Pr

act
ical
Research1
Quarter3
(
Week2)
 Di
ffer
encesBetweenQuantit
ati
veandQuali
tat
iveResearch
 Ty
pesandexampl esofResearchinDi
ff
erentAreas/Fi
elds
 Ki
ndsofQualit
ati
veResearch,Char
act
eri
sti
cs,Uses,St
rengthsand
Weaknesses

Att
heendoft
helesson,t
helearner
sareexpectedto:
 diff
erenti
atequanti
tat
ivefr
om qual
itat
iver
esearch;
 provideexamplesofresearchi
nareasofinter
est,and
 descr i
becharact
eri
sti
cs,st
rengt
hs,weaknesses,andkindsofqual
i
tat
iver
esear
ch

I
.Int
roduct
ion
Theselessonspr ovidefull
erunderstandi
ngofr esearchwithf ocusondi ff
erencesbet weenquant i
tati
veand
qualit
ativ
er esearch;typesandexampl esofr esearchindiff
erentar eas/
fiel
ds;andki ndsofqual it
ati
ver esearch,charact
eri
sti
cs,uses,
strengthsandweaknesses.Qual it
ativer esearchcanshedt hebestlightoncer tainphenomena;itcanl i
kewi seofferthebestanswer sto
researchinquir
iesacrossfiel
dsordi sciplines.
Qualit
ati
v eresearchhasbeenf oundusef ulandpr oducti
vebyexper tsinmostdi sci
pli
nespar t
icular
lyineducat i
on,technical
communi cat
ion,andbusi ness,thesoci alandbehav i
oralsci
ences,adv er
tisi
ngandsoci alwork.Wi t
houtbei ngconsciousofi t,wear e
i
nf ormall
ydoing“qualit
ativ
er esear
ch”.

I
I.Di
scussi
on

DI
FFERENCESOFQUALI
TATI
VEANDQUANTI
TATI
VERESEARCH

Cr
it
eri
a Qual
i
tat
iveResear
ch Quant
it
ati
veResear
ch
Pur
pose Tounder
stand&i
nter
pretsoci
ali
nter
act
ions Tot esthypot heses, lookatcauseandef f
ect&
makepr edi
ct i
ons
GroupStudi
ed Smal l
er&notr andoml ysel
ected Larger&r andoml ysel ect
ed
Vari
ables Studyoft hewhol e,notv ar
iabl
es Specifi
cv ari
abl esst udied
TypeofDataCol
l
ected Wor ds,i
mages, orobjects Number sandSt ati
st i
cs
Form ofDat
aCol
lect
ed Qualitat
ivedat asuchasopen- endedr
esponses, Quant i
tati
vedat abasedonpr ecisemeasurement
s
i
nt er
views,par t
ici
pantsobser v
ati
ons,
fiel
dnotes, usingst r
uctur ed&v ali
dateddata-col
l
ect
ion
andr efl
ections i
nst r
ument s
TypeofDataAnalysis Identi
fypat ter
ns,feat
ur es,
themes Identi
fystatisticalrelati
onshi
p
Object
ivi
tyandSubject
ivi
ty Subjecti
vityisexpected Objectivi
tyiscr it
ical
Rol
eofResear
cher Researcher&thei
rbi
asesmaybeknownt
o Resear cher&t heirbiasesar enotknownt o
part
ici
pantsinthest
udy,
&part
ici
pant
s parti
cipant sint hest udy&par ti
cipant
charact eristi
csar edel i
beratel
yhi ddenfrom the
researcher( doubl e-bli
ndst udies)
Resul
ts Part
icul
arorspecial
izedfi
ndingsthatisless General izablef indingst hatcanbeappl i
edtoot her
general
i
zable populat i
ons
Sci
ent
if
icMet
hod Expl
orator
yorbot t
om- up:t
heresearchergener
ates Conf ir
mat oryort op- down: theresearcherteststhe
anewhy pothesi
sandt heoryfr
om thedat acol
l
ected hypothesi sandt heor ywiththedat a
ViewofHumanBehav
ior Dynamic,si
tuati
onal,soci
alandpersonal Regularandpr edi ctable
MostCommonResearch Expl
ore,di
scover&const r
uct Describe, expl ain&pr edict
Object
ives
Focus Wide-angl
elens;examinesthebr
eadthanddept
hof Narrow-anglelens;t
estsspeci
fi
chypot
heses
phenomena
Nat
ureofObser
vat
ion Studybehavi
ourinanat ur
alenvi
ronment Studybehav i
ourundercontrol
l
edcondi
ti
ons;i
sol
ate
causaleffects
Nat
ureofReal
i
ty Multi
plereal
it
ies;subj
ecti
ve Singl
ereality
;object
ive

Fi
nal
Repor
t Narrat
iver
epor
twi
thcontext
ualdescri
pti
onand St
ati
sti
cal
reportwi
thcorr
elat
ions,
comparisonsof
di
rectquot
ati
onsf
rom r
esearchpart
ici
pants means&stati
sti
cal
signi
fi
canceoffindi
ngs

TYPESANDEXAMPLESOFRESEARCH
 Appli
edResearch-desi
gnedtosol
vepract
icalpr
obl
emsoft
hemoder
nwor
ld,r
athert
hant
oacqui
reknowl
edgef
or
knowledge’
ssake;i
t’
sgoali
stoi
mprov
ehumancondit
ion.
 Basi
cResearch-al
sor
efer
redt
oasf
undament
alorpur
eresear
chi
sdr
ivenbyasci
ent
ist
’scur
iosi
tyori
nter
esti
na
sci
enti
fi
cquesti
on.
 Correl
ationalResear
ch-ref
erstothesyst
ematici
nvest
igat
ionorst
ati
sti
calst
udyofr
elat
ionshi
psamongt
woormor
e
var
iables,wit
houtnecessar
il
ydet
ermini
ngcauseandeff
ect.
 Descr
ipt
iveResearch-alsoknownas“ st
ati
sti
calr
esear
ch”
;ref
erst
oresear
cht
hatpr
ovi
desanaccur
atepor
tray
alofa
cl
assoraparti
cularindi
vidual
sit
uat
ionorgr
oup.
 Et
hnogr
aphicResear
ch-r
efer
stotheinv
esti
gati
onofacul
tur
ethr
oughanin-
dept
hstudyoft
hemember softhecult
ure;
it
i
nvol
vesthesyst
emati
ccoll
ecti
on,
descri
pti
on,
andanal
ysi
sofdataf
ordev
elopmentoft
heor
iesofcul
tur
albehavi
our.
 Experi
ment
alResear
ch-i
sanobject
ive,
syst
emati
c,cont
rol
l
edi
nvest
igati
on,fort
hepur
poseofpr
edi
cti
ngandcont
rol
l
ing
phenomenaandexamini
ngpr
obabil
i
tyandcausal
i
tyamongsel
ect
edv ar
iabl
es.
 Expl
orat
oryResear
ch-i
sat
ypeofconduct
edf
orapr
obl
em t
hathasnotbeencl
ear
lydef
ined
  Hi
stor
ical
Resear
ch-i
sonei
nvol
vi
nganal
ysi
sofev
ent
sthatoccur
redi
nther
emot
eorr
ecentpast
.
 Phenomenol
ogi
cal
Resear
ch-i
sani
nduct
ivedescr
ipt
iver
esear
chdev
elopedf
rom phenomenol
ogi
cal
phi
l
osophy
.
 Act
ionResear
ch-i
nvol
vest
heappl
i
cat
ionoft
hest
epsoft
hesci
ent
if
icmet
hodi
nthecl
assr
oom pr
obl
ems.

KI
NDSOFQUALITATIVERESEARCH( Mar
shal
landRossman(
1995)
1. Parti
cipantobserv
at i
on 5.ContentAnaly
sis
2. Observation 6.Narr
atology
3. In-
depthInterv
iewing 7.Fi
lms,VideosandPhot
ogr
aphs
4. FocusGr oupInter
viewing

CHARACTERISTICSANDUSESOFQUALI TATIVERESEARCH
 Takespl aceinanat uralsetti
ngwher ehumanbehav i
ourandev entsoccur.
 Focusofqual i
tati
ver esearchisont hepar t
icipant’spercepti
onsandexper i
encesandthewayt heymakesenseoft heirl
i
ves
 Themet hodsar einteracti
veandhumani sti
c
 Usesv ari
ousway sofcol lecti
ngdata: observations,structur
edorsemi -
str
uctur
ed,int
ervi
ews,documents,emails,
blogs,
videos
 Resul t
sbei ngemer gent,newdi scoveriesduringt hedat agatheri
ngprocesscanleadtoat ot
alrev
isi
onofresearchquesti
ons
 Thet heoryorgener al patt
ernofunder standingwi llemer geasitbegi
nswi t
hini
ti
alcodes,devel
opsintobr
oadt hemes
 I ti
sfundament all
yinterpretati
ve.

STRENGTHSANDWEAKNESSESOFQUALI TATIVERESEARCH
Str
engt
hs Weaknesses
 Canof f
ert hebestl i
ghtonorbestanswer sto cert
ain  Tot alimmer sionint henat uralsetti
ngoft heresearchcan
phenomena- social, economi c, pol it
ical, or ev en bet i
me- consumi ngandt edious,andr esource-drai
ning
psychological  Ther e comes a poi ntwhen t he per sonal-
selfand the
 Resear chresul tsar eexhausti
ve researcher-selfareinsepar able,so,subjectiv
ity,onthepart
 I t off
ers sev eralav enues to under st
and phenomena, ofther esear chercanhappen.Topr eventthis,Lockeetal.
behaviour,humancondi tionsandt heli
ke (1987)st resst hatf rom t hebegi nningoft hest udy,t
he
 I tcanbuildon, orevendev el
opt heori
esthroughconsi st
ent researcher must i dentif
y hi s/
her per sonal v al
ues,
themes,cat egor i
es,relati
onships,int
errelat
ionshi
ps that assumpt i
onsandbi ases.
arecrystal
liseddur ingthedatagat heri
nganddat aanaly
sis
process
(Ref
erence:Pr
iet
o,N.
,Nav
al,
V.,
Car
ey,
T.(
2017)
Pract
icalResear
chf
orSeni
orHi
ghSchool
,LORI
MARPubl
i
shi
ngI
nc.)

I
II
.Engagement
Writ
tenWork2
Di
rect
ions:
1. Basedony ourunder
standi
ngofthenat
ureoft
hequal
i
tat
iver
esear
ch,ci
tesomepr
obl
em ar
easi
ndai
l
yli
fet
haty
out
hink
quali
tat
iver
esear
chcanaddress.

2. Cit
ethree(3)tent
ati
ver
esearchprobl
emsorinqui
ryyoucanwor
konasr
equi
rement
sint
heSeni
orHi
ghSchoolt
racky
ou
havechosen(ABM,STEM,TECH-VOC,SPORTS,I
CT,HUMSS)

I
V.Appl
i
cat
ion/Ref
lect
ion
Per
for
manceTask2:OddManOut
Di
rect
ions:
Chooset
hel
ett
eroft
hecor
rectanswer
.
1. Whi
chonei snotst
rengt
hofqualit
ati
veresear
ch?
A. Off
ersthebestanswertocert
ainphenomena-
soci
al,economi
c,poli
ti
calorev
enpsy chol
ogi
cal
.
B. I
stediousandtimeconsuming.
C. Off
ersseveral
avenuestounderst
andphenomena,humanbehaviourandcondit
ion.
D. D.canbuil
donordev el
optheori
es.

Expl
ainy
ourchoi
cei
nacompl
etesent
ence.

2. Whi
chonei snotincludedintheinterpretationofresult
sofquali
tat
ivedat
a?
A. Adescript
ionoft heindi
vidualorresear chparti
cipant
B. Adescript
ionoft heresearchparti
ci pant’
sfamilyandfri
ends
C. Analy
zingofdat aforthemesorcat egor i
es
D. Drawingconclusionsandof fer
ingf urtherquesti
onstobeasked

Expl
ainy
ourchoi
cei
nacompl
etesent
ence.

3. Whi
choft hefoll
owingisthequalit
ati
veresearchernotalwaysrequi
redt
odo?
A. Subjectherfi
ndingstostati
sti
calt
reatment
B. Refl
ectonwhosheorhei sintheresear
chpr ocessorinqui
ry
C. Besensiti
vetohi s/
herpersonalbi
as
D. Viewdataholisti
call
y

Expl
ainy
ourchoi
cei
nacompl
etesent
ence.