ASSUMPTION ILOILO

High School Department

Science Program
General Luna St., Iloilo City

Earth’s Materials (Minerals and Rocks) and Sustainable Development

A Seminar Paper Presented to the Faculty of Assumption Iloilo

in partial fulfillment of the requirements in Earth Science

Submitted by
Gabrielle Joice Siongco
Patricia Anne Magsipoc
Trisha Jean Lozano
Group #__4__
Section: XI- St. Dominic (MDL)

Submitted to
Mr. Michael Angelo M. Dejando
Earth Science Teacher

October 2020
I. Introduction

If DNA is the building block of life, then industrial minerals and rocks are literally
the building blocks of our way of life (Industrial Minerals & Rocks, 2010). The exact
meaning of industrial minerals and rocks is a long way from direct. In any case, a
generally used definition is "any rock, mineral, or other naturally occurring substance of
economic value, selective of metal minerals, mineral fuels, and gemstones: one of the
non-metallics. Industrial minerals and rocks are an exceptionally diverse and vital group
of raw minerals that sustain practically all parts of human action, foundation and way of
life. There are different ways as to how these minerals and rocks could help us in our
daily lives. Although industrial minerals saturate each part of everyday life, their quality
and their job are frequently imperceptible. In specific regards, the creation of industrial
minerals and rocks establishes one of the most private and natural of businesses since
scarcely any homegrown or modern items don't contain industrial minerals and require
them sooner or later in their production. To utilize a well known motto, "If it's not grown,
it's mined." This applies to all mining however especially to the bigger and more various
industrial minerals and rocks part. Add to this that most yields couldn't be developed,
gathered or moved to showcase without modern minerals-based manure, gear, and
framework, and the all-torment presence of industrial minerals and rocks comes into
more keen core interest.

The historical backdrop of industrial minerals and rocks can in a real sense be
followed back to the stone age: indeed, it characterizes the improvement of mankind
through time (Kuzvart 1984). Perhaps the size of utilization was pre modern, however
materials and specialized necessities around then we're not unlike some current day
normal stone and grating industries. The cluster and variety of industrial minerals and
development materials utilized by a general public are in every case firmly connected to,
and a proportion of, its general financial quality (Noestaller 1988). As a nation grows,
nonetheless, the per capita utilization of minerals definitely increased. Strength of
industrial minerals and rocks creation over metal minerals creation has been an
estimation of financial turn of events and a characterizing normal for a created nation
(Bristow 1987). Given an actually rising total population, overwhelmingly inside creating
nations, which have a legitimized goal to better expectations of living. The future interest
for industrial minerals is sure to increase.

Sustainable Development is the need of great importance in the event that we

are to give a protected future to people in the next generation. The World Commission
on Environment and Development defines sustainable development as " development
meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to
meet their own needs." (Minerals and Sustainable Development, 2020). The
promulgation of sustainable development implies the incorporation of exercises in the
accompanying territories to be specific, specialized and financial exercises
guaranteeing monetary development, securing the protection of natural resources and
the environment, and significance care for the representative at the work environment
and network advancement in the region of the mining environment. (Dubiński, 2013)
II. Main Discussion

Rocks and minerals are part of our everyday lives, having the quality of stability
and strength, they play a significant role in the construction of infrastructures,
cosmetics, roads, cars, and even appliances. A key point to differentiate rocks and
minerals is that rocks might be characterized as mineral amounts made out of at least
one or more minerals. Hence, a heterogeneous stone example can be inspected to
uncover the presence of various distinctive homogeneous minerals. The separating line
among rocks and minerals mustn’t be in every case characterized and, when a single
mineral happens in an extraordinary amount to shape a stone mass, the name of the
mineral is additionally given to the stone. A few rocks at that point might be composed
of one mineral in particular, for example, the stone 'marble' comprises the single mineral
'calcite' and the stone 'dunite' comprises basically of the mineral 'olivine'. Taking a
glance at an enormous stone selection unexpectedly gives the feeling that stones are
confusingly different, varying in color, texture, and hardness. Some are layered while
others have no structure that is clear to the naked eye. Nevertheless this seemingly
persistent variety, we can assemble all stones into three primary families, on those
qualities which mirror their beginning. These gatherings are igneous, sedimentary, and
metamorphic rocks. (Author Title Institution Pub Date Note 0, Available from pub type
EDRS Price Descriptors Identifiers, n.d.)

On the other hand, a mineral refers to an inorganic substance' which has a

definite chemical composition and an ordered atomic arrangement. The incorporation of
the line 'an arranged atomic arrangement' suggests that minerals are translucent
instead of shapeless. About 2,000 minerals are known to exist, about just around 20 of
these minerals make up over 95 percent of the Earth's crust. All stones contain at least
one mineral. Minerals are usually scattered all through rocks even though they can be
concentrated to frame mineral stores, for example, metal bodies. An excavator may
believe a mineral to be any material that is of economic value and which can be
eliminated from the Earth. Examples are probably going to be coal and dirt. The term
'mineral' is frequently utilized freely in ordinary language while the earth researcher will
in general be more exact when the term is utilized. (Industrial Minerals & Rocks, 2010)

Industrial minerals and rocks work around the world, and no country on earth
doesn't somehow use the natural raw materials at its disposal. The inspiration for and
extent of this resource usage, though, shifts from area resource action to worldwide
scale exchange. In contrast to different sorts of assembling minerals must be worked
just where they are found. Mineral resources are additionally a "wasted resource", so in
the long run, an individual store becomes worn out and new ones must be found or the
business will close. Mines and quarries will consistently open and close, and new stores
will continually be looked for. Industries utilizing industrial minerals and rocks commonly
have a large interest dependent on a wide scope of physical and chemical standards,
frequently unique to specific applications or items (Harben and Bates 1984). As a result,
mineral processing has expanded considerably to meet these specifications, and the full
scope of mineral partition strategies utilized in metals and other mining businesses is
presently conveyed. (Harben and Bates 1990).
 Indeed, even today, cheap, low-innovation strategies that will, in any case, meet
tough quality necessities are required for some globally exchanged industrial mineral
items. Moreover, in the field of marketing strategies, a lack of appropriate mineral
supplies, or the chance of price reserve funds, leads to the replacement or substitution
of minerals by function. Different minerals that can play out a similar function in an item
are then utilized. Natural stone industries additionally need to think about social and
cultural trends, while colored gemstone demand is bound by pulse and patterns of style,
which can change quickly and in manners that are difficult to foresee. So, in the
industrial minerals and rocks supply game, minerals makers must not just attempt to
produce the best item they can, yet additionally should watch out for their market, their
clients' business sectors, and overall item cost structure on the chance that they don't
wish to be substituted.

The concept of sustainable development and the industrial mineral sector is still
in the process of debate. On a local scale, a few deposits will be depleted, yet how does
this settle with a maintainable mineral environment? The present demands for industrial
raw materials must be stabilized with the necessities of future generations to obtain the
materials they require (WCED 1987). Despite the consumption of supplies, future
industrial minerals experts will have improved innovation, information, investigation,
advancement, and development to control them, yet the natural outcomes of resource
utilization must not be permitted to take advantage of the environment that the future
generations acquire. This claim doesn't imply that resources must not be mined and
used. Furthermore, multinational companies will make a greater investment in the
Earth’s materials (minerals and rocks), and signs that China will increasingly become a
net importer of some of the minerals it formerly aggressively exported. (Industrial
Minerals & Rocks, 2010) Lately, a few minerals have increased more notable
significance, for example, the rare earth components in equipment and cellphones, and
others may fade away in light of market changes or natural issues. Nobody can predict
which will be the development materials of this century as new items and markets
create. Whatever the future holds for this sector, the variety of industrial minerals and
rocks presents an important test for experts, consumers, educators, and other curious
specialists.

III. Conclusion
 Conforming with the Philippine Mining Act of 1995 under the 1987 Philippine
Constitution states that, “All mineral resources in public and private lands within the
territory and exclusive economic zone of the Republic of the Philippines are owned by
the State. It shall be the responsibility of the State to promote their rational exploration,
development, utilization, and conservation through the combined efforts of government
and the private sector to enhance national growth in a way that effectively safeguards
the environment and protect the rights of affected communities.” (R.A. No. 7942, 2020)
Because of the state’s full control and supervision over mining rights, owners of surface
rights do not automatically have rights over mineral resources found within their
properties. (Bunye, 2018) This supports the first argument regarding the availability of
mineral resources within a certain territory. Since it is the responsibility of the state or
private organizations to utilize these resources and produce innovative products
following the law. Moreover, businesses that use mineral resources must take into
consideration the factors that could affect their supply and production. For example, if
there is a decrease in the supply of a certain mineral, businesses in this industry will
resort to another similar mineral by function for substitution. To perform this business
strategy, it must follow a protocol to acquire the replacement materials. Thus, mining
industries will use the Philippine Mining Reporting Code (PMRC) for the reporting of all
solid minerals, including industrial minerals and coal where it is required by the
Philippine Stock Exchange (PSE).

On the other hand, the industrial mineral sector and the concept of sustainable
development are in the process of debate. Wherein, the increasing demand for
industrial raw materials must be stabilized to obtain the needs of future generations. To
support the argument about sustainable development in mining, a credible source from
Velasco (n.d.) stated that mining activities shall be undertaken with due and equal
regard for economic and environmental considerations, as well as for health, social and
cultural concerns. Therefore, the conservation of minerals is affected not only through
technological efficiencies of mining operations but also through the recycling of
mineral-based products, to effectively lengthen the usable life of mineral commodities.

This paper talks about the concept of industrial rocks and minerals, however, it
does not stop there, it also explains the broader side of how these resources are being
produced, utilized, and conserved. Thus, knowing all of this information and ideas will or
will not change anyone's perspective, but as you go deeper, you can’t deny the
significance of these resources in meeting the needs of the present and the future
generation.

IV. Abstract
 Industrial minerals and rocks are known to be the building blocks of life. It is
described as any rock, mineral, or other naturally occurring substance of economic
value, selective of metal minerals, mineral fuels, and gemstones: one of the
non-metallics. These industrial minerals and rocks are considered to be diverse and
vital in resources for their part and utilize in our daily lives. Moreover, its historical
backdrop can be followed back to the Stone age, where it characterizes the
improvement of mankind through time. In the present, these resources are beginning to
decrease, thus a method was developed, which is known to be sustainable
development, which is about meeting the needs of the present without compromising
the ability of the future generations in acquiring these resources.

Industrial minerals and rocks’ composition and functions helped our experts in
determining these resources’ uses. In a business manner, these resources are utilized
to produce products appealing to the eyes of the consumers. For example, producing
appliances, building houses, facilities, and infrastructures. Consequently, in an
economical sense, industrial minerals and rocks could help in increasing a country’s
economic growth and development.

To sum up, everything that has been stated, earth’s materials can be sustained,
only if we will do our duties and responsibilities as human beings to nurture and have
the initiative to preserve and maintain our natural resources, specifically minerals, and
rocks, for the benefit of all.
References:

Bates, R.L. 1969. Geology of Industrial Rocks and Minerals. New York; Dover
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Bates, R.L. 1975. Introduction. Pages 3-7 in Industrial Minerals and Rocks. 4th edition.
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