Date: 27-06-2021 PAGE NO: 1

CLASS: B.Sc. & B. Com 1st year Sem -2

SUBJECT: Basic Computer Skills [AECC]
FACULTY: T. SATYANARAYANA MURTHY
Syllabus [AECC: Ability Enhancement Compulsory]
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University Exam (Theory)
Time 2Hrs. Maximum Marks: 40
Section-A (4X4=16 Marks)
Answer any Four of the following six questions. Each question carries four marks.
Q1. From Unit 1
Q2. From Unit 1
Q3. From Unit 1
Q4. From Unit 2
Q5. From Unit 2
Q6. From Unit 2

Section-B (2x12=24 Marks)

Answer all the following two questions. Each carry 12 marks
Q9 (a) or (b) From Unit 1
Q10 (a) or (b) From Unit 2

INTRODUCTION

The word “computer” comes from the word “compute” which means to
calculate. So, a computer is normally considered to be a calculating device that
can perform arithmetical operations at enormous speed.
Definition:
Computer is a high-speed electronic data processing machine which takes data
as input, process it, and gives information as output.
OR
Computer is an electronic data processing machine which receives and stores
large volumes of data in the form of symbols and digits and processes them at
a high speed as per the instructions and outputs the results with great speed
and accuracy.
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Basic Applications of computer:
The various applications of computers in today's are:

1. Business
2. Education
3. Marketing
4. Banking
5. Insurance
6. Communication
7. Health Care
8. Military
9. Engineering Design
10. Entertainment

Business
A computer has high speed of calculation, diligence, accuracy, reliability, or
versatility which made it an integrated part in all business organisations.
Computer is used in business organisations for: Payroll calculations, Sales
analysis, Budgeting, Financial forecasting, Managing employees database and
Maintenance of stocks etc.
Education
Computers have its dominant use in the education field which can significantly
enhance performance in learning. Even distance learning is made productive
and effective through internet and video-based classes.
Marketing
In marketing, uses of computer are:
Advertising - With computers, advertising professionals create art and
graphics, write and revise copy, and print and disseminate ads with the goal of
selling more products.
Home Shopping - Home shopping has been made possible through use of
computerised catalogues that provide access to product information and
permit direct entry of orders to be filled by the customers.
Banking
Banks provide online accounting facility, which includes current balances,
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deposits, overdrafts, interest charges, shares, and trustee records.
ATM machines are making it even easier for customers to deal with banks.
Insurance
Insurance companies are keeping all records up-to-date with the help of
computers.
Communication
Communication means to convey a message, an idea, a picture or speech that
is received and understood clearly and correctly by the person for whom it is
meant for. Some main areas in this category are: Chatting, E-mail, Usenet, FTP,
Video-conferencing and Telnet.
Health Care
Most of the medical information can now be digitized from the prescription to
reports.
Military
Computers are the main tools which help in developing missiles and other
equipment in the deference system. Designing and the maintenance are
possible only through computers.
Engineering Design
As per the title, computers aid in designing buildings, magazines, prints,
newspapers, books and many others.
Entertainment
Computers help to watch movies online, play games online; act as a virtual
entertainer in playing games, listening to music, etc.
Q. Logical Organization of Digital Computer
Or
Elements of Computers
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All computer systems perform the following five basic operations for
converting raw input data into useful information and presenting it to a user.
1. Inputting: - Process of entering data and instructions into a computer
system.
2. Storing: - Saving data and instructions to make them readily available for
initial or additional processing as and when required.
3. Processing: - Performing arithmetic operations (add, subtract, multiply,
divide etc) or logical operations on data or convert them into useful
information.
4. Outputting: - Process of producing useful information or results for a
user such as printed report or virtual display.
5. Controlling: - Directing the manner and sequence in which the above
operations are performed.

Input unit
Data and instructions must enter the computer system before any
computation can be performed on the supplied data. This task is performed by
the input unit.
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In short, the following functions are performed by an input unit :
1. It accepts (or reads) the list of instructions and data from outside
world.
2. It converts theses instructions and data into computer acceptable form.
3. It supplies the converted instructions and data to the computer system
for further processing.
Output unit
The job of an output unit is just the reverse of that of an input unit. It
supplies information and results of computation. It is used to display the result.
In short, the following functions are performed by an output unit:
1. It accepts the results produced by the computer which are in coded
from and hence cannot be easily understood by us.
2. It converts these results into human acceptable (readable) form.
3. It supplies the converted results to the outside world.
Storage unit
Data and instructions entered into a computer system through input units
have to be stored inside the computer before actual processing starts. It is a
device that can accept data hold them and deliver them on demand at a later
time.
A storage unit holds:
• Data and instruction required for processing
• Intermediate results of processing
• Results for output, before they are released to an output
device.
Storage unit of all computers is comprised of following two types of storage:
a. Primary storage
b. Secondary storage.
a. primary storage: The primary storage, also called primary memory, stores
and provides information very fast. It provides a volatile storage i.e.; the data
gets erased when the power is failure. This primary memory contains RAM and
ROM. So, primary memory is a temporary memory. It contains data and other
application programs.
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b. Secondary storage: On the other hand, the secondary storage(memory) is
used like an archive. It may store several programs, documents, databases, etc.
The secondary memory is slower and cheaper than the primary memory. Some
of the commonly used secondary memory devices are floppy diskette, hard
disk and magnetic plate.
Arithmetic logic unit (ALU)
The arithmetic logic unit of a computer system is the place where the actual
execution of the instructions takes place during the processing operation.
However, almost all ALU’s are designed to perform the four basic
arithmetic operations-add, subtract, multiply, divide and logic operations or
comparisons such as less than, equal to, greater than.
Control unit
It manages and coordinates the entire computer system. It acts as a central
nervous system for the other components of computer system.
Central Processing Unit
The control unit and the arithmetic logic unit of a computer system
are jointly known as the central processing unit (CPU). The CPU is the brain of
any computer system. In a computer system all major calculations and
comparisons are made inside the CPU and the CPU is also responsible for
activating and controlling the operations of other units of a computer system.
• It performs all calculations.
• It takes all decisions.
• It controls all units of the computer.
COMPUTER MEMORY
It is a device that can accept data, hold them and deliver them on demand at a
later time. This memory is called as primary memory. Storage units are
basically of two types-primary and secondary. As compared to secondary
storage units, primary storage units have faster access time, smaller storage
capacity, and higher cost per bit of storage.