Word Count: 3230

Plagiarism Percentage
0%

sources:

There are no matching sources for this report.

paper text:

Introduction (Multimedia) Multimedia is an interactive medium that offers a variety of effective methods to
convey information to the user. It facilitates interaction between users and digital data. It is a communication
medium. Education, training, reference material, corporate presentations, advertising, and documentaries
are just a few of the industries that utilize multimedia extensively. Definition of Multimedia Multimedia is
defined as the display of information in a visually appealing and interactive way using a mix of text, audio,
video, graphics, and animation. In other words, multimedia is a computer-assisted way of presenting
information that includes text, audio, video, images, and animations. E-mail, Yahoo Messenger, Video
Conferencing, and Multimedia Message Service are just a few examples (MMS). Multimedia, as the name
implies, is a combination of multi and media, referring to a variety of media (hardware/software) utilized for
information transmission. Components of Multimedia Following are the common components of multimedia:
• Text- All multimedia productions contain some amount of text. The text can have various types of fonts and
sizes to suit the profession presentation of the multimedia software. • Graphics- Graphics make the
multimedia application attractive. In many cases people do not like reading large amount of textual matter on
the screen. Therefore, graphics are used more often than text to explain a concept, present background
information etc. There are two types of Graphics: o Bitmap images- Bitmap images are real images that can
be captured from devices such as digital cameras or scanners. Generally bitmap images are not editable.
Bitmap images require a large amount of memory. o Vector Graphics- Vector graphics are drawn on the
computer and only require a small amount of memory. These graphics are editable. • Audio- A multimedia
application may require the use of speech, music and sound effects. These are called audio or sound
element of multimedia.Speech is also a perfect way for teaching. Audio are of analog and digital types.
Analog audio or sound refers to the original sound signal. Computer stores the sound in digital form.
Therefore, the sound used in multimedia application is digital audio. • Video- The term video refers to the
moving picture, accompanied by sound such as a picture in television. Video element of multimedia
application gives a lot of information in small duration of time. Digital video is useful in multimedia application
for showing real life objects. Video have highest performance demand on the computer memory and on the
bandwidth if placed on the internet. Digital video files can be stored like any other files in the computer and
the quality of the video can still be maintained. The digital video files can be transferred within a computer
network. The digital video clips can be edited easily. • Animation- Animation is a process of making a static
image look like it is moving. An animation is just a continuous series of still images that are displayed in a
sequence. The animation can be used effectively for attracting attention. Animation also makes a
presentation light and attractive. Animation is very popular in multimedia application App
lications of Multimedia Multimedia in Marketing and Advertising- Multimedia promotion may
significantly improve the marketing of new goods. The use of multimedia to improve
communication at a low cost paved the way for marketing and advertising professionals. Flying
banners, video transitions, animations, and sound effects are some of the components utilized in
creating a multimedia-based advertising to appeal to the customer in a manner never seen before
and increase product sales. Multimedia in Entertainment- Multimedia marketing can significantly
improve the promotion of new goods. The use of multimedia to improve communication at a low
cost paved the way for marketing and advertising professionals. Flying banners, video transitions,
animations, and sound effects are some of the components utilized in creating a multimedia-based
advertising to appeal to the customer in a manner never seen before and increase product sales.
Multimedia in Education- There are currently a plethora of educational computer games accessible.
Consider the case of a children's educational game that includes a variety of rhymes. Apart from
playing the rhymes, the kid may paint the images, change the size of different items, and so on.
There are many additional multimedia programs on the market that offer children with a wealth of
comprehensive knowledge and play options. Multimedia at the Bank- Another public area where
multimedia is increasingly being used in recent years is the bank. People go to the bank to establish
savings/current accounts, deposit monies, withdraw cash, learn about the bank's different financial
plans, and get loans, among other things. Every bank has a wealth of information that it want to
share with its clients. It may utilize multimedia in a variety of ways to achieve this goal. A PC
monitor in the client rest area also shows information on the bank's different programmes. On-line
and internet banking have grown extremely popular in recent years. These make heavy use of
multimedia. As a result, multimedia is assisting banks in providing service to their clients as well as
teaching them about the banks' appealing financing plans. Multimedia in the Hospital- Multimedia
is best used in hospitals for real-time monitoring of the conditions of patients who are suffering
from a severe illness or have been involved in an accident. The conditions are constantly shown on
a computer screen, and any changes on the screen may notify the on-duty doctor or nurse.
Multimedia allows a surgeon or expert to consult with a patient while watching a live operation line
on his computer display and providing online guidance at any moment. Multimedia may also be
used in hospitals to identify illnesses, with CD-ROMs, cassettes, and DVDs including multimedia-
based information on different diseases and treatments. Multimedia presentations are used widely
in the teaching of young physicians and nurses at certain institutions. During crucial operations,
multimedia displays are increasingly widely utilized. Multimedia Pedagogues—Pedagogues are only
effective teaching tools if they excite and motivate pupils. A pedagogue's audio-visual assistance
may really aid in this. A multimedia tutor may provide the student with a variety of difficulties in
order to pique his interest in a subject. Pedagogue's teaching has progressed beyond simple button
control to include intelligent simulations, dynamic link construction, composition and
collaboration, and system testing of user interactions. Challenges of using Multimedia in Internet
Supporting multimedia applications over a computer network renders the application distributed.
This will involve many special computing techniques -- discussed later. 1. The transmission and
receiving of information contained in molecules is used in molecular communication. Molecular
communications has the potential to become the primary method for implementing new medical
solutions. The interoperability of molecular communication with other networks, energy-efficient
models and protocols for molecular communication, and the implementation of dependability in
molecular communication are the main research issues in this field. 2. In the Internet of Things,
billions of resource-constrained devices will be linked. The spectrum available is insufficient to
enable IoT connectivity systems. IoMT has a major problem in determining the best resource
allocation for important multimedia traffic. Artificial intelligence (machine learning, deep learning)
can help IoMT allocate resources in a more energy-efficient manner. 3. In LTE-A, device-to-device
(D2D) connectivity establishes direct contact with the device within its communicatio
n range. Increased network spectrum efficiency, energy economy, decreased transmission latency, traffic
offloaded base station, and less congestion in the cellular core network are all potential benefits of D2D
communication. The advantages of D2D communication may be taken advantage of via IoMT. The main
study topics in D2D communication for IoMT include interference, radio resource allocation, power
management, and QoE enhancement for cellular users. 4. The main need of IoMT is energy-efficient
operation and protocols. Many multimedia traffic sources in the IoMT depend on battery-powered
devices that have limited energy and/or are not readily rechargeable. IoMT has similar challenges to
WSNs/IoT in terms of energy efficiency, protocol design (i.e., medium access control and routing
protocols), and the requirement to maximize network lifespan. Energy-efficient protocols for IoMT may
be developed based on the particular application and deployment environment. 5. The integration of
multimedia nano-devices with communication networks and the Internet is known as the Internet of
Multimedia Nano-Things (IoMNT). Security, biomedical, military, and industrial are among of the
possible uses of IoMNT. Novel medium access control methods, addressing schemes, neighbor
identification and routing strategies, QoS-aware cross-layer communication module, and security
solutions for the IoMNT are among the major research issues in IoMNT. 6. The use of multimedia-
oriented IoT via vehicle networks is rapidly growing. Vehicles nowadays are capable of capturing and
transmitting multimedia traffic produced by built-in IoT devices in real time. However, owing to high
mobility, density, and unpredictable wireless channel circumstances, the performance of multimedia
content delivery in vehicle networks is substantially reduced. The main research difficulties in IoMT over
vehicle networks include rate adaptation, multimedia delivery across heterogeneous devices, robust video
encoding, scalability, and timely delivery of multimedia information. Proposed solutions. ultimedia data
becomes more and more relevant for applications that require a certain level of trust in the integrity and
the authenticity of documents. Examples include scanned contracts and documents which integrity needs
to be verified, photos or video clips attached to news reports which contents should be provably authentic
or recordings of interviews which shall be used as evidence in the future. The possibility to store
documents in digital form raises new challenges with respect to the recognition and prevention of
forgeries and manipulations. By using a powerful personal computer and sophisticated image editing
software, even an inexperienced user is able to edit a picture at will, e.g. by adding, deleting or replacing
specific objects, thereby creating “perfect” manipulations that do not introduce visually noticeable traces
(Cox et al., 2001; Zhu et al., 2004). It is very hard, if not impossible, for a human to judge whether a
multimedia document is authentic only by visual inspection. As a result, the old proverb “words are but
wind, but seeing is believing” is not true anymore in the digital era. Multimedia document authentication
tries to alleviate this problem by providing tools that verify the integrity and authenticity of multimedia
files. In particular those tools detect whether a document has undergone any tampering since it has been
created (Zhu et al., 2004). In this chapter we focus on tools that operate on raw data (such as sequences of
image pixels or audio samples) instead of compound multimedia objects, as this is the focus of current
research. Depending on the application scenario, three different approaches – media forensics, perceptual
hashing and digital watermarking – can be found in the literature. The field of media forensics tries to
examine a multimedia document in order to decide whether it is authentic or not. No prior knowledge on
the document is assumed. Technically, these schemes look for suspicious patterns that indicate specific
tampering. In addition, it is sometimes possible to determine the device that was used to create the
document (such as a scanner or camera). Note that document forensics differs fundamentally from
steganalysis. The latter tries to detect and decode any secret imperceptible messages encoded within a
document, while forensics deals with the examination of document authenticity and integrity;
steganalysis is thus out of scope of this chapter. While promising approaches exist to uncover tampering,
more reliable results can be achieved if a potentially tampered document can be compared to its
“original” version. This operation is usually harder than it seems, as media documents may undergo
several processing steps during their lifetime; while these operations do not modify the visual content of a
document, its binary representation does change. For example, media files are usually
stored and distributed in compressed form. Such compression methods are often lossy and will render the
decompressed data slightly different from the original copy (e.g. the JPEG format does not store
perceptually insignificant parts of an image). Besides compression, the data may also undergo other
incidental distortions such as scaling. Thus, the binary representation of media documents cannot directly
be compared to each other. Perceptual hashes provide an automated way of deciding whether two media
files are still “perceptually identical”, for example whether one document is a copy of another one, which was
processed without changing its semantics. A hash is a short digest of a message, which is sensitive to
modifications: if a document is severely changed, the hash value will change in a random manner. Hashes
can be used to verify the integrity of an object if the hash of the “original” is stored at a trustworthy place,
such as a notary. During verification, the document is hashed and the hash is compared to the hash of the
original. If the hash differs, the document is assumed to be modified. Conclusion Multimedia is a phrase that
combines the words multi and media. The term media (medium) has a twofold meaning: it refers to a device
that stores data on a disk, CD, tape, semiconductor memory, and other devices. Second, information
carriers such as numbers, text, music, images, and so on are sent. As a result, the equivalent word is
multimedia, which literally means that the media is compounded by a single medium. Anything you watch or
listen to is considered multimedia. It includes images, music, sound, text, and a variety of other elements.
Information content processing equipment, such as computerized and electronic gadgets, typically record
and play, display, or access this. Multimedia refers to the combination of picture, sound, graphics, images,
text, text, animation, and other media to create an organic whole with the goal of achieving a certain
purpose. All contemporary technologies have two sides to them, and the media is one of them. It consists of
hardware and software, or a combination of machines and concepts. Control systems and information are
two categories of multimedia technology and characteristics. Multimedia The CD-ROM is the primary
medium for storing and exchanging data. The computer business cannot sell hundreds of gigabytes of
multimedia applications for audio, visual, and text data without such a handy CD-ROM. We are no more
passive audiences when it comes to multimedia; we can influence, participate, and have it done according
to our requirements. We can have immediate access to essential facts in a report, regardless of how
worthless the information is. It may also be of interest to the stories and photographs gathered from across
the globe. Multimedia may be stored, transferred, shown, and experienced in a variety of ways. To put it
another way, it is an effective mode of communication. Multimedia plays an essential part in today's culture
since everything in today's society is about keeping up with the times. Multimedia is an effective means of
communication because it makes it simple to communicate and comprehend what others are saying. Then
there's multimedia, which includes animation, music, video, and more. This makes it simpler to get others to
pay attention to what you're saying. It has also piqued people's curiosity in hearing and seeing what you
have to say when you offer a product. Multimedia may also help you convey your message more effectively.
They can watch what you do in multimedia if they don't understand what you say. Because multimedia
simplifies things, kids can grasp them more easily. They used multimedia in programming, radio, the
internet, and universality in this. You've now had a multi-sensory visual and audio experience. Other people
will not be able to read that dull book since it has animation, music, and movement. Is the city doing the
media under our control, so we can use our imagination to create a dynamic multimedia? When giving a
presentation, we cannot rely only on words. Because the sauce will take the visitors to places they don't
want to go, they will get bored. As a result, when we conduct a briefing, we must not just expand the number
of animation writers, musicians, or videographers. We can also create a dynamic point typeface that will
pique the attention of your visitors. Other multimedia files, such as video, picture, and flash memory, will not
only assist you in improving your visual abilities, but will also provide additional advantages to users.
Multimedia may also be used on the internet; this includes not only assisting in the creation of more
multimedia websites, but also assisting in the creation of more multimedia website users' interests.
However, it will aid in attracting more links to your site, which will assist you improve your ranking. As a
result, creating a multimedia project or a Web site requires more than just writing abilities and a higher level
of education. A strong organization and business skills are required.