34° Anatomy & Physiology Coloring Workbook Anatomy of a Generalized Cell 2, Using the list of terms on the following page, correctly label all ceil parts indicated by leader lines in Figure 3-1. Then select different colors for each structure and use them to color the coding circles and the corresponding structures in the iBustration, cytosol Vacuole Figure 3-1Chapter 3 Cells and Tissues 35. © Plasma membrane © Mitochondrion CO cantictets) © Nuclear membrane Chromatin thread(s) Nueleolus Golgi apparatus © ough endoplasmic reticulum ER) O Microvilli Smooth endoplismic reticulum (ER) . Figwe 3-2 is a diagram of « portion of a plasma membrane, Select three dif- ferem colors and color the coding circles and the corresponding structures in the diagram. Then respond to the questions that follow, referring to Figure 3.2 and insert your answers in the answer blanks. ) Protein molecules Phospholipid molecules) Carbohydrate molecules i Cell Exterior Celt Interior Figure 3-2 1. Name the carboydrate-ich aren atthe cell surface (indicated by bracket A), GX ycacalyy 2. Which label, B or C; indicates the nonpolar region of a phospholipid moteculer _C. ip eere Does nonpolar mean hydrophobic or hydrophilic 14 do D hola C 4, What are two roles of the membrane proteins? miheo Fyre, ‘Chapter 3 Cells and Tisues 37 5, Relative to cellular organelles, circle the term or phrase that docs not belong in each of the following groupings 1. Peroxisomes Enzymatic breakdown Cenitioles) Lysosomes 2. Microtubules Intermediate filaments ‘Onaskelewon Cilia) 3, Ribosomes Rough ER Protein synthes 4, Mitochondrion ATP production — Caan A Sora 5, Contriotes Cilia Flagella 6. ER Naclear pores Giboromes) “Transport vesicles Golgi apparatus 7. Nucleus DNA Gjsowormes» Chromatin Nucleolus 6. Name the cytoskeletal element Gnicrotubules, microfilaments, or intermediate filaments) descrihed by each of the following phrases: MivexsGuhe's 1. Give the cell its shape Tectermnediode, PUSS version placed on 4 cel Wyre sss 3, Radiate from the cell center WicvoAlamewk’ 4 Involved in moving intracellular structares Entey adi oe, 5. are the most suble Wicwivbuie 6. Have the thickest diameter 7. Different organelles are abundant indifferent cell types. Match the cell types ‘with their abundant organelles by selecting a leter from the key choices: Rey Choices ‘A. Mitochondria, Rough ER E. Microfilaments —G. Intermediate filaments B. Smooth ER D, Peroxisomes —F. Lysosomes Hi, Golgi apparatus 41. Cell lining the small intestine (assembles fats) .. White blood cell; a phagocyte Liver cell that detoxifies carcinogens 4, Muscle cell (contractile cell) 5. Mucus-secreting cell (secretes a protein product) 6. Cell at external skin surface (withstands friction and tension) EPERPRE 7. Kidney tubule cell (makes and uses lange amounts of ATP)38 Anatomy & Physiology Coloring Workbooks Cell Physiology Membrane Transport 8. Figure 3~4 shows a semipermeable sac, containing 496 ) M6 glucose, and 10% albumin, suspended in a solution with the following composition: 10% cl, 1036 glucose, and 40% albumin, Assume the sac is permeable to all substances except albumin. Using the key choices, insert the letter indicating the correct event in the answer blanks. Key Choices ‘A. Moves into the sic BL Moves out of the sic. Does not move eta ay 1. Glucose 3, Albumin pssisieen sv Masauasaeanseaaa en cg 9. Figure 4. NaCl 10% NaCt 10% Glucose 40% Albumin Sac contains: 4% NaCl 9% Glucose 40% Albumin Figure 3-4 shows three microscopic fields (A-C} containing red blood cells. Arrows indicate the direction of net osmosis. Respond to the following questions, referring to Figure 3-5, by inserting your responses in the spaces provided. 1 Which microscopic field contains a hypertunic solution? The cells in this field are suid to be (Ye NWxt Which microscopic field contains an isotonic bathing solution? What does isoronic mean? ‘Stas, Solute Conguchadyen ends Ac lo ck Woe cob Which microscopic field contains a hypotonic solution? | = What is happening to the cells in this field and way? Layet| lune, (ole kay, ies ONChapter 3 Cells and Tissues 39 Figure 3-5 nplified diagram of the plasma ne, Structure A : B represents an transport protein that does dructures and the membrane proteins constructing 2 pore, solute pump, and structure C is on energy from ATP. Identify ¢ phospholipids by cofor before continuis CO sohute pump ©) Passive transpon protein carrier) Phospholipids Amino acid cell Steroid H,0 exterior1, Select the key choices that characterize each of the following statements Insert the appropriate answers in the answer blanks, Key Choices A. Active transport D. Exocytosis G. Phagocytosis, B. Diffusion, simple E, Facilitated diffusion H. Pinocytosis, G. Diffusion, osposis Fileation 1. Receptormediated endocytosis eeu teal hes, Y Engultment processes that require ATP riktteagd SRR se PO asc. “OS Baven by molecular energy + Eiltvedion, 3. Driven by hydrostatic (fluid) pressure (typically blood pressure Senge Uh in the body) aes DR BCE SEEcr BiGeees 4, Moves down a concenuration gradient Pm fidave Vroonnge'ss. Moves up against} a concentration gradient; requires a carrier 6 WKuSon Amg6. Moves small or lipid-soluble sofutes through the membrane fs He fuse rlewaga 7, Transports amino acids and Na* through the plasma membrane RSS Pen kd Ene pent fox! feos at a eS SARE anspor DGUE | G “Prespcetysts. 9. A means of bringing fairly large particles into the cell v Edcocu busts 10. Used to eject wastes and to secrete cell products © Each Saas 11. Membrane transport using channels or carrier proteins that does Dien ‘not require ATPila Chapter 3 Celis and Tissues 41 Cell Division 42. The following statements provide an overview of the siructure of DNA (genetic material) and its role in the body. Choose responses from the key choices that complete the statements, Insert the appropriate answers in the answer blanks Key Choices A. Adenine G. Enzymes M. Nucleotides 8, Ribosome B. Amino acids H. Genes N. Old 7, Sugar (deoxyribose) C. Bases 1. Growth Q. Phosphate U, Template, or model D, Coons J. Guanine P. Proteins V. Thymine Complementary K. Helix Q. Replication W. Transcription F, Cytosine L, New R, Repair X Uriel) Byodsin 1. DNA molecules contain information for building specific oy _G)_ In a three-dimensional view, @ DNA molecule looks Mal 2. ikea spiral staircase; this is correctly called 2 _(@)_. The con- stant parts of DNA molecules are the (G2 and my cules, forming the DINA-ladder uprights, or backbones. The information of DNA is actually coded in the sequence of nitsogen-containing _(5)_, which are bound together to form the “rungs” of the DNA ladder. When the four DNA bases are combined in cifferentthes-base sequences, called tiple different _(@)_ of the protein are called for. It is said that the Nace bases of DNA are _(2)_, which means that only > _Premine Adds 6. Soonfunoydeand 7. centain bases can fit or interact together. Specifically, this aa y means that _(8) can bind with guanine, and adenine binds Cutosins 8 with 9. The production of proteins involves the cooperation of DNA and RNA. RNA is another type of nucleic acid that serves as a “molecular slave” to DNA. That is, it leaves the nucleus and carries out the instructions of the DNA for the building of a protein on a cytoplasmic structure called a _(0)_. When a NO po uheoinded 12, _ Cell is preparing to divide, in order for its daughter cells to z have all is information, it must oversee the (11) of its DNA \) ewWdc|adekss so thar a "double dase’ of genes is present for a brief period. ine | For DNA synthesis 10 oceus, the DNA must uncoil, and the ~ tw 14, bonds between the N bases must be broken, Then the two single strands of 2) each act 2s a _(3)_for the building of @ whole DNA molecule. When completed, each DNA mole- cule formed is half_(4)_and half _(15)_.. The fact that DNA replicates before a Gell divides ensures that each daughter cett has 4 complete set of, Celt division, which then fol- lows, provides new celis so that _(7)_ and _G)_can occur.42 Anatomy & Physiology Coloring Workbook 13. Identify the phases of mitosis depicted in Figure 3-7 by inserting the correct name in the blank under the appropriate diagram. Then select different colors to represent the structures listed below and use them to color in the coding circles and the comesponding structures in the illustration, (© Nuclear membrane(s), if present © Centiioles Nucleoli, if present CO Spindle fibers © Chromosomes Figure 3-7Chapter 3 Cells and Tissues 43. 14, The following statements describe events that occur during the different phases of mitosis. Identify the phase by choosing the correct response(s) from the key choices and inserting the letter(s) or term(s) in the answer blanks. Key Choices A. Anapbase C. Prophase E, None of these B. Metaphase D, Telophase Chromatin coils and condenses to form deeply staining bodies. centromeres break, and chromosomes begin migration toward opposite poles of the cell 3, The nuclear membrane and nucleoli reappear. 4, When chromosomes cease their poleward movement, this phase begins e WWekouies€ 5, Chromosomes align on the equator of the spindle. The nucicoli and nuclear membrane disappear ‘The spindle forms through the migration of the centrioles. Chromosomal material zeplicates. Chromosomes first appear to be duplex structures. Chromosomes attach to the spindle fibers A cleavage furrow forms during this phase. 2. The nuclear membrane is absent during the entire phase. A cell caries out its ustual metabolic activites, 15, Complete the following statements, Insert your answers in the answer blanks. Muses 1. Division of the _()_ is referred to as mitosis, Cytokinesis is : the division of the _(2)_. The major structural difference Gre Pre between chromatin and chromosomes is that the latter are : (3)_. Chromosomes attach to the spindle fibers by undivided Co hesd 3. Sractures called _G@)_. Ifa cell undergoes nuclear division but ee not cytoplasmic division, the product is a _)_. The structure Law Dromrgnes that acts as a scaffolding for chromosomal attachment and movement is called the _(@_, _(2)_ is the period of cell life 5. when the celf is not involved in division.44° nstomy & Physiology Coloring Workbook Protein Synthesis 36. Figure 3-8 is a diagram illustrating protein synthesis. Select four different colors, and use them to color the coding circles and the corresponding struc- tures in the diagram, Next, using the letters of the genetic code, label the nitrogen bases on strand 2 of the DNA double helix, on the mRNA strands, and On the tRNA molecules. Then, answer the questions that follow referring, to Figure 3-8, inserting your answers in the answer lanks, © Backbones of the DNA double helix ©) RNA molecules Backbone of the mRNA strands © Amino acid molecules Nucteus \.. {Nuclear membrane Figure 3-8 1 Transfer of the genetic message from DNA to mRNA is called __ | powmsowyP ese. Assembly of amino acids according tw the genetic information carried by mRNA is called we ‘The set of three nitrogen bases on tKNA that is complementary to an mRNA codon is called whan mk an Pecado ‘The complementary three-hase sequence on DNA is called a