Running head: COMPARATIVE DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS 1

Comparative Development Prospects: India versus China

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Comparative Development Prospects: India versus China

National development refers to a holistic, balanced view of sustained growth and

change of a country's socio-economic and political facet quantitatively and qualitatively.

Evaluating a country's potential for development requires analyzing such critical factors as a

time-based performance of a planned economy, scientific research and technological

innovation, human resources development, and industrial output in relative terms. Based on

recent research evidence, and judging by these factors, India has higher development

prospects than China. While China's economy is more robust and dynamic, India's growth

and development prospects lie in more promising areas, such as a faster-growing population,

a responsive education system, favorable labor policy, and a harmonious social economy.

India's education system is designed to match its growing labor market needs in a

fashion that could spur its economic development past China. India boasts the world's largest

education system, operated effectively by both public and private players (Aithal & Aithal,

2019). India's sustained positive educational outcomes, such as higher quality research

output, stimulate capacity for innovation, entrepreneurship, and industrialization quicker than

in China, thereby creating a net effect favorable for more significant, sustainable economic

growth. The Indian education system is ideal for robust, long-term national development as it

aids in expanding the already large labor market. Acknowledging that India has sustained

these favorable conditions well over a century, it is possible to develop more than China.

Deregulation of India's robust, growing labor market will catalyze national

development well-past China in the foreseeable future. The country's human capital

deregulation policies enable higher flexibility and efficiency and higher national productivity

at the state level. They facilitate the provision of competitive wage levels, thereby enabling

the mobility of more citizens into middle-income. Market deregulation is a critical driver of

competitiveness and innovation (Michie & Sheehan, (2003). However, its economic benefits
COMPARATIVE DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS 3

elude China because of its government's more than necessary involvement in economic

policy formulation and implementation. Therefore, in relative terms, the Indian labor market

can potentially contribute more significantly to national development than the Chinese.

Recent decades have revealed that India's diverse, vibrant social economy stimulates

national development on a larger scale compared to China. A favorable balance of socio-

cultural, economic, environmental, and political capital makes India more likely to out-

develop China decades ahead. Besides a robust, functional democracy, India boasts a vibrant

civil society, a peace-oriented religious culture, and sound environmental policy. According

to Kapilla (2018), India aligns its national development agenda to the world's best practices

by adopting green initiatives to deliver more renewable energy in partnership with like-

minded partners. Contrastingly, China's economic policy, albeit spurring growth and

development, stifles progress in critical facets of national development, such as

environmental conservation, civil liberties, and inclusive governance. A stronger social

economy puts India on a stabler path to sustainable development than China.

India's ideal education system, favorable labor policies, and compatible social

economy are critical national development stimuli that could see the country achieve more

than China in decades ahead. Its robust, productive formal and informal education set-up

spurs quality research output necessary for accelerated innovation, industrialization, and

entrepreneurship. Additionally, labor deregulation policies support ascent into middle and

high-income classes by citizens. Lastly, India's social economy set-up is conducive for

sustained, stable long-term national development. Judging by these three critical drivers of

socio-economic and political growth, India will develop more than China.
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References

Aithal, P. S., & Aithal, S. (2019). Analysis of Higher Education in Indian National Education

Policy Proposal 2019 and its Implementation Challenges. International Journal of

Applied Engineering and Management Letters (IJAEML), 3(2), 1-35. Retrieved from

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334326756_Analysis_of_Higher_Education

_in_Indian_National_Education_Policy_Proposal_2019_and_its_Implementation_Ch

allenges

Kapila. K., (2018). New green initiatives: inching towards renewable energy. Media India.

Retrieved from https://mediaindia.eu/renewable-energy/new-green-initiatives/

Michie, J., & Sheehan, M. (2003). Labor market deregulation,‘flexibility ‘and

innovation. Cambridge journal of economics, 27(1), 123-143. Retrieved from

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/5208362_Labour_market_deregulati

on_'flexibility'_and_innovation