.

According to what I have understood in the presentation of Dr. Ubana, it is true that
Policy Analysis is a process that can be seen in a form of 2 different arrangements. The first
one is Policy Analysis can be seen as a problem-solving analysis that thrives on
methodologies and substantive findings of various disciplines which includes social sciences,
social professions, and political philosophy. The second one is that it is an analysis designed
to create, critically assess, and communicate information that is useful in understanding and
improving policies. The methodology of policy analysis is a process of inquiry leading to the
discovery of solutions to practical problems. It somehow pertains to the process of “Policy
Inquiry”. It does not refer to solutions that have been “proved” utilizing purely objective,
infallible, value-free analysis that is independent of the values, interests, and beliefs of
analysis and those who reward them but the word inquiry refers to a process of probing,
investigating, or searching for solutions.

There are exact questions that can be simply addressed by policy analysis. Answers to
these questions require five types of relevant information, or what we may call policy
informational components. Policy problems, policy performance, expected policy outcomes,
preferred policies, and observed policy outcomes are the identified components that surely
signify information. We also acknowledge the factors that are relevant to the practice of
policy analysis. Cognitive styles are the first factor; it is where the personal cognitive styles
of analysts predispose them toward different modes of acquiring, interpreting, and using
information. The second factor is Analytic Roles, it pertains to the policy analysts who
perform roles as “entrepreneurs,” “politicians,” and “technicians”. The third one is the
institutional incentive system; it is where the institutional rewards and punishments affect the
validity of conclusions and recommendations. The fourth one is the institutional time
constraints which pertain to government and public analysts that are subjected to tight
institutional time constraints. Then, there is, professional socialization where different
disciplines and professions make up policy analysis socialize their members into different
norms and values, and lastly, multi-disciplinary teamwork which is carried out in the analysis
conducted to the public agencies.

There is indeed a complexity in performing and understanding the world of practicing

policy analysis. A deep and comprehensive analysis and comprehension must be first realized
together with making difficult choices, methods, and techniques to arrive at the best possible
solutions we tend to seek. Conceivably, the right term that we must say according to the
presentation that produces evidence-based policy analysis is the term critical thinking. It is
through critical thinking solutions can be made and problems can be solved.