27/8/2021 An 80-Mg railroad engine A coasting at 6.

5 km/h strikes a 20 | Quizlet

Explanations

Question

An 80-Mg railroad engine A coasting at 6.5 km/h strikes a 20-Mg flat-car C carrying a 30-Mg load B that can slide along
the floor of the car (μk ​ = 0.25). Knowing that the car was at rest with its brakes released and that it automatically
coupled with the engine upon impact, deter-mine the velocity of the car (a) immediately after impact, (b) after the load
has slid to a stop relative to the car.

Explanation Verified

Step 1 1 of 4

Knowns:

The mass of the railroad engine is mA ​ = 80 Mg = 80 × 103 kg

The mass of the load is mB ​ = 30 Mg = 30 × 103 kg

The mass of the flat car is mC ​ = 20 Mg = 20 × 103 kg

The initial velocity of the railroad engine is (vA )0 ​ ​ = 6.5 km/h = 1.80556 m/s

(vB )0 = (vC )0 = 0 m/s

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Step 2 2 of 4

For the impact between the railroad engine A and the flat car C

Applying the conservation of momentum,

mA (vA )0 + mB (vB )0 + mC (vC )0 = mA vA ′ + mB vB ′ + mC vC ′

​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

(a) The engine and the flat car has a common velocity,

vA ′ = vC ′ = v ′
​ ​

(80 × 103 × 1.80556) + (30 × 103 × (0)) + (20 × 103 × (0)) = ((80 + 20) × 103 v ′ ) + (30 × 103 × (0))

80 × 103 × 1.80556
′
v =
100 × 103
​

v′ = 1.444 m/s = 5.2 km/h → ​

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Step 3 3 of 4

(b) After the load has slid to a stop relative to the car, the three masses will have a common velocity vf ​

Applying the conservation of momentum,

mA (vA )0 + mB (vB )0 + mC (vC )0 = mA vf + mB vf + mC vf

​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

(80 × 103 × 1.80556) + (30 × 103 × (0)) + (20 × 103 × (0)) = (80 + 30 + 20) × 103 vf ​

80 × 103 × 1.80556
vf =
130 × 103
​ ​

vf = 1.11111 m/s = 4 km/h →

​ ​

Result 4 of 4

(a) v ′ = 1.444 m/s = 5.2 km/h →

(b) vf ​ = 1.11111 m/s = 4 km/h →

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