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Contents
01 Introduction......................................................................................................................................2
1.1 symptoms of coronavirus............................................................................................................3
02 Statewise..........................................................................................................................................3
03 Government Action..........................................................................................................................5
3.1 Initial measures...........................................................................................................................5
January–February 2020.................................................................................................................5
March 2020...................................................................................................................................6
April 2020......................................................................................................................................6
3.2 Lockdown.....................................................................................................................................7
3.2 Unlocking.....................................................................................................................................9
3.3 Report........................................................................................................................................12
04 Conclusion......................................................................................................................................12
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01 Introduction

A novel coronavirus (CoV) is a new strain of coronavirus.

The disease caused by the novel coronavirus first identified in Wuhan, China, has been
named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) – ‘CO’ stands for corona, ‘VI’ for the virus, and
‘D’ for disease.
Formerly, this disease was referred to as ‘2019 novel coronavirus’ or ‘2019-nCoV.’

The COVID-19 virus is a new virus linked to the same family of viruses as Severe Acute
Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and some types of a common cold.

The virus is transmitted through direct contact with respiratory droplets of an infected
person (generated through coughing and sneezing), and touching surfaces contaminated
with the virus. The COVID-19 virus may survive on surfaces for several hours, but simple
disinfectants can kill it.

1.1 symptoms of coronavirus

Symptoms can include fever, cough and shortness of breath. In more severe cases, infection
can cause pneumonia or breathing difficulties. More rarely, the disease can be fatal.

These symptoms are similar to the flu (influenza) or the common cold, which are a lot more
common than COVID-19. This is why testing is required to confirm if someone has COVID-19.
It’s important to remember that key prevention measures are the same – frequent hand
washing, and respiratory hygiene (cover your cough or sneeze with a flexed elbow or tissue,
then throw away the tissue into a closed bin)
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02 Statewise
States Total Cases Deaths

Andaman and Nicobar Islands 7043 119

Arunachal Pradesh 28018 118

Assam 420076 3477

Bihar 709093 5268

Chandigarh 60,288 761

Chhattisgarh 975,141 13177

Dadra and Nagar Haveli & Daman and Diu 10331 4

Goa 157275 2693

Gujrat 812063 9873

Haryana 759039 8461

Himachal Pradesh 192142 3210

Jharkhand 338915 5011

Kerala 2635122 30017

Lakshadweep 2566000 9222

Madhya Pradesh 8335 35

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Maharashtra 782099 8157

Manipur 5776184 96751

Meghalaya 52278 839

Mizoram 36597 616

Nagaland 12859 45

Delhi 20795 399

Puducgerry 1427439 24402

Punjab 1427439 24402

Rajasthan 106299 1567

Sikkim 571970 14748

Tamil Nadu 942236 8515

Telangana 15876 260

Tripura 2148346 25205

Uttar Pradesh 583228 3113

Uttarakhand 53222 532

West Bengal 331478 6582

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Odisha 53222 521

Andhra Pradesh 1690016 20457

Jammu and Kashim 331547 6541

Ladakh 1394157 15813

03 Government Action
3.1 Initial measures
January–February 2020
Protective measures were first applied in January. India began thermal screening of
passengers arriving from China on 21 January. Initially carried out at seven airports, it was
expanded to 20 airports towards the end of January. ]During February, the screening was
extended to passengers from Thailand, Singapore, Hong Kong, Japan and South
Korea. Nepal, Vietnam, Indonesia and Malaysia were added to the list towards the end of
February. Very few new cases were discovered during February, The Indian Council of
Medical Research (ICMR) admitted that airport screening alone was insufficient.
March 2020

Awareness poster released by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare

By early to mid-March, the government had drawn up plans to deal with a worsening of the
pandemic in the country. This included seven ministries working together to set up
additional quarantine and treatment facilities across the country. States and twenty
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ministries, including Home, Defence, Railways, Labour, Minority
Affairs, Aviation and Tourism, were informed of the containment plan. Plans to avoid a
panic-like situation were also made. The Ministry of Textiles was to ensure the availability of
protective and medical materials. The Department of Pharmaceuticals was to ensure the
availability of essential medicines. The Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public
Distribution was asked to ensure availability of essentials.
On 17 March, the Government of India issued an advisory, urging to all Indian states to
take social distancing measures as a preventive strategy for implementation till 31 March. A
government directive was issued asking all Central Armed Police Forces to get into battle
mode; all non-essential leave was cancelled. A COVID-19 Economic Response Task Force was
also formed.
Union and state governments set up national and state helpline numbers.
April 2020
Major Indian cities and many states made wearing facial masks compulsory.
On 29 April, The Ministry of Home Affairs issued guidelines for the states to allow inter-state
movement of the stranded persons. States have been asked to designate nodal authorities
and form protocols to receive and send such persons. States have also been asked to screen
the people, quarantine them and to do periodic health checkups.

3.2 Lockdown

Phase 1 (March 25 – April 14)

The first day of a nationwide lockdown (March 25) saw the suspension of nearly all
non-essential services. It introduced us to panic-buying, wherein people were seen
crowding up shops and stores to stock essentials. Arrests across the states were
made for violating norms of lockdown such as venturing out for no emergency,
opening businesses and home quarantine violations. The e-commerce vendors came
to much rescue as they ensured a seamless supply of essentials across the nation
during the lockdown period. 
 On March 26, Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman announced a ₹170,000
crore (US$24 billion) stimulus package to help those affected by the lockdown
 On March 27, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) announced a slew of measures
to help mitigate the economic impacts of the lockdown
 Since an announcement regarding the suspension of passenger trains was
already made, the Indian Railways, on March 29, said it would start services
for special parcel trains to transport essential goods, in addition to the regular
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freight service. The national rail operator also announced plans to convert
coaches into isolation wards for patients of COVID-19
 On April 5, Indians from across all states showed solidarity with the health
workers, police and all those fighting the disease. We switched off electric
lights at home for 9 minutes from 9:00 pm to 9:09 pm and lit diyas, candles
and flashlights with mobiles and torches
 As the end of the initial lockdown approached, many states expressed
willingness to extend the same till April end, to control the curb of
coronavirus. On April 14, Prime Minister Modi announced the extension of
nationwide lockdown till May 3

Phase 2 (April 15 – May 3)

 Commonly referred to as Lockdown 2.0, this period came in with a conditional
relaxation promised after April 20, for areas that reported a decline in
coronavirus positive cases
 On April 16, lockdown areas were classified as "red zone", indicating the
presence of infection hotspots, "orange zone" indicating some infection, and
"green zone" with no infections
 On April 20, certain relaxations were announced by the government, which
allowed agricultural businesses (including dairy, aquaculture and plantations)
and shops selling farming supplies to reopen. Public works programs were
also allowed to reopen with instructions to maintain social distancing. Cargo
transportation vehicles, including trucks, trains and planes began operating.
Banks and government centers distributing benefits opened as well
 On April 25, small retail shops were allowed to open with half the staff, with
social distancing norms in place
 On April 29, the Ministry of Home Affairs issued guidelines for the states to
allow inter-state movement of stranded persons, along with screening and
placing them into quarantine if required
 On May 1, the government further extended the lockdown period to two weeks
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Image Source : PTI

An Indian family listens to Prime Minister Narendra Modi as he announces lockdown, urges
citizens to stay home

Phase 3 (May 4 - May 17)

 By now, the country was split into three zones - Red (areas with high
coronavirus cases and a high doubling rate), Orange (those with
comparatively fewer cases than the red zone) and Green (areas that did not
report any positive cases in the past 21 days)
 On May 17, the lockdown was again extended for a period of two weeks

Phase 4 (May 18 – May 31)

 During this phase, states were given a larger say in the demarcation of Green,
Orange and Red zones and the implementation roadmap
 Red zones were further divided into containment and buffer zones
 The local bodies were given authority to demarcate containment and buffer
zones
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Image Source : AP
Image shows India undergoing lockdown, to curb the spread of coronavirus 

3.2 Unlocking

Unlock 1.0 (June 1 – June 30)

 The first unlock came with a fresh set of guidelines for the month of June. By now,
lockdown restrictions were only limited to the containment zones, while activities
were permitted in other zones in a phased manner
 Shopping malls, religious places, hotels and restaurants were allowed to reopen from
June 8
 Though large gatherings were still banned, inter-state travel was allowed 
 Various states had imposed night curfews from 9 pm to 5 am and appropriate
restrictions were laid on activities

Unlock 2.0 (July 1 – July 31)

Phase II of unlocking began under the guidelines and instructions of the MHA and
the NDMA, and the following changes were imposed
 Lockdown measures were only imposed in containment zones. In all other areas,
most activities were permitted
 Night curfews were in effect from 10 pm to 5 am in all areas
 State governments were allowed to put suitable restrictions on all activities, but state
borders remained open to all. Inter- and intrastate travel was permitted
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 Limited international travel was permitted as part of the Vande Bharat Mission
 Shops allowed more than five persons at a time
 Educational institutions, metros, recreational activities remained closed till July 31
 Only essential activities were permitted in containment zones, while maintaining
strict parameter control, intensive contact tracing, house-to-house surveillance and
other clinical interventions
 Further guidelines regarding usage of the Aarogya Setu app and masks were
reiterated

Image Source : PTI

Passengers at a railway station deboard a train, taking care of all COVID-19 norms, as India
began to unlock

Unlock 3.0 (August 1 – August 31)

 Unlock 3.0 removed night curfews and permitted gymnasiums and yoga centers to
reopen from August 5
 Educational institutions were ordered to remain closed till August 31 
 All inter and intrastate travel and transportation was permitted
 Independence Day celebrations were permitted with social distancing
 During this while, Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu imposed a lockdown for the whole
month, while West Bengal imposed lockdowns twice a week
 On August 30, the Delhi Metro resumed its operations on two metro lines
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Unlock 4.0 (September 1 – September 30)

 A statement underlining the new set of guidelines issued by the Ministry of Home
Affairs said, "Lockdown shall remain in force in the Containment Zones till 30th
September 2020" outside the containment zone, however, some activities were given
permission
 Metro Rail was allowed to resume operations in a graded manner from September 7
 Marriage functions with gatherings of up to 50 people and funereal/last rites
ceremonies with of up to 20 people were permitted
 Religious, entertainment, political, sports, academic functions and gatherings of up to
100 people were allowed
 Face coverings/masks were made compulsory in public places and workplaces

Unlock 5.0 (October 1 – October 31) 

 Schools were asked to continue with online learning till as long as possible
 It was during this period, that the lockdown in containment zones was extended till
November 30
 Swimming pools being used for training of sportsperson were allowed to open
 Cinema halls, that had remained closed all this while, reopened from October 15, with
50 per cent of their seating capacity
 On October 27, guidelines were issued for Unlock 6.0

A movie hall undergoing sanitisation process as new set of guidelines for unlock allowed
movie halls to function with proper social distancing

Unlock 6.0 (November 1 – November 30)

 Not many changes were made as compared to the previous unlock in the country.
The Ministry of Home Affairs said the same guidelines would continue for the month
of November
 Several states had allowed the opening up of more activities outside containment
zones and had also announced the partial reopening of schools

3.3 Report
Centre rushes high level team to Maharashtra to support the State in implementation of
effective public health interventions for Zika (Link)
• Centre reviews COVID-19 situation in 10 states reporting surge of COVID-19 cases (Link
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) • Vice President urges scientific fraternity to expedite the development of COVID vaccine
for children (Link)
• Union Minister of Health organizes online workshop with officials of Press Information
Bureau (PIB), Bureau of Outreach and Communication (BOC), Doordarshan (DD), All India
Radio (AIR), and NHM on crisis communication on COVID-19 (Link)
• Union Minister of Health digitally inaugurates whole genome sequencing national
reference laboratory for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and new BSL 3 laboratory (Link)
• Prime Minister interacts with representatives of religious and social organizations on
COVID-19 (Link)
INDIA SITUATION
• In India, for the last several weeks, daily cases are plateauing around 30-40,000. In
comparison to previous week (15-21July), less than 40% of districts have shown an increase
in new cases during last week. COVID-19:
STATUS ACROSS STATES
• In the past week (22-28 July), as compared to previous week (15-21 July), twelve states
have shown an increase in cases while twenty-three states have shown a decline in cases.
Higher decline has been reported from D&N Haveli (-59%), A&N Islands (-36%), Punjab (-
29%) and Bihar (-27%). WHO Situation Update India 31,726,507 Confirmed Cases 425,195
Total Deaths South East Asia Region 38,634,585 Confirmed Cases 576,491 Total Deaths
World 198,778,175 Confirmed Cases 4,235,559Deaths 79 August 4, 2021
• In Delhi, the government has approved the Medical Oxygen Production Promotion Policy
aimed at improving oxygen availability in the State
. • In Gujarat, Commissioner of Health has issued a letter exhorting all districts to ensure
vaccination of all teaching and non-teaching staff in educational institutes on priority.
• In Madhya Pradesh, schools have been reopened for classes 9th to 12th standard,
however, online classes will also continue as before.

04 Conclusion
This paper has presented a study of the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Outbreak in India.
The spread of COVID-19 in India depends on a lot of factors especially, the religious
gathering of people, which can act as a super spreader of COVID-19. Any such gathering in
the future will be detrimental to the health of people. In India, lockdown proved to be a
good decision and it should be extended further. There are many unknown parameters that
can cause large uncertainties in the prediction; the prediction is supposed to help the
Government in further decision making and in coping with the ongoing coronavirus
transmission in India. As predicted by this study, more focus should be given to the control
measures such as speeding the testing rate, maintain social distancing, avoid unnecessary
gathering. If all these efforts are taken into consideration, then the severity of COVID-19 in
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India may be controlled at a relatively low level finally. The findings of this study increase
the knowledge level of nurses, which will enhance their willingness to work with high-risk
patient groups. The results of this paper will be useful in managing the healthcare resources
in advance and for the development of good nursing.