Study like there’s no tomorrow

because if you keep putting off

your studies for tomorrow,
you’ll probably be too late.
!=*= gub w/f}6L /fvL dfna:t' lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ug{ kfpg] Joa:yf
 cfly{s P]g, @)&& sf] eG;f/ ;DaGwL cg';"rLsf] bkmf !!
 j08]8 j]o/ xfp;sf] ;'ljwf glnPsf lgsf;Ld"ns pBf]ux?n]
tf]lsPsf dfna:t' k}7f/L ubf{ nfUg] eG;f/ dx;'n gub
w/f}6Ldf /fvL ;fdfg k}7f/L ug{ kfpg] ;'ljwf
 pBf]usf nflu cfjZos sRrf kbfy{, ;xfos sRrf kbfy{ /
Koflsª Dof6]l/on -g]kfndf pTkfbg gx'g] dfq_
 lgsf;L cjlw, eG;f/ dx;'n dfq gub w/f}6Ldf / kf;a's
afx]s cGo cfwf/e"t Joa:yf j08]8 j]o/ xfp;sf] ;'ljwf h:t}
 lgsf;L ug'{kg]{ jf :j]bzdf g} kl/jTo{ ljb]zL d'b|fdf a]Rg'kg]{
cjlw !@ dlxgf
 dgfl;j sf/0f ePdf sfof{no k|d'vn] a9Ldf ^ dlxgf cjlw
yk ug{ ;Sg]
 k}7f/L k|s[of k'/f ePkl5 k}7f/L ;DaGwL ljj/0f k}7f/Lstf{nfO{
lbOg] kf;a'sdf :ki6;+u pNn]v u/L k|dfl0ft ug]{
 kf;a's @ j6f x'g] Ps sfof{nodf /xg] ! pBf]u;+u /xg]
 gub w/f}6L lkmtf{ ePdf ;f] ljj/0f ;d]t kf;a'sdf hgfpg]

 Koflsª Dof6]l/onsf] xsdf pBf]u ljefun] g]kfndf pTkfbg

gx'g] egL l;kmfl/z u/]df dfq ;'ljwf kfpg]

cfly{s P]g, @)&&, eG;f/ P]g, @)^$, eG;f/ lgodfjnL,

@)^$ n] gub w/f}6L ;DaGwdf s]xL ca:yf / dfkb08 tf]s]sf]
5.
 s'g} JolQm, ;+:yf jf pBf]un] kl5 lkmtf{ ug]{ u/L c:yfoL ?kdf
u/]sf] k}7f/Ldf

 ljb]zL ofq'n] tf]lsPsf] kl/df0f -%) u|fd_ eGbf a9L ;'gsf

uxgf kl5 lkmtf{ n}hfg] u/L eG;f/ ljGb"df 3f]if0ff u/]/ Nofpg]
ca:yfdf

 dd{tsf nflu c:yfoL lgsf;L ug]{ dfna:t'

 xjfO{ hxfh jf x]lnsf]K6/ jf ltgsf OlGhg dd{tsf nflu

ljb]z n}hfg] ePdf ;DalGwt jfo";]jf sDkgLsf] hdfgLdf
w/f}6L glnO{ / kf6k'hf{ ePdf ;f] kf6k'hf{sf] d"Nosf] )=%
k|ltzt tyf cGo ePdf % k|ltzt w/f}6L lnO{ dd{tsf] nflu
n}hfg lbg ;Sg]5

 dd{t ubf{ nfu]sf] vr{ adf]lhdsf] d"No / kf6k'hf{ km]l/Psf] eP

;f] jfktsf] d"NonfO{ eG;f/ d"No dfgL dx;'n lnOg] / af+sL
/sd w/f}6Laf6 lkmtf{ lbOg]

 -tLg dlxgfleq kmsf{O Nofpg' kg]{ -# dlxgf Dofb yk x'g

;Sg]_

 DofbeGbf kl5 lkmtf{ NofP klxn] /flvPsf] w/f}6L hkmt u/L

gof+ dfna:t' ;/x dx;'n c;'n ul/g]
 a; / 6«ssf] r]l;; dfq k}7f/L ePsf]df Body agfpgsf] nflu
ljb]z n}hfg] ca:yfdf

 d]nf, xf6 tyf k|bz{gLdf laqmL ljt/0f jf k|bz{gsf nflu

dfna:t' k}7f/L jf lgsf;L ubf{ nfUg] dx;'n w/f}6Ldf /flvg] .

 g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jfldTj -k"0f{ jf clwsf+z_ ePsf ;fj{hlgs

;+:yf / s'6gLlts lgsfosf] l;kmfl/zdf clen]v -nut_ dfq
/fvL lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ug{ ;lsg] t/ o; k|sf/sf] lgsf;L jf
k}7f/L ubf{ Pp6} eG;f/ sfof{nosf] k|of]u ug'{kg]{

 eG;f/ rf]/L k}7f/L d'4fsf] ljuf] tyf lnnfd k|of]hg cflbdf

gub w/f}6Lsf] Joa:yf ul/Psf]

 dfna:t'sf] d"Nof+sg / juL{s/0f h:tf ljifodf sfof{no /

k}7f/Lstf{ jLr Psdt x'g g;s]sf] ca:yfdf

 eG;f/ P]g, @)^$ sf] bkmf %& sf] rf]/L k}7f/L dxndf Joa:yf
ePsf] eG;f/ rf]/L k}7f/L d'4fsf] ljuf] / ljleGg lsl;dsf
w/f}6L tyf s}b jfktsf] /sd
!=( eG;f/ Ph]06 ;DaGwL Joa:yf

 eG;f/ P]g, @)^$ bkmf @ kl/efiff v08sf] -w_ df "eG;f/ Ph]06"

eGgfn] bkmf %! adf]lhd Ohfhtk|fKt JolQm ;Demg'kb{5 .

dfnwgL

Ph]06 jf
eG;f/ sfof{nodf dfna:t'
hf+rkf; u/fpgsf] nflu
cflwsfl/s k|ltlglw
k|ltlglw

dfnwgL eG;f/ Ph]06 eG;f/ Ph]06

sfuhft hf+rkf; k|s[of uf]bfd / lkl;P

k]zfsf] ;jn kIf

 Jofkf/ ;xhLs/0fsf] d'Vo kfq -;?jf gx'g] :yfoL
sd{rf/L_
 /fh:j ;+sngdf ;sf/fTds of]ubfg
 ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf ljgf jbL{sf l;kfxL -xftxltof/, nfu"
cf}iflw, lgif]lwt ;fdfg_
  ljt/0f k|0ffnLsf Joa:yfks -cfk"lt{ r]gsf ;+jfxs
h:t}M ns8fpg_
 JolQmut ;Dks{sf] Ps clåtLo Platform
 Joj;fo lj:tf/ -cfk}m cfoft lgof{tstf{_
 dof{lbt / ;DkGg kl/jf/sf ;b:ox? klg Ohfhtkqsf]
nflu k|lt:kwf{ ub}{
eG;f/ P]g, @)^$ sf] kl/R5]b !) -bkmf %! b]lv bkmf %^ ;Dd_
 bkmf %! M eG;f/ Ph]06sf] Ohfhtkq ;DaGwL Joa:yf
o P]h]06sf] sfd rfxg] JolQmn] tf]lsPadf]lhdsf]
k|s[of k'/f u/L Ohfhtkq lng' kg]{
o eG;f/ lgodfjnL, @)^$ sf] lgod #& df k|s[of
tf]lsPsf]
 bkmf %@ M eG;f/ Ph]06 lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]
o lgsf;L k}7f/Lstf{n] tf]lsP adf]lhd eG;f/ Ph]06
lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]
o eG;f/ lgodfjnL, @)^$ sf] lgod #* df Ph]06
tf]Sg] k|s[of
 bkmf %# M eG;f/ Ph]06 dfna:t'sf] wgL x'g]
o lgsf;L k}7f/Lstf{n] eG;f/ Ph]06 lgo'Qm u/]kl5
;f] k|of]hgsf] nfllu dfna:t'sf] wgL ;/x dflgg]
 bkmf %#s M eG;f/ Ph]06sf] st{Jo
o eG;f/ Ph]06sf] ljleGg % j6f st{Jo tf]lsPsf]
 bkmf %$ M eG;f/ Ph]06 lhDd]jf/ x'g]
 o tf]lsPsf] eG;f/ Ph]06n] lgod ljkl/t s'g} sfd
u/L dfna:t'sf] wgLnfO{ gf]S;fgL u/]df ;f]
gf]S;fgL a/fa/sf] /sd dfna:t'sf] wgLnfO{
ltg'{kg]{
 bkmf %% M Ohfht lgnDjg / /4 x'g ;Sg]
o bkmf %( adf]lhd hl/jfgf ePsf] jf lgod ljkl/t
sfd ug]{ jf st{Jo k'/f gug]{ eG;f/ Ph]06nfO{
eG;f/ clws[tn] Ps dlxgfb]lv ^ dlxgf;Dd
lgnDjg ug{ ;Sg]
o tLg k6s;Dd klg pk/f]Qmfg';f/sf] sfd sf/jfxL
u/]df eG;f/ clws[tn] lghsf] Ohfhtkq /4 ug{
;Sg]
o gSsnL z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0fkq jf cGo e'm7f
sfuhft k]z u/L Ohfhtkq k|fKt u/]sf] b]lvPdf
eG;f/ clws[tn] lghsf] Ohfhtkq /4 ug{ ;Sg]
o Ohfhtkq lgnDjg jf /4 ug'{ cl3 ;kmfOsf] df}sf
lbOg]
o lgnDjg ePsf]df ;f] cjlwe/ / /4 ePsf]df k'gM
Ohfhtkq gkfpg]
o kmf}Hbf/L s;"/sf] cleof]udf d'4f bfo/ ePsf]df
;f] ldltb]lv g} Ohfhtkq lgnDjg x'g]
o cbfntaf6 s'g} eG;f/ Ph]06 bf]ifL k|dfl0ft ePdf
lghsf] Ohfhtkq :jtM /4 x'g]
 bkmf %^ M lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]
o lgnDjg jf /4 ePsf]df lrQ ga'e]m lg0f{o ePsf]
#% lbg leq dxflgb]{zs;dIf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]
o dxflgb]{zsn] ;fdfGotof #) lbgleq lg0f{o
lbg'kg]{ / ;f] lg0f{o clGtd x'g]
 bkmf %( M eG;f/ Ph]06nfO{ ;hfo x'g]
o bkmf %& sf] pkbkmf -%_, -^_, -&_, -*_ / -(_
adf]lhdsf] sfo{ ug]{ eG;f/ Ph]06nfO{ @%
xhf/b]lv %) xhf/;Dd hl/jfgf jf ! dlxgfb]lv
^ dlxgf;Dd s}b jf b'a} ;hf+o x'g ;Sg] .
o %& -%_ – sd kl/df0f 3f]if0ff u/]df -k}7f/L_
o %& -^_ – pTklQsf] d'n's km/s kf/L 3f]if0ff u/]df -k}7f/L_
o %& -&_ – a9L kl/df0f 3f]if0ff u/]df -lgsf;L_
o %& -*_ – ljj/0f km/s kf/L 3f]if0ff u/]df -k}7f/L_
o %& -(_ – dfna:t' 3f]if0ff g} gu/]df -k}7f/L_
 bkmf &^ M dfna:t'sf] wgL jf Ph]06df lhDd]jf/L /xg] M bkmf
@# adf]lhd hf+rkf; ePsf] dfna:t'sf] sfuhft / ljj/0f km/s
k/]df ;f] sf] lhDd]jf/L dfna:t'sf] wgL jf Ph]06df /xg]

 eG;f/ lgodfjnL, @)^$ sf] kl/R5]b * -lgod #& b]lv lgod

#( ;Dd_
 lgod #& M eG;f/ Ph]06sf] Ohfhtkq ;DaGwL Joa:yf
o ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt u/L Ohfhtkqsf] nflu b/vf:t
dfu ug{ ;Sg]
 o Ohfhtkqsf] nflu cfjZos Go"gtd of]Uotf
o k/LIffsf] lsl;d
o Ohfhtkq b:t'/, a}+s hdfgt
o Ohfhtkq gljs/0f ;DaGwL Joa:yf / cfjZos sfuhft
o Ph]06sf k|ltlglwsf] of]Uotf, ;+Vof / sfo{If]q
 lgod #* M eG;f/ Ph]06 lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]
o dfnwgLn] eG;f/ Ph]06 lgo'Qm ug]{ ;DaGwL
 Ph]06sf k|ltlglwsf] of]Uotf, ;+Vof / sfo{If]q
 lgod #( M eG;f/ Ph]06nfO{ tflnd lbg]
Ohfhtkq k|fKt u/L ;]jf gu/]sf jf ;]jf k|bfg ul//x]sf eG;f/
Ph]06x?sf nflu eG;f/ ljefu :jo+n] jf cGo s'g} ;+:yf jf
lgsfo dfk{mt tflnd k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 .

s]xL dxTjk"0f{ sfg'gL Joa:yf -eG;f/ P]g, @)^$ adf]lhd_

 bkmf %# lgo'Qm ePsf] eG;f/ Ph]06 ;f] k|of]hgsf] nflu
dfna:t'sf] wgL ;/x dflgg]5 .
 bkmf %#s eG;f/ sfg'gsf] kl/kfngf ug]{, hf+rkf; k|s[ofnfO{
;/nLs/0f ug{ ;xof]u ug]{, afwf k'Ug] s'g} sfd gug]{ /
cfjZos k/]df dfnwgL pkl:yt u/fpg]
 bkmf %$ P]g lgod ljkl/t s'g} sfd u/L dfnwgLnfO{ xfgL
gf]S;fgL u/]df gf]S;fgL a/fj/sf] /sd dfnwgLnfO{ ltg'{kg]{
u/L eG;f/ Ph]06nfO{ lhDd]jf/ agfOPsf]
 bkmf %% k|rlnt P]g lgod ljkl/t sfd ug]{ jf st{Jo k'/f
gug]{ eG;f/ Ph]06nfO{ eG;f/ clws[tn] ! dlxgfb]lv ^
dlxgf;Dd lgnDjg ug{ ;Sg] . To;}u/L gSsnL jf e'm7f
sfuhft k]z u/L Ohfhtkq lng], kmf}Hbf/L s;"/sf]
cleof]udf cbfntaf6 bf]ifL k|dfl0ft ePdf Ohfhtkq /4
x'g] .
 bkmf %^ o; bkmfdf bkmf %% adf]lhd Ohfhtkq /4 ePsf]
eG;f/ Ph]06n] lrQ ga'e]m lg0f{o ePsf] #% lbgleq eG;f/
ljefusf dxflgb]{zs ;dIf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg] / dxflgb]{zsn]
;fdfGotof #) lbgleq lg0f{o lbg'kg]{ / ;f] lg0f{o g} clGtd
x'g] pNn]v 5 .

s]xL dxTjk"0f{ sfg'gL Joa:yf -eG;f/ lgodfjnL, @)^$ adf]lhd_

lgod #& Ohfhtkq lng rfxg] JolQmsf] of]Uotf

 @! jif{ pd]/ k'u]sf] g]kfnL gful/s

 :gfts / slDtdf # dlxgfsf] cfwf/e"t sDKo'6/ tflnd
 g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ ltg{ a'emfpg kg]{ /sd af+sL gePsf]
 kmf}Hbf/L cleof]udf cbfntaf6 s;"/bf/ k|dfl0ft gePsf]
 @)^% j}zfv !% ut];Dd nuftf/ @ jif{ k|ltlglw eO{ sfd
u/]sfsf] xsdf ljz]if Joa:yf -z}lIfs of]Uotf / tflnd
grflxg] t/ sfof{no k|d'vn] clen]v x]/L k|dfl0ft ug'{kg]{_
 Ohfhtkq b:t'/ & xhf/
 w/f}6L jfkt ? & nfvsf] gub jf a}+s hdfgt
 Ohfhtkqsf] cjlw ! cfly{s jif{
 gljs/0f b:t'/ ?= & xhf/
 # cfly{s jif{sf] nflu Ps} k6s Ohfhtkq gljs/0f u/fpg
;lsg]

lgod #*

 eG;f/ Ph]06n] of]Uotf k'u]sf a9Ldf @ hgf k|ltlglw

cfjZos k|s[of k'/f u/L lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]
 lghx? k|To]sn] s'g} Ps eG;f/ sfof{nodf dfq sfd ug{
;Sg]
 k|ltlglwn] u/]sf] sfd sf/jfxLsf] ;Dk"0f{ lhDd]jf/L Ph]06df
/xg]
 eG;f/ Ph]06n] cfjZos k|s[of k'/f u/L lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg] @
hgf ;xfos g} Ph]06 k|ltlglw
 k|To]s k|ltlglwn] s'g} Ps eG;f/ sfof{nodf dfq ug{ ;Sg]
 k|ltlglwsf] of]Uotf klg eG;f/ Ph]06sf] ;/x
!=!) cGt/f{li6«o Jofkf/df e'QmfgL k|0ffnL ;DaGwL Joa:yf
 cGt/f{li6«o Jofkf/df e'QmfgLsf] k|s[of / a:t' k|flKtsf z{tx?
lglZrt dfkb08sf] cfwf/df dfq x'G5 .
 q]mtf / laqm]tf aLrsf] ;DaGw;]t'sf] sfd a}+sx?n] ub{5g\ cyf{t
q]mtf / ljq]mtf b'a}n] cf cfk\mgf a}+sx?sf] ljZjf;df ;fdfg
cfoft tyf lgof{tsf] sfd ug]{ ub{5g\
 xfd|f] d'n'sdf g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] g} o; ;DaGwL gLlt agfpg] tyf
cg'udg ug]{ sfo{ ul/cfPsf] 5
 g]kfn /fi6« a}+saf6 k|ltkflbt gLlt, cfb]z, kl/kq, lgb]{zg cGo
a}+s tyf cfoft lgof{tstf{nfO{ afWosf/L x'g] ub{5
 ef/taf6 nf]sn, O08j08 / k|lttkq dfkm{t sf/f]af/
 t]>f] d'n'saf6 k|lttkqaf6
 rLgsf] :jzfl;t If]q ltAataf6 a}+lsª jf a:t' ljlgdo
 rLgsf] :jzfl;t If]q ltAataf6 a:t' ljlgdo k|0ffnL cGtu{t
k}7f/L ug{ ;lsg] dfna:t'x?
o sRrf pg
o hLljt e]8f Rofªu|f
o g"g
o rf}/L ufO{ / rf}/L ufO{sf] k'R5/
 o un}+rf
o hl8j'6L
Inbond M

 g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] tf]lslbPsf dfna:t' dfq k}7f/L ug{ ;lsg]

 kl/jTo{ ljb]zL d'b|fdf k|lttkq vf]nL ef/taf6 k}7f/L ug'{kg]{
 ef/tdf s'g} s/ Pj+ z'Ns gnfUg]
 uf]bfd jf sf/vfgfaf6 g]kfn lgsf;L ug{sf] nflu dfna:t'
lgsfNbf ef/tdf laqmL ulb{g egL lgsf;Lstf{n] sj'lnot (Bond)
ug'{kg]{
 g]kfn l:yt eG;f/ sfof{nosf clws[tn] lgsf;L ePsf] ;Dk"0f{
dfna:t' ;'/lIft ?kdf g]kfn k|j]z u/]sf] egL Application for
Removal (AR4) kmf/fd k|dfl0ft u/]kl5 o;sf] r/0f k'/f x'g]

 :jLs[t a}+lsª k|0ffnL ePsf cd]l/sL 8n/ !)))) ;Ddsf

Jofkl/s k|of]hgsf dfna:t' lghL If]qaf6 ;+rflnt s'l/o/x?
dfk{mt lgsf;L ug{ ;lsg]
 lghL If]qaf6 ;+rflnt s'l/o/x?n] dfk{mt Jofkfl/s a:t'sf] gd"gf
jf pkxf/sf] ?kdf Ps sG;fOGd]06df cd]l/sL 8n/ %)) ;Ddsf
dfna:t' e'QmfgL k|0ffnL ljgf k}7f/L ug{ ;lsg]
 lghL If]qaf6 ;+rflnt s'l/o/x?n] dfk{mt Jofkfl/s a:t'sf] gd"gf
jf pkxf/sf] ?kdf Ps sG;fOGd]06df cd]l/sL 8n/ !)))
;Ddsf dfna:t' e'QmfgL k|0ffnL ljgf lgsf;L ug{ ;lsg]
 cGt/f{li6«o Jofkf/df e'QmfgLsf] k|s[ofsf ljleGg :j?kx? dWo]
s]xL :j?kx? M
 Letter of Credit (L/C) – laq]mtf / laqm]tfn] sf/f]af/ ug]{ a}+s
tyf q]mtf / q]mtfn] sf/f]af/ ug]{ a}+s u/L rf/j6f kIf ;+nUg x'g],
q]mtfn] cfkmn] vl/b u/]sf] ;fdfgsf] kl/df0f, u'+0f:t/ ;a} PsLg
u/L k|fKt ePkl5 dfq a}+sn] e'QmfgL ug]{ x'gfn] tyf ;fdfg
e'QmfgL ePkl5 ;f] jfktsf] e'QmfgL kfO{g] ;'lglZrttf ePsf]n]
b'a} kIf ;'/lIft /x]sf x'G5g\ . cGt/f{li6«o Jofkf/sf] e'QmfgLdf
;a}eGbf ljZj;gLo dfWod o;}nfO{ dfGg ;lsG5 .

Cycle of Letter of Credit (L/C) Example

Importer Exporter

 Negotiation
 Sales Agreement
 Incoterms Details
 Performa Invoice
 1st Cycle

Importer Issuing Advising

Exporter
Bank Bank

 Application for L/C Send L/C to  Contact to exporter Dispatch

 Performa invoice Advising  Verified document goods
 Sales agreement bank

2nd Cycle

Advising Issuing Importer

Exporter
Bank Bank

 Document of packing  Asked Importer to  Receive

 Make payments
list, invoice, bill of verify documents goods
 send document to
lading, insurance etc.  Payment  Submit BBNI
Issuing Bank
 Submit to bank to verify  Send to Advising to bank
 Bank
 Cash in Advance – clu|d gub e'QmfgL u/L dfna:t' k}7f/L
ul/g] ljlw, o;df vl/bstf{ eGbf laq]mtf a9L ;'/lIft x'g] . TT
(Telegraphic Transfer), Debit Card Payment, International
Cheque klg o;}sf] Ps :j?k xf]

e'QmfgL / k|flKt rqm

o lgof{tstf{n] cfoftstf{nfO{ k|f]kmdf{ OGEjfO; k7fpg]
o lgof{tstf{n] cfk"mn] e'QmfgL lng rfx]sf] a}+ssf] ljj/0f,
l:jk\m6 sf]8 jf 6]n]S; sf]8 k7fpg]
o låkIfLo ;dembf/Lsf] cfwf/df cfoft ug]{ kIfn]
lgof{tstf{sf] vftfdf k};f k7fpg]
o cfoftstf{sf] g]kfnl:yt a}+sn] lgof{tstf{n] clu|d e'QmfgL
kfPsf] k|dfl0ft ul/lbg]
o cfoftstf{n] ;f]xL e'QmfgLsf] k|df0f lnP/ eG;f/ 3f]if0ff /
hf+rkf; ug]{

 TT (Telegraphic Transfer)

o ljB'tLo e'QmfgL eGbf klxn]b]lv k|of]udf cfPsf] ljlw

 o Ps a}+saf6 csf]{ a}+sdf 6]n]S; ;Gb]z dfk{mt /sd e'QmfgL
jf :yfgfGt/0f x'g]

 Open Account – of] dfWod q]mtfnfO{ gub k|jfx / nfutsf]

zt{df ;a}eGbf a9L nfebfos x'G5 eg] To;sf] ljkl/t
laq]mtfnfO{ hf]lvd /xG5 . To;}n] k|To]s s]Gb|Lo a}+sn] o;sf]
sf/f]af/sf] clwstd ;Ldf tf]s]sf] x'G5 . ;fdfg cfk"lt{ e};s]kl5
8«fk\m6 lvRg] x'gfn] o;nfO{ Draft sf] gfdaf6 klg lrlgG5 .

 Documentary (Document) Collection (D/C) – sfuhft

;+sng k|0ffnL
o o; k|sf/sf] sfuhftnfO{ ljlgdosf] ljn jf Draft klg
elgG5
o laq]mtfn] sfuhft cfk"mn] sf/f]af/ ug]{ a}+s (Remitting
Bank) df k7fpg]
o Remitting Bank n] pQm sfuhft q]mtfsf] a}+s
(Collecting Bank) df k7fpg]
o q]mtfn] Collecting Bank df tf]lsPsf] Dofb leq e'QmfgL
ug'{kg]{
 o q]mtfsf] a}+s (Collecting Bank) n] dfna:t' jfktsf]
e'QmfgL laq]mtfsf] Remitting Bank df k7fpg]
o Remitting Bank n] e'QmfgL k7fpgsf] nflu ljB'tLo, d]n,
8«fk\m6, r]s cflb k|of]u ug]{

Cycle of DAP (Document Against Payment)

Sales Agreement between Importer and Exporter

Exporter Remitting Collecting

Importer
Bank Bank

 Prepare Trade  Verify Doc  Collect payment  Payment evidence

Doc & submit  Send Doc to  Payment receipt to  Receive goods
to Bank Collecting B. Importer
 Dispatch goods

 Dispatch goods

Cycle of DAA (Document Against Acceptance)

 o;df cGo k|s[of ;a Pp6} x'G5 t/ e'QmfgLsf] nflu cjlw tf]lsPsf]

x'G5, cyf{t pwf/f]df sf/f]af/ ul/G5 .
 q]mtf kIfsf] Collecting Bank nfO{ Presenting Bank klg elgG5 .
 L/C af6 sf/f]af/ x'+bf q]mtf kIfsf] a}+snfO{ Issuing Bank / laq]mtf
kIfsf] a}+snfO{ Advising Bank elgG5