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ANOVA MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for ANOVA - Download Free PDF

Question 1: Download PDF ››

Given below is a summary of ANOVA for four groups of students tested in a research project:

Source of SS (Sum of df (Degree MS (Mean sum

variance squares) of freedom) of squares)
Between
76 3 23.33
groups
Within
122 16 7.62
groups

What will be the value of 'F' for the above data?

Options:

1. 76 / 122

2. 3 / 16
 3. 23.33 / 7.62
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4. 7.62 / 23.33

Correct Answer: Option 3 (Solution Below)

Solution:

ANOVA (Analysis of variance) 

It is a statistical technique that is used to check whether the difference of means of two or more groups is significant. 
It helps to find out if whether the null hypothesis rejected or accepted.  
ANOVA checks the impact of one or more factors by comparing the means of different samples.
ANOVA uses the F-test to determine whether the variability between group means is larger than the variability of the observations
within the groups. If that ratio is sufficiently large, you can conclude that not all the means are equal.
For example - Different teaching methods: Demonstration, lecture, and experiment methods are used to teach a particular topic. ANOVA
is used to check which method is better than the others.
The F-ratio is defined as the ratio of the between-group variance (MSB) to the within-group variance (MSW).

​Steps to Calculate the F-ratio:

Step 1: Calculate all the means for all the groups. Then calculate overall means with all the data combined as one single group.
Step 2: Form the null and alternate hypothesis 
The null hypothesis assumes that there is no variance in different groups. In other words, the means are the same
The alternate hypothesis states the means are different.
Step 3: Calculate the Sum of Squares Total: 
n

The SStotal is the external Sum of Squares(SS) of the mean of the entire set in all the groups. SS total ¯ ¯ 2
= ∑ (X j − X)

j=1

Calculate the Sum of Squares within the group: This is the internal sum of squares within each group. 
k n

¯ 2
SS within = ∑ ∑ (X − X j )

j=1 j=1
 Calculate the Sum of Squares between the group: This is the sum of squares with the groups taken as single units. 
k

¯ ¯ 2
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SS between = ∑ (X j − X)

j=1

Step 4: Calculate the Degrees of Freedom (df)

Calculate the Degrees of Freedom Total (dft): df total = n − 1
Calculate the Degrees of Freedom within groups (dfw): df within = k − 1
Calculate the Degrees of Freedom between groups  (dfb): df between = n − k
Step 5: Calculate the Mean Squares
SS
Calculate the Mean Squares between groups (MSB): M S between = df between

between

Calculate the Mean Squares within groups (MSW): M S within =

SS within

df within

Step 6:  Calculate the F statistic Value:  

between group variance M SB 23.33
F = = =
within group variance M SW 7.62

Ans: Option 3
Question 2: Download PDF ››
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An investigator used ANOVA to compare four groups of students on numerical ability on the basis of a test. After analysis of raw
scores, the following results were obtained:

Source of Sum of
df
variation Squares
Between
3 625.00
Groups
Within Groups 36 2128.00

The value of F-ratio would be approximate:

Options:

1. 3.40

2. 3.52

3. 3.88

4. 3.97

Correct Answer: Option 2 (Solution Below)

Solution:

ANOVA is a test used to detect differences between continuous variables when there are more than two groups, so it would be ideal to
use an ANOVA to compare four groups of students on numerical ability on the basis of a test. As part of performing an ANOVA on this data, we
need to calculate an F-ratio.
The F-ratio is defined as the ratio of the between-group variance (MSB) to the within-group variance (MSW).
between group variance Start Learning
⇒F =  within group variance
 =  M
M SB
SW

The calculated F-ratio can be compared to a table of critical F-ratios to determine if there are actually any differences between groups or not.

MSB = Sum of Squares (between)/ degree of freedom(dfbetween) 

MSB = 625/3 = 208.333

MSW = Sum of Squares (within)/ degree of freedom(dfwithin) 

MSW = 2128/36 = 59.111

between group variance
F =  within group variance
 =  M
M SB
SW

F = 208.333/59.111 = 3.52

Question 3:

Given below is a summary of ANOVA for four groups of students tested in a research project:

Source of SS (Sum of df (Degree MS (Mean sum

variance squares) of freedom) of squares)
Between
76 3 23.33
groups
Within
122 16 7.62
groups

 
What will be the value of 'F' for the above data?
Start Learning
Options:

1. 76 / 122

2. 3 / 16

3. 23.33 / 7.62

4. 7.62 / 23.33

Correct Answer: Option 3 (Solution Below)

Solution:

ANOVA (Analysis of variance) 

It is a statistical technique that is used to check whether the difference of means of two or more groups is significant. 
It helps to find out if whether the null hypothesis rejected or accepted.  
ANOVA checks the impact of one or more factors by comparing the means of different samples.
ANOVA uses the F-test to determine whether the variability between group means is larger than the variability of the observations
within the groups. If that ratio is sufficiently large, you can conclude that not all the means are equal.
For example - Different teaching methods: Demonstration, lecture, and experiment methods are used to teach a particular topic. ANOVA
is used to check which method is better than the others.
The F-ratio is defined as the ratio of the between-group variance (MSB) to the within-group variance (MSW).

​Steps to Calculate the F-ratio:

Step 1: Calculate all the means for all the groups. Then calculate overall means with all the data combined as one single group.
Step 2: Form the null and alternate hypothesis 
The null hypothesis assumes that there is no variance in different groups. In other words, the means are the same
The alternate hypothesis states the means are different.
Step 3: Calculate the Sum of Squares Total: 
 n

The SStotal is the external Sum of Squares(SS) of the mean of the entire set in all the groups. SS total = ∑ (X̄ j − X̄)
2

j=1
Start Learning
Calculate the Sum of Squares within the group: This is the internal sum of squares within each group. 
k n
2
SS within = ∑ ∑ (X − X̄ j )

j=1 j=1

Calculate the Sum of Squares between the group: This is the sum of squares with the groups taken as single units. 
k

¯ ¯ 2
SS between = ∑ (X j − X)

j=1

Step 4: Calculate the Degrees of Freedom (df)

Calculate the Degrees of Freedom Total (dft): df total = n − 1
Calculate the Degrees of Freedom within groups (dfw): df within = k − 1
Calculate the Degrees of Freedom between groups  (dfb): df between = n − k
Step 5: Calculate the Mean Squares
Calculate the Mean Squares between groups (MSB): M S between = SS df
between

between

SS within
Calculate the Mean Squares within groups (MSW): M S within =
df within

Step 6:  Calculate the F statistic Value:  

between group variance M SB 23.33
F = = =
within group variance M SW 7.62

Ans: Option 3
 Start Learning

Question 4:

An investigator used ANOVA to compare four groups of students on numerical ability on the basis of a test. After analysis of raw
scores, the following results were obtained:

Source of Sum of
df
variation Squares
Between
3 625.00
Groups
Within Groups 36 2128.00

The value of F-ratio would be approximate:

Options:
 1. 3.40
Start Learning
2. 3.52

3. 3.88

4. 3.97

Correct Answer: Option 2 (Solution Below)

Solution:

ANOVA is a test used to detect differences between continuous variables when there are more than two groups, so it would be ideal to
use an ANOVA to compare four groups of students on numerical ability on the basis of a test. As part of performing an ANOVA on this data, we
need to calculate an F-ratio.

The F-ratio is defined as the ratio of the between-group variance (MSB) to the within-group variance (MSW).
between group variance
⇒F =  within group variance
 =  M
M SB
SW

The calculated F-ratio can be compared to a table of critical F-ratios to determine if there are actually any differences between groups or not.

MSB = Sum of Squares (between)/ degree of freedom(dfbetween) 

MSB = 625/3 = 208.333

MSW = Sum of Squares (within)/ degree of freedom(dfwithin) 

MSW = 2128/36 = 59.111

between group variance
F =  within group variance
 =  M
M SB

SW

F = 208.333/59.111 = 3.52
 Start Learning

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