Bicol University

College of Engineering
Department of Chemical Engineering
Legazpi City
•••
First Semester | A.Y. 2019-2020

Laboratory Plan 1:
Standardization of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) with
Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate (KHP)

Alliza Kaye C. Casulla

BSChE – 1C

Engr. Jeremiah Burac

Chemistry for Engineers Professor

January 2020

I. OBJECTIVES
  To standardize sodium hydroxide solution with potassium hydrogen phthalate using
phenolphthalein as indicator.
 To know the molarity or concentration of the standardize solution.
 To calculate the concentration of the molarity based from the recorded data during the
experimentation.
 To know and be familiar on how to execute titration.
 To observe the stages and identify if the solution has standardized or meet the end point with
the help of the change in the analyte’s color.

II. MATERIALS

QUANTITY REAGENTS
150 ml Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)
3g Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate (KHP)
Phenolphthalein
1L Distilled Water
Table 1. Shows the amount/quantity of reagents for every solution

QUANTITY SPECIFICATION APPARATUS/MATERIALS

2 150 ml Beaker
5 250 ml Erlenmeyer Flask
1 Funnel
1 50 ml Burette
2 25 ml Pipette
1 Aspirator
1 Stopper
1 White Tile
1 Burette Clamp and Stand
1 Digital Balance
1 Wash Bottle
Table 2. Shows the specification and quantity of laboratory apparatuses

III. METHODOLOGY
A. Preparation of KHP
1. Rinse the apparatus specifically the four Erlenmeyer flask that will be used in titration.
2. Weigh .5 g of KHP in the digital balance and transfer it to the flask.
3. Pipette 40 ml water and transfer it to the beaker.
4. Pour the pipetted water to the flask with the KHP and dissolve it thoroughly.
5. Add three drops of phenolphthalein, mix it and set it aside.
6. Repeat the first to fifth step on the other flask.

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B. Preparation of the NaOH
1. Pipette 150 ml of sodium hydroxide and transfer it to the Erlenmeyer flask.
2. After transferring the solution, put the stopper on the Erlenmeyer flask for the solution to not react in
the air/environment.

C. Preparation of the Burette

1. Rinse the burette with distilled water. For the final rinsing, use 3 ml of NaOH solution that was
prepared and drain it through the stopcock.
2. Attach the burette to the burette clamp mounted on a ring stand. Fill the burette with NaOH solution
above the zero mark with the help of a funnel. Open the stopcock to allow the excess of the
solution for it to be in exactly mark of zero. Make sure that the tip of the burette is filled with the
solution and must be no bubbles as it may affect accuracy of your titration.

Titration Set-up

D. Standardization of NaOH Solution

1. Get the Erlenmeyer Flask containing the KHP solution that was set aside. Put the mouth of the flask
under the tip of the burette like in the picture above. Also place a white tile or a white sheet of paper
under the flask for easier detection on the change in color of the KHP solution.
2. Adjust the distance between the burette and the flask. Make sure that the distance can enable you
to swirl the flask.
3. Before starting, record the initial reading of the NaOH solution in the burette.
4. Titrate the first sample that has KHP solution by slowly adding NaOH. The first sample may serve
as your scout titration though it is optional wherein this is not a precise titration, but this allows you
to estimate how many mL of titrant (NaOH solution) needed for the solution to meet the end point.
Constantly swirl the flask until you meet the end point or when there is an appearance of faint pink
color that persists even after 30 second or after the swirling of the flask. Record the reading of the
burette and take it down.
5. After knowing the estimated mL of titrant needed for the solution to be neutralize (if you opted to
have a scout titration proceed to step seven after this, if not proceed to step six immediately), you
can titrate the other sample easier as you can run down to the value of the titrant needed even
without constantly swirling the flask however put a 0.5 allowance or subtract 0.5 mL to the reading

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 that was given in the step four for you to precisely get the exact value/mL of titrant needed. When it
is on the allowance you drawn, slowly add titrant to the analyte and swirl it constantly.
6. Get the other sample and do the step three, slowly add the titrant and swirl the flask continuously.
7. When it meets the end point, take the burette final reading and jot it down on your report sheet.
8. Repeat the steps for the other samples.

E. Calculation
1. From the data you recorded during the experiment, calculate the moles and molarity of the analyte
with the use of the formula:

2. From the step one, calculate the molarity or concentration of the titrant or the NaOH solution.

3. Take down your calculations and repeat the steps one and two to the other samples as the value
recorded in every sample surely vary even though the difference between them is only 0.2 or 0.1
mL.
4. Proceed in answering the questions given by your professor if there are any.