Professional Documents
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INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING
CURRICULUM
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
RENEWABLE ENERGY ENGINEERING
(MSREE)
1. Eligibility:
• Hold a Bachelors degree from normally, a Four Year Program in Civil, Mechanical, Electrical,
Electronics, Computer and Agriculture Engineering or Five year Program in Architecture or a
Two year program in Master of Science in Physics and Chemistry from Tribhuvan University
and other recognized Universities as well as Degrees equivalent to any of the aforesaid
branches of Engineering.
• Have undergraduate grades significantly above average and not less than that prescribed by the
Faculty Board of the Institute of Engineering, and
• Secure at least a minimum score, as prescribed by the Faculty Board, in the Admission test
conducted by Pulchowk Campus.
2. Selection:
The Candidates fulfilling the program requirements will be selected for the admission on the basis
of merit, which will be assessed in terms of total marks considering:
3. Entrance Test:
The nature of the entrance test will be decided by the Entrance Committee, set up by Pulchowk
Campus. The exact mix of the percentage of the total aggregate of Bachelor Degree and the nature
of the entrance test will be made known to the prospective candidates through notification in
Pulchowk campus and/or Public media.
4. Course Structure:
The course structure is based on the Semester system. The detailed course structure, examination
scheme, marks, etc. are listed in detailed course structure sheet.
Each Year is divided in First part and Second part, amounting to First and Second Semester. There
are five compulsory subjects in the First part and the Second part of the First year. The Second year
First part consists of three Groups. One subject is compulsory. Students can select any two subjects
from among eight subjects in group A and any one from among four from group B. The subject
may change from time to time and number of subject may be limited. Second part of Second Year
consists entirely of Thesis work. The Thesis work shall be extensive and normally field based.
i
5. Duration:
A regular student should complete the course within three years and a Part-time student should
complete it by five years. Minimum of two students could be admitted in part time students. A part
time student must take at least two subjects per semester. Each student must take a minimum of 60
credits. Student may take more than 60 credits but the excess credit will not be counted for.
6. Merit:
Depending upon the total percentage of the marks obtained, the following division shall be
awarded:
Percentage Division
TotalPercentage =
∑ (Credit * marksobtained )
∑ Credits
Pass >=50%
50 -< 65 II
65- < 80 I
80 – higher Distinction
7. Qualifying Criteria:
To qualify for the Master of Science in Renewable Energy Engineering, a student with Bachelor
Engineering Degree or equivalent must complete a program of course work of 60 credits including
an individual thesis of 16 credits.
To qualify for the Master of Science in Renewable Energy, a student with appropriate M. Sc.
degree must complete a program of course work of 60 credits including an individual thesis of 16
credits.
ii
M. Sc. in Renewable Energy / Engineering
Year: I Part:A
Teaching Schedule Examination Scheme
Theory
S.N. Course Total Remarks
Course Title Credit L T P Total Final
Code Assessment
Marks Duration
Marks
Hrs
1 EG801ME Fundamentals of Thermal Engineering 3 2 1 1.5 4.5 *40 3 60 100
2 EG802ME Fluid Mechanics with Engineering Applications 4 3 1 1.5 5.5 *40 3 60 100
3 EG803ES Energy Resources 2 2 1 0 3 40 3 60 100
4 EG804SH System Mathematics 3 3 1 0 4 40 3 60 100
5 EG805ES Bio Energy 3 3 1 1.5 5.5 *40 3 60 100
Total 15 13 5 4.5 22.5 200 300 500
* This 40 marks includes 20 marks of practical.
Year: I Part:B
Teaching Schedule Examination Scheme
Theory
S.N. Course Final Total Remarks
Course Title Credit L T P Total Assessment
Code Duration
Marks Marks
Hrs
1 EG851EE Instrumentation 4 3 1 1.5 5.5 *40 3 60 100
2 EG852ES Renewable Energy Systems Technology 4 3 1 1.5 5.5 *40 3 60 100
3 EG853ME Project Planning and Management 3 3 2 0 5 40 3 60 100
4 EG854ES Economics of Energy Projects 2 2 1 0 3 40 3 60 100
5 EG855SH Applied Sociology 2 2 0 0 2 40 3 60 100
Total 15 13 5 3 21 200 300 500
* This 40 marks includes 20 marks of practical.
L = Lecture, T = Tutorial, P = Practical
iii
Year: II Part:A
Teaching Schedule Examination Scheme
Theory
S.N. Course Final Total Remarks
Course Title Credit L T P Total Assessment
Code Duration
Marks Marks
Hrs
1 EG901SH Research Methodology 2 2 1 0 3 40 3 60 100
Elective A**
1 EG902ME Solar Thermal Technology 3 1 1.5 5.5 *40 3 60 100
2 EG903EX Solar PV Technology 3 1 1.5 5.5 *40 3 60 100
3 EG904ES Micro-hydro 3 1 1.5 5.5 *40 3 60 100
4 EG905ES Bio gas Technology 3 1 1.5 5.5 *40 3 60 100
5 EG906ES Bio fuel Technology 4 3 1 1.5 5.5 *40 3 60 100
6 EG907ES Wood Energy Technology 3 1 1.5 5.5 *40 3 60 100
7 EG908ES Wind Energy Technology 3 1 1.5 5.5 *40 3 60 100
8 EG909ES New Renewable Energy Technologies (NRETs) 3 1 1.5 5.5 *40 3 60 100
9 EG915ES Environmental Impacts and Climate Change 3 1 1.5 5.5 *40 3 60 100
Elective B***
1 EG910ES Energy Planning and Management 3 1 1.5 5.5 *40 3 60 100
2 EG911ES Energy Auditing, Analysis and Conservation 3 1 1.5 5.5 *40 3 60 100
4
3 EG912ES System Integration 3 1 1.5 5.5 *40 3 60 100
4 EG914ME Design and Manufacturing 3 1 1.5 5.5 *40 3 60 100
Total 14 11 4 4.5 19.5 160 240 400
* This 40 marks includes 20 marks of Practical/project work/s.
** Two subjects from this group
*** One subject from this group
Year: II Part :B
Teaching Schedule Examination Scheme Remarks
Assessment
through Project
S.N. Course Total Work/Thesis
Course Title Credit L T P Total Final Assessment Marks**
Code and final
Viva/thesis
presentation
1 EG951XY* Thesis Work / Research Work 16 100 100
Total 16 100 100
* XY could be ME, ES, EX, EE, SH
** As per the department rules and regulation
L = Lecture, T = Tutorial, P = Practical
iv
Table of Contents
v
Fundamentals of Thermal Engineering
(EG801ME)
Objective:
To apply the knowledge of thermodynamics, heat transfer, combustion processes in the combustion
engines and assesses the effects of pollutants from these devices.
1. Thermodynamics (4 hrs)
• Review of laws of thermodynamics
• Energy availability – available and non-available energy of a system and surrounding
atmosphere
• Relation between fuel conversion efficiency, combustion efficiency and thermal efficiency
3. Combustion: (8 hrs)
• Introduction to combustion process
• Combustion equation, stoichiometry, heating values
• Flames: types, structure and propagation
• Quenching and explosion hazards, flammability limits
• Combustion of solid, liquid and gas fuels
Assignments:
There should be at least one assignment from each topic.
Laboratory works:
1
4. Emission testing of spark ignition engine and compression ignition engine
5. Exposure to boiler operation (Site visit)
2
Fluid Mechanics with Engineering Application
(EG802ME)
Objective:
To review on basic fluid mechanics including forces on stationary and moving systems. Study and
application of similitude and dimensional analysis, compressible & in compressible flow, water
turbines and pumps.
3
7. Water Turbines and Pumps: (10 hrs)
Types of turbines (Pelton, Turgo impulse, Crossflow, Francis, Kaplan, propeller), working
principles, components and their functions, characteristics and design
Classification, size and rating, head delivered, specific speed, characteristics of constant speed,
energy laws in pumps, cavitations, efficiency, proportion and factors for pumps, system
characteristics and design.
Laboratory Experiments:
1. Robert L. Daugherty, Joseph B. Franzini and E. John Finnemore, Fluid Mechanics with
Engineering Applications, McGraw Hill Book Company, SI Metric Edition 1989
2. Dr. P.N. Modi and Dr. M. Sethi, Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics, Standard Book house 1995
3. Dr. J. Tritton, Physical Fluid Dynamics, Second Edition, Claredon Press, Oxford Press 1988
4. Dr. Jagadish Lal, Hydraulics Machines, Metropoliton Co. 1995
5. Dr. D. S. Kumar, Fluid mechanics and Fluid Power Engineering, S.K. Katheria & Sons, India
1998
6. Experiments in Fluid (Journals)
7. Physics of Fluid (Journals)
8. Journal of Fluid Mechanics (Journals)
9. Chemical Engineering Prog. (Journals)
4
Energy Resources
(EG803ES)
Lecture: 2 Year: 1
Tutorial: 1 Part: A
Objective:
To furnish the fundamental knowledge on energy resources in general and renewable energy
sources in particular such as wind, micro-hydro, wave, tidal, geothermal energy, etc.
1. Introduction: (2 hrs)
! Energy scenario (National, Regional and Global)
! Environmental issues and socio- economics impact.
5
! Newer forms of energy: Introduction, production of Hydrogen, Fuel cells.(1)
! Economic and financial analysis.(1)
6
System Mathematics
(EG 804SH)
Objective:
To deal with the application of Partial Differential Equations, Laplace Transformations,
Mathematical Modeling, Optimization Techniques, System Modeling & Simulation and Statistical
Application in Operation Research.
5. Forecasting: (4 hrs)
• Models for Time-series with Trend Components
• Models for Time-series with Seasonal Components
• Models for Time- series with Trend and Seasonal Components
• Selecting the Best Forecasting Method
• Causal Model; Simple and Multiple Regression
7
Textbook, Reference and Journals:
8
Bio-Energy
(EG805ES)
Lecture: 3 hrs Year: I
Tutorial: 1 hr Part: A
Practical: 1.5 hrs
Objective:
To create awareness and to enhance endogenous capacity in handling the upcoming challenges in
the biomass front, including resource identification, energy generation, system design and
technology development to ensure a sustainable future of the carbon neutral indigenous bio-energy
sources
General (2 hrs)
• Introduction to different sources of Bio-energy
• Bio-energy and environment
• International concerns of renewable energy development in the context of particularly
global climate change (United National Framework Convention on Climate Change, Kyoto
Protocol), Acid Rain, Ozone depletion, Population explosion, etc
1. Bio-gas energy
1.1 Introduction: (2 hr)
• Historical context of bio-gas energy
• Bio-gas Energy Resources (International context)
• History of biogas development in Nepal
• Institutional growth
• Technical growth
• Financing arrangement etc.
9
• Cleanliness
• Reduction in purchased fuel expense
• Environment protection
• Contribution to agriculture (slurry)
10
• Bio-gas in relation to local environment
Laboratory Works:
a) Demonstration of different kinds of biogas appliances (stoves and pipes) and their accessories
b) Demonstration of biogas lamps.
c) Site visit to observe bio-gas plants in different stages of construction and operation.
11
• Scope and limitation of bio-ethanol fuel as renewable alternative energy source in the
transport sector
Field Exposures
• To observe local bio-fuel resources
• To observe traditional as well as modern application of bio-fuel conversion process
• To observe the application of bio-fuel
Laboratory Works:
12
3. Wood and non-wood solid biomass fuel energy
13
3.4Wood and non-wood solid biomass fuel conversion and utilization
(secondary and final energy forms): (4 hrs)
• Pyrolysis and charcoal making
• Briquetting & Pelletising (densification of loose biomass residues), Charcoal briquettes
• Biomass fuel based boilers, kilns and furnaces
• Biomass Gasification (low cost, small-scale gasifiers for different applications)
• Cogeneration of heat and power from biomass fuels
• Dendro-thermal power generation from biomass fuels
• Improved Cook Stoves (ICS) for household applications (for domestic cooking and space
heating)
• Improved technology for enhancing the use of biomass fuels in the industrial and commercial
sectors, (for enhancing the biomass fuel combustion efficiency in traditional industries and
commercial undertakings which rely on solid biomass fuels)
• Commercially available modern biomass energy technologies (i.e. gasification, cogeneration,
dendro-thermal power generation, hybrid system, etc)
Laboratory Works:
1. Improved technology for charcoal making and utilization, for enhancing charcoal combustion
efficiency at the household and industry levels, as well as for reducing environmental pollution
2. Determination of the calorific value of different wood and non-wood biomass by tree species,
crop
3. Determination of the heat and combustion efficiency of different types of ICS
1. Energy Statistics: Definitions, Units of Measure and Conversion Factors, Studies in Methods,
Series F No. 44. Department of International Economics and Social Affairs, Statistical Office,
UNDP, New York 1987.
2. Energy and Environment Basics: RWEDP Report No. 29, 2nd edition. FAO Regional Wood
Energy Development Programme in Asia, Bangkok, July 1997.
3. P.D. Grover & S.K. Mishra. Biomass Briquetting: Technology and Practices
4. Regional Study on Wood Energy Today and Tomorrow in Asia. RWEDP Field Document No.
50. FAO Regional Wood Energy Development Programme in Asia, Bangkok, 1997.
5. RWEDP (2000), Wood Energy, Climate and Health: International Expert Consultation,
Summary Report. Field Document No. 58. (Paper of A. Koopmans, "Trends in Wood/Biomass
and other Renewable Energies").
6. Options for Dendro Power in Asia: Report on the Expert Consultation, Manila, Philippines,
RWEDP Field Document No. 57. FAO Regional Wood Energy Development Programme in
Asia, Bangkok, 2000.
7. Others national and international sources of information, including published documents,
journals and newsletters
8. Unified Wood Energy (UWE) Terminology (Draft), FAO Forestry Department, Rome,
November 2001
9. Wood Energy Development: Planning, Policies and Strategies. RWEDP Field Document No.
37 (a, b & c). FAO Regional Wood Energy Development Programme in Asia, Bangkok, 1993.
10. Wood Energy, Climate and Health: An International Expert Consultation. RWEDP Field
Document No. 58. FAO Regional Wood Energy Development Programme in Asia, Bangkok,
2000.
14
11. Wood Fuel Trade in India, Report of the national consultation in Indian Institute of Forest
Management, Bhopal. RWEDP Report No. 57. FAO Regional Wood Energy Development
Programme in Asia, Bangkok, 2001.
12. Websites and CD-ROM of FAO-RWEDP (November 2000) and others:
! http://www.rwedp.org
! http://acre.murdoch.edu.au/ago/biomass/biomass.html
! www.worldenergy.org/wec-geis/publications/f.reports.etwan/exec-summary.asp
! http://afbnet.vtt.fi/
! http://eubionet.vtt/fi
! www.agores.org
15
Instrumentation
(EG851EE)
Objectives:
• To review the basic instrumentation in Electrical Engineering & Electronics.
• To review the basic instrumentation in Mechanical Engineering and understand its application
in Motion and Dimensional Measurements; Force, Torque and shaft Power measurement; Heat
Flux and Temperature Measurement; and Fluid and Pressure Measurement
• To impart the fundamentals of Microprocessor based instrumentation.
• Transducers [4 hrs]
Primary and secondary transducer
Advantage and classification of electrical transducer
16
2. Microprocessor based Instrumentation [8 hrs]
• Introduction to microprocessor
• Microprocessor architecture, memory
• Peripheral devices in microprocessor- A/D and D/A converters, multiplexers, demultiplexers,
encoders, decoders
• Examples of microprocessors based
17
Laboratory Works
Text/Reference Books
18
Renewable Energy System Technology
(EG852ES)
Objectives:
• To provide the general understanding of the energy conversion and the physics of different
types of energy conversion systems.
• To provide knowledge on active and passive solar systems Photovoltaic systems, Wind power
systems, Micro Hydro Systems, OTEC, Wave/Tidal systems and Geothermal systems.
19
5. Energy Conservation and Demand side Management: [7 hrs]
! Thermodynamic of energy conservation, energy conservation through controls, energy
auditing, process heat and steam management, waste heat recovery, electrical energy
conservation in buildings and industries, economics of energy conservation
! Techniques for measuring energy use, approaches to optimizing and monitoring energy use,
design principles to minimize energy use in buildings and devices, analysis of systems,
satellite solar power system, PV cathodic protection, and other related relative costs of
energy conservation and energy production in various appliances
1. Philip G. Hill, Power Generation, Resources, Hazard Technology and Costs, MIT Press, 1977
2. S. P. Sukhatme, Solar Energy, Principles of Thermal Collection and Storage, Tata McGraw
Hill, 1984
3. John W. Twidell and Anthony D. Weir, Renewable Energy Resources, ELBS, 1986
4. S. S. Penner and Iceman, Non-nuclear Energy Technologies, volume I and II, Pergamon Press,
1984
5. Proceedings of International Conference on Role of Renewable Energy Technology for Rural
Development (RETRUD-98), IOE/AEPC/NESS, 1998
6. John A. Duffie, William A Beckman Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes, John Willey and
Sons.
7. Y. Goswami, Principles of Solar Engineering, Talor and Francis, 2000
8. IPCC, Third Assessment Report, 2001
9. John Harte, Consider a Spherical Cow, University Science Books, Mill Valley, California
20
Project Planning and Management
(EG853ME)
Objectives:
• To understand Project Planning and Management tools.
• To provide knowledge on Project Identification, Formulation, Planning and Appraisal, Project
Monitoring & Controlling, Evaluation & Auditing and Organization & Management of
projects.
• To understand contract management and quality management.
21
• Project information system: Needs and reporting
Computer Software:
22
Economics of Energy Projects
(EG854ES)
Objective:
To provide basic concepts and methodologies to conduct financial evaluations and economic
analysis related to energy sector investment projects and/or reviewing and evaluating such work
done by others.
23
! Calculation of social cost
! Benefit-cost ratio
Project work and report has to be submitted at the end of the course on Capital Budgeting of
Energy Project.
Text Books:
1. Chan S. Park, Porteous, Kenneth C. & Zuo Ming J. “Contemporary Engineering Economics: A
Canadian Perspective”, Allison-Wesley Publication Ltd., 1994
2. Bade, Robin & Michel Parkin; “Micro Economics”, Allison-Wesley Publication Ltd., 1994
3. Asian Development Bank, "Economic Analysis of Projects", Manila, 1996
4. IPCC, Third Assessment Report, 2001
5. John Harte, Consider a Spherical Cow, University Science Books, Mill Valley, California
1. Energy economics
2. Energy, the International Journal
3. Energy management
4. Energy policy
5. Petroleum Economist
24
Applied Sociology
(EG855SH)
Objective:
To deals with the social issues normally encountered in third world countries in course of
technology transfer and the use and adaptation to various forms of renewable energy systems in a
family, community and district levels.
1. Introduction: (6 hrs)
• Importance and use of Sociology/Anthropology in engineering
• Sociological/Anthropological perspective and application
• Basic concepts in Sociology and Anthropology, Society and Culture, Norms and Values, Status
and Roles, Religion and Festivals
2. Structures: (4 hrs)
• Social structure, family, Groups, Caste and Ethnic groups, Community and Institutions
3. Community: (4 hrs)
• Indigenous and Appropriate Technology, Community Participation, Value system and
community development forces
4. Gender: (4 hrs)
• Gender issues
• Gender differences and the role of women in energy conservation and development
1. Inkels Alex, What is sociology? Introduction in the discipline and profession, Prentice Hall of
India Pvt. Ltd.
2. Foster G. M., Traditional Culture and impact of Technological Change.
3. Mair, L. Applied Sociology, anthropology.
25
4. Gsanlender A.W. Applied sociology opportunities and problems
5. Regmi, Rishikeshav Raj Dimension of Nepali society and culture. SANN Kathmandu
6. Gurung, Sant Bahadur, Rural Development Approaches in Nepal. Deva Publications,
Kathmandu.
7. Reed & Reed; Nepal in Transition.
8. Gyawali, Dipak; Water Nepal.
9. Pande, Devendra Raj; Failed Development.
10. Bista, Dor B.; Fatalism & Development
11. “Water Nepal, Journal of Water Resource Development”, Vol. 5, No.1, Jan 1997
26
Research Methodology
(EG901SH)
Objectives:
• To prepare the student for the research works ahead.
• To deal with data collection system, measurement system, sampling technique, analysis of data
• To apply the various statistical tools and report writing and presentation.
1. Introduction: [1 hr]
• Objective of research:
• Type of research Criteria of good research
• Problem encountered by researchers
27
6. Methods of data collection processing and analysis: [3 hrs]
• Types of data
• Methods of data collection
• Problem in processing
• Control techniques
Note:
• Student should present the Research Proposal in related field.
• Software: Supporting software like SPSS, Spreadsheet (Microsoft Excel), Database (MS-
ACCESS), etc should be used.
28
Solar Thermal Technology
(EG902ME)
(Elective A)
Objectives:
• To provide in depth understanding of different technical factors involved in the understanding
of solar radiation, collection and their conversion to useful energy resources.
• To deal with different technologies such as solar heating, solar water heating, solar cooling and
so on.
29
4. Radiation Transmission and Absorption: [5 hrs]
! Reflection and Absorption of Radiation
! Transmittance for different radiation
! Transmittance Absorptance product
! Spectral Dependence on Transmission
! Effect of surface layers on Transmission
! Absorbed Solar Radiation
30
10. Solar Cooling: [4 hrs]
! Solar operated Absorption Refrigeration System and its limitations
31
Solar Photovoltaic Technology
(EG903EX)
(Elective A)
Objective:
To provide in depth understanding of the Photovoltaic conversion, Solar cell technology, System
balance, design and application of Solar PV systems.
32
! Tracking concentrators
! Concentrators cell design
! Ultra high efficiency systems
! Single junction devices
! Multi junction devices
! System sizing
Project Assignment
33
Text books, Reference and Journals:
1. Photovoltaic Power Generation, Pulfrey, D. L., 1978
2. Solar Cell for Photovoltaic Generation of Electricity, 1979
3. Solar cells, Green M.A. 1992
4. Relevant recent articles published in professional journals
5. Solar Engineering, D. Goswami, 1999
34
Micro Hydro Power
(EG904ES)
(Elective A)
Objectives:
• To deal in depth the application of Micro hydro systems from mechanical and electrical
perspective.
• To provide knowledge on selection of appropriate machines for Micro hydro application in a
rural setting.
6. Production Uses Promotion and strategy for MHP based electrification [4 hrs]
• Introduction, targets, primary and secondary users, ownership structure, organization of MHP,
concept of mini local grids
35
7. Installation, Commissioning and Testing [2 hrs]
• Detail Project Report (DPR) preparation, planning, transportation, installation, operation,
commissioning and testing
A Case study report will be prepared on running and failure of micro hydro power plants.
36
Biogas Technology
(EG905ES)
(Elective A)
Objective:
To provide in depth knowledge on physical, chemical, biological processes, production technology,
uses and limitations of bio-gas (methane) utilization of bio-gas for energy generation, including
optimized production safety in storage as well as commercial viability of wide scale application.
2. Bio-chemical and Physical constituents of cow dung, chicken manure, human excreta,
municipal solid waste etc. from the point of view of bio-gas production [2 hrs]
• Different types of gaseous energy derived from biomass resources applying diverse
technologies (e.g. Pyrolytic gas, CH4, C2H6, Producer Gas, Land fill gas etc.)
37
7. Biogas in relation to other disciplines: [6 hrs]
• Overall rating of biogas plants, sufficiency of biogas production in winter and summer, biogas
versus women in the developing countries, biogas versus agriculture, biogas versus forest,
ecology and environment, biogas versus health and sanitation, impact of biogas on various
smoke-borne diseases.
38
Laboratory Works:
39
Bio-Fuel Technology
(EG906ES)
(Elective A)
Objective:
To provide knowledge about non woody biomass resources, supply potentials, Physical, Chemical,
Biological and biotechnological process of conversion, application technologies, scope of
utilization, limitations in storage, transport as safe handling and economic feasibility
40
6. Bio-diesel Resources: [6 hrs]
• Selection of raw materials
• Detailed aspects of bio-fuel production
• Purification and concentration alkyd esters
• Material and combustion characteristics evaluation of bio-diesel
• Enhancement of fuel property of alkyd ester
• Production of bio-diesel fuel.
41
11. Characterization of bio-hydrocarbon: [3 hrs]
• Material & combination characteristic evaluation of bio hydrocarbon.
• Calorific value determination of bio hydrocarbon
• Physio - chemical characteristic determination of bio hydrocarbon.
• Application of bio-hydrocarbon to subsitute commercial fuel
Laboratory Works:
42
Wood Energy Technology
(EG907ES)
(Elective A)
Objective:
To enhance knowledge of the physico-chemical properties of different forms of wood and non-
wood solid biomass fuel; wood and non-wood biomass energy resources, management and
distribution systems; technologies applied for different end uses and sectors, limitations, and the
systems of their production, transportation and supply.
1. Wood and non-wood biomass solid biomass fuel related terminology and general
introduction: (9 hrs)
• Definition of wood and non-wood biomass fuels, terminology, need for standardization of the
terminology
• Common traditional biomass fuels in solid forms (i.e. firewood, charcoal, residues of crops and
animals), historical background and contribution in total primary energy consumption,
• Share of solid biomass fuels in the national, regional energy consumption and the newly
emerging trends and the scenario of biomass energy in the context of renewable energy
development globally.
• Contribution of biomass fuels to the local socio-economy through income and employment
generation and to the national economy through import substitution in the developing countries
of Asia
• Common solid biomass fuel resources and the systems of production/recovery and utilization
2. Wood and non-wood solid biomass fuel resources & production systems: (14 hrs)
43
Other production systems (indirect woodfuel and recovered woodfuel):
Indirect woodfuel, wood wastes and by-products in wood and paper industries available for fuel,
and the methods of assessing its sustainable supply potential.
Recovered woodfuel from different sources like wood from demolition of old construction,
abandoned furniture, packing materials, driftwood (along riverbanks and coastal areas) etc. and the
method for assessing its supply potential.
Specific variables:
Source of provision, saturation or penetration, multiple fuel use, substitution, end uses, activities,
fuel burning means, consumption, measuring average day, and direct measurement.
Methods of data collection: rapid and detail surveys
Specific variables:
Stocks, productivity, availability and accessibility
Methods of data collection: rapid and detail surveys
44
Specific Variables:
Types of provision (flow): self-provision, commercial provision, periodicity of provision, cost of
woodfuel, market network, price setting for woodfuel, woodfuel values,
Methods of data collection: rapid and detail surveys
Laboratory works:
Solid biomass fuel conversion into secondary and final energy forms:
1. Charcoal making
2. Saw dust/Charcoal Briquetting
3. Gasification (low cost, small-scale gasifiers)
45
6. Regional Study on Wood Energy Today and Tomorrow in Asia. RWEDP Field Document No.
50. FAO Regional Wood Energy Development Programme in Asia, Bangkok, 1997.
7. RWEDP (2000). Wood Energy, Climate and Health: International Expert Consultation,
Summary Report. Field Document No. 58, (Paper of A. Koopmans, "Trends in Wood/Biomass
and other Renewable Energies").
8. Options for Dendro Power in Asia: Report on the Expert Consultation, Manila, Philippines.
RWEDP Field Document No. 57. FAO Regional Wood Energy Development Programme in
Asia, Bangkok, 2000.
9. Others national and international sources of information, including published documents,
journals and newsletters.
10. Unified Wood Energy (UWE) Terminology (Draft), FAO Forestry Department, Rome,
November 2001.
11. Wood Energy Development: Planning, Policies and Strategies, RWEDP Field Document No.
37 (a, b &c). FAO Regional Wood Energy Development Programme in Asia, Bangkok, 1993.
12. Wood Energy, Climate and Health: An International Expert Consultation. RWEDP Field
Document No. 58. FAO Regional Wood Energy Development Programme in Asia, Bangkok,
2000.
13. Wood Fuel Trade in India, Report of the national consultation in Indian Institute of Forest
Management, Bhopal. RWEDP Report No. 57. FAO Regional Wood Energy Development
Programme in Asia, Bangkok, 2001.
14. Websites
! http://www.rwedp.org
! http://acre.murdoch.edu.au/ago/biomass/biomass.html
! www.worldenergy.org/wec-geis/publications/f.reports.etwan/exec-summary.asp
! http://afbnet.vtt.fi/
! http://eubionet.vtt.fi
! www.agores.org
46
Wind Energy Technology
(EG908ES)
(Elective A)
Objective:
To provide the fundamental of Wind energy , applications, system involved, types of machines, and
their selection.
1. Introduction: [5 hrs]
• Historical evaluation of wind power technology.
• The use of wind power, energy budgets, wind resources, demand and climate change,
• Wind power applications systems – wind power for large and small scale utilization, water
pumping, grinding and electricity generation etc.
47
6. Legal Issues: [2 hrs]
• Legal and social issues (noise, aesthetics and others)
1. Use of measuring instruments: pitot tube, inclined tube manometer, anemometer, orifice plate
meter for wind
2. Dispersion of a jet
3. Head losses at bends and elbows in wind tunnel
4. Study of lift and drag forces on wind blades
5. Study of different components of wind turbine and generator Study of performance
characteristics curves for wind machines
6. Gear and mechanical power transmission in wind energy generator
48
New Renewable Energy Technologies (NRETs)
(EG909ES)
(Elective A)
Objectives:
• To understand the fundamentals of Geothermal energy and long shaft pumps and the properties
of piping materials normally used in Geothermal applications.
• To understand OTEC power systems and Hydrogen fuel systems.
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2. Hydrogen Energy: [4 hrs]
• Brief history of hydrogen fuel
• Sources of hydrogen
• Availability of hydrogen
• Current production and storage techniques of hydrogen and their uses
• Future scope of hydrogen fuel
• Hydrogen storage and safety
• Fuel cell (metal hydride, liquid hydrogen)
Laboratory Works
1. Water quality analysis for (a): Temperature (b): pH (c): Soluble salts (d): BOD and COD
(Students are required to be familiar about the test, test principle and procedures but needn't
have hands in experiments)
2. Study of the characteristics of some Hot Springs. (at site)
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Environmental Impacts and Climate Change
(EG915ES)
(Elective A)
Objective:
The course will apply basic principles of physics and chemistry to analyze and quantify the
environmental impacts of energy use. Environmental impacts and climate change will be studied at
three levels: local, regional, and global. Quantification will stress back of the envelope calculations,
estimation techniques, modeling, stocks and flows, equilibrium and feedback.
Components:
Impacts at the local level: Air Pollution from burning of fossil fuels; Indoor Air Pollution,
Hydropower.
Regional Environmental Impacts: Trajectories of air pollution, Acid Rain, Environmental impacts
of nuclear power.
Course Outline:
2. Energy measurement units and conversion factors. Quantitative tools for environmental
problem solving: mass balance, stocks and flows, residence times. Energy flow on earth.
[1 hr]
3. Energy sources: Fossil fuels – Utilization, production, and reserves of coal, petroleum, and
natural gas. Production and use of nuclear energy. Use of biomass energy and
deforestation. [1 hr]
4. Air pollution: Particulates, lead, health impacts of sulphur and nitrogen compounds,
ground-level ozone, photochemical smog. [1.5 hrs]
5. Air pollution: Indoor air pollution, dose response, energy ladder. [1.5 hrs]
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6. Hydropower: Benefits and impacts – abatement of air pollution and CO2. Impacts of
inundation on biodiversity, displacement of people. Impacts on fish, reservoir siltation.
[1 hr]
7. Acid deposition: Source, pathways, impacts, mitigation. Tropospheric air pollution. [2 hrs]
10. Climate change: Radiation balance, atmospheric and ocean circulations. Historic climate
change, El Nino. [2 hrs]
11. Climate change: Feedback effects, impacts of land use, albedo, clouds, ocean storage of
CO2. [2 hrs]
12. Climate change: Impacts and consequences: sea level rise, changes in monsoon, glacial
melt, floods and droughts, health, pests in agriculture. [2 hrs]
13. Climate change: GHGs and energy use, inventory of GHGs, the carbon cycle. [3 hrs]
14. Climate change: Mitigation options – renewable energy, energy efficiency, fuel
substitution, cleaner production. [4 hrs]
15. Climate change: Clean Development Mechanism. Emissions under baseline and mitigation
projects. [4 hrs]
16. Climate change: Carbon trade. Economic analysis of CDM and other GHG mitigation
projects. [4 hrs]
18. Climate change: Global response. UNFCCC. Kyoto Protocol. Commitment periods. Equity
and climate change. [3 hrs]
Practical:
a. Research paper on one local impact of energy use: indoor air pollution, outdoor air pollution, or
hydropower.
b. Research paper on one regional impact of energy use: acid rain, nuclear radiation.
c. Development of a Project Idea Note for a CDM project.
d. Modeling assessment on Environment Impact and Climate Change
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References and journals:
1. Abbasi, S.A., and Abbasi, N., 2001, Renewable energy sources and their environmental impact,
Prince hall of India, New Delhi.
2. Ahmed, K., 1994, Renewable energy technologies: a review of the status and costs of selected
technologies, The world Bank, Washington, D.C.
3. Asian Development Bank, 1991, Environmental considerations in energy development, Asian
Development Bank.
4. Chandra, D., and Srinivasan, P.R., 1990, Energy scope, South Asian Publishers, New Delhi.
5. Christensen, J.M., Halsnaes, K., Sathaye, J. (eds.), Mitigation and Abatement Cost
Assessment: Concepts, Methods and Appropriate Use, UNEP Collaborating Centre on Energy
and Environment, Riso National Laboratory, Denmark, 1998.
6. Cline, W.R., The Economics of Global Warming, Institute for International Economics,
Washington, D.C. 1992.
7. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1997, Energy and environment
basics, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Bangkok.
8. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1991, Energy for sustainable rural
development projects, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.
9. Grubb, M., Vrolijk, C., Brack, D., The Kyoto Protocol, Earthscan, London, 1999.
10. Harte, J., 1998 Consider a Spherical Cow: A Course in Environmental Problem
Solving. University Science Publishers, 1988.
11. Harvey, L.D.D., Climate and Global Environmental Change, Prentice Hall, 2000.
12. Holdren, J.P., Smith, K.R. 2000. “Energy, the environment, and health”. Pp62-110. World
Energy Assessment. UNDP, UNDESA, World Energy Council.
http://www.undp.org/seed/eap/activities/wea/drafts-frame.html.
13. Hollander J.M., 1992, The energy environment connection, Island press, Washington, D.C.
14. http://cdm.unfccc.int/
15. http://unfccc.int/2860.php
16. http://www.Fossilfuels.org
17. http://www.ipcc.ch/
18. International Energy Agency, 1991, Greenhouse gas emissions: the energy dimension,
OECD/IEA, France.
19. International Energy Agency, 1997, Key issues in developing renewables, OECD/IEA, France.
20. International Energy Agency, 2002, World energy outlook, OECD/IEA, France.
21. IPCC 2001, Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. IPCC Third Assessment Report.
22. IPCC 2001, Climate Change 2001: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. IPCC Third
Assessment Report.
23. IPCC 2001, Climate Change 2001: Mitigation. IPCC Third Assessment Report.
24. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Special Report on Emission Scenarios,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000.
25. IPCC, 1996, Technologies, policies and measures for mitigating climate change, IPCC.
26. Johansson, T., et al, 1993, Renewable energy: sources for fuels and electricity, Island press,
Washington, D.C.
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27. Leitmann, J., 1996, Energy environment – linkages in the urban sector, World Bank,
Washington, D.C.
28. New Energy Foundation, 2001, New and renewable energy in Japan, New energy foundation,
Japan.
29. Nordhaus, W.D., Managing the Global Commons: The Economics of Climate Change, The
MIT Press, Cambridge, USA, 1994.
30. Pearson, C.S., Economics and the Global Environment, Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge, UK, 2000.
31. Renewable energy: GEF partners with business for a better world Bank,
http://www.gefweb.org/Outreach/outreachPUblications/.
32. Smith, K.R. Homepage of Prof. Kirk R. Smith –
http://ehs.sph.berkeley.edu/krsmith/page.asp?id=1
33. Shepherd, W. and Shepherd D.W., 1998, Energy studies, Imperial College Press, London .
34. Swisher, J., Jannuzzi, G., and Redlinger, R., 1997, Tools and methods for integrated resources
planning: improving energy efficiency and protecting the environment, Riso National
Laboratory, Denmark.
35. Tilling, S., Nisbet A., and Chell, K., 1990, Acid rain: a practical GCSE coursework guide, Field
studies council, Shrewsbury SY4 1HW.
36. Trudeau, P.E., 1991, Energy for a habitable world: A call for action, Crane Russak, New York.
37. Winteringham, F. P. W., 1992, Energy use and the environment, Lewis Publishers, London.
38. Watson, R, T., Zinyowera, M.C., Moss, R.H. (eds.), Technologies, policies, and Measures for
Mitigating Climate Change, IPCC Technical Paper No. 1, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change, 1996.
Journals:
- Climate Policy
- The Energy Journal
- Energy Policy
- Resource and Energy Economics
- Energy-The International Journal
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Energy Planning and Management
(EG910ES)
(Elective B)
Objectives:
• To deal with the macro and micro level planning and management of energy systems.
• To understand energy pricing, evaluation of microeconomic impacts, Energy demand analysis,
Supply Projection and dealing with uncertainties.
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• End use energy demand
• Demand forecast and generation expansion plans
• Solving energy systems (matrix formulation, optimization, etc.)
• Incorporating environmental dimension in reference energy system solving
Laboratory works:
The laboratory works shall consists of case studies and energy scenarios planning using
professional software like Long Range Energy Alternative Planning System (LEAP), RETScreen,
Market Allocation (MARKEL) etc. depending upon their availability.
Computer Software
LEAP, RETScreen, MARKAL
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Energy Auditing Analysis and Conservation
(EG911ES)
(Elective B)
Objective:
To deal with the energy auditing and the efficient use of energy in a given system.
1. Introduction: [2 hrs]
• General principal
• Importance of energy conservation and Demand Management
• Organization of energy conservation and Demand Management
• Energy conservation and Demand Management plan
3. Fuels: [3 hrs]
• Types of fuels
• Common fuels and industries
• Combustion basics
• Fuel firing
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6. Co-generation: [2 hrs]
• Topping cycle, bottoming cycle
Laboratory works:
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4. J. Kriecher and A. Rabl, “Heating and Cooling of Buildings”
5. IES Lighting Handbook, Reference and Application Volume, IESNA
6. Thumann, Lighting Efficiency, Application, Fairmount Press
7. Solar Energy; Light and Energy; ASHRAE transactions
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System Integration
(EG912ES)
(Elective B)
Objectives:
• To deal with the optimization of different energy resources for a given situation.
• To deal with integrating the different energy systems for the best optimal use, both in analytical
terms as well as the use of appropriate instruments.
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• Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables (HOMER) for design analysis
• Case study
Laboratory Works:
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Design and Manufacturing
(EG 914ME)
(Elective B)
Objectives:
• To develop and consider the application of proper material selection, design and drawing
• To understand the manufacturing aspects for the research related renewable energy engineering
works.
Laboratory Exercises:
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Textbook, Reference and Journals:
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