Large Intestine ( gntro )

Introduction :
-

and extends the

About Irs
long from caecum in the
right
°
m

iliac
fossa to anus in the
perineum .

°
The
functions of large intestine are :

(a) Absorption g
water
do ,
storage lubrication
feces
&
,
expulsion g .

bacterial flora
(c)
Synthesis of vit B
complex by normal .

cd , Protection
secretion
from
which is
invasion

rich
by microorganisms by its mucoid
in
IgA -

Parts :

" i Caecum a
Appendix
( 21 Colon
-

His :::÷
Descending
sigmoid
.

131 Rectum
( 41 Anal Canal

structure :

rlonly )
• Similar to small intestine .
colon also has 4
layers :

Mucosa lbs Sub mucosa

(a) cc) Muscle layer cd , serosa

Mucosa
-

does not transverse

It
present folds
•

circular and villi

• The
surface epithelium in
absorptive in nature and consists
of
columnar cells
bearing microvilli .

Intestinal glands long and tubular and

large number
•

are
a
posses
 of goblet cells .

lamina membrane contains abundant

The
propria of Mucous
diffuse
•

lymphatic tissue but devoid

is
g Peyer 's patches .

Sub
mucosa
gt is made loose areolar tissue and contains blood vessels
up of
.

and
lymph vessels , nerve
plexus ( Meissner 's
plexus)
Monde layer ,

gt consists
•

of outer longitudinal and inner circular

layers of smooth
muscle .

outer
longitudinal layer not continuous it is
arranged into
-

in ,

three bands
thick longitudinal called Tenia e coli .

•
The inner circular layer of smooth muscle Tenia e coli in thin as

compared to small intestine .

Serosa
-

It the transverse colon and the

•
covers
sigmoid colon but the parts
of ascending and
descending colons are covered
by Tunica adventitia .

Cardinal [ Distinguishing ] Features :

Three cardinal features of large intestine

°

are :

(a) Tania e coli

( bi
Appendices epiploicae
Sacculate Haast rations
(c)
/
'
ons .

Tania e
Cole :

These three ribbon like bands

longitudinal muscle coat
°

are
of
.
-

These bands
proximally at the base
of
the
appendix &
°

converge
out
spread distally to become continuous with the
longitudinal
muscle coat og Rectum .
 Tania e coli
present all
°

are on

the
parts of colon & caecum .

Location :

• The
positions of tenia e in Caecum ,

ascending colon ,
and
descending colon are : -

ca , Anterior [ Tenia e libera )

(
b, Posten medial [ Tenia e meso
coli ca
)
(c) Posterolateral [ Tenia e omen tale 's ]

• In the transverse colon .

the
corresponding positions are :

( at
Inferior
( bi Posterior

(c) Superior

Appendices Epiploieae :

Small
bags of visceral peritoneum filled with fat attached to the
°

tenia e

of large intestine -

a Absent in Appendix ,
Rectum & Anal Canal .

• Numerous on sides 7 sigmoid colon &

posterior surface transverse colon

of .

Sacculate.com/Hamtraliom :

Series pouches in wall caecum and colon between the tenia

D og
•
e .

They are
produced became lengths of tenia e
fall short
of lengths
9 circular muscle coat .

° 9 't
gives puckered appearance of large intestine .
②
teamed notes in )