Comparative Matrix

Yale Art • Architecture 7-Hub Business Incu-

± 3 aramet ianzik. 1Mknstitute MIT Media Lab Extension
 _ . lik. bator
Appraisal
ass ii ___Il I
Designee Louis I Kahn Pa ul R udolph, Gwathem ey Architects IR1 m i-hiko M-3. W D e s iE n Stu o l o

Year of Commission 1965 1963 2009 2015

N umber of Users & Space ro

1 1 0 0 Ds qm f o r a p p r o x i m a t e l y 2 5 0 7500 sqm for a pprox ima tely 150
Standards Applicable
8,b ...tl, Researchers , 60 research groups
students
6 Floors totaling 16300sqm 9 $90 million
wo rk ers and 35 M ento rs

Salk had sought to make a beautiful campus

To create a fresh, contemporary
in order to draw the best researchers in the Together with External Weisner Building by To maim an intentful and
s t r u c t u r e that f a c i l i t a t e s n o u , n rn_

world. Today, the institute employs 850 To create a collaboration fostering I.M. Pei, the complex as intended to Ser. as a
. .. . . five workings and results in creative con fi gurable space for start-ups
Intent building with ability to creatively sum- showplace for new concepts in design, tommu- production g of
resea miners in 60 research groups in the i nn ov at iv e g oo d, no d that facilitates collaborative &
ulate students and faculty alike.
subjects of molecular biology + genetics, nica t ion systems and collaborative research. multi-disciplinary working_
s e r v i c e s
neurosciences and plant biology.

In 2004, the Times Higher Education ls -first Fast pace technological

Supplement ranked Salk as the world's top is the one of the The T-Hu
The architects envisioned the building The goal was to ignite a new energy and con- buildings that has been constructed inherent n7 developingrequires ds nfl'As'ibsi Li such,
biomedicine research institute, and in 2009 it
as a teat bine tool nectivity within the two building complex, with the intent of the function in the scheme should i:',. easily
was ranked number one globally by Science- Y
the country.
readopted as and when required.
Watch in the neuroscience and behavior areas

Brutallsra es a style has inherent

Contemporary, Ex pres sionis tic
But
One of the Earliest example of 13111 verpowering.
Kahn progressed from the International Style Architecture is seen as a living organism with when architecture is treated as
,n6 in in America, flaws, specifically for seeming
Belief/Style with the believe that buildings should be men the goal to make everyone's work visible to ev - infrastructure , then can
, Rudolph wanted an eryone else. For all of his restrained modernist
onl y

urnental and spiritually inspiring. imposing and inspiring p iece of archi- sensibility, Maki uses a Palladian idea for the spaces be flexible and adaptable
 •-• . • • • arrangement of the building's elements_ to mutable technological and
w h e r e i spatial need,
spaces were
re re i nteract i ve .
"It is a tripartite composition,' explains Maki.
The complex blend of Bnitalism and Interne- The architect used fragments of "The base is composed of the main entrance Extensive use of color over induc-
his to ry such as Assy ria n R e l i e f s .
tional Style. The vision included a functional pnithen Z en Friezes, ' Jar measures and its fairly low ceiling exhibition spaces, the trial produced materials to bring
institutional building with an inspiring envi- of Corbusier and original Louis Sullivan upper and lower atria form the piano mobile, enthusiastic undertones to the aura
ronrrmnt for scientific research. gates as a sample for students of art. and the public spaces on the roof are the of space
crown."

. u.,-,,,........,u-,..-,,,....,..-
u,...........,.................,........,.....,,...........,.........,.....,......,.......,.........,.............,......,........,.................... Educational Buildings, Romanesque iui,...,..-,....”......u........,....,........,...,...,.......,........i..,..........-,......ii,...,..,............... Workshops, Office Buildings,
Relevant Area of Research Institutional Buildings, Labora-
..........,..... Kahn studied mo na steries in order to Churches, Historical artefacts of Accelerato r Of f ices
for the Designer tory Buildings, Workshops.
build his concept of an " intellectual architecture Japanese Architectural Style, Palladian Archi-
retreae .He resolves this with distillation and .......................,.......,..,.......,..............,..........,.......,...............
....,..,.....,......,..,..............,.......,...,....u....,.......,..
tectural Principles ..,...
comport -

Located in Hyderabad, Telangana,

The building is located within the MET Campus It is within the business district of
L o cated in ❑ v iark a R egio n
N ew Hav en. Connecticut - Located and faces institutional and residential temp o- the city and is approximately km
Urban Context, San Diego, The project is located on the land of the New Delhi. The
at the periphery of the Yale university L f rom the Airpo rt co nnectiv ity . It
Neighbourhood, Precinct, adjunct to university of California campus in dev elop- merit control norms are
Campus, between institutional and nests around ' '
it ll site
is a l s o 2 1°Ce
' ' " 21
is placed inside the !IT-H campus
Land-use the east and the pacific ocean in the east medium cov erage - medium
residential buildings. from the Charles river, on whose edge the MIT and is surrounded by land-use of
F AR.
campus is designated. residential, institutional, research
parks and offices on all sides.

Vikram &Tani Schaal of Planning & Anduteatira 17

 ,_YaLe Art • Arc T-Hub Business
Parameter k Instit MIT Media Lab Extension Appraisal. Jim
Building baton
A strong urban campus, like Yale
The building, T-Hub and MIT Media
The surrounding land-use is majority insti- Lab are all over 90% in ground
Urban Context and tight development pressure
attic nal with colleges and research institutes coverage. Only Salk Institute
resulted in formation of a cube like building, on
and certain buildings alloted as perking corresponds to the given proj-
the cross section of Amherst M. and Ames st. ect's situation.
structures.

Usually, a uoi volume has

Georneby, Mass, Volume,
Figure Ground
Fortress -like building the juxtaposes
Sy mmetrical pla n, two stutterer mirro ring
masses of bush-hammered concrete
each other, separated by an open plaza.
with layers of steel framed glazing
A series of towers protrude over the
Buildings are segregated and arranged in a
roof in a series of turrets am also the
distilled fashion according to their function . AC loads, but daylighting is
structural piers.
The Cube, initially designed to be an coped-
been seen in all case examples,
mentation space consists of a spacious open
' . . exceptions may arise when one
plan, surrounded by small cubicles along its
C.uboid -1 Voided Atrium looks at Jockey Club Innova-
double-heightperiphery,accessedbycolorful staircasesandbalconiesandfinallycovered
lio n Tow er The Ho ng K o ng
bya Polytechnic University by Zaha
Hadid Architects .
walk able m esh roof
7 L abs of s iz e 50 0 - 85 0s qrn, 8 co nf erence
'aims on lowe r 5 n o r '' large conference on n n The floor planes recede as we move A c u b e d res ults in m o s t
6 " s t o r e y , s o ci al s p a r e s e s t h e u p p e r e r n e " vertically upwards from the atrium, ef h.
'en' fu nct ioning end red "'"
with fi fth floor cafe and small coffee shops on this cream s o v erlo o k ing s pac e s
the third and the fourth floor, with generous w h e r e e v e n the f u r t h e r m o s t ; a c e , significantly reed-
circulation from the public atrium 1..1_
circulation

The Building seems like an exercise in trans

P a r e r " - Th e Me di a La b h as ip r
'g l ' '' ' ' f '' '' ' '
for hiding itself in a building by I.M. Pei that 35m by 25m with a atrium that
With the expanse of the site, the built is also Intersecting masses of vertical turne. vanes fro.. is' 7 .
distributed thoroughly. and horizontal dabs was a nearly windowless box. The new building, "
r
" to ris ini t s n o m -
inal width
w hich jo ins the Pei at o ne edge, is ex actly the
op osite -

In urban settings, the geometri-

The built is oriented on its west-east axis,
with courtyard like formations between them
orientation
which witnesses the sunset on the banks of
the sea.
The building is oriented according the
urban fabric and the site conditions
that is strongly dictated by the net-
work of road-s.
The building sits in a strong urban
The building is oriented according to the site, context and thus is not oriented
with its major axis on 30 degrees east of north according to the cardinal direction
but the site conditions.
cal and la ndforms axis dominates
and forms the geometry. In the
case of Salk, the Context and
views were the primary determi-
nant of orientation.

The site is accessible from pectes tri- The site should be accessible by
Accessibility, Precinct, The site is accessible by Vehicles and Transit a I means of transport including
The is accessible from pedestrian, The site is accessible via all major transportation . - all
Neighborhood, City Level, Bus. For the city, the place is a university/ an routes, vehicular and Transit But the informally organized and
vehicular and Transit Bus services system in the city.
Transit C.onnectivity research/campus area. services under-represented class.

Transit Bus system, Road Network and Bicycle

friendly access paths and Pedestrian streets are
the available options

48 Design & Technology Incubator - The. 2 017


Parameter
Site Plan i Circulation
periphery roads, -where the utility and systems
Landscaping + Open Space
Components
Materiality 4- Facade
Strategy
Vikram Bengani , Schaal al-Planning & Arcluteriere
Salk Institute
The Site is located in prime land of La Jolla,
logs were reduced and removed to
California, bordering the pad& ocean
incorporate universal access and fire
safety in design.
The two major masses are connected by
the central plaza while services through the
units are also located.
i added
Not a single element oF greenerys.
within the precinct of the buildings, the only
natural element that one is directed towards
is the Ocean.
A centra l Plaz a a ppro xima ting 90 X 25m
divides the two rows of buildin g s
Concrete, Teak, Glass, Steel
Yale Art ■ Archl
Building
39 Level that were distributed
throughout the 6 floors of the
build- ,
a small garden surrounding the 5th
floor skylight entry point
No open space within the built in this
urban campus
Reinforced Concrete textured with
Bush hammering, Steel framed
Glazing
par media Lab Extension
The architects designed the circulation
facil- i tate contact among researchers. The
building actually includes two atria; a lower
public atri- um, and an upper atrium around
which the labs are arrayed. Stairs bridging the
atria are painted bright red, blue, and yellow —
a Mondrian- esque touch highlighting
connectivity, and creating a lively visual contrast
to the building's
predominantly white and gray palette,
Seven labs face one another across a central
confi g uration ; that is
atrium in a staggered config,
the firm level of one lab is at the second level
of an adjacent lab. The labs are of various sizes
ranging f rom 5,0 00 - 8,5 00 square f eet.
Social spaces: The upper atrium (see below), a
fifth-floor cafe, small coffee areas on the third
and fourth floors. The lower atrium is flanked
by entry exhibition spaces.
"Atrium: The atrium is in two parts
An outer, or street, atriumrising four floors
from street level, flanked by exhibition spaces
that appear to be part of the atrium.
An inner atrium that is a social/exhibition space
for building inhabitants, rising two floors at the
third and fourth floors, reached by a spectacu-
lar staircase risingfrom the outer a MUM below"
No landscaping specifically into on the site, the
ground is primarily covered with built_ Howev-
er, a common courtyard/plaza between three
adjacent blocks does exist, shared between the
M uds building and the MI T Medical Center
Reinfo rced co ncrete + M S Steel Structure
illtusiness
bator
incu-
to
The site is connected with other
institutional building in the vicinity
by pedestrian pathways
that
The design is intended to be a pin
in style with the existing
However, the setback norm
ex pa ns io n o f the built.
The ter - race of the building has been
turned into a small cafe and planted
with shrubs and grasses
Only the accessible greens adjunct
to the building within the campus
limits are present
A wide range of material of natural,
synthetic and emulated natural
quality is used extensively through-
out the buildings.
i Appraisal
Usually, the cases studies have
not been responding appro-
priately to existing urban level
infrastructure and surrounding
site. They are inward looking
with no apparent connection to
the surrounding land-use. This
may be a functional consider-
ation.
The Yale Building was easily
extended and integrated into
the existing one_
So was the MIT Media Lab. This
was but jointed on one side of
the buildings.
It is safe to say that this project
might need expanding as well
would prove hindering to the
Landscaping will he an important
determinant in exponential
unders tanding of Architecture
since the ground coverage
permissible is low.
Due to high Ground Coverage,
Landscaping has been included
inside the buildini
Concrete is certainly favourite
among the case example of
earlier style. Contemporary
s tr uc t u re s ta m e f u nc ti o n a l
4
Sr.',
19
 u Arc
Parameter Institute MIT Media Lab Extension jam, Appraisal
The brutal depiction of concrete is count-
Reviews of the buildings have been
er-balanced with natural teak finishes on the In the Extension building, sober colors g ood g enerall y g ,and the colorful- E a rth ., and natural materials
window and the shades to create a harmony g
of zinc panels and limestone cladding aluminum Screen area utilized as shading like wood and natural stone have
of natural and synthetic. The finish of the is adopted to balance the bush r ia s
' have not been ' aeri. as an a "
devices to adhere to building code of 5G% glass been considered to be important
co ncre te a ls o co ntribu tes in ma inta ini ng sore. This has been achieved by towards f .1. .
hammered concrete of the original facade using temperature tem d el 'taring a creative
the natural fi nish to otherwise man made lighting careful ligg p
building. environment.
i and adjacent colors.
mater al.

The Teak finish is left exposed to the sun with

no synthetic or anti-agi ng protective coating, Carpets of orange colors are used to The road facing facades are finished in ACP ,
which has aged appropriately balancing the balance the greyness of concrete Glass and Aluminum
concrete that also has aged rich time.

Concrete was poured in-situ using the

techniques used in Roman Architecture with The inside of the buildings are covered in soft
Occasionally, Timber is used to
volcanic ash. Once the concrete was set, no materials, on the undertones of white. Usually
and Gre
further finishing was allowed in order to attain compliment the.natronorarla y carpet interiors are employed as a sound reduc-
combr
a pinkish and warm glow in concrete left with Lion strategy.
exposed joints and fours-work markings,
1111111=1114=411111M1111M1111=1111M11111..111■11114=11111•MIIIIMIIIM
11111=1111=111111N11111M11111=11111111111111111111114111111111111111
1.11111.11111111111111116

The Open Plaza is made of travertine marble

and a single strip of water tuns down the
center, linking all the buildings to the pacific
ocean, formally establishing an axis towards 11111711111M1111M11111■1111■11111=1.11=1111..11111■1111MIIIIMP1111=111 11111111.111111...1111 1.411111M
1■11111.11111MIIIIMIIIIMIIM1111■1111•111111•111114=111MIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIII M11111=1111=111M1111.111111
the vast scale of ocean.
IIMIIIIAM1111MIIIIIMIIIIM1111.1111111=11111=11111M11111=1111=11111=11111
11

"Reinfo rced Co ncrete R aft Fo undation .

Subs truc tu re
Ca st in- Situ Reinfo rced Concrete with co lo r- Reinforced concrete with plastered
Construction System Reinforced Concrete MS Framing with rectangular sections as Clearly, a ra ft foundation would
ing admixtures and paneled finishes
Compression and Tension members of the be necessary for the basement
Superstructure." services and parking areas. for
Inside the laboratories, the ducts and vents Massive hollow piers the support Deck sheeting as structural slab, this results in the superstructure, service
are reinforced by concrete Vierendeel trusses service inside them and the load on easier conduit. A screed is laid over for further i ntegration With structure would
supported by post-tensioned columns themselves floor finishes be a neccesary component and
thus, perhaps, deck sheeting
Steel Trusses form the Large spanning element
may be suitable.
Steel framed Glazing for the Audito rium at the over flo or.

r t The building is Air- Conditioned Radiant Cooling system would

Passive & Mechanical Mechanical spaces were hidden in the building the building is mechanically lighted
Heat gain i3 further reduced by the high and utilizes the chiller based system not work unless humidity is
Design Strategies + s e p a r a t i n g t h e " s e r v e d 'the
f r "servant'
om the a ventilated as the balky volume performance, two layer, argon-filled insulated
with individual FCU for each office/ under control and the tempera-
Sustainatility spaces, as Kahn refereed to them cannot be naturally appropriated. glazing with low-e coatings and a 50percent
lab space tore is
ceramic fit in a microdot pattern
A solar PV System has been retrofitted on e plants a re located on the second Locating the Plant Rooms in i
The The atrium of the the building
the roof of all the buildings without any visual a solar PV system is attached on the terrace the lowermost basement is risky,
b a s e m e nt and acoustically sealed from behaves as a light well, evenly
confrontation to the pristine setting and floor on an inclined plane given the water table 13t flooding
the habitable places. distributin g the structure
architecture potential.

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2 017

30
 Parameter l k Instit MR YaleArt• Arch1111.1 Appraisal
Ma
Jim
Bui Wing MIT Media Lab Extension for
All service pipelines are exposed
The facade facing the plaza is pivoted on its and celebrated with Graphics and A So lar PV Sy s tem w ith Direc t
vertical to create views towards the oc. n and graphic design elements. This has DC Lighting would prove
shade from the west sun. been possible due to the central efficient .
a i r-conditionine. system.
,,-,,,,-,,,-,,-.,,,,-.,,..,,,,..,,,-.,,,..,,,- ,,..,,.,,,-,,,-,,,,-,,-,,,,.,,....,,,...,,.....,,,..,,,-.,,...,,,-,,..,,.-,,-,,-.,,,-,,,,...,,..,,....,,,,..,,,-.,,,-, ..,,,..,,...,,.,..,,,-,,-,,,,-.,,,,.,,,,,.,,,-,,-.,,...,,,..,,,-.,,,.,,,-, ..,,,-,,,,,.,,,,,-,,,,..,,,...,,,-
,,-,,, u.-.,,,,.....,,,,.....,,.......,,,..

The big, wide open space with offices surround-

The buildings are six stones tali with the first The meeting rooms and collalsora-
Functional Relationshi P A public cafe sits on-the ground floor ing it on the ground and mezzanine levels, the
three containing laboratories and the last uve spaces usually open up to the
Diagrams of the extension building Cube has proved to be a perfect space f.or
three with utilities atrium.
working collaboratively.
In the section, the building chang.
The spaces mith
P'r njdin
g Accordingly, Maki designed most of the labs The circulation overlooks the atrium
37 lev els to acco mrno da. f unctio ns
tower that contains spaces for individual an, eimui „nri. in m intur .x„nrd in the new building to occupy two floors and in the middle and is generally more
studies linked with bridges overlooking manner. surrounded them with offices, private to an office.

Originally the design also included living guar- It is organized around a central atrium that
Ap e n t h o uas e artnts
p onthe
tees and a conference building, but they were ter-race foruest critics connects public spaces on the ground and
g
never actually built upper floors forming a kind of vertical street

East end of the building are reserved for The service cores are distributed at The faculty and grad-student offices occupy a
support systems such as heating, ventilation the periphery of the building and are mezzanine level, connected to an open research Mechanical services are based out in
systems while the west end towers face the accompanied by one of the turrets area by a spiral staircase. Each mezzanine is also the basement
pacific ocean that also catty the service pipes accessible by elevator.

A series of interlocking two-story spaces facili-

tate what I call 'diagonal thinking,' - says Andy
L i p pizaonun . Oni e,,could
, e e each stando inn.tohfetahtre i ivamb , and
The laboratories were intent- fully separated Mechanical and workshops are located
through g a into . .
from Individual study spaces, establishing in the basement i along with the main
observe what everybody IS doing at any given
them as different activities. auditorium
time. The open and non hierarchical nature of
the space is both efficient and rooted in the
Media Lab's history
The idea of simple and strong; the served
'..only 53
space of laboratories where research is While the student and faculty rooms .% of the space is assignable the rest,
performed, the serving space of offices where feature on the above floors nearly half of the building, is designated as
thought initiates
shared space"

From the central atrium, you can look into the A eunt ral At rium i, Lit . bindin.r ul em un ts .. ro un d

The strip of water enhances the symmetry labs of half a dozen different research teams. ; ' n d w r
' d s
P'''' '' Around the central atrium,
Spatial Organization and Internally, the building is organized w hi c h , ii i w ow

intended in tine plan and creates a sense of Labs are wide open: Senior offices wrap around d " d
to. While the circulation Circulatio n co uld alternate
its contribution to the around a central core space defined by
monurnentality in the otherwise bare open the top of a double-height shared space. Tfney from outside to inside to create
whale four large concrete slab columns patterns
plaza work like the ateliers of art schools, each with a c e betwn e e n tt ethe e r . overlooking spaces.
master and a team of acolytes.
Maki conceived the new Media Lab Complex as
asynthesis of many interlocking cubes, result-
ins in a complex sectional configuration that The service ducts also acts as a
e buildings are designed to promote col- the building is drawn on a regular would allow maximum transparency through a
The very important advantage, that of natural light
laboration by no walk separating laboratories rectangular with the south side fitting
and energy. of pipes direct users towards various
on any floor itself to the profile of the site line sign-age holder where undersides functions

Vikrom &Tani , Schaal af Planning &Archltortura 51

 Parameter Salk Institute
Due to Zoning code, the first two stories had
to be underground, sinking the laboratories
Lighting Strategies in the courtyard. In order to receive sunlight,
these spaces were served with I ight-wellsi2 X
7.5 m in size
The overground laboratories are lit with large
glass panes on their exterior wall_
The lighting fixtures are designed to easily
slide along a rail on the roof, in tune with
collaborative and open philosophy of the Salk
institute.
The use of double facades and green walls arehtin
Circula tion cores are placed disjunct from
Service & Circulation
the built, serving the Study and the research
Cores
spaces simultaneously.
52
MIT Lab Extension Appraisal
Buildin
Massive piers are overemphasized and It is organized around a central atrium that
a cafeteria is present and main-
balanced with the linearity of texture connects public spaces on the ground and
and the slab lines. upper floors forming a kind of vertical street twined within the compound
Each level overlooks the central atrium
while narrow concrete walkways Within the central atrium is a
s t e p p e d s i t t i n g a r e a t h a t d o u b l e s a s
connect the spaces on either side of
a communal space.
the well
Besides the artificial lighting that
Steel Framed sheathed in a system of alumi-
Warm lighting throughout the building have drawn well curated to meet Daylighting is an important
urods, likening ditio I bamboo
falling and bouncing on orange carpets n
`n ' flin
g' a 'If, a Sun ,
individual needs, the central atrium factor in creating breathable and
and Grey concrete screen. acts as a protection to aun radiation comforting spaces.
gain acts as a dayliehting strategy for the
and Heat g
inner segments of the building
Windows are covered with ap-
Windows of extraordinary sizes open Unlike most urban buildings
W i n d propriately designed louvers and
on th e „ c . d e to allow daylig ht of The Building Co de in Cam bridge dictate no studied, . spread out approach
more than 59% glass on the facade. Thus a a overhanging shades carefully. to
enter the building scrim was evolved that reduces heat gain and may be more SUAab le.
offers reinterpretations of the views. reduce glare and heat gain
me.,h ani . cal lighting, mounted as spot 'The lightness of their construction allows
lights on rails over the ceiling make up light, views, and breeze to pass through while
for interior visual comfort providing shade and privacy"
"""""' "'"""' -
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"""•""''"'"'"""" -""''""''"""^""''""n
"n^""-m"''""''""' -'""'"'""'"'"""^""''""" -'"""
Around the central atrium,
The circula tion C Ol . are generally Circulation are present on the
Circulatio n co uld alternate
located with the piers and run along periphery and are generally opening
from outside to inside to create
the service ducts. towards the lobby and the atrium
overlooking spaces.
Design& Technology Incubator - Thetis 2 017