Ft-A

D . 6 xio" C

_deied as the ato th t e bls chrae io

he fesce blu dhonges in atha qiun medim
a some as that o t fonc elecbasthe force bl
pint chorqu

Poad
dfjned s 1he pchange patnt in the salare
pe unit aho
 =n
I-1-

16
xioe

1-GX 1O
ne 6.2S xio

2.3S4 XIO CN
bheale ao

nideat_roauHAhocked xou_}_oma dhawa o the

92 somu plane
poiat nidenceall li n

Fer aiurapas da and r aelength o4 liht thee

alia s_sine agk foc dence ko hi sihe anale

Mosi deMsded tolar á clet

least deed Lolaur iRed
beïqht othe inaage b h hiaht
e_ohiect
hight aionage ha huigkt qobjtck.
fhuo,-

Paxt-

1 Charqe a scalar 9uoofh

Chaqe a alsasa Lonskud
A Choiqe aluaip quantisc d1
 uli chatq, ans.
*RK chnces scpelo
1

o7The lecdic ield prduted pta it i, tutles .

Elechic eld anqth.

Censicka a poiai dooqe oto 4 ap 5 h e g e 2

at p uwith distance .

Foce bluw ho chonges is

F alcnq OP
F+
alengO
he Elechi ldu

E F

2 aleng op
I 9 osttive hen H i_auy crn the thargit
qdue hen i euauds change

phháionoa iz_uhich Aicd u d d e iaa

aThe jhenomenon in uhich ind dead , Eht abs

h a l ae in the cbasa divn sned bak
t o the Same redivrm is caled Tdtal tind nklechin
b i Thy a i n . Communt cadinovth In ditone
A mrditat dinos liks oerloop

pre
Chjn iee le,

Crmsidtuthe Eikcie jetd_lioe Lt huo shongeaq

1q b placed A B xeaptchely t h distone
Ferce podued by 4 chorgis F= 9Einthe ditclin
elkcdi ield
Fateproduced
eleizked,
by4.chorge is F-qE io the uppait drdi

hi poduecs orqwe (c)

 maqt tuce. oo ne oec X eprliadov des.lrnec

9E x Bc
AB

e=_qE x ABsin0
te qEx( sino
PE so a

Pait-D
18
A

nsidu uo sint chazqu -qk ia phudstA 4 B

sspecaiuelyth thescpaatona3 let 'o the
mid pini ABTake poinP th okstaass blw 0g P
he
The Elechi pedued hy dqchon4e aa pni P he
E 9 alon P

The Elecdic jiH peáuced corge en p b

along_PA

he esulkat aelechi HeldL

E E-EE
 UNo (x-)

U (&O6-'

722> shont dipde

aPy

Ex= P danq PAA

N6

19Guass hw stats that 'the tatal elechic in any-

clased sla.ce isn_ehte spaceis cqual t the.
rne hechoge tnclosecd hy hcsurla.e

Conde o enilenly_choige in tat 1e psnelmagns a

guaain umate shoun 'n he igu.Theux ple
pavad ptrdptediexperclicalor to the_eechric ed is 3ao
T ux Hoaoughparalel dosed nlase is p=Ea
The total u
 EA 0
yuam law
2Chang pan)
In plane shee

Censtds a bia coaue lkas oecal length dRdtszA

GaSid }KL the xeaaciue adoa î, adxK oedan b
Thu obite is_placedat A le Rodis qCurvats be
be R, R
Relachin thxough Mpc
Th ind deni ay tkachio thaouah P andT the
image lantd

AP NOT'_
Hechie ie ld on doe to A_

_alenq Ac

(0.5
13 Xo
O5
13 Xlo NC alma AC

Elkd ield mC due to B

aleng CB

98 X 10 NC alomg CB

E E 10. Xlo NC

te OE4ca0)
 X Xo

Es = kY.} xIO NC
Fe 4 t KIo? NCpall toelechic dipolke