HCMC University of Technology and Education

FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING

ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES
www.hcmute.edu.vn
 I. Introduction

The public address system

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 I. Introduction
Cascaded system

Amplifiers are often cascaded (connected in

series) to increase gain. Each amplifier
within the cascade is referred to as a stage,
and the overall circuit is referred to as a
multistage amplifier.
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 I. Introduction
Cascaded system

Total voltage gain of the system

AVT  AV1  AV2  AV3   AVn
Total current gain of the system
Zi
AiT  Ai1  Ai2  Ai3    Ain   AVT
RL 4
 I. Introduction
Cascaded system

Input impedance of the system

Vi
Z i   Z ií
Ii
Output impedance of the system
VO
ZO  Vi 0  Z On
IO
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 II. Capacitively-Coupled Multistage Amplifier

Vcc

RB1 RC1 R1 RC2

CO
C Vo
Ci

Q1 Q2

+
Vi CE2
RL
R2 RE2

Coupling capacitors are used to provide AC coupling and dc

isolation between the stages of an amplifier.
The coupling capacitors prevent the source and load from
affecting the DC biasing of the transistor
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II. Capacitively-Coupled Multistage Amplifier

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 II. Capacitively-Coupled Multistage Amplifier

Q1: β = 100; Q2: IDSS = 9mA ; VP = -4.5V

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III. Direct-Coupled Multistage Amplifiers

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III. Differential amplifier

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III. Darlington Amplifier

Vcc
Vcc

RC
1F Vo1
Vo1
RB1
1F

Rs 1F
Vo2
+
Vi +
Vs RB2 RE
Vi

-
-

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