ES 111.1 – ENGINEERING DRAWINGS AND PLANS, LAB.

MODULE NO.: 2
TOPIC: USE OF ARCHITECTURAL AND ENGINEERING SCALE
FREEHAND SKETCHING AND LETTERING TECHNIQUES
WRITER: AR. JAHARA N. CUERDO, UAP

Opening Prayer:

A STUDENT'S PRAYER (by St. Thomas Aquinas)

Come, Holy Spirit, Divine Creator, true source of light and fountain of wisdom!
Pour forth your brilliance upon my dense intellect, dissipate the darkness which
covers me, that of sin and of ignorance.
Grant me a penetrating mind to understand, a retentive memory, method and
ease in learning, the lucidity to comprehend, and abundant grace in expressing
myself.
Guide the beginning of my work, direct its progress, and bring it to successful
completion.
This I ask through Jesus Christ, true God and true man, living and reigning with
You and the Father,
forever and ever.
Amen.
Welcome to Engineering Drawings and Plans Course. This Course that is outlined to
introduce what is Engineering Drawings and Plans is all about. This material will serve as
your guide to effectively exploring and finishing the course. This material outlines all
information and requirements that you need to complete the course.
ES 111.1 – ENGINEERING DRAWINGS AND PLANS, LAB.

COURSE CONTENT/SUBJECT MATTER SPECIFIC LEARNING OUTCOMES: ESTIMATE TIME

At the end of the course, I should be able to:
I. Use of architectural and engineering  To discuss the proper techniques in the 3 hrs.
scale sketch preparations.
A. Measuring components of working  To explain the importance of
drawings dimensioning as measurement
B. Preparing sketches components of a working drawing.
 To demonstrate how to use the different
II. Freehand sketching and lettering drawing tools and instruments in making
techniques professional drawings.
A. Use of tools  To explain the different rules and
Professional standards regulations of professional drawing
standards.

Focus question:
What are the different rules and regulations of professional drawing and lettering standards?
ES 111.1 – ENGINEERING DRAWINGS AND PLANS, LAB.

Technical Lettering is a barren piece of engineering drawing. It gives data concerning measures, and guidelines, as notes and measurements. On a
drawing, the entire of the composed data is consistently through lettering. It isn't manually written. Likewise, it very well might be added here, that Lettering is
fitting and right words however not (Printing implies
the creation of literature on a print machine)

 Lettering
The writing of alphabets and numerals such as A, B,
C, D……………………. Z and 1, 2, 3……………9, 0
respectively is called Lettering.
Mainly, there are two types of lettering most
commonly used in engineering drawing viz. Gothic
Lettering and Roman Lettering.

 Classification of Lettering
The lettering, in general, is classified in two

 Gothic Lettering
 Roman Lettering

categories:
Gothic Lettering
Lettering having all the alphabets or numerals of
uniform thickness is called Gothic Lettering.

 Vertical Gothic Lettering

 Italic or Inclined Gothic Lettering.
ES 111.1 – ENGINEERING DRAWINGS AND PLANS, LAB.

Roman Lettering
The lettering in which all the letters are formed by thick and thin elements is called Roman Lettering.
ES 111.1 – ENGINEERING DRAWINGS AND PLANS, LAB.

It may be vertical or inclined or inclined. It can be written with a chisel pointed Pencil or D-3 type Speed Ball Pen.
ES 111.1 – ENGINEERING DRAWINGS AND PLANS, LAB.

Free Hand Lettering

The writing of alphabets without the use of drawing instruments and in free hand is called Free Hand Lettering.
It may be vertical or Inclined Gothic Lettering.
ES 111.1 – ENGINEERING DRAWINGS AND PLANS, LAB.

Mechanical Lettering
In Mechanical Lettering, standard uniform characters that are executed with a special pen held in a scriber and guided by a template. Mechanical lettering does
not normally require the use of lettering guidelines. You will use mechanical lettering principally for title blocks and notes on drawings, marginal data for special
maps, briefing charts, display charts, graphs, titles on photographs, signs, and any other time that clear, legible, standardized lettering is required. One of the
most popular types of mechanical lettering sets is the LEROY lettering set.
The Mechanical Lettering is sometimes done using special type of device called a Pantograph.
A PANTOGRAPH is basically a device consisting of four links which are pinned to each
other in a parallelogram fashion. The links can move about the hinge. The lowermost link
of the parallelogram is fixed to two rigid supports. One vertical link at one end is
connected to a profile tracer which traces the profile of the letter to be drawn and the
second vertical link and the other horizontal link are jointly connected to a pencil that
draws the exact shape of the profile traced.
 Height of Lettering
The height "h" of the capital letter is taken as the base of dimensioning.
The main requirement of lettering on engineering drawing are legibility, uniformity, ease
and rapidity in execution.
Both upright and inclined letter are suitable for general use. All letters should be capital,
except where lower case letters are accepted internationally for abbreviations.
The recommended size of lettering is as under :-

ITEM SIZE h, mm
Drawing number in Title Block and letters denoting Cutting Plane Section 10, 12
Title of Drawing 6, 8
Sub-titles and Headings 3, 4, 5, 6,
Notes, such as Legends, Schedules, Material list, Dimensioning 3, 4, 5
Alteration, Entries and Tolerances 2, 3
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 Guide Lines
The light thin lines drawn to obtain uniform and correct height of letters are called Guide Lines.
Guide line should be drawn very light and thin, so that, they need not be erased after the lettering is finished. To erase guide lines after finishing the lettering is
not easily possible. Guide line for capital and lower case lettering.

Guide Lines Guide Lines

Source: https://edengdrawing.blogspot.com/2013/02/technical-lettering.html
ES 111.1 – ENGINEERING DRAWINGS AND PLANS, LAB.

Plate No. 2 (Lines: Freehand

Drawing)
Instructions:
1. Plate format is the same as with
the previous plate. But change
the name of the plate and its
number.
2. Alphabet of Lines must be
freehand lettering.
3. In 12 equal squares that
contains different line exercises
must be freehand.
4. Take a look the sent A3 size
PDF version of this plate
because it will serve as your
guide but do not print it as it is
your plate.
5. Plates should be done on a A3
size paper, using the right
material.
6. Do not cheat. Do a short time lapse video doing your work and a selfie. Do not let anyone do your work.
7. Sent it the assigned google classroom with a final output (picture of your work) on or before the deadline.
8. Make your plate neat and freehand drawing.
9. For further instructions and questions, you can message and text me with the assigned time and schedule at the end of this module.
ES 111.1 – ENGINEERING DRAWINGS AND PLANS, LAB.

Reference in making your Lines – Freehand Drawing: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_w9ivFPBB2s

Plate No. 3 (Engineering Lettering)

Instructions:
1. Plate format is the same as with the
previous plate. But change the name of the
plate and its number.
2. Take a look the sent A3 size PDF version of
this plate because it will serve as your guide
but do not print it as it is your plate.
3. Plates should be done on a A3 size paper,
using the right material.
4. Do not cheat. Do a short time lapse video
doing your work and a selfie. Do not let
anyone do your work.
5. Sent it the assigned google classroom with a
final output (picture of your work) on or
before the deadline.
6. Make your plate neat and freehand drawing.
7. For further instructions and questions, you
can message and text me with the assigned
time and schedule at the end of this module.

Reference in making your Engineering Lettering:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=onJIaSAkiEs
ES 111.1 – ENGINEERING DRAWINGS AND PLANS, LAB.

RUBRIC
Criteria Outstanding Very Satisfactory Satisfactory Fair AVERAGE/CRITERIA
16 – 20% 11 – 15% 6 – 10% 0 – 5%
Project Size/Completeness The drawing is quite The drawing is a little The drawing is not The drawing is not
detailed/complex. detailed/complex. detailed or intricate. detailed or intricate.
There are no missing There are a few Some lines, Some lines,
lines, measurements, missing lines, measurements, or other measurements, or
or other drafting dimensions, or other drafting aspects are other drafting aspects
aspects in the drawing. drafting aspects in missing from the are missing from the
the drawing. drawing. drawing.
Line Quality Lines that are crisp, a few wavy lines, line Inconsistent lines, wavy Lines are not straight
clear, and constant wavers little off grid lines, and a dull pencil since no ruler or
(Object lines stand lines straight edge was
out) used.
Neatness There are no smudges a smear or two three or four eraser or 5 or more smudges or
or eraser marks. eraser marks smudge marks eraser markings
Accuracy There are no errors in One or two Three or four dimensions More than five
the drawing's dimensions are are incorrect. dimensions are
dimensions. incorrect. incorrect.
Title Block All information is Handwriting is a little Handwriting is sloppy or Handwriting is
present, and the sloppy, or one piece two bits of information illegible, and more
penmanship is neat of information is are missing. than three things are
and legible. missing. missing.
TOTAL AVERAGE
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ES 111.1 – ENGINEERING DRAWINGS AND PLANS, LAB.

RECOMMENDED LEARNING MATERIALS

Books:
 Architectural Graphics. Ching, Francis D. K. Latest Edition
 A First Course in Engineering Drawing. Rathnam, K. 2018
 Engineering Drawing with Worked Examples. Parker, M.A./ Pickup, F. Latest Edition
 Textbook of Engineering Drawing Second Edition. Reddy, K. Venkata. 2008

Internet-related services:
 Google
 Youtube
ES 111.1 – ENGINEERING DRAWINGS AND PLANS, LAB.

QUOTE OF THE MODULE:

ES 111.1 – ENGINEERING DRAWINGS AND PLANS, LAB.

Post-Assessment:
Question Yes With Help No Remarks
1. Are you able to make lines using freehand
methods?
2. Are you able to make an engineering lettering both
freehand and mechanical?

Module Evaluation:
Very Satisfactory Satisfactory Good Fair Need Improvement

COMMENTS AND REMARKS:

ES 111.1 – ENGINEERING DRAWINGS AND PLANS, LAB.

Closing Prayer:

PRAYER AFTER STUDY

Almighty God, the Source of all wisdom and knowledge, I thank You profoundly for giving me the opportunity to study for this subject/course/field.
Thank You for allowing me to grow and mature in intellect through my studies.
As I momentarily end my study for today, help me to fully absorb and understand the new knowledge and learning that I have encountered. Help me
to sow and properly cultivate the seeds of learning so that I may be able to joyfully reap in the future its sweet fruits.
May you continue to grant me with the grace to never get tired of learning about Your creation. May my studies bring me closer to You and to the
Truth. May it open my eyes to the various manifestations of Your love for us.
May the knowledge that I have gained and I will further gain, allow me to serve You and Your people better. May it help me to be an agent of Your
peace and love in this world.
May I look forward to my next study session and to the continuation, in general, of my studies which I humbly offer and consecrate to You.
I ask all of these in the Name of Jesus Christ, the Fount of Every Blessing, and through the intercession of Mother Mary, the Seat of Wisdom.
AMEN
ES 111.1 – ENGINEERING DRAWINGS AND PLANS, LAB.

Instructor’s Profile:
Here’s my brief information and contact information, please feel free to contact me if you have concern about this
course. I will be glad to help you. God Bless You!
NAME: AR. JAHARA N. CUERDO, UAP
OFFICE: University of Santo Tomas – Legazpi
College of Engineering, Architecture & Fine Arts
POSITION: Faculty
CONTACT INFORMATION:
MOBILE NUMBER: 09153985816
EMAIL ADDRESS: jhars.0990@gmail.com
FACEBOOK ACCOUNT: Jahara N. Cuerdo (Official Account)
CONTACT TIME:
Time Day Type of Communication
8:00am – 5:00pm Monday - Friday Text, Email & Messenger Only
6:00pm – 10:00pm Monday - Friday Call, Text, Email & Messenger
9:00pm – 11:30pm Saturday Call, Text, Email & Messenger
*Face-to-face consultation is by appointment basis, please set appointment at least a day before your intended date of consultation. Health and Safety protocols will be
strictly implemented.
*Please text me and identify yourself, ask whether it’s a convenient time to call before you make a call.