Sewage Water & Surface Groundwater Services Network Design & Stakeholder Management

SEWAGE
WATER
& SURFACE Journal of
GROUNDWATER Engineering &
SERVICES Construction
NETWORK Studies
DESIGN &
August 2020 Edition
Series 1
STAKEHOLDER
MANAGEMENT
Ronald Gomeseria y Valledor, Ph.D.

“SEWAGE WATER & SURFACE
GROUNDWATER SERVICES NETWORK
DESIGN & STAKEHOLDER
MANAGEMENT”
Ronald Valledor Gomeseria, PhD
PE, PEng, PME, CEng, CBuildE, CEnv, ASEANEng, ACPE, IntPE, CEMgr, CHCMgr, MPM, CIPM, Plumbing Engineer
MEPF & Environmental Consultancy

Journal of Engineering Design & Construction Studies
DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/R3KTQ | September 2020 CEAI ViewPoint Journal / ResearchGate / Academia
Corresponding Author: ronaldgomeseria6283@gmail.com / rvgomeseria@up.edu.ph
The Cover Page for the “Sewage Water & Surface

Groundwater Services Network Design & Stakeholder
Management” was crafted and graphic art designed by
Ronald Gomeseria y Valledor
The write-up contents and studies were composed and
developed the article throughout environmental, services,
stakeholder experiences by profession in preparation for the
CEAI ViewPoint Journal September 2020 Edition.
Keywords
Sustainability, Building, Services, Engineering, Design,
Stakeholder, Environmental, Culture, Assessment, Project
To cite this paper: Gomeseria, R. V. (2020, August 6). Sewage Water & Surface
Groundwater Services Network Design & Stakeholder
Management. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/R3KTQ
Disclaimer
The AUTHOR has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of Urls for external or third-party
internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such
websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. The write-up composition is a technical design
approach that will give some points the importance of Environmental Impact Assessment in
developing the project for the Sewage Water (SW) and Surface Groundwater Services (SGW) network
design requirement, however, the author express and welcome any comments that will improve the
study to give more guidelines and impact to the society specifically for environmental engineering.
Philippine Copyright @2020 by Gomeseria, Ronald y Valledor “University of the Philippines Alumnus, UP STD 2011-82336” 21-Pages of Page | 1
Philippine Copyright © 2020 by Gomeseria, Ronald y Valledor
All rights reserved. This ARTICLE or any portion thereof may not be reproduced or used in
any manner whatsoever without the express written permission of the AUTHOR except for
the use of brief quotations in a literature review.
Under Sec. 172 of R.A. 8293 of which consent of the copyright owner has been secured
ePrinted from/by Gomeseria, Ronald y Valledor, Quezon City, Philippines
ePrinting, 2020 | DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/R3KTQ © Author 2020.
Licensed under the Creative Commons License - Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343485727_Sewage_Water_Surface_Groundwater_
Services_Network_Design_Stakeholder_Management
NATIONAL LIBRARY OF THE PHILIPPINES (T.M. Kalaw Street, Ermita, Manila, 1000 Philippines)
Philippine Copyright @2020 by Gomeseria, Ronald y Valledor
Table of Contents
Cover Page………………………………………………………………………………… 1
Copyright Page……………………………………………………………………………. 2
Table of Contents………………………………………………………………………….. 3
The Body of the Content Page…………………………………………………………….. 4
Section 1.0, Insight………………………………………………………………………… 5
Section 2.0, Stakeholder Infrastructure and Services Management in the Public Domain.. 5
Section 3.0, Infrastructure and Services on Environmental Engineering Design Process… 6
3.1 Importance of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) in the Design Process 6
3.2 Significance of Impact in the Design Process Inclusion ………………..…….. 7
3.3 Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) for the Project Development..….. 8
Section 4.0, Sewage Water (SW) and Surface Groundwater Services (SGW)
Design Aspect………………………………………………………………... 9
4.1 Preliminary Treatment Process………….……………………………………... 9
4.2 Secondary Treatment Process………………………………………………….. 10
4.3 Tertiary Treatment Process……………………………………………………. 10
4.4 Disinfection Process……………………...……………………………………. 10
4.5 Sludge Treatment and Disposal Process…………………….…...……………. 10
4.6 Sewage Water (SW) and Surface Groundwater Services (SGW) Concerns.…. 11
Section 5.0, Drainage Impact Assessment within the Environmental Jurisdiction…..…… 12
5.1 Direct Effects of Installing Surface Groundwater Services (SGW)…….. …… 13
5.2 Risk Impact on Surface Drainage Owing Positive and Negative Effects
in the Environment……………………………………………………..……… 14
Section 6.0, Stakeholder and Environmental Management System for the Project
in the Public Domain………………………………..……………………….. 14
Section 7.0, The Framework of Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP). 17
Section 8.0, System Analysis and Conclusion……………………………………………. 17
Section 9.0, Write-Up References to Read………………………………………………… 18
Section 10.0, Acknowledgment……….…………………………………………………... 19
Section 11.0, About the Author………………….………………………………………... 20
Figure 1: Public Sewerage Line Installation (AECOM Messaied Project)………………. 08

Figure 2: Activated Sludge Process (credit; rvgomeseria…………………………..…….. 09
Figure 3: Sewerage Treatment Process (a) Doha West, (b) Al Dhakira
(credit, rvgomeseria)………………………………………………….………… 11
Figure 4: Sewerage Treatment Plants (a) Doha West, (b) Al Dhakira (credit, ARCADIS). 12
Figure 5: West Bay with green patches complete of shrubs, ground covers,
and trees around……………………………………………………...…………. 13
Figure 6: Qatar Outlet Area for the Surface Groundwater Services (SGW)
Drainage Network Project.…………………………………………….……….. 13
Table 01: Environmental Management System Aspects and Impacts of Figure 6……..… 15
THE
BODY
OF THE
CONTENT
Section 1.0
Insight
Involving in the services infrastructure engineering on both design and project management
within the public domain is another interesting topic to discuss, which is the author's
philosophical adventure during the stint of development in the country for more than decades.
However, infrastructure engineering is a continuous flow from the building built environment
that has to discharge sewerage and surface water runoff or the surface groundwater services
(SGW) to the dedicated manhole down to the public domain considering pumping station due
to the pipe invert elevations until it reaches and delivers to the sewage treatment plant (STP).
On the other hand, all power plants, electrical grid, and water generations are from the public
domain and distributed down to the household, industrial, and commercial consumer usages.
And with all services found in the infrastructure project, the author will tackle the importance
of sewage and surface groundwater services network (SGW) within the urban area. Mostly
from the developed cities and the local government have been ignored the process and not
aware of the circumstances that might be happening during sunny and rainy seasons within
their jurisdiction with the risk impact on surface drainage owing positive and negative effects.
Moreover, the author has described and enumerated the importance of MEP utility services
aside from roads and bridges within the infrastructure in Section 2 that have been constructed
for the public domain to the household owners, commercial, and industrial establishments.
Section 2.0
Stakeholder Infrastructure and

Services Management in the Public Domain
It is true that energy and water plays a significant role in the infrastructure with the current
technological competitive landscape and are to be reckoned with in targeting any
benchmarking program in terms of energy conservation. However, in the author’s article,
“Energy Conservation for Utilities Means Sustainability,” CEAI ViewPoint Journal,
September 2018 Edition which was discussed the enumerated features, the utilities comprise
of services dealing with the notional interface point of approximately 1-meter minimum or as
applicable outside the building line that has been defined as the interface between MEP and
Utilities/Infrastructure. From this point, the MEP services design is to provide the required
containment, plant, and equipment to facilitate government services down to households.
The utility services required by any of the projects will be a combination of external services
to the site and the onsite generation, recycle and reuse of resources using available
technologies as discussed above mentioned in the author’s article, which is a must to people.
However, the infrastructure utility domain that can be observed and ever planned in the
public domain is services composed of utility connections from/ to the households and
commercial establishments of the following MEP utility services aspects as follows:
1. Sewage Water (SW) and Surface Groundwater Services (SGW), this refers to the
Foul and Waste Water Drainage, which is the sewerage water network to the TSE
plant; and the Storm Water Drainage, which is the surface run-off water usually
discharged to a water body or treated and reused.
2. Power System, this refers to the renewable energy electrical grid and the cabling.
3. Chilled Water System, this refers to the infrastructure district cooling.
4. Potable Water System, this refers to the water supply network distribution.
Sewage Water & Surface Groundwater Services Network Design & Stakeholder Management | DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/R3KTQ
5. Domestic Hot Water, this refers to the infrastructure district heating.

6. Treated Sewage Effluent, this is commonly known as TSE which is recycled water.
7. Fire Hydrant Water Network is the hydrant water collection station which the
Firefighters use for fire suppression within the city landscape.
8. Utility Services Pumping Stations (Deep Well Injection) within the Public Domain
And with the identified above MEP utility services, item 1 is the main topic to discuss in this
article to emphasize the importance of sewage and surface groundwater services network to
us and to the environment we live in. Other utility services have been mentioned above will
be tackled in a separate subject for the next edition, which is also essential to the community.
Section 3.0
Infrastructure and Services on

Environmental Engineering Design Process
For any infrastructure and building design innovation, multiple alternative solutions are
possible, and the selected approach for one project may not be appropriate for the next
project. The chosen design will differ with the plan, its usage, location, and owner as well as
the technological application for various building functions within the public domain.
However, it’s only through analysis and an iterative process that examines the real estate
needs in the public domain, and the proposed architectural and engineering design can be the
most appropriate solution being selected by the infrastructure and building design engineer.
The infrastructure and building design plan must be completed through a technological
process incorporating the energy conservation or series of steps that are well established and
that will permit reviews of the evolving design by the owner to allow discussions of possible
modification of the model to better meet the perceived needs of goals towards sustainability.
The steps in the design process will usually be consistent with the parameters and the services
that are rendered on the project by the architect, environmental engineer, and infrastructure
and building services engineers for the requirement of the district cooling, electrical,
plumbing, drainage, telecommunication, agricultural, and fire protection engineering in the
public domain. However, amongst the professionals, the architect is always the leader of the
infrastructure design team to facilitate the design and stakeholder management as well as the
construction, while frequently independent practitioners will function at large for the project.
For any infrastructure development, e.g. Figure 6 will be associated with high-profile
developments that will promote the role of Qatar or any other country as a leading center for
tourism and business in the Middle East Region. And with the recent rapid economic and
industrial development in the region has increased pressures on the environment and thus
heightens the need for maintaining environmental quality. Issues of sustainability and the
integration of environmental considerations into design concepts are therefore required in the
planning stage in order to ensure the integrity of the environment for future generations.
Section 3.1
Importance of Environmental Impact Assessment
(EIA) in the Design Process
This Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) has to be developed at the same time while
Concept Design has been progressed and that will be presented to the Client for discussion
and approval. The simultaneous utility services and environmental design development have
been advantageous in the design process as it has time and allowed the incorporation of all
issues gathered especially with sustainability principles and respected utility services into the
final scope of the Surface Groundwater Services (SGW) Drainage Network Project as a
shown example in Figure 6. Additionally, due to the global phenomenon and pandemic
happening in the world, awareness of environmental issues is a must, and commitment to the
principles of sustainable development as prescribed by UNDPs must considerably incorporate
in the environmental engineering design plan and will approve by the authority and the client.
However, the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report has to be prepared and
developed with patience through desk studies, various site visits, consultations with the
respected regulatory authorities and investigations by independent sub-consultants so as to
have a perfect solution required for the project. The assessment of impacts shall be based on
the current design scope as agreed with the project client's vision. The study shall be prepared
in accordance with environmental authority with the required specified terms and technical
guidance for conducting an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) in the country.
And with all due respect, the recommendations that have been provided in the EIA must be
developed in line with international best practice guidelines and environmental parameters
that are assessed; the following tasks will be completed as part of the methodology:
 Contacting academic / interest groups to identify available environmental data for the
development area, which is as shown in Figure 6 for SW & SGW network design project;
 Undertaking baseline walkover assessments of the proposed Sewage Water (SW) and
Surface Groundwater Services (SGW) Drainage Network Project and surrounding area to
gain an appreciation of overall landscape and demographics;
 Conducting extensive surveys of the ecology and archaeology of the site area;
 Ensuring the assessment, as far as possible within the defined scope of work, that the
existing environment as defined in Figure 6 by the priority issues is not compromised;
 Identifying all practical and applicable mitigation measures for all the potential negative
impacts that will be identified during the process;
 The EIA, therefore, shall ensure compliance with the international best practices,
authority regulations, environmental law, and local code standards including adherence to
the principles of sustainable development by the UNDPs.
Moreover, all assessed environmental impacts will firstly be identified as being either
significant or insignificant, because, this is the vital point in determining priority impacts that
will require the development and implementation of mitigation measures. Also, impacts on
the human environment will be assessed according to the distance to the nearest residential
community identifies, which is termed as the sensitive receptor/receiver in the EIA report.
Section 3.2
Significance of Impact in the Design Process Inclusion
A ‘significant impact’ shall mean any fundamental change in the environment caused by
the proposed Sewage Water & Surface Groundwater Services (SGW) Drainage Network
Project to which it leaves long term and possibly irreversible effects on the natural
surroundings. And this can be either positive or negative effects in nature as discussed in
Section 5.2. Therefore, in order to determine the significance in detail, the following factors
must be carefully studied prior to finalizing the infrastructure and services on environmental
engineering design so as to have a concrete view for the project relevant to Figure 6 with the
followings:
 Number of people affected by the impact,
 The spatial extent of present species and habitats (local, regional, global),
 Duration of the impact,
 The intensity of the impact,
 Number of other environmental components affected by the impact,
 Cumulative nature of the impact,
 Reversibility or irreversibility of the impact, and
 Current status of the natural environment (i.e. pristine vs. disturbed),
Therefore, the environmental factors identified above are an essential part of the design
process to secure the reliability of the impact in which the development and implementation
of mitigation measures have to be carried and aware during the project implementation.
Section 3.3
Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA)
for the Project Development
Usually, due to the scale of the project development in the public domain, the design
process has to be agreed with the statutory authority, which is the Environmental
Management Department and SEA is undertaken and use for the Management Programme.
The Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) is defined as a systematic and anticipatory
process, undertaken to analyze the environmental effects of proposed plans, programs, and
other strategic actions and to integrate the findings into decision-making. SEA is a process
that is intended to improve the environmental and sustainable development aspects of a plan
or program. SEA is a proactive instrument aimed at influencing the development of the plan
or program. However, the SEA should form an integral and iterative part of the formulation
of the Environmental Management Programme required in the design project development.
Although SEA is not a mandatory process in the design project development, and whereas
possible, the SEA for the Environmental Management Programme must be aligned with the
UNECE Protocol as well as the UNECE Resource Manual to Support Application of the
Protocol on Strategic Environmental Assessment (UNECE, 2012) in the design development.
Figure 1, Public Sewerage Line Installation (AECOM Messaied Project)
Section 4.0
Sewage Water (SW) and

Surface Groundwater Services (SGW) Design Aspect
Every household, commercial complex and industrial establishments produce foul and
wastewater drainage that was piped and conveyed down to the house manhole, which is
connected to the public sewerage line in Figure 1 & transported via gravity from the pumping
station to pumping station until it reaches to the sewage treatment plant facilities in Figure 4.
All collected sewage water (SW) has been treated in three stages before it delivers back to the
public domain to be utilized conservatively and securely safe for commercial purposes, which
is known as the treated sewage effluent (TSE) produced after being treated from Figures 3/4.
And as part of the utility energy conservation as discussed in the author’s article, “Energy
Conservation for Utilities Means Sustainability,” CEAI ViewPoint Journal, September 2018
Edition, the produced water treated sewage effluent (TSE) will be pumped, conveyed through
the TSE pipeline in the public domain under normal pressure and distributed, which is mainly
used for public landscape parks water irrigation (Figure 5 as one of the examples), flushing
toilets for commercial high-rise buildings (Figure 5 for the Marriot Twin Towers), and
district water cooling supplied agent from the open type cooling towers to the designed main
chilled water pumps that have been circulated depending on the calculated designed pressure.
The sewage treatment process will be done in three stages as such; 1) the vortex degritters
have been used for grit removal in the first stage; 2) anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic is a biological
treatment process in removing the organic material and nitrogen brought by the incoming
wastewater that includes sedimentation with the settling tanks in the second stage; 3) finally
is using the granular media filtration with an advanced membrane and ultraviolet (UV)
disinfection technologies that have been equipped with odor control enhanced facilities.
The statement methodology can be simplified the design process in the provided schematic
figure as shown in Figure 3 as an innovative example whereas Figure 4 works for the sewage
treatment operational process that can be discussed below for the stages (Preliminary,
Secondary, Tertiary, Disinfection, Sludge Treatment, and Disposal) as follows;
Section 4.1
Preliminary Treatment Process
The preliminary treatment stage will comprise of screening and grit removal. All sewage
and the surface groundwater services (SGW) drainage network will be screened through 6-
millimeter perforations and de-gritted in a common inlet works. Septic waste delivered via
tankers will be received via close-coupled standpipes and will also be screened prior to
pumping to the inlet works. This strategy will reduce the potential for odor build-up.
Figure 2, Activated Sludge Process (credit; rvgomeseria)
Section 4.2
Secondary Treatment Process
The biological treatment of the sewage effluent will be provided using the Activated Sludge
(AS) process (Figure 2). However, the selected treatment type is extended aeration with no
primary settlement because, in the Middle East region, this process is suitable for hot climates
where primary settlement creates high odors and operational hazards to the environment.
There will be no primary settlement that will take place as this stage normally produces high
odor levels. After preliminary treatment, the incoming influent will be directly fed into
aeration tanks containing mixed liquor (bacterial culture), which will convert the organic
matter in the influent to more inert bacterial cells, CO 2, and nitrogen. The solids will be
settled out in the settlement tanks as sludge and removed for sludge treatment, a portion
which will always be returned to the AS Activated Sludge (AS) process plant to maintain a
consistent level of micro-organisms as designed recommended by the statutory authority.
Section 4.3
Tertiary Treatment Process
Tertiary treatment is proposed to clarify TSE (Treated Sewage Effluent) & provide removal
of solids including pathogens, e.g. giardia, helminth eggs, and nematodes. The process
involves the use of a sand filter followed by an ultra-filtration membrane. The membrane will
remove all particles with a pore size greater than 0.025 microns (0.000025mm) including
most solids, virtually all bacteria, and some viruses. Lastly is using the sand filter which will
be placed upstream so as to reduce any load on the membranes as charged.
Section 4.4
Disinfection Process
The sewage effluent will initially be disinfected by the ultra-violet light treatment which is
very effective in killing any remaining bacteria and viruses, particularly as the TSE (Treated
Sewage Effluent) will have a low suspended solids content following ultrafiltration. Then
finally the TSE (Treated Sewage Effluent) will be dosed with chlorine to further minimize
any residual pathogens as well as to minimize bacterial re-growth in the TSE system.
Section 4.5
Sludge Treatment and Disposal Process
The sludge generated at the STW (Sewage Treatment Works) will undergo thickening to
take it to dry solid content. It will then pass through aerobic digestion for the required days
that will reduce the dry solids content and also reduce volatile solids. The sludge from the
STW (Sewage Treatment Works) will then be dewatered, which will produce the desired dry
solid content. The processes described above are necessary, as they greatly reduce the sludge
volume, reduce the inherent odors of the sludge, and provide a cake that is well suited to
further treatment. Again, the process will provide a dried sludge product that will be used as a
soil conditioner and will not necessitate disposal by landfill or incineration.
The use of thermal drying of sludge will lead to a final product with a volume is reduced by
the final required dry solids content. The final product will also take the form of pellets which
will be stored in bags on pallets to allow for easy handling and transport as fertilizers.
Incoming sewage
Screening
Preliminary
Treatment Grit removal
Aeration
Secondary
treatment
Settlement
Sand-filtration Sludge Thickening
Tertiary
Treatment Aerobic digestion
Ultra-filtration
Sludge Sludge Dewatering

Treatment
UV Disinfection Imported
Disinfection sludge
Chlorination
Thermal Drying
Treated Sewage Sludge Granules /

Effluent Pellets
Figure 3, Sewerage Treatment Process (a) Doha West, (b) Al Dhakira (credit, rvgomeseria)
Section 4.6
Sewage Water (SW) and Surface Groundwater

Services (SGW) Concerns
And with all cases prior to sewage & surface groundwater services (SGW) drainage
network aspect of implementation, the structure of a Construction Environmental
Management Plan (CEMP) must be prepared to address the mitigation process and measures
based on the developed Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). However, this includes the
statement for the construction methodology that deals with all complaints and practices in
order to control any potential impacts during the construction. Also, the Environmental
Impact Assessment (EIA) is required to fulfill statutory regulations requirements promoting
sustainability for the project development of Figure 6 for the SGW drainage network design.
In the sewage water and surface groundwater services network, lagoons are strategically
designed to protect the environment against emergency discharges specifically for the desert
environment. On the other hand, the lagoon will be provided one day of storage for design
average daily flow for ultimate flows, and the design will be divided at least 3-compartments.
The entire wetted area of the lagoon (plus wave overrun areas on embankments) shall be
constructed of water retaining reinforced concrete, so that effluent cannot pass into the
ground. Fundamentally, the designed lagoon will be used for the following purposes;
 To store any surface groundwater or the storm flow in excess of the storm tank capacity,
 To hold any contaminated flow that arrives at the STW (Sewage Treatment Works),
 To allow for occasional storage of treated sewage effluent that cannot be disposed of
[where TSE (Treated Sewage Effluent) demand is temporarily insufficient], and
 To hold TSE (Treated Sewage Effluent) of substandard quality.
Moreover, the designed lagoons will include pumps to return the stored water effluent to the
STW (Sewage Treatment Works) for re-treatment before distribution in the public domain.
Section 5.0
Drainage Impact Assessment

within the Environmental Jurisdiction
For all the projects before design implementation, the Client Engineers & Management will
ask the Environmental Impact Assessment report for the project, because it is an essential
tool for the decision to move forward on how to decide with the proposed action and model.
Figure 4, Sewerage Treatment Plants (a) Doha West, (b) Al Dhakira (credit, ARCADIS)
In Section 3.1 discussed the importance of EIA in the project prior to project implementation,
however, the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is clearly defined by the Convention
on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the author’s quote that, “it is a process of evaluating the
likely environmental impacts of a proposed project or development, taking into account inter-
related socio-economic, cultural and human-health impacts, both beneficial and adverse.”
Thus, with all related impacts provided in the statement (EIS), the project team must be
aware of it. The creation of strategic environmental assessment needs to be developed so as to
facilitate the process in alignment with the project implementation provided in Section 6.
And as for the drainage project as shown in Figure 6 has to be studied about the positive and
negative effect on the environment. These contribute to environmental degradation,
hydrological areas, the quality of the surface, and subsurface water and ecological landscape.
Figure 5, West Bay with green patches complete of shrubs, ground covers, and trees around
Moreover, the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) aims to present a concise account of
the main issues of the development, which may have a significantly adverse impact on the
environment, e.g. Surface Groundwater Services (SGW) Drainage Network Project as shown
in Figure 6. In summary for the Drainage Impact Assessment, the main objectives are to:
 Establish the existing environmental conditions at the site and in the immediate vicinity
that would be potentially affected by the proposed development,
 Identify and document the potential effects, both positive and negative, that may arise
from the construction and operation of the proposed Surface Groundwater Services
(SGW) Drainage Network Project, taking account of the size and location, the sensitivity
of the local environment and the requirements of Statutory authorities,
 Assess priority impacts of noise and odor on the site and its immediate surroundings, and
 To identify and evaluate measures that may be employed to mitigate adverse impacts.
Figure 6, Qatar Outlet Area for the
Surface Groundwater Services (SGW)
Drainage Network Project
Section 5.1
Direct Effects of Installing

Surface Groundwater
Services (SGW)
The effect
of Figure 6 tends to the
subsurface as follows; (1) reduction in
the average amount of water stored in the
soil which will increase the moisture
storage and prolong hydro-graphs of
flow, (2) the effect of hydrological
changes conditions of soil and drainage
system characteristics, (3) change in land
use and capability, (4) subsurface
drainage will increase agricultural area, and (5) ecological tile-drained areas.
The natural groundwater resources in Figure 6 consist of limited quantities in alluvial

qualifiers and extensive groundwater reserves in deep sedimentary aquifers. However, other
than Figure 6, most of the projects concerning environmental impact assessment are more
concerned about the indirect effects compared to direct effects. It is because that the indirect
effect can be physical, chemical, biological, and hydrological, which can be made
complicated either, it could be positive or negative impacts. The positive impact can be
salinization, water table lowering, and productivity levels of the major crops; whilst the
negative impact is the effect owing to the discharge like excessive leaching of valuable soil
nutrients that are associated with salts of highly polluted drainage water composed of
coliform group of bacteria indicator, thus, will affect human health.
Section 5.2
Risk Impact on Surface Drainage
Owing Positive and Negative Effects in the Environment
Risk assessment reflects on human health from the ecological aspect and the approaches on
environmental management with all the issues following the policy and regulation in solving
the formulated problem and identified hazard from the release assessment, exposure
assessment, and consequence assessment, e.g. global climate change, loss of habitat and
biodiversity and the effects of multiple anthropogenic chemicals on ecological systems.
The ecological risk impact refers to the two separate things which are referring to the positive
and negative effects on the environment. Firstly, it is about the risk to the environment as a
result of human activity. One of the examples is those contaminated sites, e.g. Figure 6 of the
recent project within the communal urban areas. Secondly, the risk affecting the biota-flora,
fauna, and the people throughout the ecological aspect as a result of environmental hazards
and pollution, and from then, that will suffer the entire biodiversity and ecological landscape.
However, the drainage impact on surface groundwater services (SGW) drainage network
project has positive and negative effects as discussed above that contributes environmental
degradation such as; (1) effects on hydrological area, (2) effects on the quality of surface and
subsurface water, (3) effects on the ecological land areas, and (4) effects on the landscape.
Therefore, with all the carried environmental studies, the importance of environmental impact
assessment and its policy recommendations have to be provided in the first stage of design
review so as to secure a concrete vision and approval towards final design of the project
considering both positive and negative impacts that have been identified before the surface
groundwater services network (SGW) implementation as shown in Figure 4 in the country.
Moreover, a successful development application for the project will depend on the rational
use of environmental resources as being identified in the environmental impact assessment
(EIA) report on minimizing or eliminating any adverse environmental impacts by improving
the planning, environmental design, and project implementation guided by the environmental
management principles, policy, and regulation from the authority having jurisdiction.
Section 6.0
Stakeholder and Environmental Management System

for the Project in the Public Domain
With the risk impact assessment gathered throughout the area, an outline structure of a
Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP) must be developed following the
mitigation measures set out in the environmental impact assessment (EIA) that will describe
the methods for liaison, hours of work, methods to deal with complaints and management
practices to control potential impacts within the covered project area to ensure safeties.
The environmental report provides an outline of the environmental process in every country’s
jurisdiction, including the environmental permitting process, Strategic Environmental
Assessment (SEA) requirements as well as an assurance to the international commitments.
Moreover, the SEA application will identify the key environmental trends, potentials, and
constraints that may affect or may be affected by the Programme. It will determine the likely
significant environmental effects of the proposed options and the implementation of the
Programme. It will also consider the measures to avoid, reduce, or mitigate adverse effects
and to enhance positive effects. The SEA will provide a framework to inform subsequent
environmental assessment tiers including Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA).
Usually, there is a requirement from the Client or the statutory authority to establish and
administer an EMS (Environmental Management System) for the Programme. However, an
Environmental Management Plan (EMP) has to be developed for the Programme which
described how the EMS will be developed and implemented for the Programme.
And once the EMS (Environmental Management System) has been prepared and will:
 Establish and document (with statutory authority) environmental objectives for the
Programme that will be aligned with the Programme’s sustainability objectives and which
will be considered during the Programme as part of the stakeholder management;
 Assist the Programme in meeting its environmental legislative requirements particularly
in relation to environmental permitting and legislation;
 Ensure that environmental issues and risks are managed at the appropriate stages and
included in the decision-making process whilst still maintaining the Programme schedule;
 Identify roles and responsibilities related to environmental activities; and
 Describe processes for communicating, documenting, and auditing the Programme’s
environmental requirements and performance.
The proposed EMS has to be modeled relevant to the elements of ISO14001:2004
“Environmental Management Systems Requirements with Guidance for Use” so as to
promote a culture of continuous improvement. Also, this must be aligned with the other
relevant management systems and/or plans to be prepared for the Programme such as Quality
Management System and the Sustainability Plan, and that will be linked to the local authority.
The aspects and impacts register (Environmental Risk Register) has to be prepared. The
author provides an exercise sample as shown in Table 1 below with respect to Figure 6
requirement. The methodology for this Environmental Risk Register has to be included in the
Program’s EMS (Environmental Management System) Aspects, Impacts & Objects Report.
Table 1, Environmental Management System Aspects and Impacts of Figure 6
Activity Aspect Impact
Loss of habitat – this will be only a slight impact as
Overall
Land takes. the site is already urban and used for other
Programme
anthropogenic purposes.
Residential Beneficial social and economic impact from the

Additional residential area.
Villas increase in the availability of residential units.
Increase in waste
Increase pressure on landfill capacities.
production.
All facilities
Implementation of waste Beneficial impact by decreasing pressure on
segregation and recycling. landfill capacities.
Increase in water usage. Depletion of water as a natural resource.
Increase in wastewater Wastewater may have chemicals that if released
production. into the environment may be harmful.
An increase in power and energy consumption will

Power usage lead to an increase in demand for and depletion of
natural resources.
Poor management of waste can lead to odor

issues within the Programme site.
Poor waste management
Increase in pest species such as rats, mice, and
feral cats and dogs.
Introduction of non-native,
Damages to the local and native flora and fauna.
invasive species.
Use of plants that are not

Landscaping drought resistant and have a Depletion of a scarce natural resource.
high water demand.
Beneficial impact by a reduction in demand for
Use of TSE for irrigation.
potable water.
Beneficial impact by decreasing the overall
Reuse of greywater for WC
demand for potable water thereby reducing
and flushing.
Water Reuse pressure on natural resources.
and Recycling Beneficial impact by decreasing the overall
Recycling of black water into
demand for potable water thereby reducing
TSE and use for irrigation.
pressure on natural resources.
Discharge of chemical and sediments into the

Discharge into the
marine environment should there be no silt/oil
stormwater system and into
Surface traps or if these traps were not working
the marine environment.
Water effectively.
Drainage Reuse of rainwater for The beneficial impact by decreasing the overall
irrigation and other potable demand for potable water thereby reducing
uses. pressure on natural resources.
The beneficial impact of the segregation of waste

Waste segregation will facilitate waste recycling and reuse that will, in
turn, lead to a reduction in pressure on landfills.
The beneficial impact of underground waste

storage will reduce the visual impact to sensitive
Waste
receptors of waste storage areas.
Management Underground waste storage
The beneficial impact of underground waste
storage will reduce the exposure of organic waste
to the sun and therefore reduce odor impacts.
The beneficial impact of promoting the recycling

Compost plant
of organic waste and reducing the impact of waste
transfer to landfills.
Poor management of waste can lead to odor

issues within the Programme site.
Poor waste management
Increase in pest species such as rats, mice, and
feral cats and dogs.
Section 7.0
The Framework of Construction Environmental

Management Plan (CEMP)
The preparation of a CEMP is an established method of managing environmental impacts

resulting from the planning and implementation of construction works on major schemes.
This will be used as part of the construction document and will be updated as required.
Moreover, whoever the appointed contractor usually will require to prepare the CEMP prior
to construction works commencing. And this will be done once the EIA is completed and
approved by Environmental Statutory Authority in taking into consideration as follows: (1)
the final approved outcomes from the EIA Report; (2) the conditions and notes within the
issued Environmental Permit for the Project; (3) the contractor’s detailed construction works
method statements; (4) legislative requirements; and (5) construction industry best practice.
Checking, monitoring, and audit processes will be implemented effectively to ensure the
works are undertaken in accordance with the given requirements, together with measures to
make sure appropriate corrective actions or mitigation measures shall be carried out.
Section 8.0
System Analysis and Conclusion
The environmental impact assessment involves understanding the nature of whatever

changes that have been taken place as well as to determine its significance relevance to
human life whilst attribution or the contribution is about the impact on their interventions
within the infrastructure and built environment configuration as required by the Authority.
As an Environmentalist, the approaches and issues to the environment must be studied
carefully for whatever project that needs to be done in the proposed area so that this will not
be compromised. The strategic environmental impact assessment (EIA) is the answer for
every project prior to construction works commencing as discussed in every section hereof.
The purpose is to facilitate the environmental legislation and approval as part of stakeholder
management especially for sewage water (SW) and surface groundwater services (SGW)
drainage network projects owing positive and negative effects from the ecological aspect and
the approaches on environmental management in the public domain to secure human health.
All relevant issues might be changed depending on the approaches towards environmental
design brought from residential, commercial, and industrial establishments which will require
utility services combination of external services to the site and the onsite generation, recycles,
and reuse of resources using available technologies. Hence, the overall infrastructure goal is
to redevelop and secure a healthy environment from the design process to sustainable living.
Moreover, the overall construction effects following EMS and CEMP are anticipated to be
moderated to slight adverse, and the process will be temporary in nature until the project
handover. However, the operational phase will result in a slight to moderate beneficial effects
from the Project design in improving the road, pedestrian, cycleways, and public transport
network once all utility services have been laid, tested, done, and client handover.
Section 9.0
Write-up References to Read

1. UNECE Resource Manual to Support Application of the Protocol on Strategic
Environmental Assessment (UNECE, 2012)
2. MoE; (2004b); National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan for Qatar
3. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE); (2010); Protocol on
Strategic Environmental Assessment
4. ISO14001:2004; “Environmental Management Systems Requirements with Guidance for
Use”
5. MoE, (2012). Technical Guidelines on the Requirements for Environmental Impact Study
(EIA) and its Terms of Reference & Scope of Works (ToR & SoW) for the Roads &
Infrastructures Projects. State of Qatar
6. Gomeseria RV; (2018); “DBCE 101 Building Socio-Cultural Construction Environment
Thesis,” School of Science and Engineering, AIU, Hawaii, USA
7. PWA (2005), Qatar Sewer and Drainage Design Manual. Latest Edition. State of Qatar
8. Environmental Impact Assessment; (n.d.); Retrieved from;
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_impact_assessment
9. Environmental Impact Assessment; (n.d.); Retrieved from;
https://www.cbd.int/impact/whatis.shtml
10. Gomeseria RV; “A View on the Implementation of Biodiversity Conservation;”
Durreesamin Journal (ISSN: 2204-9827), December Vol. 4 Issue 3, 2018; Retrieved from;
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330601292_View_on_the_Implementation_of_
Biodiversity_Conservation
11. Gomeseria RV; “Helping Future Environmental Movement with Strategies;”
Durreesamin Journal (ISSN: 2204-9827), December Vol. 4 Issue 3, 2018; Retrieved from;
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330618618_Helping_Future_Environmental_M
ovement_with_Strategies
12. Gomeseria RV; “Importance of Remote Sensing & Monitoring in Engineering Projects,”
ViewPoint, March 2019; CEAI Quarterly Magazine, India; Retrieved from; Retrved from;
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332276962_Importance_of_Remote_Sensing_a
nd_Monitoring_in_the_Engineering_Projects_CEAI_ViewPoint_Journal_March_2019_E
dition_Consulting_Engineers_Association_of_India
13. Gomeseria RV; “Environmental Engineering in Built-Up Areas,” ViewPoint Journal,
December 2019; CEAI Quarterly Magazine, India; Retrieved from;
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338456513_Environmental_Engineering_in_Bu
ilt-
Up_Areas_CEAI_ViewPoint_Journal_December_2019_Edition_Consulting_Engineers_
Association_of_India
14. Gomeseria RV; “Building Services in the Environmental Landscape,” ViewPoint Journal,
March 2020; CEAI Quarterly Magazine, India; Retrieved from;
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340684566_Building_Services_in_the_Environ
mental_Landscape_CEAI_ViewPoint_Journal_March_2020_Edition_Consulting_Engine
ers_Association_of_India
15. Gomeseria RV; “Energy Conservation for Utilities Means Sustainability,” ViewPoint
Journal, September 2018; CEAI Quarterly Magazine, India; Retrieved from;
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330093155_Energy_Conservation_for_Utilities
_Means_Sustainability_CEAI_ViewPoint_Journal_September_2018_Edition_Consulting
_Engineers_Association_of_India
16. Gomeseria RV; (Dec 28, 2018); “Building Energy Conversion Technology;” DBCE106
Course Thesis on Ph.D. in Building and Construction Engineering; Atlantic International
University, USA
17. Gomeseria RV; (April 05, 2019); "Building Services Engineering Management;" Ret fr;
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332232932_Building_Services_Engineering_M
anagement
18. Gomeseria RV; (March 2020); "Poverty Alleviation in the Construction Environment;"
ResearchGate; Retrieved from;
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340255710_Poverty_Alleviation_in_the_Constr
uction_Environment
Section 10
Acknowledgment
In the development of the author’s Write-up Study in many occasions as well as his daily life
routine despite difficulties and frustrations as an Engineering Practitioner, firstly, however,
the author offered this success to the Heavenly Father, our GOD, for giving him extra
strength, unselfish wisdom, and guidance to make his dreams come true in all aspect of his
desires only for the sake of his beloved family and their future.
The author hereby acknowledges for the full support and encouragement from his beloved
family as they are his daily inspirations and extra strength in his journey and their journey in
this living world; his beloved wife, Jennifer (Mei Ling) and their daughters and sons; Weng,
Aje, Jenjen, Jonjon, and Rheion, enhancing his professional status voluntarily to level-up his
professional career in this golden age of world competences, a success throughout his career.
The author is thankful also to their Editor in Chief, Mr. A P Mull of the CEAI ViewPoint
Journal for his unselfish support, kindness, and advice throughout the write-up configuration
in the fulfillment and completion of the author’s Write-up Study entitled, “Sewage Water &
Surface Groundwater Services Network Design & Stakeholder Management,” as part choices
of the ViewPoint Journal September 2020 Edition Theme, “Stakeholder Management in
Public Infrastructure Projects.
Thanks and Best Regards, GOD Bless!
Ronald Valledor Gomeseria, PhD

Professional Engineer / Chartered Environmentalist
Journal of Engineering & Construction Studies
MEPF & Environmental Consultancy
University of the Philippines Alumnus Lifetime Member
Doha, Qatar / Quezon City, NCR, Philippines
Section 11
About the Author

27,770+ LinkedIn Followers Connections
Er. Ronald Valledor Gomeseria, Ph.D. ME/PME, PE, PEng, CEng, CBuildE, CEnv, APEC (IntPE) ACPE ASEANEng
Licensed/Registered Professional Engineer; PME-Phils, Grade “A” PE-Qatar, PE-India, PEng-UK;
Licensed/Registered Chartered Engineer; CEng-India, CEng-UK;
Licensed/Registered Chartered Environmentalist; CEnv-India;
Licensed/Registered Chartered Engineering Manager; CEMgr-USA;
Licensed/Registered Chartered Health Care Manager; CHCMgr-USA;
Licensed/Registered Specialized Engineering Manager; SEMgr-UK;
Licensed/Registered Specialized Project Manager; SPMgr-UK;
Licensed/Registered Master Project Manager; MPM-USA;
Licensed/Registered Certified International Project Manager; CIPM-USA;
Licensed/Registered Chartered Building Engineer; CBuildE-UK;
Licensed ASEAN Engineer; ASEAN Chartered Professional Engineer; APEC Engineer (Phils/ASEAN/International);
Licensed/Registered Plumbing Engineer / Master Plumber (Philippines);
Licensed/Registered Mechanical Engineer (Philippines);
Licensed/Registered Master Electrician (Philippines);
CHARTERED FELLOW AWARDS (from different institutions) – FCIBSE, FCABE, FSPE, FIMS, FCIML, FAAMP
Article Writer – CEAI ViewPoint Journal | Durresamin Journal | Engineering Publishing House (EPH) Journal
Author – Rank 1 and Top 1% Author of the Academia and the Research Gate
Visual Artist – Painting/Sculpture (Arts Association of the Philippines | Society of Philippine Sculpture)
Musical Inclined – Previously Lead Guitarist in the Band (Singing and Musical Lyric Composition)
Activist / Blogger – Environmental and Political Aspects on Twitter and LinkedIn Pulse Publishing
Sustainability Online Course: Professional Certificate on the Climate Energy Challenge (83% Final Grade)
Sustainability Online Course: Professional Certificate on the Health Effects of Climate Change (87% Final Grade)
Harvard University, USA
RCRANRM / CCA&DRM / IAPA Sustainability Courses Graduate – UPOU CEP Class Topnotch/High Distinction
NEP / PED / eCOM / SAfE Business Courses Graduate; UPOU CEP Class Topnotched/Distinction/High Distinction
Post Graduate Diploma / Master of Environment and Natural Resources Management – (URM/CRM)
University of the Philippines, Los Banos, Philippines
Master of Science in Construction Management (1.14 GPA [4.0 US GPA] Topnotched)
Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Sta. Mesa, Manila Campus, Philippines
Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering (3.78 GPA-US Magna Cum Laude)
Ph.D. in Building and Construction Engineering (4.0 GPA-US Summa Cum Laude)
Ph.D. in Environmental Engineering (2017 – Present)
Atlantic International University, USA
Master of Arts in Teaching in Refrigeration & Air Conditioning Technology (1.12 GPA [4.0 US GPA] Topnotched)
Eulogio “Amang” Rodriguez Institute of Science and Technology, Manila, Philippines
Bachelor of Science in Fire Protection and Life Safety (Distinction)
Hill University, USA
Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
Bicol University, Legazpi City, Philippines
Secondary High School (with Honors and Leadership Awardees)
La Consolacion College, Philippines
Elementary Grade School (Valedictorian, Leadership and Special Awardees)
Mercedes Central Elementary School, Philippines
Open Access Research Published – ResearchGate Platform

 “Engineering Design to Improve the Agricultural Production in the Rural Areas” (Top 1 / 170+ Recommendations)
The proposed research study is to alleviate poverty in the agricultural sector, which is to improve agricultural production
through innovative agricultural engineering services design with renewable solar energy design applications as
alternative energy to handle some vital problems whereas the farmers are facing now. 61.0+ Top 1 Research Interest /
Top 4th Most Read/Views in the author’s ResearchGate platform out of 126 pieces of research items uploaded.
CEAIndia ViewPoint Journal Quarterly Magazine Publications – 2018 to Present
 “Digital Engineering on Built Environment,” CEAI ViewPoint Journal, December 2020 Edition (ongoing write-up article)
 “Services Infrastructure Design & Project Management in Public Domain,” CEAI ViewPoint Journal, Sept 2020 Edition
 “Building Services Design to Prevent the Spread of COVID19,” CEAI ViewPoint Journal, June 2020 Edition
 “Building Services in the Environmental Landscape,” CEAI ViewPoint Journal, March 2020 Edition
 “Environmental Engineering in Built-Up Areas,” CEAI ViewPoint Journal, December 2019 Edition
 “Planning, Design & Construction - Safety & Security Policy;" CEAI ViewPoint Journal; September 2019 Edition
 "Future of Engineering within the Ecosystem;" CEAI ViewPoint Journal; June 2019 Edition
 “Importance of Remote Sensing & Monitoring in Engineering Projects,” CEAI ViewPoint, March 2019 Edition
 "Engineering Consultancy in the World's Environmental Movement;" CEAI ViewPoint Journal; December 2018 Edition
 “Energy Conservation for Utilities Means Sustainability,” CEAI ViewPoint Journal, September 2018 Edition
 "Skyscraper Fire Protection, An Asset Management Strategy;" CEAI ViewPoint Journal; June 2018 Edition
 “Environmental Possibilism,” CEAI ViewPoint Journal, March 2018 Edition
Durreesamin Journal (ISSN 2204-9827) Publications – 2018 to Present
 “A View on the Implementation of Biodiversity Conservation” Durreesamin Journal, December Vol. 4 Issue 3, 2018
 “Helping Future Environmental Movement with Strategies” Durreesamin Journal, December Vol. 4 Issue 3, 2018
 "Environmental Change Means to the State, as an Advocate" Durreesamin Journal, December Vol. 4 Issue 3, 2018
 "The Challenge of Online eLearning as an Online eLearner in Today's Environment" Durreesamin Journal, 2018
 "A Talk in the Challenge of Environmental Problems" Durreesamin Journal, December Vol. 4 Issue 3, 2018
 "The Role of Biodiversity in Addressing the Issues Associated with Poverty and the Impacts of Climate Change"
 "A Point of Understanding after Reading the Text," Durreesamin Journal, December Vol. 4 2018
 "Hypocrisy of Environmental Advocacy Thought and Actions in Need" Durreesamin Journal, December Vol. 4 2018
 "Challenge of Environmental Advocacy in Construction Industry" Durreesamin Journal, Dec Vol. 4 Issue 3, 2018
 "Reinforcing Existing Ideas on the Sand and Dust Storms Environmental Impact" Durreesamin Journal, Dec 2018
 "The Implication of Law of Ecology Means to the Environment" Durreesamin Journal, December Vol. 4 Issue 3, 2018
 "Environmental Perception as an Advocate" Durreesamin Journal, December Vol. 4 Issue 3, 2018
 "Stood Out Ideas on Climate Change Act" Durreesamin Journal, December Vol. 4 Issue 3, 2018
 "Experiences, Ideas and Observation Environmental Advocacy" Durreesamin Journal, December Vol. 4 Issue 3, 2018
 "Activities and Experiences in Environmental Movement" Durreesamin Journal, December Vol. 4 Issue 3, 2018
 "Thoughts & Actions in Environmental Advocacy" Durreesamin Journal, December Vol. 4 Issue 3, 2018
 "Environmental Change Awareness" Durreesamin Journal, December Vol. 4 Issue 3, 2018
 "Engineering Consultancy for the Nation Building in the World's Environmental Movement" Durreesamin Journal
 "What is the Total Mining Ban Means to Me to the Environment" Durreesamin Journal, December Vol. 4 Issue 3, 2018
 "Environment Possibilism" Durreesamin Journal (ISSN: 2204-9827) March Vol 4 Issue 1, the Year 2018
Top 14 Most Read Articles Published at ResearchGate, Academia & LinkedIn
1. The eCommerce Business Plan, (ResearchGate Platform), 57.0+ Top 2 RG Research Interest Score
 Consistent Top 1 Article - RG University of the Philippines Open University (UPOU) Platform for many months now.
2. Environmental Determinism, (Published at Academia Platform)
3. Building Services Engineering Management, (Published at Academia Platform)
4. Reflection on the Battle of Manila Bay, (Published at LinkedIn Platform)
5. Fire Detection and Alarm System, (Published at LinkedIn Platform)
6. Environment Possibilism, Durreesamin Journal (Published at Academia Platform)
7. The Approach of the Four Laws of Ecology, (Published at LinkedIn Platform)
8. The Effect of Nacirema Body Ritual and Practices, (Published at ResearchGate Platform)
9. The Importance of Environmental Communication, (Published at LinkedIn Platform)
10. High Rise Building Fire Environment, (Published at Academia Platform)
11. The Economic Analysis of Fire Sprinkler System, (Published at LinkedIn Platform)
12. Religion, the Primary Cause of Environmental Problems, (Published at Academia)
13. Persuasion and Networking, (Published at ResearchGate Platform)
14. Experiences, Ideas, and Observation Environmental Advocacy, Durreesamin Journal (Published at ResearchGate)
“All Articles are published in ResearchGate and it is the world’s largest & most popular scholarly
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Ronald Gomeseria y Valledor, Ph.D.

MEPF & Environmental Consultancy

The Cover Page for the “Sewage Water & Surface

ePrinted from/by Gomeseria, Ronald y Valledor, Quezon City, Philippines

ePrinting, 2020 | DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/R3KTQ © Author 2020.

Figure 1: Public Sewerage Line Installation (AECOM Messaied Project)………………. 08

Stakeholder Infrastructure and

5. Domestic Hot Water, this refers to the infrastructure district heating.

Infrastructure and Services on

Figure 1, Public Sewerage Line Installation (AECOM Messaied Project)

Sewage Water (SW) and

Figure 2, Activated Sludge Process (credit; rvgomeseria)

Sand-filtration Sludge Thickening

Sludge Sludge Dewatering

Treated Sewage Sludge Granules /

Sewage Water (SW) and Surface Groundwater

Drainage Impact Assessment

Direct Effects of Installing

The natural groundwater resources in Figure 6 consist of limited quantities in alluvial

Stakeholder and Environmental Management System

Residential Beneficial social and economic impact from the

An increase in power and energy consumption will

Poor management of waste can lead to odor

Use of plants that are not

Discharge of chemical and sediments into the

The beneficial impact of the segregation of waste

The beneficial impact of underground waste

The beneficial impact of promoting the recycling

Poor management of waste can lead to odor

The Framework of Construction Environmental

The preparation of a CEMP is an established method of managing environmental impacts

System Analysis and Conclusion

The environmental impact assessment involves understanding the nature of whatever

Write-up References to Read

Ronald Valledor Gomeseria, PhD

About the Author

Open Access Research Published – ResearchGate Platform

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Sewage Water & Surface Groundwater Services Network Design & Stakeholder Management

Sewage Water & Surface Groundwater Services Network Design & Stakeholder Management