Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Definition
Constituents of a good brick
Size of bricks
Characteristics of a good brick
Manufacturing process
Classification
Technical Terms
Bonds in brick work
Tests
DEFINITION AND SIZE OF BRICK
The artificial material of construction in the form of
clay bricks of uniform size of shape are known as
bricks.
Size of brick
1) Traditional brick:- 23cm X11.4 cm X 7.6 cm
2)Modular Brick :- 19 cm X 9 cm X 9 cm
CONSTITUENTS
Silica
Alumina
Lime
Oxide of iron
Magnesia
SILICA
Percentage:- 50% to 60%
Function:-
Prevents brick from shrinkage, cracking & warping.
Effect of Excess:-
Makes brick brittle and useless
ALUMINA
Percentage:- 20% to 30%
Function:-
Absorbs water and imparts plasticity to clay so that
it can properly molded.
Effect of Excess:-
Shrink and warp during drying & burning.
LIME
Percentage:- should not exceed 5%
Function:-
Binding particles together.
It allows sand to fuse or to melt during burning.
Effect of Excess:-
Cause to brick melt and loose it’s shape..
OXIDES OF IRON
Percentage:- 5% to 6%
Function:-
Imparts color.
It helps to fuse the lime & sand during burning.
Bind particles to give hardness & Strength.
Effect of Excess:-
Bricks becomes dark blue.
MAGNESIA
Percentage:- about 1 %
Function:-
Decrease shrinkage
Gives yellow tint to brick.
Effect of Excess:-
Decay of Brick.
CHACTERISTICS OF A GOOD BRICK
Brick should have sharp edges.
Brick shall not break in to pieces when dropped from
height about 1 meter.
Brick shall have low thermal conductivity.
Brick shall be sound proof.
Brick when broken shall show a homogeneous and
uniform compact structure, free from voids.
When soaked in water for 24 hour, brick shall not show
deposit of white salt when allow to dry.
Brick shall not have crushing strength less than
55kg/cm2 .
MANUFACTURING PROCESS
Preparation of Clay or Brick earth
Unsoiling- to remove impurities of organic matter in
top soil up to 20 cm.
Digging:- Clay is dug out & laid on leveled ground a
little below the general surface.
Cleaning- stone, vegetable matter removed.
Weathering- cleaned earth is spread and exposed to
weather for few months.
Blending- mixing of clay/sand/other material.
Tampering- water is added to clay and it is kneaded.
Cont……
Moulding
Hand moulding.
Machine moulding.
Drying: 7 to 14 days.