Constitutional Amendments

Salient constitution clues

 Article 25 – Equality for all
a) All citizens are equal before law and are entitled to equal protection law.
b) There shall be no discrimination on basis of sex
c) Nothing in this article shall prevent the state from making any special provision for the
protection of women and children.
 Article 25A- Access to Education
a) After 18th amendment, under Article 25(A) provides free and compulsory secondary
education as fundamental right for Pakistanis and responsibility of the state.
 Article 8- no rule against basic human rights
a) Everyone has the right to an effective remedy by the competent national tribunals for acts violating
the fundamental rights granted him by the constitution or by law.
 Article 9- Right to life and liberty
a) Article 8 protects your right to respect for your private life, your family life, your home and your
correspondence (letters, telephone calls and emails, for example).

 Article 15- freedom of movement

a) Every citizen shall have the right to remain in, and, subject to any reasonable restriction imposed
by law in the public interest, enter and move freely throughout Pakistan and to reside and settle
in any part thereof.
 Article 16- right to Assembly
a) Every citizen shall have the right to assemble peacefully and without arms, subject to any
reasonable restrictions imposed by law in the interest of public order.
 Article 20- freedom of religion
a) Every citizen shall have the right to assemble peacefully and without arms,
b) Subject to any reasonable restrictions imposed by law in the interest of public order.
 Article 2- Islam as a state religion
 Article 4- All action as per law
 Article 6- high treason
 Article 10A- right to fair trial
 Article 36- right of minorities
 Article 257- Kashmir
 Article 40- Good relations with Muslims states
 Article 2A- objectives resolution

8th amendment (1985) Zia ul haq

 Presidential powers through 58 2(b)
 Article 62/63 for honest character
 RCO (revival of constitution order)
 President to appoint COAS, CJ and PM’s advisors
th
13 amendment (1997) mian nawaz
 Power back to PM
 Article 58(2)(B)removed
th
17 amendment (2003) parvaiz mashraf
 58(2)(B)restored but 58 2c added for judicial oversight
  NAB ordinance
 Intra party elections
18th amendment (2010) asif ali zardari
 NSC made
 58 2(b) removed
 7th NFC award
 CCI made
 Judicial commission ----parliamentary committee----PM----president
th
19 amendment (2010)
 When parliamentary committee rejects judicial commission’s need to give a reason.
th
20 amendment (2012) Mian Nawaz Sharif
 When caretaker government formed, opposition leader and the PM decided together
21th amendment (2015) Mian Nawaz Sharif
 Military courts created under the constitution.
 Sunset clause for two years
 Apex committees in provinces as well
23th amendment (2017) Mian Nawaz Sharif
 Military courts reconstituted under the constitution
 Sunset clause extended for two years.
24th amendment (2017)
 To allow elections to be held on provisional results of census.
31th amendment (2018)
 To merge FATA with KPK
 FATA seats to be included in KP Assembly and FATA senate seats to be removed over time.