WORKSHEET 5

Fill in each blank with a suitable word

Psychologists have long known that having a set/group of cherished companions is crucial to mental well-
being. In addition, a recent study by Australian investigators concluded that our friends even help to prolong our
lives. The scientists analyzed data from a decade-long survey called the Australian Longitudinal Study of Aging,
which was started/initiated in 1992. It concentrates on the social environment, general health, lifestyle and age of
death of 1,477 persons older than 70 years. Study participants/subjects were asked how much personal and
telephone contact they had with friends, children, relatives and acquaintances.
Researchers were surprised to learn/find that friendships increased life expectancy to a far greater extent
than, say, frequent contact with children and other relatives. This benefit held/remained true even after these
friends had moved away to another city and was independent of factors such as socioeconomic status, health and
way of life.
What exactly underlies this effect on longevity? Apparently, the scientists posit, it is not merely the mutual
buoying of spirits that occurs among associates. What is more important is that the support given and received by
friends is voluntary and pleasurable and not just the result of a sense of duty or convention. In contrast to our
own families, we are able to choose our friends.
According to the Australian scientists, the ability to have relationships with people to whom one is
important has a positive effect on physical and mental health. Stress and the tendency toward depression are
reduced, and behaviors that are harmful/detrimental/damaging to health, such as smoking and drinking, occur
less frequently. The investigators speculate that in times of calamity in particular, our support networks can raise
our moods and feelings of self-worth and offer/create helpful strategies for dealing with difiicult personal
challenges.

Correct 25 mistakes in the following passage

In Of the seven continents, Australia is the flattest, smallest, but and except for Antarctica, the most arid.
Included Including the southeastern island of Tasmania, the island continent is roughly equal in the area to the
United States, excluded excluding Alaska and Hawaii. Million of years of geographic isolation with from other
landmasses accounts for Australia’s unique animal species, notable notably marsupial mammals as like the
kangaroo, egg laying mammals like the platypus, and the flightless emu bird. Excluding folded structures (areas
warped by geologic forces) along Australia’s east coast, patches of the northern coastline and the relatively lush
island of Tasmania, the continent is most mostly dry, bleak and inhospitable.
Australia has been less affected by seismic and orogenic (mountain building) forces to than other
continents during the past 400 million years. Since Although seismic (earthquake) activity persists in the eastern
and western highlands, Australia is the most stable of all continents. In the recent geological past, it has
experienced no none of the massive upheavals responsible for uplifting the Andes in South America, the
Himalayas in south Asia or the European Alps. However Instead Australia's topography is the last end result of
gradual changes over millions of years. Australia is not the oldest continent, a spread widespread misconception
arising from the continent’s flat, seeming seemingly unchanged expanse. Geologically there it is the same age as
the Americas, Asia, Africa, Europe and Antarctica. But Australia’s crust has skipped escaped strong earth forces
in recent geological history, working accounting for its relatively uniform appearance. As a result, the continent
plays serves as a window to early geological ages.
About 95 million years ago, tectonic forces (movements and pressures of the earth's crust) split Australia
from Antarctica and the southern supercontinent of Gondwanaland. Geologists estimate that the continent is
drifting northward at the rate a of approximately 18 inches (28 cm) per year. They theorize that south Australia
was joined with Antarctica at the Antarctic regions of Wilkes Land, including Commonwealth Bay. Over a
period of 65 million years, began beginning 160 million years ago, Australia’s crust was stretched hundreds of
miles by tectonics before it finally cleaved from Antarctica.

Part 1: Choose the word or phrase (A, B, C or D) which best completes each sentence. (20 pts)
1. I was ______ to believe that she was a representative of the Labour Party.
A. declared B. carried C. led D. explained
2. It has been kept ______ for about ten years that the minister’s son committed a crime.
A. unaware B. secret C. mystery D. obscure
3. One could see with the ______ eye that there was a lighthouse on the promontory.
A. naked B. sole C. nude D. shut
4. These two items don’t differ much. The______ is even more apparent when you put them together.
A. similarity B. likelihood C.  coincidence  D. analogy 
5. Your rude behavior was an ______ to the host and his wife. I don’t think they will ever invite us to their home
again.
A. abuse B. insult C. injury D. aversion
6. For almost fifty years, the citizens of this country were ______ from travelling abroad unless they were
politicians.
A. suspended B. rejected C. averted D. forbidden
7. I wouldn’t ______ their position in the market. They may appear to be very influential one day in the future
A. undertake B. underestimate C. underwrite D. undercharge
8. We can’t admit a person who hasn’t ______ the required number of points at the entrance examination.
A. scored B. assessed C. settled D. qualified
9. _____ he delivers the report, it will be sent to the headquarters.
A. On the point B. At once C. Immediately D. Soon enough
10. The most probable ______ for your chronic headache is lack of good rest.
A. factor B. background C. origin D. reason
11. This cheese isn’t fit for eating. It’s ______ all over after lying in the bin for so long.
A. rusty B. mouldy C. spoiled D. sour
12. I can not think of the correct answer. Could you drop me a small ______ please?
A. tip B. idea C. hint D. word
13. It was ______ time we went home after having spent the whole afternoon in the neighbor’s garden.
A. only B. just C. near D. about
14. Why not ask the tailor to shorten the jacket a little? Unless you don’t want it to ______perfectly with the
trousers.
A. go B. do C. make D. suit
15. Studs was only the boy’s ______ . His real name was William.
A. label B. nickname C. identity D. figure
16. It’s interesting how the rumour about my promotion began to______.
A. progress B. spread C. publicize D. emit
17. What we saw was absolutely unusual. Crowds of people from all four ______ of the world were cheering
the arrival of the astronauts.
A. corners B. edges C. spots D. places
18. Mr. Henson’s bitter comments on the management’s mistakes gave _____ to the conflict which has already
lasted for four months.
A. cause B. ground C. goal D. rise
19. Numerous ____ have prevented us from going to the lakeside again this year.
A. inhibitions B. deterrents C. impairments D. adversities
20. That tall fair woman______ me of my mother.
A. reminds B. remembers C. reminisces D. recalls

Part 2: Complete the following sentences with the words given in the brackets. You have to change the form
of the word. (10 pts)
Obsessed with your inbox
It was not so long ago that we dealt with colleagues through face-to-face (0) interactions (Interact) and
with counterparts and customers by phone or letter. But the world of communication has (1) undergone (Go) a
dramatic transformation, not all for the good. Email, while (2) doubtlessly (Doubt ) a swift means of
communication providing your server is fully (3) functional (Function) and that the address you have contains
no (4) inaccuracies (Accurate) has had a (5) significant (Signify) effect on certain people's behavior, both at
home and in business. For these people, the use of email has become (6) irresistably (Resist) addictive to the
extent that it is (7) threatening (Threat) their mental and physical health. Addicts spend their day (8)
compulsively (Compulsion) checking for the email and have a (9) tendency (Tend) to panic if their server goes
down. It is estimated that one in six people spend four hours a day sending and receiving messages the equivalent
to more than two working days a week. The negative effect on (10) productivity (Produce) is something
employers are well aware of.

Part 3: Identify 10 errors in the following passage and correct them. (10 pts)
Unlike many other species of turtle, the red-car terrapin is not rare. In fact, four to five million hatchings
are exported annually from American farms. About 200,000 are sold in the United Kingdom.
It is ranked estimated that as many as 90% of the young terrapins die in their first year because of the poor
conditions in which they are kept. Those which survive may live for 20 years and arrive reach the size of a dinner
plate. At this staging stage they require a large tank with heat and specialized lightning.
Terrapins carry salmonella bacteria which can poison people. This is why the sale of terrapins was
banished banned in the United States in 1975. They are still, however, exported to the United Kingdom.
Modern turtles come from a very antique ancient group of animals that lived over 200 million years ago. At
this that time dinosaurs were just beginning to establish themthemselves.
Different types of turtles have interesting features: some box turtles are known to have lived for over 100
years, since while other species of turtles can remain underwater for more than 24 hours. And the green turtle is
the most prolific of all reptiles, lying laying as many as 28,000 eggs each year.
If unwanted pet turtles are unreleased released into the wild, many will die and those which survive will
threaten the lives of native plants and animal.

Part 4: Complete each of the following sentences with a suitable preposition or particle. (10 pts)
1. I’m extremely pressed for money these days. Could you lend me a few pounds, please?
2. It’s a great pity that those beautiful birds are vulnerable to so much harm.
3. Tom hasn’t attended classes for about two months and consequently he is rather behind with his lesson?
4. Must you always be so envious of your cousin’s toys?
5. Adam felt really sick at heart after his girlfriend had walked out on him.
6. It’s beyond any hope that the Italian champion will retain the title. Nobody’s giving her any chances this year.
7. It was me who Cindy used to take into/on her confidence. Yet, on this particular occasion she refused to reveal
her secret to anyone, even me.
8. It isn’t so much fatigue as lack of commitment to finishing the task that makes you so inoperative.
9. Michael showed his disgust at the way he was treated by refusing to speak to anyone.
10. I know Pete’s conduct was intolerable, but don’t be too hard on him

C. READING
Part 1: Complete the following article by writing each missing word in the correct box on your answer sheet.
Use only ONE word for each space. (10 pts)
The Legend of the Root
Ginseng is one of the great mysteries of the east. Often referred to as the “elixir of life”, its widespread use in
oriental medicine has led to many myths and legends building up around this remarkable plant. Ginseng has
featured (1) as an active ingredient in oriental medical literature for over 5,000 years. Its beneficial effects were,
at one time, (2) so widely recognized and praised that the root was said to (3) be worth its weight in gold.
(4) Despite the long history of ginseng, no one fully knows how it works. The active part of the plant is the
root. Its full name is Panax Ginseng – the word Panax, (5) like the word panacea, coming from the Greece for
“all healing”. There is growing interest by western scientists (6) in the study of ginseng. It is today believed that
this remarkable plant may (7) have/cause/produce beneficial effects in the treatment of many diseases (8) that are
difficult to treat with synthetic drugs.
Today, ginseng is no longer a myth or a legend. Throughout the world it is becoming widely recognized that
this ancient herb holds the answer to relieving the stresses and ailments of modern living. It is widely used for the
treatment of various ailments (9) such as arthritis, diabetes, insomnia, hepatitis and anaemia. However, the truth
behind (10) how ginseng works still remains a mystery. Yet its widespread effectiveness shows that the
remarkable properties are more than just a legend.

Part 2: Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fit each gap. (10 pts)
SECRETARIES
What’s in a name? In the case of the secretary, or Personal Assistant (PA), it can be something rather
surprising. The dictionary calls a secretary “anyone who (1) ______ correspondence, keeps records and does
clerical work for others”. But while this particular job definition looks a bit (2) ______, the word’s original
meaning is a hundred times more exotic and perhaps more appropriate .The word itself has been with us since
the 14th century and comes from the mediaeval Latin word secretarius meaning “something hidden”.
Secretaries started out as those members of staff with knowledge hidden from others, the silent ones
mysteriously (3) _____ the secret machinery of organizations.
Some years ago “something hidden” probably meant (4) _____ out of sight, tucked away with all the other
secretaries and typists. A good secretary was an unremarkable one, efficiently (5) ______ orders, and then
returning mouse-like to his or her station behind the typewriter, but, with the (6) ______ of new technology, the
job effectively upgraded itself and the role has changed to one closer to the original meaning. The skills
required are more demanding and more technical. Companies are (7) ______ that secretarial staff should
already be (8) ______ trained in, and accustomed to working with, a (9) ______ of word processing packages.
The professionals in the (10) ______ business point out that nowadays secretarial staff may even need some
management skills to take on administration, personnel work and research.

1. A. deals B. handles C. runs D. controls

2. A. elderly B. unfashionable C. outdated D. aged
3. A. operating B. pushing C. functioning D. effecting
4. A. kept B. covered C. packed D. held
5. A. satisfying B. obeying C. completing D. minding
6. A. advent B. approach C. entrance D. opening
 7. A. insisting B. ordering C. claiming D. pressing
8. A. considerably B. highly C. vastly D. supremely
9. A. group B. collection C. cluster D. range
10. A. appointment B. hiring C. recruitment D. engagement

Part 3: Read the following passage and circle the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of
the questions from 1 to 10. (10 pts)

Space pilots, vertical farmers and body part makers are just some of the jobs the next generation could be
doing in 20 years time
This is what expert future researchers came up with in a study on ‘The shape of jobs to come’ – which
analysed future trends such as population growth and climate change alongside developments in science and
technology to create a list of potential jobs under the ongoing digital revolution that will prompt a need for
virtual lawyers, virtual clutter organisers, waste data handlers and personal branders.
The foresight study by UK-based Fast Future, a global futures research and consulting firm, paints an
interesting picture of the jobs we could be doing by 2030:
Safeguarding the environment will be more prominent than ever, with climate change reversal specialists,
vertical farmers and weather modification police all attempting to deal with the impact of climate change and
population growth;
Old age wellness managers, memory augmentation surgeons and body part makers will be needed to cope
with an ageing society, enhancing the quality of life for a population where life expectations could reach over
100; and
Breakthroughs in space travel will lead to people swapping the office for the final frontier as space pilots,
space architects and space tour guides.
Of the top 20 future jobs highlighted, a global survey of future thinkers revealed:
The British are keen to ‘boldly go’ – with space jobs the most aspirational, alongside nano-medics and
memory augmentation surgeons;
Cars, crops and older people could be the focus for many in tomorrow’s workforce, with old age wellness
managers, vertical farmers and alternative vehicle developers creating the most jobs;
For those looking to make the big bucks, nano-medicine, memory augmentation surgery and virtual law are
the areas you should be telling your kids about, with the Fast Future panel predicting that these will be the best
paid jobs in 2030;
Future jobs that benefit society will be the most popular, with climate change reversal specialist, social
‘networking’ worker and old age wellness manager topping the poll in the popularity stakes; and
Work won’t all be ‘fun’ in the future, with the least exciting jobs being weather modification police to
protect us from cloud theft, quarantine enforcers preventing the spread of diseases and waste data handlers who
will dispose of our electronic mess.
“The list of future jobs highlights the vast array of exciting things today’s schoolchildren could be doing in
20 years time, all made possible by fields of science and innovation in which Britain has real expertise,” said Fast
Future chief executive officer Rohit Talwar, who conducted the study.
“We’re crossing the boundaries between science fiction and reality, and what we’re seeing in the movies are
becoming genuine career opportunities. Alongside futuristic sounding high-tech jobs at the cutting edge of
scientific fields – like nano-medicine, the jobs of the future also include very ‘high touch’ occupations, such as
old age wellness managers, narrowcasters and personal branders.”

1. It can be inferred from the text that expert future researchers ______.
A. create potential jobs B. study future jobs
C. reverse future trends D. analyse waste data
2. According to Fast Future, the next generation could be doing all of the following jobs EXCEPT:
A. space plots B. virtual farmers C. virtual lawyers D. nano-medics
3. The word “impact” is closest in meaning to :
A. size B. affection C. affluence D. effect
4. It can be inferred from the text that all of the following is true EXCEPT:
A. We will have to deal with an ageing society because human beings will live longer in 20 years’ time.
B. Environmental pollution will be less of a problem for us in 20 years’ time.
C. Human beings will be able to travel with ease in space thanks to breakthrough scientific and technological
advancements.
D. We will stop producing science fiction movies because all what we see in them will have come true.
5. The word “swapping” is closest in meaning to:
A. relocating B. selling C. renovating D. leasing
6. According to the text, which of the following jobs will be paid?
A. vertical farmers. B. old age wellness managers.
C. nano-medics. D. space architects.
7. The word “aspirational” is closest in meaning to:
A. exciting B. influential C. rewarding D. useful
8. According to the text, which of the following jobs will be the least popular?
A. climate change reversal specialists.
B. alternative vehicle developers.
C. waste data handlers.
D. personal branders.
9. According to the text, weather modification police:
A. stop epidemic spread. B. fight harmful clouds.
C. reverse climate change. D. arrest cloud bandits.
10. What is the best title for the text?
A. The best paid jobs in 2030
B. Breakthrough in research and technology in 2030
C. Trends related to job hunting in 2030
D. Career opportunities in 2030

Part 4: Read the following passage and answer questions 1-10 (20 pts)
SO YOU WANT TO BE AN ACTOR?
A. If you tell someone that you want to make a career as an actor, you can be sure that within two
A risky minutes the word “risky” will come up. And, of course, acting is a very risky career – let there be
job more mistakes about that. The supply of actors is far greater than the demand for them.
B. Once you choose to become an actor, many people who you thought were your closest friends will
tell you “You’re crazy”, though some may react quite differently. No two people will give you the
same advice. But it is a very personal choice you are making.
C. There are no easy ways of getting there – no written examinations to pass, and no absolute
The road guarantee that when you have successfully completed your training you will automatically make
to success your way in the profession. It’s all a matter of luck plus talent. Yet there is a demand for new faces
and new talent, and there is always the prospect of excitement, glamour and the occasional rich
 reward.
D. I have frequently been asked to define this magical thing called talent, which everyone is looking
out for. I believe it is best described as natural skill plus imagination – the latter being the most
difficult quality to access. And it has a lot to do with the person’s courage and their belief in what
they are doing and the way they are putting it across.
E. Where does the desire to act come from? It is often very difficult to put into words your own
reasons for wanting to act. Certainly, in the theatre the significant thing is that moment of contact
between the actor on the stage and a particular audience. And making this brief contact is central to
all acting, wherever it takes place – it is what drives all actors to act.
F. If you ask actors how they have done well in the profession, the response will most likely be a
shrug. They will know certain things about themselves and aspects of their own technique and the
techniques of others. But they will take nothing for granted, because they know that they are only
as good as their current job, and that their fame may not continue.
G. Disappointment is the greatest enemy of the actor. Last month you may have been out of work,
selling clothes or waitressing. Suddenly you are asked to audition for a part, but however much
you want the job, the truth is that it may deny you. So actors tend not to talk about their chances.
They come up with ways of protecting themselves against the stress of competing for a part and
the possibility of rejection.
H. Nobody likes being rejected. And remember that the possibility is there from the very first moment
Essential you start going in for parts professionally. You are saying that you are available, willing and
qualities hopefully, talented enough for the job. And, in many ways, it’s up to you, for if you don’t care
enough, no one will care for you.
(www.scribd.com/doc/300004043/FCE-Reading)

For questions 1-5, choose the correct heading for paragraphs B-G from the list of headings below. Write the
correct numbers (i-viii) in the corresponding numbered boxes.
i. Dealing with unpleasant feelings
ii. What lies behind the motive?
iii. Your own responsibility
vi. Reactions toward the job
vii. Uncertainties about the future
Your answers
1. Paragraph B______ 2. Paragraph D_____ 3. Paragraph E______

4. Paragraph F______ 5. Paragraph G_____

For questions 6-10, complete the sentences below by writing NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS taken from
the reading passage in the corresponding numbered boxes.
6. Every actor cares about the ___________ between himself and a group of audience.
7. Talent is characterized as a combination of skills and ___________.
8. What the actor has to deal with very often is the sense of ___________ - chances for a part are narrow no
matter how much you like the part.
9. If actors become famous, it is very likely that they will be ___________ as a return.
10. The ___________ is very likely to happen as soon as you start your profession and it is very stressful.