Let’s first of all start from the basics, to define an object we need to specify some

parameters like length, width & breadth in physical space. In ordinary sense these
physical parameters are known as the dimensions of an object. But as we all know, every
object in this universe is in motion. Therefore time is often considered as the fourth
dimension to perfectly define an object’s position in space at an instance of time.
According to this statement, for instance for defining a particular object’s status
&position of an object say pencil box is not defined completely by its length, breadth and
height unless we also specify the point at which its position was observed. For example
by saying this statement “a pencil box of dimension 8cm x 10cm x 2cm” we do not refer
to the point of time when it existed or will exist, if we say “that there is a pencil box of
dimensions 8cm x 10cm x 2cm” we are specifying the time of its existence and hence
distinguishing it from other similar objects.

Now let us move towards a more specific definition of dimensions as in mathematics and
physics i.e. the dimension of a space or object is informally defined as the minimum
number of co-ordinates needed to specify each point within it. Applying this definition to
various geometrical entities for ex.: A point which has no length, no breadth, no height
defines itself as, it does not contain any other point in it so no coordinates are required to
define it and hence is a zero dimensional object. A line requires only 1 coordinate to
completely define any point on it. Hence, it is a 1 dimensional object. (But a curved line
is a 2 dimensional object). A plane requires 2 coordinates to completely define any point
on it. Hence it is a 2dimensional object. (But a curved plane is a 3dimensional object). A
cube (any other geometrical object with a volume) requires 3 coordinates to completely
define any point on it. Hence it is a 3 dimensional object. (But similarly a curved cube is
a 4 dimensional object cannot be visualized by because we are used to a 3 dimensional
world.)

Explain formation of 2D (curve) from 1D (line), 3D (Mobius strip) from 2D (strip of

paper), 4D (Klein’s bottle) from 3D (Frustum –special).

Now lets recap what we have just discussed, at the beginning we discussed as time being
the 4th dimension but just now we discussed as Klein’s Bottle being an object with 4
dimensions where the 4th dimension is not time.

So what is the 4th dimension???????

When reading about Einstein's Relativity Theory, you will learn about the "curvature of
space". Essentially, what that means is that if you keep on travelling in the same direction
through the universe, you will eventually arrive back at your starting point. It would be
similar to following the equator all the way round the Earth, except that out in space the
curvature is apparently through a "fourth dimension".
This could indeed be true, although no one knows for certain. If so, then there must be a
fourth physical dimension (which probably has nothing at all to do with "Time",
incidentally). Because we are just three-dimensional creatures (possessing length, width
and height) we are not free to travel into or across a fourth physical dimension - if indeed
there is one. Of course, this is why we cannot visualise it easily.
To help illustrate the point, Edwin Abbott (several years before Einstein) wrote a book
entitled Flatland. It was about two-dimensional creatures who lived entirely within a
plane surface. Thus, they possessed only length and width, not height. Some were fat,
like circles or hexagons, and others were thin, almost like lines. That was really padding
to the story; the most important point was their confinement within the flat surface
forming the mini-universe they knew. Thus, they could move north, south, east or
westwards, but not up or down out of their plane.
Now imagine those creatures transferred to the surface of a sphere. It would then be
possible for them to migrate right round it - arriving back at their starting point despite
maintaining what they thought was a straight-line course all the way. With no concept of
a third dimension, they would probably be at a complete loss to explain how they had
returned.
Even if their globe was too large for circumnavigation, they could still discover that there
was something strange about their mini-universe - by drawing circles of ever-increasing
radius (which would be like parallels of latitude on Earth). Measuring the circumference
of a very large circle - would then yield a value lower than expected, because their
calculations would be based on what they thought was its radius (measured along the
curved surface of the sphere). The true radius is of course less, lying inside the sphere.
It is possible that we humans are in a comparable position, so if we travelled far enough
out into space, we might experience effects like those confronting the hypothetical
Flatlanders on their sphere. In scientific terms, our known three-dimensional universe
would then be just the surface of a "hypersphere" which curves round through a fourth
dimension we cannot see.
Despite all that, sometimes you will read that Time is the fourth dimension, but it is
unhelpful and confusing for a lay person to regard it as such. This is because Time seems
so fundamentally different from the three known physical dimensions, which are

i. Left-Right
ii. Forward-Backward, and
iii. Up-Down.
It is true that there are ways of regarding Time as a fourth dimension, by arguing that we
also possess "duration" - in addition to our size as defined by three physical
measurements. However, we are not able to move forwards or backwards through time.

Nevertheless, it is sometimes convenient to write mathematical equations in which "times

of occurrence" and "spatial positions" are examined simultaneously: in a way that is like
treating Time as a fourth dimension.

Explanation of 4D objects like tassaract.

In geometry, the tesseract, also called an 8-cell or regular octachoron, is the four-
dimensional analog of the cube. The tesseract is to the cube as the cube is to the square.
Just as the surface of the cube consists of 6 square faces, the hypersurface of the tesseract
consists of 8 cubical cells. An n dimensional object can only be represented in n-1
dimensions. Hence a tesseract can only be represented in 3D animation which can be as
follows. (After drawing)it seems as if the shape of the object is changing but actually the
object is only rotated.