RAASTHA‌‌CASE‌‌STUDY‌‌-‌A
‌ ‌‌multimodal‌‌aggregator‌‌app‌  ‌
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About‌  ‌

This‌‌Project‌  ‌
In‌‌this‌‌project,‌‌I‌‌have‌‌designed‌‌an‌‌app‌‌to‌‌integrate‌‌all‌‌available‌‌modes‌‌of‌‌public‌‌and‌‌private‌‌ 

transit‌‌modes.This‌‌was‌‌a‌‌part‌‌of‌‌my‌‌design‌‌bootcamp.‌  ‌

Raastha‌‌is‌‌a‌‌multimodal‌‌aggregator‌‌app‌‌which‌‌provides‌‌a‌‌broad‌‌range‌‌of‌‌intra-city‌‌mobility‌‌ 

options‌‌to‌‌the‌‌users.The‌‌options‌‌include‌‌public‌‌transits‌‌routes‌‌and‌‌schedules‌‌(Bus,‌‌train,‌‌metro)‌‌ 

and‌‌private‌‌transits‌‌(cab‌‌services,‌‌renting‌‌service).‌‌The‌‌app‌‌tries‌‌to‌‌improve‌‌the‌‌quality‌‌of‌‌ 

intra-city‌‌travel‌‌by‌‌integrating‌‌all‌‌available‌‌means‌‌of‌‌transport‌‌and‌‌offers‌‌commuters‌‌ 

combinations‌‌of‌‌cheaper,‌‌quicker‌‌and‌‌greener‌‌options.‌  ‌

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The‌‌challenge‌‌-‌ ‌Raastha‌‌app‌  ‌

Transportation‌‌is‌‌overwhelming‌‌and‌‌mechanical‌‌nowadays.There‌‌are‌‌many‌‌individual‌‌apps‌‌for‌‌ 

public‌‌transit,‌‌cabs‌‌and‌‌other‌‌transportation‌‌options,‌‌but‌‌there‌‌needs‌‌to‌‌be‌‌leveraging‌‌ 

technology‌‌to‌‌go‌‌beyond‌‌a‌‌single‌‌mode‌‌of‌‌transportation‌‌and‌‌provide‌‌a‌‌broad‌‌range‌‌of‌‌mobility‌‌ 

options‌‌to‌‌the‌‌users‌‌and‌‌reduce‌‌traffic‌‌congestion‌‌in‌‌our‌‌cities.‌‌   ‌

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But‌‌when‌‌users‌‌prefer‌‌opting‌‌for‌‌a‌‌transit‌‌mode‌‌they‌‌have‌‌been‌‌facing‌‌issues‌‌such‌‌as:‌  ‌

● Users‌‌switch‌‌from‌‌one‌‌app‌‌to‌‌another‌‌to‌‌check‌‌on‌‌a‌‌transport‌‌option.‌  ‌

● High‌‌wait‌‌time‌‌and‌‌unknown‌‌routes‌‌and‌‌schedules‌‌of‌‌public‌‌transits.‌  ‌

● Difficult‌‌to‌‌interpret‌‌existing‌‌apps.‌  ‌

● Trust‌‌issues‌‌over‌‌the‌‌price‌‌,‌‌cancellations‌‌and‌‌high‌‌wait‌‌time‌‌for‌‌cabs.‌  ‌

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My‌‌role‌  ‌

As‌‌a‌‌Designer‌  ‌
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DESIGN‌‌THINKING‌‌-‌‌A‌‌NON-LINEAR‌‌PROCESS‌  ‌
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Design‌‌journey‌  ‌
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Phase‌‌1‌‌:‌‌Discover‌‌   ‌
Empathize‌‌-‌‌Understanding‌‌your‌‌user‌  ‌
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The‌‌first‌‌stage‌‌of‌‌design‌‌thinking‌‌is‌‌the‌‌empathy‌‌stage‌‌.‌‌The‌‌purpose‌‌of‌‌this‌‌stage‌‌is‌‌to‌‌develop‌‌ 

the‌‌ability‌‌to‌‌understand‌‌and‌‌share‌‌the‌‌feelings,‌‌perspectives‌‌and‌‌experiences‌‌of‌‌another‌‌ 

person.‌‌I‌‌carried‌‌out‌‌various‌‌research‌‌to‌‌understand‌‌the‌‌problem.‌‌Initially‌‌I‌‌carried‌‌out‌‌the‌‌ 

secondary‌‌research‌‌to‌‌explore‌‌existing‌‌data‌‌that‌‌relates‌‌to‌‌my‌‌product‌‌followed‌‌by‌‌primary‌‌ 

research‌‌to‌‌understand‌‌the‌‌users.‌  ‌

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Target‌a
‌ udience‌  ‌

1. Range‌‌from‌‌younger‌‌to‌‌older‌  ‌

2. Has‌‌used‌‌public/private‌‌transportations.‌  ‌

3. Uses‌‌travel‌‌apps.‌  ‌

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Dig‌‌information‌‌on‌‌what‌‌other‌‌people‌‌have‌‌done‌  ‌

Desk‌‌research‌  ‌

As‌‌a‌‌user‌‌researcher,‌‌I‌‌carried‌‌out‌‌desk‌‌research‌‌to‌‌review‌‌previous‌‌research‌‌findings‌‌to‌‌gain‌‌a ‌‌

broad‌‌understanding‌‌of‌‌the‌‌field.Reviewing‌‌this‌‌research‌‌is‌‌the‌‌quickest‌‌and‌‌cheapest‌‌way‌‌to‌‌ 

understand‌‌the‌‌domain.‌  ‌

Sustainable‌‌intermodal‌‌transportation‌‌is‌‌a‌‌promising‌‌approach‌‌to‌‌counter‌‌increasing‌‌CO2‌‌ 

emissions‌‌and‌‌mobility‌‌restrictions‌‌in‌‌big‌‌cities.‌‌However,‌‌the‌‌broad‌‌range‌‌of‌‌travel‌‌services‌‌ 

hinders‌‌users‌‌in‌‌planning,‌‌booking,‌‌and‌‌processing‌‌trips.‌‌Such‌‌problems‌‌can‌‌be‌‌addressed‌‌by‌‌ 

offering‌‌self-services‌‌as‌‌mobile‌‌applications.‌  ‌
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As‌‌per‌‌data,‌‌people‌‌in‌‌Chennai‌‌seem‌‌to‌‌prefer‌‌public‌‌transportation‌‌the‌‌most‌‌in‌‌comparison‌‌to‌‌ 

other‌‌cities‌‌according‌‌to‌‌India’s‌‌first‌‌Ease‌‌of‌‌Moving‌‌Index,‌‌2018,‌‌which‌‌studied‌‌the‌‌use‌‌of‌‌public‌‌ 

transport‌‌by‌‌people‌‌and‌‌factors‌‌influencing‌‌mobility‌‌in‌‌these‌‌cities‌‌in‌‌2018.‌‌Chennai‌‌has‌‌ 

emerged‌‌as‌‌a‌‌city‌‌with‌‌sustainable‌‌mobility‌‌as‌‌75‌‌percent‌‌of‌‌the‌‌population‌‌prefer‌‌public‌‌ 

transport.‌‌The‌‌study‌‌states‌‌that‌‌Chennai‌‌carries‌‌1,300‌‌passengers‌‌per‌‌bus‌‌per‌‌day‌‌which‌‌is‌‌the‌‌ 

highest‌‌in‌‌the‌‌country,‌‌making‌‌buses‌‌the‌‌main‌‌mode‌‌of‌‌transport‌‌in‌‌the‌‌city.A‌‌study‌‌released‌‌by‌‌ 

the‌‌Centre‌‌for‌‌Science‌‌and‌‌Environment‌‌in‌‌August‌‌suggests‌‌that‌‌Chennaiites‌‌used‌‌the‌‌largest‌‌ 

number‌‌of‌‌two-wheelers‌‌when‌‌compared‌‌with‌‌all‌‌other‌‌metros.‌‌According‌‌to‌‌the‌‌study,‌‌Chennai‌‌ 

has‌‌the‌‌highest‌‌number‌‌of‌‌two-wheelers‌‌amongst‌‌all‌‌metro‌‌cities.‌‌Smartphone‌‌apps‌‌are‌‌ 

changing‌‌how‌‌people‌‌view‌‌mobility‌‌and‌‌travel.‌‌There‌‌are‌‌some‌‌apps‌‌which‌‌have‌‌worked‌‌in‌‌the‌‌ 

same‌‌problem‌‌space‌‌as‌‌mine.‌  ‌

● Go‌‌Bengaluru-‌‌Integrates‌‌all‌‌available‌‌transit‌‌methods‌‌of‌‌getting‌‌around‌‌the‌‌city.‌  ‌

● YoRide-‌‌App‌‌shows‌‌the‌‌availability‌‌of‌‌cabs‌‌around,along‌‌with‌‌price‌‌comparison.‌  ‌

● Moovit-Offers‌‌real‌‌time‌‌public‌‌transit‌‌information.‌  ‌

● Railyatri-‌‌Offers‌‌real‌‌time‌‌rail‌‌transit‌‌information.‌  ‌

● Chalo-‌‌Users‌‌can‌‌get‌‌details‌‌about‌‌real-time‌‌bus‌‌transit‌‌information.‌  ‌

● Transit-‌‌Provides‌‌multi-modal‌‌transit‌‌planning‌‌and‌‌public‌‌transport‌‌information‌‌   ‌

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Qualitative‌‌research‌  ‌

Survey‌  ‌
I‌‌used‌‌a‌‌survey‌‌as‌‌a‌‌tool‌‌to‌‌narrow‌‌down‌‌the‌‌target‌‌audience‌‌and‌‌discover‌‌the‌‌problem‌‌they‌‌ 

faced.‌  ‌

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Insights:‌‌   ‌

● About‌‌93.8%‌‌of‌‌participants‌‌use‌‌smartphones‌‌for‌‌communication‌‌and‌‌for‌‌using‌‌apps.‌  ‌

● 46.9%‌‌of‌‌respondents‌‌travel‌‌about‌‌2-5‌‌times‌‌a‌‌week‌‌and‌‌34.4%‌‌commute‌‌daily.‌  ‌

● 65.6%‌‌of‌‌participants‌‌prefer‌‌to‌‌take‌‌personnel‌‌vehicles,‌‌and‌‌34.4%‌‌prefer‌‌taking‌‌public‌‌ 

transits.‌  ‌

● 56.3%‌‌of‌‌participants‌‌have‌‌recorded‌‌overcrowding‌‌and‌‌high‌‌wait‌‌time‌‌and‌‌unknown‌‌ 

schedules‌‌as‌‌the‌‌pain‌‌points‌‌when‌‌opting‌‌for‌‌public‌‌transit‌‌and‌‌37.5%‌‌recorded‌‌their‌‌ 

frustration‌‌of‌‌switching‌‌from‌‌one‌‌app‌‌to‌‌another‌‌for‌‌checking‌‌on‌‌a‌‌transport.‌  ‌

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Gaining‌‌perspectives‌  ‌

User‌‌interviews‌‌   ‌
After‌‌screening‌‌the‌‌survey‌‌responses,‌‌I‌‌chose‌‌5‌‌people‌‌who‌‌showed‌‌interest‌‌and‌‌said‌‌yes‌‌for‌‌a ‌‌

1:1‌‌interview‌‌and‌‌understood‌‌their‌‌concerns,‌‌behaviour‌‌and‌‌pain‌‌points.‌‌(The‌‌interviews‌‌were‌‌ 

conducted‌‌remotely‌‌due‌‌to‌‌the‌‌pandemic)‌  ‌
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Key‌‌findings:‌  ‌
● Participants‌‌preferred‌‌travelling‌‌in‌‌a‌‌cab/bus/auto‌  ‌

● In‌‌order‌‌to‌‌explore‌‌new‌‌places‌‌in‌‌their‌‌city,‌‌they‌‌use‌‌Google‌‌maps‌‌or‌‌take‌‌help‌‌from‌‌ 

locals‌‌and‌‌friends‌‌to‌‌move‌‌around‌‌that‌‌place.‌  ‌

● For‌‌getting‌‌information‌‌on‌‌schedules‌‌and‌‌frequies‌‌of‌‌public‌‌transits‌‌they‌‌make‌‌use‌‌of‌‌ 

google‌‌maps/enquire‌‌from‌‌locals.‌  ‌

● In‌‌order‌‌to‌‌check‌‌the‌‌availability‌‌of‌‌various‌‌transit‌‌modes‌‌from‌‌their‌‌place‌‌they‌‌use‌‌ 

google‌‌maps.‌  ‌

● Participants‌‌pointed‌‌out‌‌a‌‌few‌‌pain‌‌points‌‌in‌‌the‌‌current‌‌public‌‌transit‌‌system‌‌like‌‌high‌‌ 

wait‌‌time,unknown‌‌routes‌‌and‌‌schedules.‌  ‌

● Participants‌‌showed‌‌interest‌‌in‌‌sustainable‌‌travel.‌  ‌

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A‌‌few‌‌quotes‌‌from‌‌the‌‌participants,‌  ‌
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“It‌‌is‌‌tedious‌‌to‌‌compare‌‌between‌‌apps‌‌to‌‌book‌‌a‌‌transport.”‌ 
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“I‌‌check‌‌with‌‌my‌‌friends‌‌for‌‌opinions‌‌like‌‌which‌‌commute‌‌will‌‌be‌‌better‌‌&‌‌cheaper”‌  ‌
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“Anything‌‌which‌‌helps‌‌in‌‌comparison‌‌between‌‌apps‌‌would‌‌be‌‌helpful.”‌  ‌
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“Instead‌‌of‌‌enjoying‌‌the‌‌travel,‌‌you‌‌spend‌‌most‌‌of‌‌the‌‌time‌‌thinking‌‌about‌‌whether‌‌I‌‌am‌‌boarding‌‌
 
the‌‌right‌‌bus”‌  ‌
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“Generally‌‌google‌‌maps‌‌would‌‌be‌‌my‌‌last‌‌resort.‌‌Google‌‌maps‌‌are‌‌not‌‌user‌‌friendly.‌‌Its‌‌really‌‌
 
tedious‌‌interpreting‌‌google‌‌maps‌‌information”‌  ‌
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From‌i‌nterview‌‌to‌‌insight‌  ‌
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The‌‌first‌‌task‌‌after‌‌the‌‌user‌‌interview‌‌was‌‌to‌‌decode‌‌all‌‌the‌‌important‌‌points‌‌from‌‌a‌‌user’s‌‌point‌‌ 

of‌‌view‌‌so‌‌that‌‌a‌‌persona‌‌can‌‌be‌‌made.The‌‌processes‌‌which‌‌I‌‌followed‌‌to‌‌synthesize‌‌my‌‌ 

research‌‌were‌A
‌ ffinity‌‌mapping‌‌,‌‌empathy‌‌mapping‌a
‌ nd‌‌‌personas.‌‌   ‌

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Grouping‌‌users‌‌thoughts‌‌into‌‌categories‌  ‌

Affinity‌‌Map‌  ‌

For‌‌the‌‌affinity‌‌mapping‌‌,‌‌I‌‌observed‌‌a‌‌pattern‌‌of‌‌what‌‌the‌‌users‌‌said‌‌during‌‌the‌‌interviews.‌‌I ‌‌

organized‌‌each‌‌of‌‌those‌‌observations‌‌into‌‌6‌‌categories‌‌namely‌E
‌ xisting‌‌problems‌‌w
‌ here‌‌I ‌‌

organised‌‌pain‌‌points‌‌of‌‌the‌‌users,‌P
‌ reference‌‌‌where‌‌I‌‌aggregated‌‌users‌‌preferred‌‌modes‌‌of‌‌ 

transit‌‌,‌C
‌ ost‌w
‌ here‌‌I‌‌organized‌‌thoughts‌‌of‌‌the‌‌users‌‌on‌‌saving‌‌money‌‌when‌‌choosing‌‌a‌‌transit‌‌ 

mode,‌S
‌ chedule‌‌w
‌ here‌‌I‌‌was‌‌able‌‌to‌‌aggregate‌‌the‌‌different‌‌mediums‌‌through‌‌which‌‌they‌‌get‌‌to‌‌ 
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know‌‌about‌‌schedules‌‌and‌‌frequies‌‌of‌‌public‌‌transits‌‌,‌E
‌ motions‌‌‌where‌‌i‌‌organised‌‌the‌‌emotions‌‌ 

expressed‌‌by‌‌the‌‌users‌‌during‌‌the‌‌interview‌‌when‌‌they‌‌were‌‌asked‌‌about‌‌different‌‌transit‌‌modes‌ 

and‌‌their‌‌experiences‌‌and‌‌finally‌S
‌ ustainable‌‌transport‌‌w
‌ here‌‌I‌‌organised‌‌the‌‌common‌‌thoughts‌‌ 

of‌‌the‌‌users‌‌on‌‌greener‌‌travel.‌  ‌

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Gaining‌‌a‌‌deeper‌‌insight‌  ‌

Empathy‌‌map‌  ‌
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I‌‌used‌‌an‌‌empathy‌‌map‌‌to‌‌organize‌‌insights,‌‌observations,‌‌and‌‌quotes‌‌that‌‌I‌‌collected‌‌from‌‌user‌‌ 

interviews‌‌to‌‌better‌‌understand‌‌the‌‌user’s‌‌pain‌‌points,‌‌goals,‌‌feelings,‌‌thoughts,‌‌and‌‌behaviors.‌‌   ‌

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Who‌‌am‌‌I‌‌designing‌‌this‌‌product‌‌for?‌  ‌

Persona‌  ‌
I‌‌created‌‌a‌‌persona‌‌for‌‌my‌‌users‌‌to‌‌get‌‌a‌‌deep‌‌understanding‌‌of‌‌the‌‌user‌‌I‌‌would‌‌be‌‌designing‌‌ 
the‌‌application‌‌for.‌‌It‌‌helped‌‌me‌‌keep‌‌my‌‌focus‌‌in‌‌place‌‌and‌‌avoid‌‌feature‌‌creeping,‌‌which‌‌is‌‌a ‌‌
habit‌‌to‌‌add‌‌extra‌‌features‌‌to‌‌the‌‌application‌‌that‌‌is‌‌unnecessary.‌  ‌
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Insights‌‌from‌‌research‌‌and‌‌synthesize‌  ‌
After‌‌research‌‌and‌‌synthesis,‌‌I‌‌listed‌‌out‌‌a‌‌few‌‌requirements‌‌for‌‌my‌‌users:‌  ‌
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● Needs‌‌a‌‌platform‌‌to‌‌compare‌‌all‌‌available‌‌means‌‌of‌‌transport.‌  ‌

● Needs‌‌update‌‌on‌‌schedules‌‌and‌‌frequencies‌‌of‌‌public‌‌transits.‌  ‌

● Needs‌‌information‌‌on‌‌routes.‌  ‌

● Needs‌‌information‌‌on‌‌all‌‌available‌ ‌modes‌‌from‌‌a‌‌place.‌  ‌

● Pain‌‌points‌‌include‌‌ride‌‌cancellations,availability‌‌of‌‌cabs‌‌during‌‌late/early‌‌hours,trust‌‌ 

issues‌‌over‌‌price‌‌. ‌ ‌

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Converting‌‌insight‌‌statements‌‌as‌‌HMW‌‌questions‌  ‌

The‌‌problem‌‌statement‌  ‌
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It‌‌is‌‌important‌‌to‌‌clearly‌‌articulate‌‌the‌‌problem‌‌I’m‌‌trying‌‌to‌‌solve.‌‌After‌‌collecting‌‌a‌‌decent‌‌ 

amount‌‌of‌‌research‌‌information‌‌in‌‌the‌‌discovery‌‌stage,‌‌it’s‌‌time‌‌to‌‌analyze‌‌the‌‌observations‌‌to‌‌ 

define‌‌the‌‌core‌‌problems‌‌that‌‌I‌‌have‌‌identified.‌  ‌

Here,‌‌I‌‌articulated‌‌the‌‌problem‌‌statements‌‌by‌‌framing‌‌them‌‌as‌‌“How‌‌might‌‌we…”‌‌questions.‌  ‌

Formulating‌‌problem‌‌statements‌‌helped‌‌me‌‌distil‌‌the‌‌findings‌‌from‌‌the‌‌research‌‌and‌‌curate‌‌a ‌‌

set‌‌of‌‌questions‌‌that‌‌need‌‌to‌‌be‌‌defined‌‌to‌‌add‌‌specific‌‌features‌‌to‌‌the‌‌ 

application.‌ 

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● How‌‌might‌‌we‌‌create‌‌an‌‌aggregator‌‌app?‌  ‌

● How‌‌might‌‌we‌‌improvise‌‌the‌‌public‌‌transit‌‌experience?‌  ‌

● How‌‌might‌‌we‌‌improvise‌‌the‌‌decision‌‌making‌‌experience‌‌of‌‌commuters‌‌when‌‌choosing‌‌ 

a‌‌transport‌‌mode?‌  ‌

● How‌‌might‌‌we‌‌encourage‌‌people‌‌to‌‌make‌‌more‌‌healthier‌‌and‌‌sustainable‌‌choices?‌  ‌
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“It's‌e
‌ ssential‌t‌ o‌w
‌ ait‌t‌ o‌c
‌ reate‌d
‌ esigns‌u
‌ ntil‌y
‌ ou‌t‌ horoughly‌u
‌ nderstand‌y
‌ our‌‌ 
users‌a
‌ nd‌t‌ he‌p
‌ roblems‌t‌ hey‌h
‌ ave”‌  ‌
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Phase‌‌2‌‌:‌‌Design‌  ‌
Define‌‌and‌‌Ideate‌‌-‌‌Brainstorm‌‌solutions‌‌to‌‌the‌‌problem‌‌statements‌  ‌
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Brainstorming‌‌is‌‌a‌‌diverging‌‌process‌‌and‌‌we‌‌need‌‌to‌‌think‌‌of‌‌solutions‌‌beyond‌‌our‌‌creative‌‌ 

thinking.I‌‌then‌‌mapped‌‌out‌‌solutions‌‌that‌‌connect‌‌with‌‌the‌‌problem‌‌statements.‌ 

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1. How‌‌might‌‌we‌‌create‌‌an‌‌aggregator‌‌app?‌  ‌

● Give‌‌options‌‌of‌‌pubic‌‌transit‌‌modes‌‌(‌‌Bus,‌‌Train‌‌,‌‌Metro‌‌,‌‌Auto‌‌) ‌ ‌

● Give‌‌options‌‌of‌‌private‌‌transits‌‌modes‌‌(‌‌Cab‌‌&‌‌Electric‌‌) ‌ ‌

● Self‌‌drive‌‌options‌‌(‌‌Give‌‌options‌‌to‌‌rent‌‌a‌‌vehicle‌‌and‌‌drive‌‌on‌‌own‌‌) ‌ ‌

2. How‌‌might‌‌we‌‌improvise‌‌the‌‌public‌‌transit‌‌experience?‌  ‌

● Give‌‌schedules‌‌and‌‌routes‌‌for‌‌public‌‌transit.‌  ‌

● Give‌‌a‌‌delay‌‌time‌‌update.‌  ‌

● Give‌‌arrival‌‌and‌‌departure‌‌time‌  ‌

● Give‌‌crowd‌‌alert‌  ‌

3. How‌‌might‌‌we‌‌improvise‌‌the‌‌decision‌‌making‌‌experience‌‌of‌‌commuters‌‌when‌‌choosing‌‌ 
a‌‌transport‌‌mode?‌  ‌
● Give‌‌preferences‌‌(‌‌Choose‌‌from‌‌cheapest‌‌,‌‌fastest‌‌and‌‌greenest‌‌routes‌‌) ‌ ‌

● Give‌‌information‌‌on‌‌frequently‌‌used‌‌payment‌‌methods‌‌when‌‌choosing‌‌a‌‌cab.‌  ‌

● Give‌‌the‌‌cancellation‌‌rates‌‌and‌‌reviews‌‌of‌‌cab‌‌booking‌‌apps.‌  ‌

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4. How‌‌might‌‌we‌‌encourage‌‌people‌‌to‌‌make‌‌more‌‌healthier‌‌and‌‌sustainable‌‌choices?‌  ‌

● Create‌‌motivation‌‌and‌‌awareness‌‌by‌‌showing‌‌money‌‌saved‌‌,‌‌calories‌‌burnt‌‌,‌‌carbon‌‌ 

footprint‌‌emitted‌‌and‌‌giving‌‌offers.‌  ‌

● Focus‌‌on‌‌green‌‌driving‌‌by‌‌giving‌‌service‌‌reminders‌‌for‌‌user’s‌‌vehicles‌‌and‌‌overview‌‌of‌‌ 

vehicles‌‌with‌‌carbon‌‌footprint‌‌and‌‌efficiency.‌  ‌

● Show‌‌list‌‌of‌‌greener‌‌options‌‌available‌  ‌

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Prioritizing‌‌user‌‌goals‌  ‌

User‌‌stories‌ ‌(Minimum‌‌Viable‌‌Product)‌‌   ‌
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Creating‌‌user‌‌stories‌‌is‌‌a‌‌method‌‌to‌‌gather‌‌information‌‌on‌‌what‌‌the‌‌user‌‌would‌‌want‌‌to‌‌ 

accomplish‌‌using‌‌the‌‌application.‌‌It‌‌is‌‌usually‌‌a‌‌one-sentence‌‌statement‌‌that‌‌specifies‌‌what‌‌ 

goals‌‌the‌‌user‌‌is‌‌looking‌‌for.‌‌It‌‌helps‌‌to‌‌prioritize‌‌and‌‌direct‌‌design‌‌decisions.‌‌Assembling‌‌and‌‌ 

curating‌‌various‌‌user‌‌goals,‌‌helped‌‌me‌‌create‌‌my‌‌user‌‌story.‌‌Features‌‌which‌‌are‌‌perceived‌‌to‌‌be‌‌ 

used‌‌often‌‌by‌‌users‌‌were‌‌selected‌‌to‌‌be‌‌in‌‌MVP.‌  ‌
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Creating‌‌outline‌‌of‌‌the‌‌app‌  ‌

Sitemap‌   ‌ ‌

A‌‌site‌‌map‌‌gives‌‌access‌‌to‌‌information‌‌on‌‌how‌‌the‌‌content‌‌on‌‌the‌‌pages‌‌are‌‌linked‌‌and‌‌how‌‌ 

they‌‌are‌‌organized.‌   ‌

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The‌‌path‌‌taken‌‌to‌‌accomplish‌‌the‌‌task‌  ‌

User‌‌flows‌‌   ‌

User‌‌flow‌‌gives‌‌us‌‌more‌‌direction‌‌to‌‌add‌‌and‌‌eliminate‌‌from‌‌our‌‌list‌‌of‌‌features‌‌that‌‌our‌‌ 

application‌‌comprises.‌‌I‌‌have‌‌mapped‌‌out‌‌a‌‌flow‌‌and‌‌labelled‌‌the‌‌categories.‌‌It‌‌also‌‌informs‌‌us‌‌ 

of‌‌what‌‌happens‌‌if‌‌a‌‌specific‌‌option‌‌is‌‌selected.‌  ‌

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Making‌‌ideas‌‌tangible‌  ‌

Sketching‌   ‌ ‌

Creating‌‌low‌‌fidelity‌‌design‌‌sketches‌‌is‌‌the‌‌first‌‌step‌‌in‌‌the‌‌march‌‌towards‌‌high‌‌fidelity‌‌designs.‌‌ 

Sketching‌‌was‌‌an‌‌easy,‌‌affordable‌‌way‌‌to‌‌get‌‌ideas‌‌out‌‌of‌‌my‌‌head‌‌and‌‌onto‌‌paper.‌‌As‌‌paper‌‌ 

prototypes‌‌are‌‌temporary,‌‌it‌‌gave‌‌me‌‌more‌‌space‌‌and‌‌the‌‌advantage‌‌to‌‌make‌‌changes‌‌before‌‌ 

starting‌‌to‌‌design‌‌digitally.‌  ‌

“‌T
‌ est‌e
‌ arly‌a
‌ nd‌t‌ est‌o
‌ ften‌“‌ ‌  ‌

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Capturing‌‌quick‌‌user‌‌feedback‌  ‌

Guerilla‌‌usability‌‌test‌‌   ‌

I‌‌validated‌‌the‌‌paper‌‌prototypes‌‌using‌‌guerilla‌‌testing‌‌and‌‌I‌‌managed‌‌to‌‌receive‌‌a‌‌good‌‌amount‌‌ 

of‌‌feedback.It's‌‌cost-effective‌‌and‌‌saves‌‌time.Guerrilla‌‌testing‌‌is‌‌all‌‌about‌‌asking‌‌random‌‌people‌‌ 

to‌‌take‌‌a‌‌look‌‌at‌‌the‌‌designs‌‌and‌‌give‌‌them‌‌a‌‌couple‌‌of‌‌tasks‌‌to‌‌do.‌  ‌

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Highlights:‌  ‌

Testing‌‌goals‌‌: ‌ ‌

● Learn‌‌if‌‌participants‌‌are‌‌able‌‌to‌‌easily‌‌look‌‌for‌‌available‌‌transit‌‌modes‌‌and‌‌compare‌‌ 

between‌‌them.‌  ‌

● Does‌‌the‌‌user‌‌understand‌‌the‌‌functionality‌‌of‌‌all‌‌features‌‌and‌‌buttons‌‌of‌‌the‌‌app?‌  ‌

● Learn‌‌if‌‌the‌‌navigation‌‌of‌‌the‌‌app‌‌was‌‌easy‌‌and‌‌intuitive‌‌for‌‌the‌‌participants.‌  ‌

Hypotheses‌‌:‌‌Navigation‌‌and‌‌functionality.‌  ‌

Users‌‌feedback‌  ‌

● The‌‌need‌‌for‌‌Multiple‌‌layers‌‌of‌‌security?‌‌(3/5)‌  ‌

“‌‌I‌‌feel‌‌like‌‌the‌‌registration‌‌with‌‌email‌‌and‌‌login‌‌process‌‌with‌‌mobile‌‌is‌‌lengthy”‌  ‌

“‌‌I‌‌just‌‌need‌‌secured‌‌authentication‌‌with‌‌OTP‌‌when‌‌registering/logging‌‌in‌‌with‌‌number”‌  ‌

● Self‌‌drive‌‌-‌‌Evidence‌‌of‌‌a‌‌booked‌‌vehicle?(1/5)‌  ‌

● The‌‌users‌‌understood‌‌the‌‌primary‌‌purpose‌‌of‌‌the‌‌app‌‌and‌‌the‌‌navigation‌‌and‌‌ 

functionality‌‌stood‌‌clear‌‌for‌‌them‌‌and‌‌this‌‌method‌‌was‌‌helpful‌‌to‌‌drive‌‌my‌‌designs‌‌in‌‌the‌‌ 

right‌‌direction.‌  ‌

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Identifying‌‌usability‌‌problems‌  ‌

Heuristic‌‌Analysis‌‌   ‌

Usability‌‌heuristics‌‌offer‌‌you‌‌a‌‌way‌‌to‌‌evaluate‌‌the‌‌quality‌‌of‌‌your‌‌designs‌‌and‌‌the‌‌designs‌‌of‌‌ 

your‌‌competitors.‌‌It‌‌was‌‌important‌‌for‌‌me‌‌to‌‌analyze‌‌my‌‌competitor’s‌‌design‌‌and‌‌understand‌‌ 

where‌‌their‌‌strengths‌‌and‌‌weaknesses‌‌lie.‌‌I‌‌chose‌‌my‌‌competitors‌‌to‌‌be‌‌Uber‌‌,‌‌Moovit,Transit‌‌ 

and‌‌Google‌‌maps.‌‌   ‌

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The‌‌blueprint‌‌   ‌
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Wireframing‌   ‌ ‌

I‌‌was‌‌excited‌‌to‌‌have‌‌reached‌‌this‌‌part‌‌of‌‌the‌‌process.‌‌Now,‌‌it‌‌was‌‌time‌‌to‌‌digitize‌‌the‌‌paper‌‌ 

prototypes.I‌‌used‌‌Figma‌‌to‌‌create‌‌the‌‌wireframes.Before‌‌you‌‌start,‌‌it's‌‌imperative‌‌to‌‌check‌‌on‌‌ 

dimensions‌‌of‌‌the‌‌frame.‌‌It’s‌‌important‌‌to‌‌pay‌‌attention‌‌to‌‌details‌‌in‌‌wireframing‌‌to‌‌make‌‌your‌‌ 

high‌‌fidelity‌‌process‌‌a‌‌breeze.‌‌   ‌

After‌‌creating‌‌the‌‌wireframes‌‌it‌‌was‌‌necessary‌‌to‌‌create‌‌a‌‌wireflow‌‌to‌‌represent‌‌multiple‌‌states‌‌ 

of‌‌the‌‌same‌‌screen.‌  ‌

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Design‌‌System‌  ‌
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Brand‌‌Personality‌‌-‌R
‌ aastha‌‌is‌‌all‌‌about‌‌making‌‌local‌‌transits‌‌usable‌‌and‌‌making‌‌commute‌‌ 

simple‌‌and‌‌seamless.Raastha‌‌has‌‌a‌‌purpose‌‌that‌‌goes‌‌beyond‌‌trip‌‌planning‌‌and‌‌makes‌‌a‌‌real‌‌ 

difference‌‌in‌‌people’s‌‌lives‌‌and‌‌environment.‌  ‌

Brand‌‌Attributes‌‌-‌E
‌ fficient,‌‌Effortless,‌‌Familiar‌‌&‌‌Trustworthy‌  ‌

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Representing‌‌the‌‌visual‌‌aesthetics‌‌of‌‌app‌‌with‌‌imagery‌  ‌

Moodboard‌‌   ‌

When‌‌you‌‌start‌‌designing‌‌your‌‌high-fidelity,‌‌creating‌‌mood‌‌boards‌‌is‌‌key.‌‌Its‌‌inspiration‌‌comes‌‌ 

from‌‌different‌‌sources.‌‌I‌‌started‌‌saving‌‌images,‌‌design‌‌patterns,‌‌and‌‌color‌‌schemes‌‌whenever‌‌I ‌‌

saw‌‌something‌‌interesting‌‌related‌‌to‌‌my‌‌theme‌‌of‌‌the‌‌project.‌  ‌

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Creating‌‌a‌‌visual‌‌foundation‌  ‌

Style‌‌guide‌  ‌

A‌‌style‌‌guide‌‌ensures‌‌that‌‌designs‌‌are‌‌consistent‌‌and‌‌uniform‌‌across‌‌platforms,‌‌including‌‌ 

websites‌‌and‌‌mobile‌‌apps.‌  ‌

Blue:‌‌Trust,‌‌stability,‌‌cool‌‌and‌‌relaxing.‌  ‌
Orange:‌‌Confidence,‌‌friendly‌  ‌
Grey:‌‌Neutrality‌‌and‌‌balance.‌‌Helps‌‌in‌‌maintaining‌‌a‌‌cleaner‌‌look.‌  ‌
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Graphical‌‌representation‌‌of‌‌the‌‌company’s‌‌brand‌‌identity.‌  ‌

Logo‌  ‌

Logos‌‌are‌‌the‌‌primary‌‌point‌‌of‌‌recognition‌‌users‌‌recall‌‌when‌‌thinking‌‌about‌‌a‌‌company.‌  ‌

● Raastha‌‌-‌‌Way‌‌,‌‌I‌‌chose‌‌this‌‌name‌‌because‌‌I‌‌wanted‌‌it‌‌to‌‌convey‌‌the‌‌concept‌‌of‌‌guiding‌‌a ‌‌

way‌‌to‌‌commuters.‌ 

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Logo‌‌depicts‌‌a‌‌clock‌‌to‌‌convey‌‌the‌‌schedule‌‌of‌‌transit,‌‌a‌‌location‌‌indicator‌‌and‌‌compass‌‌to‌‌ 

convey‌‌that‌‌the‌‌app‌‌shows‌‌the‌‌right‌‌direction‌‌to‌‌the‌‌users.‌  ‌

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“People‌p
‌ erceive‌i‌mages‌f‌ aster‌t‌ han‌w
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Forge‌‌an‌‌emotional‌‌connection‌‌with‌‌the‌‌user‌ 

Imagery‌  ‌ ‌

Imagery‌‌is‌‌an‌‌essential‌‌part‌‌of‌‌setting‌‌the‌‌tone‌‌of‌‌a‌‌product‌‌as‌‌well‌‌as‌‌reinforcing‌‌brand‌‌ 

personality‌‌and‌‌emotional‌‌connections‌‌with‌‌users.‌‌I‌‌chose‌‌illustrations,‌‌because‌‌I‌‌felt‌‌they‌‌are‌‌ 

more‌‌versatile‌‌and‌‌conveys‌‌distinctiveness‌‌and‌‌individuality‌‌to‌‌your‌‌designs,‌‌encouraging‌‌a ‌‌

greater‌‌level‌‌of‌‌emotional‌‌engagement‌‌in‌‌your‌‌users.‌  ‌

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Creating‌‌an‌‌inclusive‌‌design‌  ‌

Visual‌‌accessibility‌‌audit‌  ‌

The‌‌accessibility‌‌audit‌‌is‌‌an‌‌important‌‌step‌‌to‌‌evaluate‌‌if‌‌your‌‌design‌‌is‌‌legible‌‌and‌‌also‌‌if‌‌your‌‌ 

colour‌‌contrast‌‌is‌‌in‌‌the‌‌right‌‌ratio.‌‌I‌‌used‌‌the‌W
‌ ebAIM‌‌contrast‌‌checker‌‌‌to‌‌review‌‌my‌‌designs.‌‌ 

considered‌‌the‌‌following‌‌aspects‌‌of‌‌accessibility:‌  ‌

● Compliance‌‌to‌‌WCAG‌‌AA‌‌standard‌‌for‌‌contrast‌‌ratio‌  ‌

● Use‌‌of‌‌typography‌‌and‌‌weights‌‌to‌‌improve‌‌legibility‌  ‌

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Bringing‌‌wireframes‌‌to‌‌life‌  ‌

Hi-fidelity‌‌screens‌  ‌
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Hi-fi‌‌designs‌‌are‌‌mostly‌‌adding‌‌colours‌‌and‌‌look‌‌at‌‌an‌‌aesthetic‌‌level.‌‌It‌‌is‌‌the‌‌most‌‌crucial‌‌part‌‌ 

after‌‌you‌‌have‌‌checked‌‌the‌‌functionality‌‌of‌‌your‌‌application.‌‌It‌‌is‌‌a‌‌fun‌‌process‌‌but‌‌you‌‌need‌‌to‌‌ 

be‌‌extra‌‌cautious‌‌about‌‌not‌‌causing‌‌cognitive‌‌load‌‌to‌‌your‌‌users.‌‌Your‌‌first‌‌design‌‌will‌‌mostly‌‌ 

never‌‌be‌‌your‌‌finalized‌‌one,‌‌there‌‌would‌‌be‌‌rounds‌‌of‌‌iterations‌‌thereafter.‌‌   ‌

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Landing‌‌screen‌‌‌gives‌‌users‌‌the‌‌options‌‌to‌‌register‌‌or‌‌login.‌‌In‌‌reference‌‌to‌‌Nielsens‌‌principle‌‌of‌‌ 
User‌‌control‌‌&‌‌freedom,‌‌guest‌‌login‌‌has‌‌been‌‌added.‌  ‌
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Homepage‌‌‌gives‌‌users‌‌a‌‌wide‌‌variety‌‌of‌‌options‌‌to‌‌
 

choose‌‌from.‌  ‌

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Plan‌‌journey‌‌‌gives‌‌users‌‌a‌‌list‌‌of‌‌available‌‌
 

transit‌‌modes‌‌with‌‌carbon‌‌footprint‌‌
 

emission‌‌and‌‌calories‌‌burnt.‌‌Transits‌‌can‌‌
 

be‌‌filtered‌‌based‌‌on‌‌cheapest,fastest‌‌and‌‌
 

greenest‌‌mode.‌  ‌

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Plan‌‌my‌‌travel‌‌g
‌ ives‌‌users‌‌options‌‌of‌‌route‌‌and‌‌
 

timetable‌‌for‌‌public‌‌transits.‌  ‌

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Route‌  ‌shows‌  ‌the‌  ‌various‌  ‌routes‌  ‌of‌  ‌a ‌ ‌transit‌‌
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for‌‌the‌‌users‌‌from‌‌their‌‌source‌‌to‌‌the‌‌destination.‌  ‌

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Schedule‌‌information‌g
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timechart‌‌of‌‌the‌‌selected‌‌transit‌‌along‌‌with‌‌crowd‌‌details‌‌
 

and‌‌real‌‌time‌‌data‌‌on‌‌the‌‌status‌‌of‌‌the‌‌transit.‌  ‌

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Directions‌‌g
‌ ive‌‌detailed‌‌textual‌‌navigation.‌‌Go‌‌
 

button‌‌redirects‌‌to‌‌google‌‌maps‌‌for‌‌live‌‌navigation‌  ‌

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Self‌‌drive‌s‌ hows‌‌the‌‌list‌‌of‌‌available‌‌vehicles‌‌for‌‌rent‌‌in‌‌the‌‌
 

vicinity‌‌of‌‌the‌‌user's‌‌location.‌‌
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Specifications‌‌‌give‌‌information‌‌on‌‌the‌‌selected‌‌
 

vehicle‌‌with‌‌description,‌‌rates,availability,‌‌reviews‌ 

and‌‌contact‌‌details‌‌of‌‌the‌‌owner.‌  ‌

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Cab‌g
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it‌‌gets‌‌redirected‌‌to‌‌corresponding‌‌apps.‌  ‌

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Walking/Cycling‌‌‌option‌‌gives‌‌the‌‌fastest‌‌route‌‌and‌‌
 

the‌‌one‌‌that‌‌goes‌‌via‌‌the‌‌main‌‌road.‌  ‌

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Test‌‌with‌‌potential‌‌users‌  ‌
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Usability‌‌testing‌  ‌
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Testing‌‌is‌‌crucial‌‌to‌‌your‌‌application.‌‌It‌‌opens‌‌many‌‌windows‌‌and‌‌allows‌‌you‌‌to‌‌refine‌‌and‌‌ 

redesign‌‌your‌‌application.‌‌Design‌‌thinking‌‌is‌‌an‌‌iterative‌‌process.‌‌There‌‌is‌‌plenty‌‌of‌‌back‌‌and‌‌ 

forth‌‌movement‌‌along‌‌your‌‌design‌‌process.‌  ‌

I‌‌conducted‌‌usability‌‌testing‌‌on‌‌5‌‌participants.‌‌Remote‌‌Moderated‌‌(assisted)‌‌&‌‌in-person‌‌testing‌‌ 

methods‌‌were‌‌carried‌‌out.‌‌This‌‌was‌‌a‌‌golden‌‌window‌‌through‌‌which‌‌I‌‌could‌‌see‌‌the‌‌parts‌‌where‌‌ 

I‌‌had‌‌overlooked‌‌in‌‌my‌‌design.‌‌I‌‌would‌‌say‌‌this‌‌step‌‌is‌‌where‌‌I‌‌received‌‌insights‌‌into‌‌how‌‌I‌‌could‌‌ 

improve‌‌my‌‌designs.‌‌The‌‌goal‌‌was‌‌to‌‌observe‌‌the‌‌participant‌‌use‌‌the‌‌prototype‌‌and‌‌identify‌‌ 

blockers‌‌or‌‌the‌‌usability‌‌issues.‌‌   ‌

Highlights‌‌from‌‌first‌‌round‌‌of‌‌testing:‌  ‌

● Majority‌‌of‌‌users‌‌misunderstood‌‌the‌‌arrival‌‌time‌‌of‌‌transits‌‌to‌‌be‌‌travel‌‌time.‌  ‌

● Majority‌‌of‌‌the‌‌users‌‌were‌‌not‌‌able‌‌to‌‌identify‌‌what‌‌the‌‌indicator‌‌in‌‌schedule‌‌ 

information‌‌was.‌  ‌

● All‌‌the‌‌users‌‌found‌‌the‌‌app‌‌to‌‌be‌‌helpful.‌  ‌

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Highlights‌‌from‌‌second‌‌round‌‌of‌‌testing:‌  ‌

● Majority‌‌of‌‌the‌‌users‌‌performed‌‌the‌‌tasks‌‌quickly‌‌without‌‌any‌‌confusion‌‌   ‌

● App‌‌was‌‌helpful‌‌and‌‌usable.‌  ‌

● Users‌‌had‌‌no‌‌difficulty‌‌in‌‌understanding‌‌the‌‌navigation‌‌of‌‌the‌‌app.‌‌   ‌

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Cherry‌‌on‌‌the‌‌cake!‌  ‌
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Final‌‌prototype‌  ‌
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After‌‌two‌‌rounds‌‌of‌‌usability‌‌testing‌‌,‌‌this‌‌was‌‌my‌‌final‌‌prototype.‌  ‌

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Conclusion‌ 

Overall,‌‌it‌‌was‌‌one‌‌of‌‌the‌‌best‌‌decisions‌‌I‌‌have‌‌made‌‌to‌‌have‌‌taken‌‌up‌‌this‌‌project.‌‌It‌‌allowed‌‌me‌‌ 

to‌‌interact‌‌with‌‌people‌‌on‌‌a‌‌deeper‌‌level.‌‌The‌‌experience‌‌had‌‌instilled‌‌into‌‌me‌‌how‌‌valuable‌‌ 

information‌‌is‌‌and‌‌how‌‌a‌‌tiny‌‌piece‌‌of‌‌information‌‌can‌‌spark‌‌great‌‌ideas.‌‌The‌‌project‌‌acted‌‌as‌‌a ‌‌

base‌‌to‌‌showcase‌‌my‌‌UI/UX‌‌skills.‌  ‌