Shell Retail Network Engineering

SITE TRAFFIC CALMING

Required Design Standard
Requirements for traffic calming on sites

Standardization level
Principles
Functional & Technical Specification
Product Sheet
Procedure

Reference Number: 13.015

Revision Number: 1.0
Issue Date: 03/ 12/ 2013
 Site Traffic Calming 1.0

Standardisation Document Metadata

Name Site Traffic Calming
Description The purpose of this document is to state the methods for traffic calming & management
Reference Number 13.015
Revision Number 1.0—First Issue
Issue Date 06/ 12/ 2013
Next Review Date 06/ 12/ 2016
Void Date
Author Orkan Akbörü
Content Owner Design & Standards Centre of Excellence
Governing Superior Document N/A
Area of Validity Global
Compliance Level Required
Standardisation Area Design
Standardisation Control Standard
Key Words: Traffic, calming, speed, rumble, bumps, signage, safety, warning

Amendment History
Revision Nr. Revision Date Author Short change description
1.0 06/ 12/ 2013 Orkan Akbörü First issue

Application
Organic Requirements must be applied for all new projects & investments. New project is project prior IP approval.

DISCLAIMER: The requirements and guidelines set out in this document shall not apply or be implemented to the extent that they do not meet the requirements of
applicable laws and regulations. In all cases, all applicable legal and regulatory requirements must be met when conducting activities associated with this document.

Required Design Standard 2

 Site Traffic Calming 1.0

TABLE OF CONTENTS
DOCUMENT SCOPE .................................................................... 4
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................. 4
1 INTRODUCTION........................................................................ 5
2 TRAFFIC CALMING .................................................................. 6
2.1 ENTRANCE AND EXITS TO THE SITE……………………6
2.2 TRAFFIC CALMING MEASURES............................................6

7 EXTERNAL LINKS & REFERENCES ...................................... 10

8 GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ACRONYMS ................................ 11

Required Design Standard 3

 Site Traffic Calming 1.0
DOCUMENT SCOPE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This document outlines the principles of traffic calming and main
measures to manage the traffic at Shell sites.
Traffic calming is required on high risk sites to control drivers’
speeds and manage the traffic on the forecourt. Justification for
installing traffic calming is based on the Design Risk Assesment
(DRA) outcomes.
Where impact protection would be required, traffic calming can be
used to ensure that the speed on site is reduced, so that the strength
of impact protection that would be required would be lower. Refer to
GDS 06.016.
This document shall be applicable for New Builds NTI’s, NTS’ or
major Site developments through Knock down and Rebuild
(KDRB’s). This document is also applicable for sites;
1. Where the site is used as a short cut e.g. to use the site to get
to another road
2. Where there are other facilities at the site e. g. fast food res-
taurant so traffic does not reduce speed when approaching the
forecourt
3. Where there is limited distance from the site entrance to the
forecourt for cars to decelerate
This document shall be used in conjuction with GDS 01.001, GDS
01.002 & GDS 01.003
Required Design Standard
 Traffic calming measures shall be determined by site designer,
project manager and Shell PMC manager after completion of
Design Risk Assesment (DRA). Refer to GDS 01.025
 Entrance and exit of the site shall be designed to minimize po-
tential vehicle, pedestrian and equipment impact. Traffic calming
measures shall slow down vehicle’s speed to 15 km/hr or less at
the forecourt entrance
 Site shall be designed to provide good advance visibility so driv-
ers can see any potential hazards
 Main measures used for traffic calming are
- Warning Signs
- Rumble strips
- Cats’ Eyes
- Speed Bump
- Yield Lines
- Raised Crosswalk
- High containment kerbs
These measures shall be located on the approach road & can
also be applied on the start of forecourt.
 Traffic signs and markings on the layout shall be clear and visi-
ble by all vehicles
 High containment kerbs shall be used to segregate the trucks
from passenger cars and redirect HGV’s on to their intended
path
4
 Site Traffic Calming 1.0

1. INTRODUCTION

Traffic calming is required on Shell sites that

are located in urban and high speed environ-
ment with pedestrians movements. There is a
risk of vehicles not slowing down appropri-
ately & creating a hazardous situation for
people & assets.

Each site has its own specific, therefore site

risk assessment shall be carried out to iden-
tify the need of any or all the traffic calming
measures mentioned in this document. These
measures should be located on the approach
road & can also be applied on the start of
forecourt.

Most effective way to manage the traffic can

be achieved by designing the layout of the
site to minimize interactions of pedestrians
and other vehicles and crossing traffic flows.

If this is not possible then hazards shall be

minimised. This can be done by controlling
the traffic on the forecourt and reducing driv-
ers' speed via traffic calming measures.

Required Design Standard 5


2. TRAFFIC CALMING
The purpose of traffic calming is to control
speed and driver behaviour in order to
eliminate HSSE risks due to vehicle
movements.
Traffic calming shall be applied to sites which
have been ranked as high risk in Design Risk
Assesment (Refer to GDS 01.025) and where
there is a need to control the traffic.
Site shall be designed to provide good ad-
vance visibility so drivers can see any poten-
tial hazards. There shall be no unnecessary
obstacles to site lines (signs , poster frames
etc) and there shall be adequate site illumina-
tion design per GDS 06.008.
2.1 ENTRANCE AND EXITS TO THE
SITE
Dependent upon the type of road (motorway,
toll road, limited access expressways,
highways and urban streets) on which the
Shell site is located, different design
approaches shall be taken to reduce and/or
control the speed of vehicles entering and
exiting the retail site.
Required Design Standard
Site Traffic Calming 1.0
Entrance and exit of the Shell site shall be
designed to minimize potential vehicle, pe-
destrian and equipment impact.
For motorway sites acceleration and decel-
eration lanes shall follow local regulations.
Refer to GDS 01.001, GDS 01.002 and GDS
01.003
2.2 TRAFFIC CALMING MEASURES
In order to manage the traffic at a site it is
important to understand the fundamentals of
traffic calming.
Principles for traffic calming are:
 Control vehicle speed
 Ensure easy and safe access & exit to the
site
 Improve HSSE measures
- Reduce conflict points
- Clearly marked walkways positioned
with maximum possible visibility with
good night time illumination
 Segregation of different/conflicting traffic
flows like HGV/parking/visiting/fueling/
delivering.
Main measures used for traffic calming are
listed below. These measures shall be
located on the approach road & can also be
applied on the start of forecourt. All meas-
ures shall be compliant with local regula-
tions.
 Warning Signs
 Rumble Strips
 Cat’s Eye
 Speed Bump
 Yield Lines
 Raised Crosswalk
 High containment kerbs
2.2.1 WARNING SIGNS
Speed reduction signs together with speed
limit signs shall be put at the entrance of the
site. Traffic signs shall be compliant with the
local traffic regulations.
Please also refer to GDS 01.001 and RVI
Evolution Desgin Standards Policy Section
4.1.
6

2.2.2 RUMBLE STRIPS
Traverse Rumble strips (Figure 1) are non-
intrusive & effective measure to create
awareness and are placed in the driving lane
as a warning device alerting drivers about the
need to take action. Their main way of
function is creating a strong vibration when
driven over that will alert a driver to various
upcoming hazards both by sound and the
physical vibration of the vehicle.
Figure 1: Rumble Strips
Rumble strips are effective in a multi prompt
design (Figure 2); a single strip has not given
the desired effect in trials carried out by high-
ways agencies. Multi prompt design requires
2 or more sets of rumble strips placed as per
the length of slip road & site hazards analy-
sis. A set of rumble strips consist of 3 strips of
100mm width & 100mm apart. Height of the
strips should be at least 5 mm with edges
rounded down. Maximum allowable height of
Required Design Standard
Site Traffic Calming 1.0
the strip is 14 mm and the strip must not have
a vertical face of more than 6mm high. Mini-
mum distance between the sets shall be 1m
however optimum sections are 2m apart to
maximize effect of repeated prompts to the
driver. The rumble strip should traverse full
width of the carriageway.
Figure 2: Multi prompt design
Rumble strips should be applied using
thermoplastic materials. This ensures retro-
reflectivity & performance longevity. Where
statutory regulations require high visibility for
rumble stirps, Shell yellow shall be used.
2.2.3 CATS’ EYES
Cats’ eyes can be used where the traffic
managment is necessary for appropriate
routing to dedicated fuels or facilities.
Figure 3: Cats’ eyes
The cats' eyes consists of four reflective
lenses mounted in a durable white rubber
housing, two facing fore and two facing aft.
The housing is mounted within a cast iron
shoe, which the rubber housing sinks in to
when driven over. This provides protection
from lateral damage and allows the lenses to
be self-cleaning as they pass a rubber blade
when depressed (Figure 3).
The spacing & colours of cats’ eyes shall be
in accordance with local legislations.
7

2.2.4 SPEED BUMP
Speed bumps should only be used if the site
risk assessment indicates a high risk unless
all vehicles are forced to slow down to below
5km/hr immediately before a hazard.
Figure 4: Speed Bump
Speed bumps are 20-30 mm high & made of
composite material with a rubber surface &
are anchored on the road surface (Figure 4).
Speed bumps can be applied to sites located
at intersections and used as short cuts by
some of the the drivers,
Stationary or removable speed bumps
(Figure 5) can be used to reduce speed of
traffic and create safer environment.
Required Design Standard
Site Traffic Calming 1.0
Figure 6: Yield Lines
Figure 5: Portable speed bump
2.2.6 RAISED CROSSWALK
Raised crosswalks slow down vehicles and
2.2.5 YIELD LINES make pedestrians more visible by elavating
them above the surface of the roadway
Yield lines (Figure 6) can be considered for (Figure 7).
exit of site if it has been rated as high risk in
the site risk assessment. In line with Highway If the car park area is located away from the
Code, motorists have to stop at these lines & shop building and cars/motorbikes are
only proceed onto the main carraigeway if it passing in between, raised crosswalks can
is safe to do so. These must not be used on be installed for safer pedestrian walkway
exits where a rolling start of the vehicle is
advisable.
Markings on public highways must be deter-
mined by the road authorities , these yield
lines may be used on junctions within large
retail sites (e.g. Traffic rejoining main fore-
court from a carwash or drive through facility)
Figure 7: Raised crosswalk
8
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2.2.7 HIGH CONTAINMENT KERBS

High containment kerbs such as Trief

Kerbs or Titan kerbs are designed for all
environments where the need to contain
vehicles is paramount. Application of high
containment kerb is a proven safety to seg-
regate HGV traffic from cars and protect
equipment on site (Figure 8). Please Refer
to GDS 06.016.

Benefits of high containment kerbs

 Redirects vehicles onto their intended

path
 Prevents vehicular overrun
 Protects vulnerable installations
 Provides passive traffic control
 Creates traffic segregation
Figure 8: High containment kerbs
High containment kerbs shall be applied in ac-
cordance with local traffic legislations.

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 Site Traffic Calming 1.0

7 EXTERNAL LINKS & REFERENCES

 The Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) “Traffic
Calming Measures”
 Institute of Transportation Engineer s (ITE) "Traffic Calming
in Europe", Klaus Schlabbach
 Land Transport Safety Authority, Wellington
 TrafficCalming.org, Guide to Traffic Calming (US)
 http://www.marshalls.co.uk/
 http://www.georgelines.co.uk

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 Site Traffic Calming 1.0

8 GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ACRONYMS

GDS Global Design Standards

DRA Design risk assessment
RVI Retail Visual Identity
NTI New to Industry
NTS New to Shell

Required Design Standard 11