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TỔNG HỢP BÀI MẪU CHỦ ĐỀ WORK by NGOCBACH

1. (11/4/2015) The older people who need employment have to compete


with younger ones. What problems can this create? What are some solutions?
ANSWER:
It is true that fierce competition in the
job market between older people and
their younger counterparts has
become an increasingly widespread counterpart = a person who has the
concern. Several problems have same position or function as someone
resulted from this tendency and they else in a different place or situation.
should be tackled by a number of
effective solutions from both
individuals and the government.

Competing with the young, the older


generation has to face up to two main age discrimination = the practice of
issues. [1] Firstly, due to age treating older people unfairly compared
discrimination, older people often with young people.
suffer more disadvantages when
seeking the same positions as young
candidates, even when they have
similar abilities and qualifications. As a
result, a number of them become
unemployed, which prevents them
from meeting basic human needs. [2]
Secondly, old employees might be
under strong pressure, stemming from stemming from = resulting from.
the fact that their young colleagues
seem to be more creative and adapt
themselves to changes at the workplace
more easily than they could do. This
may lead to both physical and
psychological problems, including

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heart disease and depression. depression = an illness, when a person
feels very sad or anxious.

Since such issues are serious, the


government and individuals should
take steps immediately to address these
problems. [1] The first solution is that
the government should encourage
enterprises to apply the Age
Discrimination in Employment Act of
1967 in order to protect employees
who are 40 years old or more from
employment discrimination based on
age. As a result, they would be given earn a living = to get money for the
greater opportunities to find suitable work that you do.
jobs and earn a living. [2] On an
individual level, older workers should
be willing to update their skills update = to make something more
through attending training courses.If modern.
younger colleagues also help them to
adapt to changes in the working
environment, older workers will gain rivalry = a situation in which people
confidence and improve their work are competing for the same thing.
performance.

In conclusion, there are various


negative consequences of increasing
rivalry between the old and the young
in the job market and appropriate steps
need to be taken to tackle these
problems, not only by the government
but also by individuals.
307 words

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2. (08/10/2016) Some people think that men and women have different
qualities. Therefore, some certain jobs are suitable for men and some jobs are
suitable for women. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
ANSWER
It is true that some people still believe
that men and women are born with
different qualities which determine
what jobs are open to them. While
there were strong arguments to justify
this view in the past, I completely
disagree that it should apply to the
world of work today. the world of work [expression]: the
type of work people do, the job market
and the possibilities for employment
On the one hand, it used to be thought
that men and women have some
distinct characteristics which affect the
range of jobs open to them and which
traditionally affect their choice of
career. In terms of physical strength,
when most work was still performed manually [adverb]: by hand
manually, it was argued that women
were simply not strong enough to work
on construction sites or drive heavy
trucks. They were also believed to be construction site [noun]: an area of
unsuited to dangerous jobs, so few land where something is built
women entered the army. In terms of stereotype [noun]: a fixed idea or
traditional stereotypes, women were image that people have of a particular
considered to be more caring and person or thing, which is often not true
sensitive than men, so they tended to in reality
enter professions such as nursing or the sensitive [adjective]: aware of and able
care of children and the elderly. to understand other people’s emotions
and feelings

On the other hand, the workplace has

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changed dramatically, and I believe
that there is no room for outdated outdated [adjective]: no longer useful,
attitudes towards the capabilities of because it is old-fashioned and not
men and women. Men and women suited to today’s needs
should enjoy equal opportunities in all
careers. Firstly, changes in education
have given women the same chance to
gain qualifications as men. If they work
reach the top [expression]: to arrive at
hard, they deserve the opportunity to the highest position in your company
reach the top in their chosen field. or organization
Secondly, a more modern outlook has
broken the traditional barriers, which
effectively prevented men and women barrier [noun]: a problem, a rule or a
from doing certain jobs in the past: situation that prevents you from doing
construction workers, truck drivers or something
soldiers in the case of women; nursing,
cooking and cleaning jobs in the case
of men. sex discrimination [noun]: treating
somebody or a particular group in
society less fairly than others because
of their gender
In conclusion, I would argue that there
is no room today for sex
discrimination at work – either against
women or against men.
298 words

3. (22/04/2017) Some people think that people who choose a job early and
keep doing it are more likely to have a satisfying career life than those who
frequently change jobs. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Essay
If asked whether it is keeping a job or
switching jobs that gives more job
satisfaction, many would struggle to

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make the final choice. In my opinion,
while job hopping has its own benefits,
choosing a job earlier on and keeping it
would provide people with a greater
sense of fulfillment. to acquire
experience/knowledge/skill: to gain
experience/knowledge/skill by your
On the one hand, there are several own efforts or behaviour
merits to job hopping. Firstly, by
job satisfaction: the good feeling that
switching from one job to another, you get when you have a job that you
people have the chance to try their enjoy
hands at different fields and thus
acquire more skills. Job hoppers may put knowledge gained into practice:
to put to practical use the knowledge
find job satisfaction in being able to
that you have acquired
put the knowledge gained from
previous employment into practice at
the new workplace and receiving working environment: the conditions
recognition for their capabilities. that you work in
Secondly, people who change work
more often and experience various
working environments have the to have a steady job: to have a job
opportunity to find what suits them which you are unlikely to lose, but
best. For example, many young people which is not a high amount of money.
dislike the idea of having a steady job
or a desk job and therefore, switch
career to seek more dynamic a desk job: a job in an office, where
you sit and work all day at a table or
opportunities that could later prove
desk
more fulfilling.
job prospects: the chances of being
successful and having more
On the other hand, there are strong opportunities at work
reasons why holding down the same
job for a long time appeals to many
promotion opportunities: chances to
adults. First, people would benefit from
move to a more important position in a
better job prospects, which include company or organization
promotion opportunities and pay
rises, if they stayed in a job long term.

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As experience and commitment are to take something into consideration/
both taken into consideration when a account: to consider or remember
company decides who to promote or to something when judging a situation
dismiss, those who work longer for an to dismiss somebody (from
organization stand a higher chance of something): to officially remove
moving up the ladder and earning a somebody from their job
more lucrative living. Besides, there
are various perks that follow when
people keep the same job, namely sick to move up the career ladder: a series
leave, holiday entitlement, a of stages by which you can make
generous retirement package or progress in your career
yearly bonuses. In addition to
improved job prospects, people who
to earn a living: to earn money to
stay in the same job may establish a
sustain life
wide and steady network of partners as
well as gain supportive long-term holiday entitlement: the number of
colleagues. days off work that you are allowed as
holidays
sick leave: permission to stay away
In conclusion, I believe that despite the from work because of illness or injury
excitement that changing jobs entails,
a generous retirement package: A lot
whether for people bent on pursuing a of money or other benefits that you
successful career or for those with few receive from a company or
career ambitions, it is staying with the organization when you stop working
same job that is more likely to bring there because of your age
greater job fulfillment.
supportive work colleagues: people
347 words that you work with who give you help
and encouragement
to pursue a successful career: to have
a series of jobs in a particular area of
work, with more responsibility as time
passes
to have no career ambitions: to have
no desire to be successful or to move
up the career ladder

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4. Some people believe that studying at university or college is the best
route to a successful career, while others believe that it is better to get a job
straight after school. Discuss both views and give your opinion.

ANSWER:
Upon graduating from high school, upon graduating from: you use upon
to talk about once you have finished
the young often wonder whether they
doing something, in this case
ought to keep on studying further or graduating from a school
not. Many people believe that
continuing to study at a university or
college will be way guarantee a successful career: to
the best
ensure that someone has a good career;
to guarantee a successful career,
to make sure someone has success in
whereas others believe that working their career
right after school is a better option.
straight after: when you do something
directly after another thing
Working straight after graduation is
beneficial in some ways. Firstly, by
to earn money: to make money; to be
working, young people will be able to paid for your work
earn money as soon as possible, and
since they will likely be mature to live independently: to live on your
own, outside of your parents’ home
enough, they will be able to live
independently on their own income. It
leads to: to go from one state to
is also common knowledge that having
another; something that causes a
a job leads to even more maturity. change that makes you go from one
state to another; something causes
Secondly, a person who chooses to get
another thing
a job instead of pursuing higher
pursuing higher education: to

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education is likely to progress rapidly continue to study at higher and higher
levels;
in their career. This may help them to
obtain a lot of real experience and progress rapidly: to improve very
quickly
skills in their chosen profession.
to obtain a lot of real experience: to
obtain means to get and real experience
On the other hand, there are a variety
means real-life experience in the real
reasons why people tend to choose to word versus just learning things from
textbooks or lectures
continue their education after high
school. First, a college education chosen profession: the career that a
person chooses is their chosen
prepares young people to meet higher-
profession
level qualifications, which is what
to tend to do something: to usually do
most employers expect these days.
a certain thing
University graduates usually get a
much higher salary than those without
a university education. Furthermore, to meet higher-level qualifications: to
be able to do higher-level jobs; the
the job market is becoming more and
qualifications are the things that you
more competitive and nowadays people are supposed to be able to do if you
want a specific job
are well-advised to get a degree, as
hundreds of applicants often chase the
chase the top jobs: to go after the best
top jobs. Having a degree is an
jobs; to try to get the most important
obvious advantage that university positions
graduates have. In Vietnam, students
to have an obvious advantage: to
who graduate with an engineering have a clear advantage; to be clearly
better at something than another
degree are highly paid and have an
easy time getting a good job.
it seems evident that: to appear clear
that something is true

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In conclusion, it seems evident that unique advantages: special, one-of-a-
kind advantages; things that make you
both working right after school and
better than another
choosing to continue higher-level
studies each have their own unique
advantages.
263 words

5. (08/09/2018) In countries where there is high unemployment, most


pupils should be offered only primary education. There is no point in offering
secondary education to those who will have no hope of finding a job. To what
extent do you agree or disagree?
Essay:

It is true that in countries which are


suffering from high rates of worthwhile [adjective]: important and
unemployment, it seems hardly worth spending time, effort or money on
worthwhile to offer education beyond doing
primary level to most pupils. While I
accept that this appears logical, I
believe that this is a very narrow
perspective, and I completely disagree
with the statement.
upturns and downturns [nouns]: a
situation in which things either improve
or get worse over a period of time
Firstly, the prediction of upturns and
downturns in the job market is the job market [expression]: the
extremely difficult. At one period there number of jobs that are available
may be a demand for workers in many
sectors of a country’s economy. Wages
are high, and the education system
needs to prepare large numbers of
students up to and beyond secondary

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school level, with the skills to meet the
needs of employers. For example, to meet the needs of [expression]: the
while technology is replacing many things that somebody requires for a
traditional jobs in such areas as particular purpose
agriculture, transport and heavy
industry, it is also creating new jobs in heavy industry [noun]: the production
of goods using heavy and powerful
other sectors. Thus, in economic
machines
terms, it is almost impossible to say
how many highly-educated young
people will be required for a nation’s workforce [noun]: the people who
workforce. work for companies or organisations

Secondly, I contend that the purpose of the world of work [expression]:


education is much more fundamental employment in general
than simply to prepare young people for to be nothing less than [expression]:
the world of work. Education is nothing used to emphasise how great or extreme
less than the acquisition of lifelong something is
skills in thinking critically about all
aspects of life. At its best, secondary acquisition [noun]: the act of getting
something, such as knowledge or skills
education plays an essential part of
helping young people to develop these critical skills [noun]: the ability to
critical skills. If the citizens of a make careful judgments about the good
country are informed and enlightened, and bad qualities of something
problems such as a welfare system or
the distribution of wealth can be
welfare system [noun]: a system by
intelligently debated. Without mass
which a government provides a range of
education to this level, a country can free services to people who need them
have no responsible citizens.

the distribution of wealth [expression]:


In conclusion, although in today’s the way that goods or money is shared
volatile global economy, any country’s among a particular group of people.
employment situation is subject to rapid
changes, the intangible but real
objectives of education dictate that citizenship [noun]: the state of being a
young people should be educated to at citizen of a country and accepting the

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least secondary level. responsibilities of a citizen
294 words volatile [adjective]: unstable and likely
to change suddenly
to be subject to [expression]: to be
likely to experience something
intangible [adjective]: that exists, but is
difficult to describe or measure
6. (10/02/2019): In most successful organisations, some people believe that
communication between managers and workers is important, while other
people said that other factors are more significant. What is your opinion?

Essay:
It is true that many people argue that, in
any efficient organisation, it is vital that
there is good communication between
managers and workers. In my opinion,
while this is one aspect to consider, I
consider that other factors are more
important. to conduct a business: to operate a
business in a particular way
On the one hand, in order to conduct a
business or organisation effectively, a breakdown in communications: a
communication among all the workforce misunderstanding which results from
is necessary. A breakdown in people failing to discuss and resolve
communications may be one reason why something
a production process in a factory comes
raw material: a basic material that is
to a stop. The management may not be
aware, for example, of problems with a used to make a product
machine or the raw material, if they do
not regularly consult the workers. In a
store, the manager must train the staff to
offer good customer service, so that the
employees understand how to provide
this. In an organisation such as a to see the big picture: to understand all
hospital, the managers have to see the the important aspects of a situation

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big picture, and talk constantly to
doctors, nurses and support staff to
ensure that everyone knows their tasks
and has everything they need to carry
them out.
job satisfaction: the good feeling that
you get when you have a job that you
On the other hand, I would argue that enjoy
job satisfaction is the most important
working environment: the conditions
factor in creating a successful working
that you work in
environment. No organisation can
prosper if the workers are dissatisfied. to prosper: to develop in a successful
An authoritarian style of management way, to be successful
which dictates to the workforce is no
basis for reaching a consensus. When authoritarian: believing that people
workers enjoy a decent salary, with sick
leave, holiday entitlement and a should obey authority and rules, even
retirement package, then the when these are unfair, and even if it
organisation will benefit enormously
means that they lose their personal
from the loyalty of their staff.
Supportive work colleagues cooperate to freedom
ensure that things run smoothly, and
therefore I believe that worker to dictate: to tell somebody what to do,
cooperatives without management are especially in an annoying way
the future.
to reach a consensus: to come to an
In conclusion, in a traditional agreement
management structure, communication sick leave: permission to stay away from
with the workers is important.
However, when the workforce organises work because of illness or injury
itself, this results in an effective
holiday entitlement: the number of
organisation with satisfied workers.
days off work that you are allowed as
293 words holidays

retirement package: the money or other


benefits that you receive from a

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company or organization when you stop
working there because of your age

supportive work colleagues: people


that you work with who give you help
and encouragement

workers cooperative: owned and run by


the workers involved, with the profits
shared by them

7. (02/03/2019) The world of work is changing rapidly and people cannot


depend on the same job or the same conditions of work for life. Discuss the
possible causes for these changes and give your suggestions on how people
should prepare for work in the future.
Essay:
It is true that in the modern
workplace, employees can no longer
rely on keeping the same job, or even
the same working conditions, for life.
to have a steady job: to have a job
While there are some important which you are unlikely to lose, but
which is usually the same routine
reasons for this, there are also ways in
which people might prepare for work an inevitable consequence: certain to
happen and unable to be avoided or
in the future. prevented
mechanisation/mechanization [noun]:
The most important cause for such changes made to a process, so that the
work is done by machines, not people
changes is the introduction of new
labour productivity: the rate at which

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technology. In terms
of a worker, a company or a country
produces goods, and the amount
manufacturing, few workers can expect
produced, compared with how much
to have a steady job. This is an time, work and money is needed to
produce them
inevitable consequence of
mechanisation and, while this increases advances in technology: the
improvement or development in
labour productivity, it also reduces the technology
need for workers. In product design, conventional skills: traditional and
for instance, advances in technology, common skills
using computer software packages, service industries [noun]: the part of a
country’s economy that provides
have resulted in the loss of services to customers
conventional skills of creative drawing.
online shopping: shopping while
In service industries, online shopping connected to the internet
and self-service supermarket checkouts supermarket checkouts: the place
result in fewer staff. Order pickers, where you go to pay for the things that
you have bought
working alongside robots, in vast
order pickers [noun]: people used to
warehouses like Amazon mean fewer pick goods from storage and package or
assistants in stores to provide personal deliver them for customers
service to customers.

However, people must prepare for the to welcome change: to accept change
future world of work. One suggestion with enthusiasm
is that workers should be prepared to flexible working hours: hours of work
that can be changed by agreement
welcome change by accepting the need between the employer and the employee
for flexible working hours, or even vocational courses: courses which
moving to another area or country to provide students with the skills and
knowledge that they need to do a
find employment. Another suggestion particular job

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is that employers ought to play their
part by providing vocational courses to tackle [verb]: to make a determined
and training at work, so that their effort to deal with a difficult problem or
situation
employees can learn new skills. For
to be computer literate: able to use
example, a person serving customers computers well
in a store would also be able to tackle leading-edge technology: the most
administrative work requiring them to advanced position in technology
be computer literate.

In conclusion, although leading-edge


technology has changed how people
work, employers and employees must
find ways to adapt to such changes.
261 words

8. (24/03/2019) Some people think that hard work and determination


bring success. Others think other factors such as money and good appearance
are more important. Discuss both views and give your opinion?

Essay:
It is true that some people believe that
the key factors for success in life are
hard work and determination, although
others place more importance on
money and smart appearance. While
all these are necessary, I would argue
that money is the single most essential
factor for those who wish to achieve
success.

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to earn a living: to earn money
On the one hand, the determination to to impose [verb]: to force somebody to
work hard is essential for anyone who have to deal with something difficult
wants to earn a living and raise a
family. Firstly, this is true in terms of
employment, because most jobs impose a heavy workload: having many tasks
to perform
a heavy workload on employees. Even
jobs such as serving customers in a minimum wage: the lowest wage that
stores, supermarkets or coffee shops, an employer is allowed to pay by law
offering a minimum wage, no job
prospects and no promotion
opportunities demand hard work and job prospects: the chances of being
successful and having more
dedication. Secondly, from a
opportunities at work
perspective of life outside work,
simply supporting a family involves
commitment and a lot of effort to promotion opportunities: chances to
maintain a close-knit family. Such move to a more important position in a
parental involvement is the basis of company or organization
preparing children to enter adult life,
and to pursue a successful career.
to support a family: to have enough
money to be able to look after a family
On the other hand, money and
appearances are the things most valued
in the modern world. People are commitment [noun]: the willingness to
increasingly judged by their wealth or work hard and give your time and
energy to a job or activity
their smart and fashionable clothes.
Without money, it is impossible to
think about running your own business a close-knit family: a family having
or developing contacts with rich and strong relationships with each other,
influential people who can help you to helping with problems and enjoying a lot
get ahead in life. Most aspiring of time together
entrepreneurs, film or sports stars, for
example, do not achieve their dreams,
and are considered by society as parental involvement: the act or
failures. If you have money, then process of parents when taking part in

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designer clothes and celebrity status their children’s activities.
advertise your success to others. to enter adult life: the stage when
adolescents are almost old enough to be
legally independent of their parents
In conclusion, it is a sad reality that of
all the factors most likely to bring to pursue a successful career: to have
success, money is, in my opinion, the a series of jobs in a particular area of
work, with more responsibility as time
most important.
passes
283 words
to judge [verb]: to form an opinion
about something or somebody
to run your own business: to have a
business which you own
influential [adjective]: having a lot of
influence on something or somebody
to get ahead in life [expression]: to
succeed in life
aspiring [adjective]: wanting to be
successful

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