4) Conjugation of A Verb

Ramu’s Institute Of
Spoken English
Book - 8
Conjugation of a Verb
( 12 - Tenses )
Written & Edited By
D.H. Ramu ( Adoni )

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Conjugation of a Verb
ˇø£ ÁøÏj·T jÓTTø£ÿ |üP]Ô $uÛÑ»q
ˇø£ eTTKýÓTÆq ÁøÏj·T2qT mìï s¡ø±\T>± $uÛÑõ+#ês√ .....
ˇø£ eTTKýÓTÆq ÁøÏj·TqT @... @ dü+<Ûäsê“\˝À m˝≤ ñ|üjÓ÷–+#·e#√Ã...

ˇø=ø£ÿ s¡ø±ìï ñ|üjÓ÷–+∫q|ü⁄Œ&ÉT yê{Ï nsêú\T m˝≤ e÷s¡T‘·T+{≤jÓ÷ ..
á $wüj·÷\qT |üP]Ô kÕúsTT˝À ‘Ó\TdüT≈£îH˚ Á|üÁøÏj·TH˚ ....
Conjugation of a Verb ... nì #Ó|üŒe#·TÃ
h T?
ˇø£ eTTKýÓTÆq ÁøÏj·TqT mìï ø±\eTT\T>± $uÛiÑõs+#ês¡
l
kÕ<Ûës¡D+>± .... eTq≈£î 3 uÛ≤>±\T>± ‘Ó\TdüTE g
... 3nø±\eTT\T>± ‘Ó\TdüT
k en 2 3 9
Present |Á dü Tü ‘Ô e· TT - Past uÛp÷Ñ o
‘·ø±\eTT - Future
9 5 uÛ$Ñ wü´‘·TÔ ø±\eTT
u S 904
a m 9 3
R◊‘˚ ... (ll3 :) eT÷&˚ ø±<äT ....
Ce
n$ eTTK´+>± .... 12 s¡ø±\T>± ñHêïsTT ....
yê{Ï >∑T]+∫ ‘Ó\TdüT≈£î+fÒ ... #ê\T

Conjugation of a Verb ...
>∑T]+∫ |üP]Ô>± ‘Ó\TdüT≈£îqïfÒº ....
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5
1. Present - Simple
2. Present - Continuous
Present
3. Present - Perfect
4. Present - Perfect - Continuous
5. Past - Simple
6. Past - Continuous
Past
7. Past - Perfect
8. Past - Perfect - Continuous
9. Future - Simple
10. Future - Continuous
Future
l i sh
12. Future E
n g
11. Future - Perfect
k e n 2 3 9
- Perfect - Continuous
Conjugation ofSap
o 49( 12 5 Tenses )
m u 3 9 0
verb - Table
R a l : 9 Perfect
Simple
Ce l
Continuous Perfect Continuous
1 2 3 4
Present Present Present Present
ás√E Simple Continuous Perfect Perfect Continuous
Present Subject + Sub + is /am / are Sub + have / has +
Sub + have / has + V3
Present( s ) + ing been + ing
5 6 7 8
ìqï Past Past Past Past
Simple Continuous Perfect Perfect Continuous
Past
Subject + Past Sub + was / were + Sub + had + V3 Sub + had been + ing
ing
9 10 11 12
Future Future Future Future
πs|ü⁄ Continuous Perfect Perfect Continuous
Simple
Future Subject + will + Sub + will be + Sub + will have +
Sub + will have+ been + ing
Present ing V3
$<Ûë´s¡Tú\T ... ô|’ fÒãT˝Ÿ qT ... n+<äT˝Àì ... 12 f…qT‡\ ù|s¡¢qT...

MT H√{ÏøÏ e#˚Ã+‘· es¡≈£î .... ø£+sƒ¡düúeTT #˚j·T+&ç ....
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Present - Simple - Tense
Áô|C…+{Ÿ ` dæ+|ü⁄˝Ÿ ` f…Hé‡
I , we , you , they , boys , girls .... etc he , she , it , this , that , Rama , Seeta.... etc
I go to school dialy. He goes to school dialy.
H˚qT |Á ‹
ü s√E ã&çøÏ yÓfi≤ÔqT . n‘·&TÉ |Á ‹
ü s√E ã&çøÏ yÓfi≤Ô&TÉ .
Subject we drink milk in the morning. 3rd Pesron She drinks milk in the morning.
y˚TeTT ñ<äj÷· H˚ bÕ\T ‘ê>∑T‘êeTT. Singular ÄyÓT ñ<äj÷· H˚ bÕ\T ‘ê>∑T‘·T+~.

+
Subject
Present You love her always. It eats the sweets .
+
˙e⁄ m\¢|⁄ü Œ&TÉ ÄyÓTqT ùÁ|$TkÕÔe⁄ . Present(s) n~ d”«≥¢qT ‹+≥T+~.
They speak English regularly. Rama speaks English .
yês¡T øÁ e£ T+ ‘·|Œü ≈î£ +&Ü Ç+^¢wt e÷{≤¢&‘
É êeTT. sêeTT&ÉT Ç+^¢wt e÷{≤¢&‘
É ê&ÉT.
Situations - dü+<Ûs
ä ê“\
¤ T
1. ‘·ø£åD+... #˚ùd ˝Ò<ë »]π> |üqT\≈£î ..... 4. kÕyÓT‘·\T dü÷≈£îÔ\qT #Ó|ü⁄Œq|ü⁄Œ&ÉT...
Present movement taking place : Telling the Proverbs :
H˚qT ‹+{≤qT . I eat. Ä|ü<ä˝À Ä<äTø=qTyê&˚ $TÁ‘·T&ÉT .
H˚qT yÓfi≤ÔqT. I go. A friend in need is a friend in deed.
n‘·&ÉT ÇkÕÔ&ÉT . He gives.

i s h
ìC≤sTTr ñ‘·ÔeTyÓTÆq $<ÛëqeTT .
⁄Œ&lÉ÷ düTK+>± ñ+{≤s¡T.
Honesty is the best policy.
neTà e+&ÉT‘·T+~ . She cooks.
n g
dü+‘·è|æÔ ø£\yês¡T m|ü
z≥MT\T E
A satisfied person is ever happy.
n~ |ü&çb˛‘·T+~ . It falls .
ke n $»j·÷ìøÏ k˛bÕHê\T .
2 3 9
Failures are the stepping stones to success.
2. eTq n\yê≥¢qT... ~q#·s¡´\qT ‘Ó\Tù|≥|ü⁄Œp &ÉT o 9 5

u S 5.9ì‘·04´ dü‘ê´\T #Ó|ü⁄Œq|ü⁄Œ&ÉT ...
+!\≈£î ìÁ<ä ˝ÒkÕÔqT . 93
Habitual Actions & Regular Activities:
H˚qT Á|ürs√E ñ<äj·TeTT 6a>∑m
R l l
I get up early morning at 6 o’clock daily . : Telling the General Truths :
Ce
dü÷s¡T´&ÉT ‘·÷s¡TŒ ~≈£îÿq ñ<äsTTkÕÔ&TÉ .
H˚qT Á|ürs√E ã&çøÏ yÓfi≤ÔqT. The Sun rises in the east.
I go to school everyday .
dü÷s¡T´&ÉT |ü&eÉ T{Ï ~≈£îÿq ndü$Ô TkÕÔ&TÉ .
The Sun sets in the west.
n‘·&ÉT Á|ür ñ<äj·TeTT bÕ\T ‘ê>∑T‘ê&ÉT . >∑+>±q~ uÛ≤s¡‘· <˚X+¯ ˝À |Á eü Væ≤düT+Ô ~ .
He drinks milk every morning. The Ganga flows in India.
ÄyÓT H˚\ô|’ |ü&ÉTø=+≥T+~ . <˚e⁄&ÉT n+<ä]˙ ø±bÕ&ÉT‘ê&ÉT .
God saves all.
She sleeps on the floor . uÛÑ÷$T ‘·q #·T≥÷º ‘êH˚ ‹s¡T>∑T‘·T+~ .
s¡$ ô|<ä›\qT >ös¡$kÕÔ&ÉT . The Earth rotates around it-self.
Ravi respects the elders. uÛ÷Ñ $T dü÷s¡T´&ÉT #·T≥÷º ‹s¡T>∑T‘·T+~.
The Earth revolves around the Sun.
3. ø=ìï uÛÑ$wü´‘·TÔ e÷≥\qT dü÷∫+#·Tq|ü⁄Œ&ÉT ...
Often for the future actions : 6. ø=ìï XÊÁk˛Ôø£ÔyÓTÆq yêdüÔyê\qT #Ó|ü⁄Œ≥≈£î ...
y˚TeTT e#˚Ã yês¡+ ‹s¡T|ü‹ yÓfi≤ÔeTT . Expressing the Scientific facts :
We go to Tirupathi the next week. ˙{Ï ô|’q q÷HÓ ‘˚*j·÷&ÉT‘·T+~.
H˚qT ˙ø√dü+ πs|ü⁄ m<äTs¡T #·÷kÕÔqT .
Oil floats on water.
I wait for you tomorrow. 0
n‘·&ÉT e#˚Ã HÓ\ ny˚T]ø± ekÕÔ&ÉT . ˙{Ï eTs¡T>∑T<ä\ 10 C
0
He comes to America the next month. Water boils at 10 C

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Past - Simple - Tense
( bÕdtº ` dæ+|ü⁄˝Ÿ ` f…Hé‡ )
Subject + Past
I went to school yesterday. H˚qT ìqï ã&çøÏ yÓfi≤flqT .
we drank milk today morning. y˚TeTT ás√E ñ<äjT· + bÕ\T ‘ê>±eTT .

they + gave her a new pen.
spoke English with all.
yês¡T ÄyÓT≈£î ˇø£ ô|qTïqT Ç#êÃs¡T.
n‘·&ÉT n+<ä]‘√ Ç+^¢wt˝À e÷{≤¢&Ü&ÉT.
He
She played chess on monday. ÄyÓT k˛eTyês¡eTT s√Eq #Ódt Ä&ç+~.
ä ê“\
¤ T
1. >∑‘·+˝À »]–q ... #˚dæq |üqT\qT #Ó|ü⁄Œ≥≈£î... 2. düeTj·÷ìï dü÷∫+#·≈£î+&Ü ....
With out expressing the time :
( düeTj·÷ìï dü÷∫ùdÔ düŒwüº+>± ñ+≥T+~ ... ) H˚qT u…+>∑fiS¯ s¡T˝À &ç^Á #·~yêqT .
Completed Activity : I studied degree in Bangalore.
H˚qT 9 >∑+!\≈£î e#êÃqT H˚qT ôV≤’ <äsêu≤<é VüQkÕàìj·÷˝À |üì#˚XÊqT.
I did a job in Hyderabad Husmania.
I came at 9 o’clock .
H˚qT ñ<äj·TeTT Ç&û¢\T ‹HêïqT . i s h
øÏs¡DY n+<ä]ø° d”«≥T¢ Ç#êÃ&ÉT .
Tl˝À ø£*XÊ&ÉT .
Kiran gave sweets to all.
n g
n‘·&ÉT qqTï ôV’≤<äsêu≤<ä
y˚TeTT #ê˝≤E
I ate idlies in the morning. He met me in Hyderabad.
n‘·&ÉT ìqï 1000 s¡÷!\T Ç#êÃ&ÉT .
k e n Äq+<ä|ü&Ü¶eTT .
2 3 9
. po
MTs¡T eTeT*ï eT]∫5
We felt very happy.
He gave 1000 /- Rs yesterday.
y˚TeTT b˛sTTq yês¡eTT p≈£î yÓfi≤fleTTS
qqTï4
n‘·&ÉT 0
9 b˛j·÷s¡T .
You forgot us.
m
We went to the zoo last week. u 3 9 >∑Ts¡TÔô|≥Tº≈£îHêï&ÉT .
R a
yês¡T >∑‘· HÓ\ ÁøÏ¬ø{Ÿ Ä&Üs¡T.
l : 9 He remembered me.
dü]‘· #·ìb˛sTT+~ .
They played cricket last month.
neTà á Ä~yês¡eTT HêHé ` C e l
y˚CŸ e+&ç+~ .
Saritha expired.
e÷≈£î eT+∫ s√E\T e#êÃsTT .
Better days came to us .
Mummy cooked Non-veg this sunday. n‘·&ÉT eT+∫ |üì #˚XÊ&ÉT.
He did a good job.
Hêqï ìqï ˇø£ u…’≈£îqT ø=Hêï&ÉT . H˚qT eT+∫ ñ<Û√´>∑eTT ‘Ó#·TÃ≈£îHêïqT .
Daddy bought a bike yesterday. I got a nice job.
b˛©düT\T ás√E <=+>∑qT |ü≥Tº≈£îHêïs¡T. n‘·&ÉT qqTï qe÷à&ÉT .
He believed me.
The police caught the theif today. H˚qT á $wüj·÷ìï ‘=+<äs¡>± ‘Ó\TdüT≈£îHêïqT.
s¡$ düTì‘·qT >∑‘· yês¡eTT ô|[fl #˚dTü ≈£îHêï&ÉT. I knew this matter early.
Ravi married Sunitha last week .
H˚qT <ëìì eT]∫b˛j·÷qT.
I forgot it .
øÏc˛sY 2012 ˝À bÕdt nj·÷´&ÉT. ÄyÓT mH√ï |ü⁄düÔø±\T sêdæ+~.
Kishore passed in 2012. She wrote many books.
düTì‘· >∑+≥ eTT+<äT Hê‘√ e÷{≤¢&ç+~ . 6. >∑‘·+˝À n\yê≥T>± ñ+&ç ... Ç|ü⁄Œ&ÉT ˝Òì ...
Sunitha talked to me an hour before. Habbits in the past but not now ...
>√bÕ˝Ÿ ¬s+&ÉT s√E\ eTT+<äT e÷ Ç+{ÏøÏ e#êÃ&ÉT H˚qT s√E≈£î 10 >∑+!\ ùd|ü⁄ #·<äTe⁄‘·T+&˚ yê&çì ....
Gopal came to our house before 2 days. I used to read for 10 hours daily.
H˚qT ‘Ó\¢yês¡TC≤eTTH˚ #˚s¡T≈£îHêïqT. H˚qT n+<ä]øÏ düVü‰j·T+ #˚dü÷Ô ñ+&˚ yê&çì ...
I reached early morning. I used to help all .

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Future- Simple - Tense
( |òüP´#·sY ` dæ+|ü⁄˝Ÿ ` f…Hé‡ )
Subject + will , shall , can , may , ( Any future forms )
I will go to school tomorrow. H˚qT πs|ü⁄ ã&çøÏ yÓfi≤ÔqT .
we shall drink milk at 8 o’clock. y˚TeTT 8 >∑+!\≈£î bÕ\T ‘ê>±*.
they + can sing a song in the party. yês¡T bÕØº˝À bÕ≥ bÕ&É>∑\s¡T .
He may learn English shortly. n‘·&ÉT ‘=+<äs¡˝À Ç+^¢wt H˚s¡TÃø√e#·TÃ .

She will help the poor. ÄyÓT ù|<äyê]øÏ düV‰ü j·TeTT #˚dTü +Ô ~.
ä ê“\
¤ T
1. uÛÑ$wü´‘·TÔ˝À #˚ùd |üqT\≈£î ... 3. uÛÑ$wü´‘·TÔ˝À #˚j·T>∑*π> |üqT\≈£î ...
What we will do in the future : What we can do in the future :
H˚qT πs|ü⁄ ‹+{≤qT H˚qT πs|ü⁄ ‹q>∑\qT.
I will eat tomorrow I can eat tomorrow .
y˚TeTT m\T¢+&ç yÓfi≤ÔeTT. y˚TeTT m\T¢+&ç yÓfi¯fl>∑\eTT.
We will go day after tomorrow.
n‘·&ÉT e#˚Ã yês¡eTT ÇkÕÔ&ÉT.
li h
We can go day after tomorrow.
s
n‘·&ÉT e#˚Ã yês¡eTT Çe«>∑\&ÉT.
He will give the next week. He can give n g
the next week.
ET+Á‘·eTT e+&É9>∑\<äT.
neTà kÕj·T+Á‘·eTT e+&ÉT‘·T+~.
ke n
neTà kÕj·
2 3
n~ ˇø£ yês¡eTT˝À |ü&çb˛‘·T+~. po n~ ˇø£ yês¡ 5
Mummy will cook in the evening. Mummy can cook in the evening.
S 0 4 9 e TT˝À |ü&çb˛>∑\<äT.
It will fall with in a week
s¡$ dü]‘·qT n‹ ‘·«s¡˝aÀ ô|m
u .
3It9can fall with in a week .
[fl #˚düTø=+{≤&ÉT 9 s¡$ dü]‘·qT n‹ ‘·«s¡˝À ô|[fl #˚düTø√>∑\&ÉT.
R l l : .
C e
Ravi will marry saritha very shortly. Ravi can marry saritha very shortly.
1. uÛÑ$wü´‘·TÔ˝À #˚j·÷*‡q |üqT\≈£î ... 4. uÛÑ$wü´‘·TÔ˝À #˚j·÷*‡q |üqT\qT

What we have to do in the future : nqTe÷q+>± ... 50 ` 50 ...#ÛêHé‡
H˚qT πs|ü⁄ ‹Hê*. Doubtful activities in the future :
I shall eat tomorrow . H˚qT πs|ü⁄ ‹qe#·TÃ ...
H˚qT m\T¢+&ç yÓfi≤fl*. I may eat tomorrow .
I shall go day after tomorrow. y˚TeTT m\T¢+&ç yÓfi¯fle#·TÃ ....
H˚qT e#˚Ã yês¡eTT Çyê«*. We may go day after tomorrow.
I shall give the next week. n‘·&ÉT e#˚Ã yês¡eTT Çe«e#·TÃ ....
H˚qT kÕj·T+Á‘·eTT e+&Ü*. He may give the next week.
I shall cook in the evening. neTà kÕj·T+Á‘·eTT e+&Ée#·TÃ ....
H˚qT ˇø£ yês¡eTT˝À |üP]Ô#˚j·÷*. Mummy may cook in the evening.
I shall finish with in a week .
n~ ˇø£ yês¡eTT˝À |ü&çb˛e#·TÃ ....
It may fall with in a week .
H˚qT dü]‘·qT n‹ ‘·«s¡˝À ô|[fl #˚düTø√yê*.
s¡$ dü]‘·qT n‹ ‘·«s¡˝À ô|[fl #˚düTø√e#·TÃ ....
I shall marry saritha very shortly.
Ravi may marry saritha very shortly.

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Present - Continuous - Tense
( Áô|C…+{Ÿ ` ø£+{°qTj·Tdt` f…Hé‡ )
Subject + ( is , am , are ) + ing
I am going now . H˚qT Ç|ü⁄Œ&ÉT yÓfi¯óÔHêïqT.
we are learning English . y˚TeTT Ç+^¢wt H˚s¡TÃø=+≥THêïeTT.
They are coming from America. yês¡T ny˚T]ø± yÓfi¯óÔHêïs¡T.

He is reading story books. n‘·&ÉT ø£<∏ä\ |ü⁄düÔø±\T #·<äTe⁄‘·THêï&ÉT.
She is watching the News. ÄyÓT yês¡Ô\T #·÷düTÔqï~.
ä ê“\
¤ T
Present - Continuous
Á|üdüTÔ‘·eTT .... eTq+ #˚dü÷Ô ñqï |üìì >∑T]+∫ n\π> #Ó|üŒ&É+ ...
Á|üdüTÔ‘·eTT .... eTq ø£fiËfl<äT≥ ˇø£ |üì »s¡T>∑T‘·÷ ñ+fÒ... <ëì >∑T]+∫ n\π> #Ó|üŒ&É+ ...
Any work going on at present :
H˚qT Ç|ü⁄Œ&ÉT ‹+≥THêïqT. li s h

y˚TeTT ás√E yÓfi¯óÔHêïeTT. We are goingn
E g I am eating now.
today.
k
n‘·&ÉT Ç|ü⁄Œ&ÉT ÇdüTÔHêï&ÉT.
He ise n now. 239
giving
S p o
neTà Ç|ü⁄Œ&ÉT e+&ÉT‘·Tqï~.
4 9
Mummy is cooking 5 now.
m u
n~ Ç|ü⁄Œ&ÉT |ü&çb˛‘·Tqï~. It is 9
3 0
falling now.
Ra : 9
s¡$ Ç|ü⁄Œ&ÉT |ü]¬>‘·TÔ‘·THêï&ÉT.
l Ravi is running now.
Cel
H˚qT Ç|ü⁄Œ&ÉT Ä |üì #˚düTÔHêïqT.
I am doing that work now.
y˚TeTT Ç|ü⁄Œ&ÉT ø={≤¢&ÉT‘·THêïeTT.
We are fighting now.
sêeTT&ÉT Ç|ü⁄Œ&ÉT u≤<Ûä|ü&ÉT‘·THêï&ÉT. Ramu is worrying now.
d”‘· Ç|ü⁄Œ&ÉT ã≥º\T ñ‘·T≈£î‘·Tqï~. Seeta is washing the clothes now.
≈£îø£ÿ ø=s¡T≈£î‘·Tqï~. The dog is biting.
{°#·s¡T n&ÉT>∑T‘·THêï&ÉT . The Teacher is asking.
C≤qøÏ Ä&ÉT‘·Tqï~. Janaki is playing.
•e |üØø£å sêdüTÔHêï&ÉT . Shiva is writing the exam.
y˚TeTT {°.M. #·÷düTÔHêïeTT. We are watching T.V.
s¡$ ÁøÏ¬ø{Ÿ Ä&ÉT‘·THêï&ÉT. Ravi is playing cricket.
CÀ´‹ ìÁ<äb˛‘·÷ ñ+~. Jyothi is sleeping.
düTπswt kÕïq+ #˚düTÔHêï&ÉT. Suresh is having the bath.
X¯+ø£sY q{ÏdüTÔHêï&ÉT. Shankar is acting.

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Past - Continuous - Tense
(bÕd tº` ø£+{°qTj·Tdt` f…Hé‡ )
Subject + ( was , were ) + ing
I was going yesterday . H˚qT ìqï yÓfi¯óÔ+{Ïì.
we were learning English . y˚TeTT Ç+^¢wt H˚s¡TÃø=+≥T+{Ï$T.
They were coming from America. yês¡T ny˚T]ø± yÓfi¯óÔ+&ç].

He was reading story books. n‘·&ÉT ø£<∏ä\ |ü⁄düÔø±\T #·<äTe⁄‘·T+&ÓqT.
She was watching the News. ÄyÓT yês¡Ô\T #·÷düTÔ+&ÓqT.
ä ê“\
¤ T
Past - Continuous
>∑‘·+˝À .... eTq+ #˚dü÷Ô ñ+&çq .. <ëì >∑T]+∫ Á|üdüTÔ‘·eTT #Ó|üŒ&É+ ...
>∑‘·+˝À .... eTq ø£fiËfl<äT≥ ˇø£ |üì »s¡T>∑T‘·÷ ñ+&çq $wüj·÷ìï >∑T]+∫ n\π> Ç|ü⁄Œ&ÉT #Ó|üŒ&É+ ...
Telling about Any work going on in the past :
li s h
H˚qT n|ü⁄Œ&ÉT ‹+≥T+{Ïì.
y˚TeTT ìqï yÓfi¯óÔ+{Ï$T. We were E g
n yesterday.
going
I was eating then.
k e
n‘·&TÉ n|ü⁄Œ&TÉ ÇdüT+Ô &ÓqT.
He n giving then.
was
2 3 9
Sp o
neTà n|ü⁄Œ&ÉT e+&ÉT‘·T+&ÓqT.
4
Mummy was 9 5cooking then.
mu It 9
3
n~ >∑‘·+˝À |ü&çb˛‘·T+&ÓqT. 0
was falling in the past.
Ra ll : 9 Ravi was running then.
s¡$ n|ü⁄Œ&TÉ |ü]>¬ ‘·T‘ Ô T· +&ÓqT.
Ce
H˚qT >∑‘·+˝À Ä |üì #˚düTÔ+{Ïì.
y˚TeTT n|ü⁄Œ&TÉ ø={≤¢&TÉ ‘·T+{Ï$T.
We were fighting then.
I was doing that work in the past.
sêeTT&ÉT ìqï u≤<Û|ä & ü TÉ ‘·T+&ÓqT. Ramu was worrying yesterday.

d”‘· ã≥º\T ñ‘·T≈£î‘·T+&ÓqT. Seeta was washing the clothes .
≈£îø£ÿ ø=s¡T≈£î‘·T+&ÓqT. The dog was biting.
{°#s· T¡ b˛sTTq yês¡eTT n&ÉT>∑T‘·T+&ÓqT. The Teacher was asking last week.
C≤qøÏ ás√E ñ<äjT· + Ä&ÉT‘·T+&ÓqT. Janaki was playing today morning.
•e 10 >∑+!\≈£î |üØø£å sêdüTÔ+&ÓqT. Shiva was writing the exam at 10 o’clock.
y˚TeTT ìqï {°.M. #·÷düT+Ô {Ï$T. We were watching T.V. yesterday.

s¡$ øÁ ø¬Ï {Ÿ Ä&ÉT‘·T+&ÓqT. Ravi was playing cricket.
CÀ´‹ ìÁ<äb˛‘·÷ ñ+&ÓqT. Jyothi was sleeping.
düTsπ wt kÕïq+ #˚dTü +Ô &ÓqT. Suresh was having the bath.
X¯+ø£sY q{ÏdTü +Ô &ÓqT. Shankar was acting.

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Rise Spoken English 10
8 Ramu : ( 0 ) 9390495239
Future - Continuous - Tense
( |òüP´#·sY` ø£+{°qTj·Tdt` f…Hé‡ )
Subject + ( will be ) + ing
I will be going tomorrow. H˚qT πs|ü⁄ yÓfi¯óÔ+{≤qT.
we will be learning English next month. y˚TeTT e#˚Ã HÓ\ Ç+^¢wt H˚s¡TÃø=+≥T+{≤eTT.
They will be coming from America today night. yês¡T ás√E sêÁ‹ ny˚T]ø± qT+&ç edüTÔ+{≤s¡T.
He will be reading story books at 6o’clock. n‘·&ÉT 6 >∑+!\≈£î ø£<∏ä\ |ü⁄düÔø±\T #·<äTe⁄‘·T+{≤&ÉT.
She will be watching the News at 9P.M.. ÄyÓT 9 >∑+!\≈£î yês¡Ô\T #·÷düTÔ+≥T+~.
Situations - dü+<Ûäsê“¤\T
Future - Continuous
uÛÑ$wü´‘·TÔ˝Àü.... eTq+ #˚j·TuÀ‘·÷ ñ+&˚Ò... <ëì >∑T]+∫ Ç|ü⁄Œ&˚ #Ó|üŒ&É+ ...
uÛÑ$wü´‘·TÔ˝Àü .... eTq+ #·÷&ÉuÀ‘·÷ ñqï , »s¡>∑uÀ‘·÷ ñqï |üqTqT\qT >∑T]+∫ Ç|ü⁄Œ&˚ #Ó|üŒ&É+ ...
Telling about Any work going on in the future :
l is h
H˚qT sπ |ü⁄ ‹+≥T+{≤qT.
We will be E
y˚TeTT sπ |ü⁄ yÓfió¯ +Ô {≤eTT.
g I will be eating tomorrow.
n tomorrow.
going
n‘·&ÉT πs|ü⁄ ÇdüTÔ+{≤&ÉT.
k e
He will
2 3 9
nbe giving tomorrow.
S p o
Mummy will be9
neTà e#˚Ã Ä~yês¡eTT e+&ÉT‘·T+≥T+~.
4 5
cooking next Sunday.
u It will9be0falling soon.
Ram
n~ ‘=+<äs¡˝À |ü&çb˛‘·T+≥T+~.
: 9 3
ell
s¡$ n|ü⁄Œ&ÉT |ü]¬>‘·TÔ‘·T+{≤&ÉT.
Ravi will be running then.
y˚TeTT uÛ$Ñ wü´‘·T˝

C
H˚qT n|ü⁄Œ&TÉ Ä |üì #˚dTü +Ô {≤qT.
I will be doing that work then.
Ô À ø={≤¢&TÉ ‘·T+{≤eTT.
We will be fighting in the future.
sêeTT&ÉT n|ü⁄Œ&TÉ u≤<Û|ä & ü TÉ ‘·T+{≤&ÉT. Ramu will be worrying then.
d”‘· πs|ü⁄ ã≥º\T ñ‘·T≈£î‘·T+≥T+~. Seeta will be washing the clothes tomorrow.
≈£îø£ÿ yê&çì ø=s¡T≈£î‘·T+≥T+~. The dog will be biting him.
{°#s· T¡ sπ |ü{Ï ø±¢dTü ˝À n&ÉT>∑T‘·T+{≤&ÉT. The Teacher will be asking in the next class.
C≤qøÏ kÕj·T+Á‘e· TT Ä&ÉT‘·T+≥T+~. Janaki will be playing in the evening.
•e Ä~yês¡eTT |üØø£å sêdüT+Ô {≤&ÉT. Shiva will be writing the exam on Sunday.
y˚TeTT sπ |ü⁄ {°.M. #·÷düT+Ô {≤eTT. We will be watching T.V. tomorrow.
s¡$ øÁ ø¬Ï {Ÿ Ä&ÉT‘·T+{≤&ÉT. Ravi will be playing cricket.
CÀ´‹ ìÁ<äb˛‘·÷ ñ+≥T+~. Jyothi will be sleeping.
düTsπ wt kÕïq+ #˚dTü +Ô {≤&ÉT. Suresh will be having the bath.
X¯+ø£sY q{ÏdTü +Ô {≤&ÉT. Shankar will be acting.

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Present - Perfect - Tense
( Áô|C…+{Ÿ ` |üsYô|òø˘º ` f…Hé‡ )
Subject + ( have , has ) + V3 ( Past - Participle )
I have come just now. H˚qT C…dtº Ç|ü⁄Œ&˚ e#êÃqT .
we have completed recently. y˚TeTT á eT<Ûä´H˚ |üP]Ã#˚XÊeTT.
they have attended this party. yês¡T á bÕØºøÏ Vü‰»s¡j·÷´s¡T.
He has learnt English recently. n‘·&ÉT Ä eT<Ûä´H˚ Ç+^¢wt H˚s¡TÃ≈£îHêï&ÉT.

She has helped the poor. ÄyÓT ù|<äyê]øÏ düVü‰j·TeTT #˚dæ+~.
1. Ç|ü⁄Œ&˚ #˚dæq ... »]–q |üqT\≈£î ... á eT<Ûä´ ø±\+˝À »]–q |üqT\≈£î ...
what we did just now what happened just recently
H˚qT Ç|ü⁄Œ&˚ ‹HêïqT. y˚TeTT >∑‘· Ä~yês¡y˚T dæìe÷ #·÷XÊeTT.

I have eaten just now. We have seen the movie just Last sunday.
y˚TeTT Ç|ü⁄Œ&˚ yÓfi≤fleTT. n‘·&ÉT á eT<Ûä´H˚ ñ<Û√´>∑eTT ‘Ó#·TÃ≈£îHêï&ÉT.
We have gone just now .
n‘·&ÉT Ç|ü⁄Œ&˚ Ç#êÃ&ÉT. s h
He has got a job just recently.
i
n‘·&ÉT á eT<Ûä´H˚g#·lìb˛j·÷&ÉT.
He has given just now . He has E nrecently.
died
neTà Ç|ü⁄Œ&˚ HêHé`y˚CŸ e+&ç+~.
k e nHê≈£î ìqïH˚ 10000
neTà
2 3 9/- s¡÷!\T Ç∫Ã+~.
She has cooked in the evening. o 5
p 9
S y˚T9eTT03 4s√E\ ÁøÏ‘·y˚T ˇø£ ø±s¡T ø=HêïeTT.
Mummy has given me 10000 /- Rs just yesterday.
n~ Ç|ü⁄Œ&˚ |ü&çb˛sTT+~.
m u 3
s¡$ Ç|ü⁄Œ&˚ #ÓbÕŒ&R
a
It has fallen just now.
l 9
: s¡$ dü]‘·qT á eT<Ûä´H˚ ô|[fl #˚düTø=Hêï&ÉT .
We have bought a car just 3 days back.
ÉT.
Ravi has told just now. e
C l Ravi has married Saritha just recently.
ÄyÓT Ç|ü⁄Œ&˚ $e]+∫+~. e÷ ∫Hêïqï á eT<Ûä´H˚ ˇø£ bÕ¢≥T ø=Hêï&ÉT.
She has explained just now. Our uncle has bought a plot recently.
y˚TeTT Ç|ü⁄Œ&˚ #Ódt Ä&ÜeTT. y˚TeTT ás√E #ê˝≤ m+C≤jYT #˚XÊeTT.
We have played chess just now. We have enjoyed a lot today.
yês¡T Ç|ü⁄Œ&˚ ìqTï n&ç>±s¡T. y˚TeTT ás√CÒ ø=‘·Ô Ç+{À¢ #˚sêeTT.
They have asked you just now. We have joined in a new house just today.
H˚qT Ç|ü⁄Œ&˚ uÛÀ»q+ #˚XÊqT. mes√ e÷≈£î á $wüj·T+ Ç|ü⁄Œ&˚ #ÓbÕŒs¡T.
I have finished my lunch just now. Somebody have told this matter just now.
e÷ ‘·eTTà&ÉT Ç|ü⁄Œ&˚ ø±˝Ÿ #˚XÊ&ÉT. MT ¬s’\T Ç|ü⁄Œ&˚ yÓ[fl b˛sTT+~.
My brother has called me just now. Your train has left just now .
MTs¡T Ç|ü⁄Œ&˚ n‘·ìï #·÷XÊs¡T. Hê ø£+|üP´≥sY á eT<Ûä´H˚ ]ù|Ø #˚sTT+#êqT.
You have seen him just now. I have repaired my computer recently.
MT Hêqï >±s¡T Ç|ü⁄Œ&˚ |òE
” ø£{≤ºsT¡ . y˚TeTT á $wüj·T+ >∑T]+∫ ás√CÒ #·]Ã+#êeTT.
Your father has paid the fees just now. We have discussed this matter today itself.

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Past - Perfect - Tense
(bÕdtº ` |üsYô|òø˘º ` f…Hé‡ )
Subject + had + V3 ( Past - Participle )
I had come just then. H˚qT C…dtº n|ü⁄Œ&˚ e∫Ã ñ+{Ïì.
we had completed last week. y˚TeTT b˛sTTq yês¡yT˚ |üP]Ô #˚XÊeTT.
yês¡T Ä bÕØºøÏ Vü‰»s¡sTT ñ+&ç].
they had attended that party.

He had learnt English. n‘·&ÉT Ç+^¢wt H˚s¡TÃø=ì ñ+&ÓqT.
She had helped the poor. ÄyÓT ù|<äyê]øÏ düV‰ü j·TeTT #˚dæ ñ+&ÓqT.
1. n|ü⁄Œ&˚ #˚dæq, »]–q, |üPs¡ÔsTTq |üqT\≈£î n|üŒ{Ïπø »]–b˛sTTq |üqT\≈£î
what ... that we did just then... what... that happened already...
H˚qT n|ü⁄Œ&˚ ‹ì ñ+{Ïì. y˚TeTT >∑‘· Ä~yês¡yT˚ dæìe÷ #·÷dæ ñ+{Ï$T.

I had eaten just then. We had seen the movie the Last sunday.
y˚TeTT n|ü⁄Œ&˚ yÓ[fl ñ+{Ï$T. n‘·&TÉ n|üŒ{øπÏ ñ<Û√´>∑eTT ‘Ó#T· Ãø=ì ñ+&ÓqT.
We had gone just then .
n‘·&ÉT n|ü⁄Œ&˚ Ç∫Ã ñ+&ÓqT. i s h
He had got a job already.
n‘·&ÉT n|üŒ{Ïπø #·gìlb˛sTT ñ+&ÓqT.
He had given just then. He had E nalready.
nHê≈£î n|üŒ{øπÏ 10000 /-9
died
neTà n|ü⁄Œ&˚ HêHé`y˚CŸ e+&ç ñ+&ÓqT.
ok e
neTà
5 2 3 s¡÷!\T Ç∫Ã+&ÓqT.
T. S
She had cooked Non-Veg just then.
n~ n|ü⁄Œ&˚ |ü&çb˛sTT ñ+&Óqu
p y˚TeTT 0
9
4 øÁ ‘Ï y· T˚ ˇø£ ø±s¡T ø=ì ñ+{Ï$T.
Mummy had given me 10000 /- Rs already.
a m 9 3 9 3 s√E\
R qT. ll : s¡$ dü]‘·qT n|üŒ{Ïπø ô|[fl #˚düTø=ì ñ+&ÓqT.

It had fallen just then.
s¡$ n|ü⁄Œ&˚ #Ó|æŒ ñ+&Ó
We had bought a car just 3 days back.
Ravi had told just then.C e Ravi had married Saritha already.
ÄyÓT n|ü⁄Œ&˚ $e]+∫ ñ+&ÓqT. e÷ ∫Hêïqï n|üŒ{Ïπø ˇø£ bÕ¢≥T ø=ì ñ+&ÓqT.
She had explained just then. Our uncle had bought a plot already.
y˚TeTT n|ü⁄Œ&˚ #Ódt Ä&ç ñ+{Ï$T. y˚TeTT n|üŒ{Ïπø #ê˝≤ m+C≤jYT #˚dæ ñ+{Ï$T.
We had played chess just then. We had enjoyed a lot already.
yês¡T n|ü⁄Œ&˚ ìqTï n&ç– ñ+&ç]. yÓ÷Vü≤Hé Hê≈£î n|üŒ{Ïπø düVü‰j·TeTT #˚dæ ñ+&ÓqT.
They had asked you just then. Mohan had helped me already.
H˚qT n|ü⁄Œ&˚ uÛÀ»q+ #˚dæ ñ+{Ïì. mes√ e÷≈£î n|üŒ{Ïπø á $wüj·T+ #Óù|Œdæ ñ+&ç].
I had finished my lunch just then. Somebody had told this matter already.
e÷ ‘·eTTà&ÉT n|ü⁄Œ&˚ ø±˝Ÿ #˚dæ ñ+&ÓqT. MT ¬s’\T n|üŒ{Ïπø yÓ[fl b˛sTT ñ+&ÓqT.
My brother had called me just then. Your train had left already.
MTs¡T n|ü⁄Œ&˚ n‘·ìï #·÷dæ ñ+&ç]. Hê ø£+|üP´≥sY n|üŒ{Ïπø ]ù|Ø #˚sTT+∫ ñ+{Ïì.
You had seen him just then. I had repaired my computer already.
MT Hêqï >±s¡T n|ü⁄Œ&˚ |ò”E ø£{Ïº ñ+&ç]. y˚TeTT á $wüj·T+ >∑T]+∫ Äs√CÒ #·]Ã+∫ ñ+{Ï$T.
Your father had paid the fees just then. We had discussed this matter that day only.

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Future - Perfect - Tense
( |òüP´#·sY ` |üsYô|òø˘º ` f…Hé‡ )
Subject + will have + V3 ( Past - Participle )
I will have come just then. H˚qT C…dºt n|ü⁄Œ&˚ e∫Ã ñ+{≤qT.
we will have completed Next week. y˚TeTT e#˚Ã yêsêìøÏ |üP]Ô #˚ùddæ ñ+{≤eTT.
they will have attended that party. yês¡T Ä bÕØºøÏ Vü‰»s¡sTT ñ+{≤s¡T.
He will have learnt English shortly. n‘·&ÉT ‘=+<äs¡˝À Ç+^¢wt H˚s¡TÃø=ì ñ+{≤&ÉT.
She will have helped the poor. ÄyÓT ù|<äyê]øÏ düV‰ü j·TeTT #˚dæ ñ+≥T+~.
1. uÛÑ$wü´‘·TÔ ˝À... ˇø£ |üìì n|ü⁄Œ&˚ #˚dæñqï≥Tº ... Ç|ü⁄Œ&˚ #Ó|üŒ&É+ uÛÑ$wü´‘·TÔ˝À ... n|üŒ{Ïπø »]–b˛sTT ñ+&˚ |üqT\≈£î ...
Telling now the finsished work in the future what will happen already in the Future
H˚qT sπ |ü⁄ n|ü⁄Œ&˚ ‹ì ñ+{≤qT. y˚TeTT e#˚Ã Ä~yês¡eTT dæìe÷ #·÷dæ ñ+{≤eTT.
I will have eaten just then tomorrow. We will have seen the movie the Next sunday.
y˚TeTT πs|ü⁄ n|ü⁄Œ&˚ yÓ[fl ñ+{≤eTT. n‘·&TÉ n|üŒ{øπÏ ñ<Û√´>∑eTT ‘Ó#T· Ãø=ì ñ+{≤&ÉT.
We will have gone just then tomorrow
i s h
He will have got a job already .
ìlb˛sTT ñ+{≤&ÉT.
n‘·&ÉT πs|ü⁄ n|ü⁄Œ&˚ Ç∫Ã ñ+{≤&ÉT.
He will have given just then tomorrow. He willEhave
g
n‘·&ÉT n|üŒ{Ïπø #·
ndied already .
neTà kÕj·T+Á‘e· TT n|ü⁄Œ&˚ HêHé`y˚CŸ e+&ç ñ+≥T+~.
k e n 2 3 9
neTà Hê≈£î n|üŒ{Ïπø 10000/- s¡÷!\T Ç∫Ãñ+≥T+~.
Mummy will have cooked in the evening.
p o
S y˚T9eTT03 s√E\ 9 5
4 ‘·sê«‘· ˇø£ ø±s¡T ø=ì ñ+{≤eTT.
Mummy will have given me 10000 /- Rs already.
n~ n|ü⁄Œ&˚ |ü&çb˛sTT ñ+≥T+~.
m u 3
It will have fallen just
s¡$ n|ü⁄Œ&˚ #Ó|Œæ ñ+{≤&É
a then.
9
R T. ll : s¡$ dü]‘·qT n|üŒ{Ïπø ô|[fl #˚düTø=ì ñ+{≤&ÉT. We will have bought a car just 3 days later.
Ravi will have told just then.

C e Ravi will have married Saritha just already.
ÄyÓT n|ü⁄Œ&˚ $e]+∫ ñ+≥T+~. e÷ ∫Hêïqï n|üŒ{Ïπø ˇø£ bÕ¢≥T ø=ì ñ+{≤&ÉT.
She will have explained just then. Our uncle will have bought a plot already.
y˚TeTT n|ü⁄Œ&˚ #Ódt Ä&ç ñ+{≤eTT. y˚TeTT n|üŒ{Ïπø #ê˝≤ m+C≤jYT #˚dæ ñ+{≤eTT.
We will have played chess just then. We will have enjoyed a lot already.
yês¡T n|ü⁄Œ&˚ ìqTï n&ç– ñ+{≤s¡T. yÓ÷Vü≤Hé Hê≈£î n|üŒ{Ïπø düVü‰j·TeTT #˚dæ ñ+{≤&ÉT.
They will have asked you just then. Mohan will have helped me already.
H˚qT n|ü⁄Œ&˚ uÛÀ»q+ #˚dæ ñ+{≤qT. mes√ e÷≈£î n|üŒ{Ïπø á $wüj·T+ #Óù|Œdæ ñ+{≤s¡T.
I will have finished my lunch just then. Somebody will have told this matter already.
e÷ ‘·eTTà&ÉT n|ü⁄Œ&˚ ø±˝Ÿ #˚dæ ñ+{≤&ÉT. MT ¬s’\T n|üŒ{Ïπø yÓ[fl b˛sTT ñ+≥T+~.
My brother will have called me just then. Your train will have left already.
MTs¡T n|ü⁄Œ&˚ n‘·ìï #·÷dæ ñ+{≤s¡T. Hê ø£+|üP´≥sY n|üŒ{Ïπø ]ù|Ø #˚sTT+∫ ñ+{≤qT.
You will have seen him just then. I will have repaired my computer already.
MT Hêqï >±s¡T n|ü⁄Œ&˚ |ò”E ø£{Ïº ñ+{≤s¡T. y˚TeTT á $wüjT· + >∑T]+∫ Äs√CÒ #·]Ã+∫ ñ+{≤eTT.
Your father will have paid the fees just then. We will have discussed this matter that day itself.

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Present - Perfect - Continuous - Tense
( Áô|C…+{Ÿ ` |üsYô|òø˘º ` ø£+{°qTj·Tdt ` f…Hé‡ )
1. ˇø£ |üìì .... m|ü⁄Œ&√... >∑‘·+˝À ... ÁbÕs¡+_Û+∫ ... Ä<˚ |üì Ç+ø± #˚dü÷Ô ñ+fÒ ... ø=qkÕ>∑T‘·÷ ñ+fÒ
The action started in the past and still continue ...
Since ( Point of Time ) for ( Duration of Time )

|üì
ü bÕs¡+_Û+∫q ... düeTj·÷ìï |üø±ÿ>± #Ó|Œü &ÜìøÏ |üüì bÕs¡+uÛÑyÓTÆq eé~Û >∑T]+∫ #Ó|üŒ&É+
H˚qT 2010 qT+&ç Çø£ÿ&É Ç+ø± |üì#˚dTü HÔ êïqT. H˚qT 10 dü+!\ qT+&ç Çø£ÿ&É Ç+ø± |üì#˚düTÔHêïqT.
I have been working here since 2010. I have been working here for 10 years.
y˚TeTT ˙ ø√dü+ 9 >∑+!\ qT+&ç m<äTs¡T#·÷düTÔHêïeTT. y˚TeTT ˙ ø√dü+ 3 >∑+!\ ùd|ü⁄ m<äTs¡T#·÷düTÔHêïeTT.
We have been waiting for you since 9A.M. We have been waiting for you for 3 hours.
n‘·&TÉ ñ<Û√´>∑eTTø√dü+2005qT+&ç Ç+ø± |Á j
ü T· ‹ïdü÷ñHêï&É
Ô T. n‘·&ÉT ñ<Û√´>∑eTT ø√dü+ 9 dü+!e‘·‡sê\ qT+&ç Ç+ø± Á|üj·T‹ïdü÷Ô ñHêï&ÉT.
He has been trying for a job since 2005. He has been trying for a job for 9 years.
neTà ñ<äj·T+ qT+&ç Ç+ø± e+≥ e+&É‘·÷ ñ+~.
li s h
neTà 3 >∑+!\ ùd|ü⁄ Ç+ø± e+≥ e+&É‘·÷ ñ+~.
Mummy has been cooking since morning.
E n g Mummy has been cooking for 3hours.
n~ n6 HÓ\\ qT+&ç |ü&çb9
n~ pHé HÓ\ qT+&ç |ü&çb˛‘·÷ ñ+~.
ok e 5 2 3 ˛‘·÷ ñ+~.
p
It has been falling since june month.
s¡$ k˛eTyês¡eTT qT+&ç #Ó|Pü u ST. s¡$930s√E\
Ô ñHêï&É
9
It has been falling for 6 months.
4 qT+&ç #Ó|üPÔ ñHêï&ÉT.
a m
R $e]dü÷Ô ñHêï&É
Ravi has been telling since Monday. 9 3
: e÷ {°#·s¡T 4 >∑+!\ ùd|ü⁄ $e]dü÷Ô ñHêï&ÉT.
Ravi has been telling for 3 days.
ll
Ce
e÷ {°#·s¡T 4 >∑+!\ qT+&ç T.
Our teacher has been expalining since 4P.M. Our teacher has been explaining for 4 hours.
y˚TeTT eT<Ûë´Vü≤ïeTT qT+&ç #Ódt Ä&ÉT‘·÷ ñHêïeTT. y˚TeTT 2 >∑+!\ ùd|ü⁄ #Ódt Ä&ÉT‘·÷ ñHêïeTT.
We have been playing chess since afternoon. We have been playing chess for 2 hours.
yês¡T <ëìì ìqï{Ï qT+&ç yÓ‘T· ≈£î‘·÷H˚ ñHêïs¡T. yês¡T <ëìì 2 s√E\ qT+&ç yÓ‘·T≈£î‘·÷H˚ ñHêïs¡T.
They have been searching it since yesterday. They have been searching it for 2 days.
n‘·&ÉT 2 >∑+!\ qT+&ç ‹+≥÷ ñHêï&ÉT. n‘·&ÉT 2 >∑+!\ ùd|ü⁄ ‹+≥÷ ñHêï&ÉT.
He has been eating since 2 o’clock. He has been eating for 2 hours.
e÷ ‘·eTTà&ÉT 3 >∑+!\ qT+&ç ø±˝Ÿ #˚dü÷Ô ñHêï&ÉT. e÷ ‘·eTTà&ÉT 3 >∑+!\ ùd|ü⁄qT+&ç ø±˝Ÿ #˚d÷ü Ô ñHêï&ÉT.
My brother has been calling since 3 o’clock. My brother has been calling for 3 hours.
MTs¡T ìqï{Ï qT+&ç #·÷dü÷Ô ñHêïs¡T. MTs¡T ˇø£ yês¡eTT qT+&ç #·÷dü÷Ô ñHêïs¡T.
You have been watching it since yesterday. You have been watching it for a week.
MT Hêqï >±s¡T 2013 qT+&ç |ò”E ø£&ÉT‘·÷ ñHêïs¡T. MT Hêqï >±s¡T 3 dü+e‘·‡sê\ qT+&ç |òE
” ø£&TÉ ‘·÷ ñHêïs¡T.
Your father has been paying the fees since 2013. Your father has been paying the fees for 3 years.

------------------------------------ www.tlm4all.com ------------------------------------
Past - Perfect - Continuous - Tense
(bÕdtº ` |üsYô|òø˘º ` ø£+{°qTj·Tdt ` f…Hé‡ )
ˇø£ |üìì .... m|ü⁄Œ&√... >∑‘·+˝À ... ÁbÕs¡+_Û+∫ ... Ä<˚ |üì Ç+ø± >∑‘·+˝ÀH˚ ø=qkÕ>∑T‘·÷ ñ+&ç+fÒ ... Ç|ü⁄Œ&ÉT ø±<äT
The action started in the past and still continuing in the past ...but not now

|üì
ü bÕs¡+_Û+∫q ... düeTj·÷ìï |üø±ÿ>± #Ó|Œü &ÜìøÏ |üüì bÕs¡+uÛÑyÓTÆq eé~Û >∑T]+∫ #Ó|üŒ&É+
H˚qT 2010 qT+&ç Çø£ÿ&É Ç+ø± |üì#˚düTÔ+{Ïì. H˚qT 10 dü+!\ qT+&ç Çø£ÿ&É Ç+ø± |üì#˚düTÔ+{Ïì.
I had been working here since 2010. I had been working here for 10 years.
y˚TeTT ˙ ø√dü+ 9 >∑+!\ qT+&ç m<äTs¡T#·÷dü÷Ô ñ+{Ï$T. y˚TeTT ˙ ø√dü+ 3 >∑+!\ ùd|ü⁄ m<äTs¡T#·÷dü÷Ô ñ+{Ï$T.
We had been waiting for you since 9A.M. We had been waiting for you for 3 hours.
n‘·&TÉ ñ<Û√´>∑eTT ø√dü+ 2005 qT+&ç Ç+ø± |Á jü T· ‹ïd÷ü Ô ñ+&ÓqT. n‘·&ÉT ñ<Û√´>∑eTT ø√dü+ 9 dü+!e‘·‡sê\ qT+&ç Ç+ø± Á|üj·T‹ïdü÷Ô ñ+&ÓqT.
He had been trying for a job since 2005. He had been trying for a job for 9 years.
neTà ñ<äj·T+ qT+&ç Ç+ø± e+≥ e+&É‘·÷ ñ+&ç+~.
l i s hneTà 3 >∑+!\ ùd|ü⁄ Ç+ø± e+≥ e+&É‘·÷ ñ+&ÓqT.
Mummy had been cooking since morning.
E n g Mummy had been cooking for 3 hours.
n Ç+ø± |ü&9
n~ pHé HÓ\ qT+&ç Ç+ø± |ü&çb˛‘·÷ ñ+&ç+~.
ok e
n~ 6 HÓ\\ qT+&ç
5 2 3 çb˛‘·÷ ñ+&ÓqT.
It had been falling since june month.
S p s¡$ 30s√E\ 4 9qT+&ç Ç+ø± #Ó|üPÔ ñ+&ÓqT.
It had been falling for 6 months.
m u
s¡$ k˛eTyês¡eTT qT+&ç Ç+ø± #Ó|Pü Ô ñ+&Ó
qT.
3 9
a
Ravi had been telling since Monday.
R : 9 Ravi had been telling for 3 days.
l qT. e÷ {°#·s¡T 4 >∑+!\ ùd|ü⁄ Ç+ø± $e]dü÷Ô ñ+&ÓqT.
C e l
e÷ {°#·s¡T 4 >∑+!\ qT+&ç $e]dü÷Ô ñ+&Ó
Our teacher had been explaining since 4P.M. Our teacher had been explaining for 4 hours.
y˚TeTT eT<Ûë´Vü≤ïeTT qT+&ç Ç+ø± #Ódt Ä&ÉT‘·÷ ñ+{Ï$T. y˚TeTT 2 >∑+!\ ùd|ü⁄ Ç+ø± #Ódt Ä&ÉT‘·÷ ñ+{Ï$T.
We had been playing chess since afternoon. We had been playing chess for 2 hours.
yês¡T <ëìì ìqï{Ï qT+&ç Ç+ø± yÓ‘·T≈£î‘·÷H˚ ñ+&ç]. yês¡T <ëìì 2 s√E\ qT+&ç Ç+ø± yÓ‘T· ≈£î‘·÷H˚ ñ+&ç].
They had been searching it since yesterday. They had been searching it for 2 days.
n‘·&ÉT 2 >∑+!\ qT+&ç Ç+ø± ‹+≥÷ ñ+&ÓqT. n‘·&ÉT 2 >∑+!\ ùd|ü⁄ Ç+ø± ‹+≥÷ ñ+&ÓqT.
He had been eating since 2 o’clock. He had been eating for 2 hours.
e÷ ‘·eTTà&ÉT 3 >∑+!\ qT+&ç Ç+ø± ø±˝Ÿ #˚d÷ü Ô ñ+&ÓqT. e÷ ‘·eTTà&ÉT 3 >∑+!\ ùd|ü⁄ Ç+ø± ø±˝Ÿ #˚d÷ü Ô ñ+&ÓqT.
My brother had been calling since 3 o’clock. My brother had been calling for 3 hours.
MTs¡T ìqï{Ï qT+&ç Ç+ø± #·÷dü÷Ô ñ+&ç]. MTs¡T ˇø£ yês¡eTT qT+&ç Ç+ø± #·÷dü÷Ô ñ+&ç].
You had been watching it since yesterday. You had been watching it for a week.
MT Hêqï >±s¡T 2013 qT+&ç Ç+ø± |òE
” ø£&TÉ ‘·÷ ñ+&ç]. MT Hêqï >±s¡T 3 dü+e‘·‡sê\ qT+&ç Ç+ø± |ò”E ø£&ÉT‘·÷ ñ+&ç].
Your father had been paying the fees since 2013. Your father had been paying the fees for 3 years.

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Future - Perfect - Continuous - Tense
( |òüP´#·sY ` |üsYô|òø˘º ` ø£+{°qTj·Tdt ` f…Hé‡ )
ˇø£ |üìì .... ÁbÕs¡+_Û+∫ ... Ä<˚ |üì uÛÑ$wü´‘·TÔ˝À ... Ç+ø± ø=qkÕ>∑T‘·÷ ñ+&˚≥Tº #Ó|üŒ&ÜìøÏ
The action started and still continuing in the Future ...

|üüì bÕs¡+_Û+∫q ... düeTj·÷ìï |üø±ÿ>± #Ó|üŒ&ÜìøÏ |üüì bÕs¡+uÛÑyÓTÆq eé~Û >∑T]+∫ #Ó|üŒ&É+
H˚qT 2020 es¡≈£î Çø£ÿ&É Ç+ø± |üì#˚düTÔ+{≤qT. H˚qT 10 dü+!\ es¡≈£î Çø£ÿ&É Ç+ø± |üì#˚düTÔ+{≤qT.
I will have been working here since 2010. I will have been working here for 10 years.
y˚TeTT ˙ ø√dü+ 9 >∑+!\ es¡≈î£ Ç+ø± m<äTs¡T#·÷dü÷Ô ñ+{≤eTT. y˚TeTT ˙ ø√dü+ 3 >∑+!\ ùd|ü⁄ m<äTs¡T#·÷dü÷Ô ñ+{≤eTT.
We will have been waiting for you since 9A.M. We will have been waiting for you for 3 hours.
n‘·&ÉT ñ<Û√´>∑eTT ø√dü+ 2025 es¡≈£î Ç+ø± Á|üj·T‹ïdü÷Ô ñ+{≤&ÉT. n‘·&TÉ ñ<Û√´>∑eTT ø√dü+ 9 dü+!e‘·s‡ ê\ es¡≈î£ Ç+ø± |Á jü T· ‹ïd÷ü Ô ñ+{≤&ÉT.
He will have been trying for a job since 2005. He will have been trying for a job for 9 years.
neTà kÕj·T+Á‘+· es¡≈î£ Ç+ø± e+≥ e+&É‘÷· ñ+≥T+~.

li s h
neTà 3 >∑+!\ ùd|ü⁄ Ç+ø± e+≥ e+&É‘·÷ ñ+≥T+~.
Mummy will have been cooking since morning.
E n g Mummy will have been cooking for 3hours.
n~ 6nHÓ\\ es¡≈£î Ç+ø± |ü&9

n~ pHé HÓ\ es¡≈£î Ç+ø± |ü&çb˛‘·÷ ñ+≥T+~.
ok e 5 2 3 çb˛‘·÷ ñ+≥T+~.
SpT. s¡$930s√E\ 49es¡≈£î Ç+ø± #Ó|üPÔ ñ+{≤&ÉT.

It will have been falling since june month. It will have been falling for 6 months.
s¡$ k˛eTyês¡eTT es¡≈î£ Ç+ø± #Ó|uPü Ô ñ+{≤&É
a m
R≈£î $e]dü÷Ô ñ+{≤&É
Ravi will have been telling since Monday. 9 3
:T. e÷ {°#·s¡T 4 >∑+!\ ùd|ü⁄ Ç+ø± $e]dü÷Ô ñ+{≤&ÉT.
Ravi will have been telling for 3 days.
ll
Ce
e÷ {°#·s¡T 4 >∑+!\ es¡
Our teacher will have been explaining since 4 P.M. Our teacher will have been explaining for 4 hours.
y˚TeTT eT<Ûë´Vü≤ïeTT es¡≈î£ Ç+ø± #Ódt Ä&ÉT‘·÷ ñ+{≤eTT. y˚TeTT 2 >∑+!\ ùd|ü⁄ Ç+ø± #Ódt Ä&ÉT‘·÷ ñ+{≤eTT.
We will have been playing chess since afternoon. We will have been playing chess for 2 hours.
yês¡T <ëìì sπ |ü{Ï es¡≈î£ Ç+ø± yÓ‘·T≈£î‘·÷H˚ ñ+{≤s¡T. yês¡T <ëìì 2 s√E\ es¡≈î£ Ç+ø± yÓ‘T· ≈£î‘·÷H˚ ñ+{≤s¡T.
They will have been searching it since yesterday. They will have been searching it for 2 days.
n‘·&ÉT 2 >∑+!\ es¡≈£î Ç+ø± ‹+≥÷ ñ+{≤&ÉT. n‘·&ÉT 2 >∑+!\ ùd|ü⁄ Ç+ø± ‹+≥÷ ñ+{≤&ÉT.
He will have been eating since 2 o’clock. He will have been eating for 2 hours.
e÷ ‘·eTTà&ÉT 3 >∑+!\ es¡≈î£ Ç+ø± ø±˝Ÿ #˚d÷ü Ô ñ+{≤&ÉT. e÷ ‘·eTTà&ÉT 3 >∑+!\ ùd|ü⁄ Ç+ø± ø±˝Ÿ #˚d÷ü Ô ñ+{≤&ÉT.
My brother will have been calling since 3 o’clock. My brother will have been calling for 3 hours.
MTs¡T Ä~yês¡eTT es¡≈î£ Ç+ø± #·÷dü÷Ô ñ+{≤s¡T. MTs¡T ˇø£ yês¡eTT es¡≈î£ Ç+ø± #·÷dü÷Ô ñ+{≤s¡T.
You will have been watching it since yesterday. You will have been watching it for a week.
MT Hêqï >±s¡T 2028 es¡≈£î Ç+ø± |ò”E ø£&ÉT‘·÷ ñ+{≤s¡T. MT Hêqï >±s¡T 3 dü+e‘·s‡ ê\ es¡≈î£ Ç+ø± |òE” ø£&TÉ ‘·÷ ñ+{≤s¡T.
Your father will havebeen paying the fees since 2028. Your father will have been paying the fees for 3 years.

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5
1. Present - Simple
2. Present - Continuous
Present
3. Present - Perfect
4. Present - Perfect - Continuous
5. Past - Simple
6. Past - Continuous
Past
7. Past - Perfect
8. Past - Perfect - Continuous
9. Future - Simple
10. Future - Continuous
Future
li sh
11. Future - Perfect
12. FutureE
g
n - Continuous
- Perfect
k e n 2 3 9
p o 9 5
Sq eTTKýÓ9TÆq0..4Powerful Structures
J$‘ê+‘·+ >∑Ts¡TÔ+#·Tø√e\dæ
u
R am : 9 3
ll
Ce
1. Present Simple............. Subject + Present(s) ..... I go ....( He/she/it .. goes )
2. Present Continuous...... Sub+ is / am / are + ing.... I am going ... ( He is going)
3. Present Perfect............. Sub + have / has / + V3 ..... I have gone .... ( He has gone (V3)
4. Present - Perf -Conti.. Sub + have / has been + ing I have been going ... ( He has been...
5. Past Simple................... Sub+ Past ........................ I ( he ) ... went .......

6. Past Continuous........... Sub+ was / were + ing...... I ( he ) was going .....
7. Past - Perfect......... Sub+ had + V3 ................. I ( he ) had gone ...
8. Past - Perf -Conti.. Sub+ had been + ing.......... I ( he ) had been going...
9. Future Simple............... Sub+ will + Present ........ I ( he ) will go...
10. Future Continuous..... Sub+will be + ing.............. I ( he ) will be going ....
11. Future Perfect............. Sub + will have + V3 .......... I ( he ) will have gone .....
12. Future - Perf -Conti.. Sub+ will have been + ing.. I ( he )will have been going ...

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Conjugation of a verb - Table (12 Tenses)
Perfect
Simple Continuous Perfect Continuous
1 2 3 4
Present
Present Present Present

ás√E Simple Continuous Perfect Perfect Continuous
Present Subject + Sub + is /am / are Sub + have / has +
Sub + have / has + V3
Present( s ) + ing been + ing
5 6 7 8
ìqï Past Past Past Past
Simple Continuous Perfect Perfect Continuous
Past
Subject + Past Sub + was / were + Sub + had + V3 Sub + had been + ing
ing
9 10 11 12
Future Future Future Future
πs|ü⁄ Continuous Perfect Perfect Continuous
Simple
Future Subject + will + Sub + will be + Sub + will have +
l i s h
Sub + will have+ been + ing
Present ing V3
E
$<Ûë´s¡Tú\T ... ô|’ fÒãT˝Ÿ qT ... n+<äT˝Àì ... 12 f…qT‡\ ù|s¡¢qT... MT H√{ÏøÏ e#˚Ã+‘·n
g
es¡≈£î .... ø£+sƒ¡düúeTT #˚j·T+&ç ....
k e n 2 3 9
Conjugation of a verb - p
S I goo & He 4 ( 95 ) goes
m u 3 9 0 3rd Person singular
R a l : 9 Perfect
Simple
Ce l
Continuous Perfect Continuous
I go I am going I have gone I have been going

ás√E
Present He goes He is going He has gone He has been going
ìqï I went I was going I had gone I had been going

Past He went He was going He had been going
he had gone
I will go I will be going I will have gone

πs|ü⁄ I will have been going
Future He will go He will be going he will have gone He will have been going
$<ë´s¡Tú\T ... ô|’ fÒãT˝Ÿ qT ... n+<äT˝Àì ... yêø±´\qT ... MT H√{ÏøÏ e#˚Ã+‘· es¡≈£î .... ø£+sƒ¡düúeTT #˚j·T+&ç ....

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Conjugation of a verb - I go ( Telugu - Meanings )
Perfect
ás√E I go I am going I have gone I have been going

Present H˚qT yÓfi≤ÔqT H˚qT yÓfi¯óÔHêïqT H˚qT Ç|ü⁄Œ&˚ yÓfi≤flqT H˚qT Ç+ø± yÓfi¯óÔHêïqT
ìqï I went I was going I had gone I had been going
Past H˚qT yÓfi≤flqT H˚qT yÓfi¯óÔ+{Ïì H˚qT n|ü⁄Œ&˚ yÓ[fl H˚qT Ç+ø±
ñ+{Ïì yÓfió¯ +Ô {Ïì
I will go I will be going I will have I will have been
πs|ü⁄ gone going
H˚qT sπ |ü⁄
H˚qT sπ |ü⁄ H˚qT n|ü⁄Œ&˚ yÓ[fl H˚qhT Ç+ø±
Future yÓfi≤ÔqT yÓfi¯óÔ+{≤qT
ñ+{≤qT g l s
i yÓfi¯óÔ+{≤qT
E nes¡≈£î .... ø£+sƒ¡düúeTT #˚j·T+&ç ....
k e n
$<ë´s¡Tú\T ... ô|’ fÒãT˝Ÿ qT ... n+<äT˝Àì ... yêø±´\qT ... MT H√{ÏøÏ e#˚Ã+‘·
2 3 9
S p o 4 9 5
Conjugation of a verb - He
m u goes (
3 0
3rd Person singular
9
) ( Telugu - Meanings )
R a l:9
Simple e l
CContinuous Perfect
Perfect
Continuous
He goes He is going He has gone He has been going

ás√E
Present n‘·&ÉT yÓfi≤Ô&ÉT n‘·&ÉT n‘·&ÉT Ç|ü⁄Œ&˚ n‘·&ÉT Ç+ø±
yÓfi¯óÔHêï&ÉT yÓfi≤fl&ÉT yÓfi¯óÔHêï&ÉT
He went He had been going
ìqï He was going he had gone
n‘·&ÉT n‘·&TÉ n‘·&TÉ Ç+ø±
Past n‘·&ÉT n|ü⁄Œ&˚
yÓfi≤fl&ÉT yÓfió¯ +Ô &ÓqT yÓ[fl ñ+&ÓqT yÓfió¯ Ô+&ÓqT
he will have He will have
He will go He will be
πs|ü⁄ going gone been going
n‘·&ÉT πs|ü⁄ n‘·&TÉ Ç+ø±
Future yÓfi≤Ô&TÉ n‘·&ÉT πs|ü⁄ n‘·&ÉT n|ü⁄Œ&˚
yÓfi¯óÔ+{≤&ÉT yÓ[fl ñ+{≤&ÉT yÓfió¯ +Ô {≤&ÉT

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Conjugation of a verb - We come ( Telugu - Meanings )
Perfect
We have been
We are We have come

ás√E We come coming coming
y˚TeTT ekÕÔeTT y˚TeTT y˚TeTT Ç|ü⁄Œ&˚ y˚TeTT Ç+ø±
Present e#êÃeTT.
edüTHÔ êïeTT edüTHÔ êïeTT
We came We were We had come We had been
ìqï y˚TeTT coming coming
Past y˚TeTT y˚TeTT n|ü⁄Œ&e˚ ∫Ã y˚TeTT Ç+ø±
e#êÃeTT edüT+Ô {Ï$T ñ+{Ï$T edüT+Ô {Ï$T
We will We will be We will have We will have been
πs|ü⁄ come coming come coming
Future y˚TeTT πs|ü⁄ y˚TeTT πs|ü⁄ y˚TeTT n|ü⁄Œ&˚
l i h
y˚sTeTT Ç+ø±
ekÕÔeTT edüT+Ô {≤eTT e∫Ãñ+{≤eTT.
n g edüT+Ô {≤eTT
E ø£+sƒ9¡düúeTT #˚j·T+&ç ....
H√{Ïn
$<ë´s¡Tú\T ... ô|’ fÒãT˝Ÿ qT ... n+<äT˝Àì ... yêø±´\qT ... MT e øÏ e#˚Ã+‘· es¡≈£î .... 3
o
p( 049 )k 5 2
u S 9
Conjugation of a verb - She reads 3rd Person singular ( Telugu - Meanings )
Ra ll : 9 m 3
Simple e
CContinuous Perfect
Perfect
Continuous
She is She has read She has been
She reads
ás√E ÄyÓT reading ÄyÓT Ç|ü⁄Œ&˚ reading
Present ÄyÓT ÄyÓT Ç+ø± #·<Tä e⁄‘·÷
#·<Tä e⁄‘·T+~ #·<äTe⁄‘·÷ qï~ #·~$+~ e⁄qï~
She read She was She had read She had been
ìqï reading reading
ÄyÓT ÄyÓT ÄyÓT n|ü⁄Œ&˚
Past ÄyÓT Ç+ø±
#·~$+~ #·<Tä e⁄‘·÷+&ÓqT #·~$ñ+&ÓqT #·<Tä e⁄‘·÷+&ÓqT
She will She will be She will She will have
πs|ü⁄ read reading have read been reading
Future ÄyÓT πs|ü⁄ ÄyÓTsπ |ü⁄ #·<Tä e⁄‘·÷ ÄyÓT n|ü⁄Œ&˚ ÄyÓT Ç+ø±
#·<Tä e⁄‘·T+~ e⁄+≥T+~ #·~$ ñ+≥T+~ #·<äTe⁄‘·÷ e⁄+≥T+~

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Conjugation of a verb - They buy ( Telugu - Meanings )
Perfect
Simple Continuous Perfect
Continuous
They buy They are They have They have been
ás√E yês¡T buying bought buying

Present yês¡T yês¡T Ç|ü⁄Œ&˚ yês¡T Ç+ø±
ø=+{≤s¡T ø=+≥THêïs¡T ø=Hêïs¡T ø=+≥THêïs¡T
They They were They had They had been
ìqï bought buying bought buying
Past yês¡T yês¡T yês¡T n|ü⁄Œ&˚ yês¡T Ç+ø±
ø=Hêïs¡T ø=+≥T+&ç] ø=ì ñ+&ç] ø=+≥T+&ç]
They will They will be They will They will have
πs|ü⁄ buy buying have bought been buying
yês¡T
Future yês¡T πs|ü⁄ ø=+≥T+{≤s¡T yês¡T n|ü⁄Œ&˚
l i s h
yês¡T Ç+ø±
ø=+{≤s¡T ø=ì ñ+{≤s¡T
E g ø=+≥T+{≤s¡T
nes¡≈£î .... ø£+sƒ¡düúeTT #˚j·T+&ç ....
k e n
$<ë´s¡Tú\T ... ô|’ fÒãT˝Ÿ qT ... n+<äT˝Àì ... yêø±´\qT ... MT H√{ÏøÏ e#˚Ã+‘·
2 3 9
Conjugation of a verb - S It p
o 495 )
m u eats (
3 9 0
3rd Person singular ( Telugu - Meanings )
R a l : 9
Ce
Simple Continuous l Perfect
Perfect
Continuous
It eats It is eating It has eaten It has been eating

ás√E n~ Ç+ø±
n~ n~ n~ Ç|ü⁄Œ&˚
Present
‹+≥T+~ ‹+≥Tqï~ ‹ì+~ ‹+≥Tqï~
It was It had It had been eating
ìqï It ate
eating eaten
Past n~ ‹ì+~ n~ n~ n|ü⁄Œ&˚ ‹ì n~ Ç+ø±
‹+≥T+&ÓqT ñ+&ÓqT ‹+≥T+&ÓqT
It will eat It will be It will have It will have been
πs|ü⁄ eating eaten eating
Future n~ πs|ü⁄ n~ πs|ü⁄ n~ n|ü⁄Œ&˚ ‹ì n~ Ç+ø±
‹+≥T+~ ‹+≥T+≥T+~ ñ+≥T+~ ‹+≥T+≥T+~

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Conjugation of a verb - Children play ( Telugu - Meanings )
Perfect
Simple Continuous Perfect
Continuous
Children Children
Children Children have

ás√E play are playing have played been playing
Present |æ\¢\T |æ\¢\T |æ\¢\T Ç|ü⁄Œ&˚ |æ\¢\T Ç+ø±
Ä&É‘ês¡T Ä&ÉT‘·THêïs¡T Ä&Üs¡T Ä&ÉT‘·THêïs¡T
Children Children Children had Children had
ìqï played were playing played been playing
Past |æ\¢\T |æ\¢\T |æ\¢\T n|ü⁄Œ&˚ |æ\¢\T Ç+ø±
Ä&Üs¡T Ä&ÉT‘·T+&ç] Ä&ç ñ+&ç] Ä&ÉT‘·T+&ç]
πs|ü⁄ Children Children will Children will Children will have
will play be playing have played been playing
|æs\h
Future |æ\¢\T πs|ü⁄ |æ\¢\T |æ\¢\T n|ü⁄Œ&˚
g l i ¢\T Ç+ø±
Ä&ÉT‘·T+{≤s¡T
Ä&É‘ês¡T Ä&ÉT‘·T+{≤s¡T Ä&ç ñ+{≤s¡T n
E ø£+9sƒ¡düúeTT #˚j·T+&ç ....
$<ë´s¡Tú\T ... ô|’ fÒãT˝Ÿ qT ... n+<äT˝Àì ... yêø±´\qT ... MTe
k n
H√{ÏøÏ e#˚Ã+‘· es¡≈£î ....3
2
S o
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Conjugation of a verb - Rama sings ( 3rd Person singular ) ( Telugu - Meanings )
3 9
Ra ll : 9
SimpleCContinuous e Perfect
Perfect
Continuous
Rama Rama is Rama has Rama has been
ás√E sings singing sung singing
Present sêeTT&ÉT sêeTT&ÉT sêeTT&ÉT Ç|ü⁄Œ&˚ sêeTT&ÉT Ç+ø±
bÕ&É‘ê&ÉT bÕ&ÉT‘·THêï&ÉT bÕ&Ü&ÉT bÕ&ÉT‘·THêï&ÉT
Rama Rama was Rama had Rama had been
ìqï sang singing sung singing
Past sêeTT&ÉT sêeTT&ÉT sêeTT&ÉT n|ü⁄Œ&˚ sêeTT&ÉT Ç+ø±
bÕ&Ü&ÉT bÕ&ÉT‘·T+&ÓqT bÕ&çñ+&ÓqT bÕ&ÉT‘·T+&ÓqT
Rama will Rama will Rama will Rama will have
πs|ü⁄ sing be singing have sung been singing
sêeTT&ÉT sêeTT&ÉT n|ü⁄Œ&˚
Future sêeTT&ÉT πs|ü⁄ bÕ&ÉT‘·T+{≤&ÉT bÕ&çñ+{≤&ÉT sêeTT&ÉT Ç+ø±
bÕ&É‘ê&ÉT bÕ&ÉT‘·T+{≤&ÉT
$<ë´s¡Tú\T .... ô|’ fÒãT˝Ÿ qT ... n+<äT˝Àì ... yêø±´\qT ... MT H√{ÏøÏ e#˚Ã+‘· es¡≈£î .... ø£+sƒ¡düúeTT #˚j·T+&ç ....

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H˚qT ... nH˚ düu…®ø˘º qT rdüTø=ì .... ˇπø .... es¡T“qT rdüTø=ì ..... 12 s¡ø±\T>± .... 12 f…qT‡\T>± ... m˝≤ #ÓbÕŒ˝À .... $e]+#êqT
◊‘˚ .... MTs¡T .... Á|üø£ÿqTqï MT≈£î q∫Ãq düu…®ø˘º\qT ñ|üjÓ÷–dü÷Ô ... q∫Ãq es¡T“qT rdüTø=ì ... n˝≤π> bòÕdtº>± ...
H√{Ï ÁbÕø°ºdt ... #˚j·T+&ç .... Practice makes man Perfect
I go I am going I have gone I have been going
I went I was going I had gone I had been going
I will go I will be going I will have gone I will have been going
I sing I am singing I have sung I have been singing

I sang I was singing I had sung I had been singing
I will sing I will be singing I will have sung I will have been singing
I
We I read I am reading I have read I have been reading
You I read I was reading I had read I had been reading
They I will read I will be reading I will have read I will have been reading
These
Theso
Rama &Seetha I swim I am swimming I have swum I have been swimming
Boys I swam I was swimming I had swum I had been swimming
Girls
li sh
I will swim I wlll be swimming I will have swum I will have been swimming
Pens
Books
I learn En g
I am learning I havelearnt I have been learning
Cats
Rats
I learnt
en
I waslearning
k 2 3 9 I had learnt I had been learning
Lions
p o
S 904 95
I will learn I wlll be learning I will have learnt I will have beenlearning
Tigers
Sun & Moon I join
m u 3I am joining I have joined I have been joining
Trains
Ra
I joined
l : 9 I was joining I had joined I had been joining

Buses
Cars
I kill Cel
I will join I wlll be joining
I am killing
I will have joined I will have been joining
I have killed I have been killing

etc.........
I killed I was killing I had killed I had been killing
I will kill I wlll be killing I will have killed I will have been killing
I come I am coming I have come I have been coming

I came I was coming I had come I had been coming
I will come I wlll be coming I will have come I will have been coming
I drink I am drinking I have drunk I have been drinking

I drank I was drinking I had drunk I had been drinking
I will drink I wlll be drinking I will have drunk I will have been drinking
I see I am seeing I have seen I have been seeing

I saw I was seeing I had seen I had been seeing
I will see I wlll be seeing I will have seen I will have been seeing
düu…®ø˘º\qT e÷s¡Ã+&ç .... es¡T“\qT e÷s¡Ã+&ç ... 12 f…qT‡\T bòÕdtº>± #Ó|üŒ&É+ ÁbÕø°ºdt #˚j·T+&ç
I , We , You , They , Rama & Seeta , Boys , Children , ... etc...
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Çø£ÿ&É MTs¡T #·÷düTÔqï$ .... 3e e´øÏÔ @ø£ e#·qeTT\T 3rd Person Singulars ...
He - She - It - Rama - Seeta ....etc
Present - Tense ˝À ... ( Verb + S ) is - has - has been nì #ÓbÕŒ* ... >∑eTì+#·+&ç ...
He goes He is going He has gone He has been going
He went He was going He had gone He had been going
He will go He will be going He will have gone He will have been going
She sings She is singing She has sung She has been singing
She sang She was singing She had sung She had been singing
She will sing She will be singing She will have sung She will have been singing
He It reads It is reading It has read It has been reading

She It read It was reading It had read It had been reading
It It will read Itwill be reading It will have read It will have been reading
This
That
This swims This is swimming This has swum This has been swimming
Rama
This swam This was swimming This had swum This had been swimming
Seetha
Sun
li sh
This will swim This wlll be swimming Thiswill have swum This will have been swimming
Moon
En g
Tiger
Lion
k n 2 3 9
That learns That is learning That has learnt That has been learning
e
That learnt That was learning That had learnt That had been learning
Bus
Car p o 95
That will learn That wlll be learning That will have learnt That will have been learning
S 904
Train
m u 3
Rama joins Rama is joining Rama has joined Rama has been joining
Aeroplane
etc...... Ra : 9
Rama joined Rama was joining Rama had joined Rama had been joining
l
Cel
Rama will join Rama wlll be joining Rama will have joined Rama will have been joining
Seetha kills Seetha is killing Seetha has killed Seetha has been killing
Seetha killed Seetha was killing Seetha had killed Seetha had been killing
Seetha will kill Seetha wlll be killing Seetha will have killed Seetha will have been killing
The sun rises The sun is rising The sun has risen The sun has been rising
The sun rose The sun was rising The sun had risenThe sun had been rising
Thesunwillrise Thesun wlllberising Thesunwillhaverisen Thesunwillhavebeenrising
The moon shines The moon is shining The moon has shined The moon has been shining
The moon shined The moon was shining The moon had shined The moon had been shining
The moon will shine The moon will be shining Themoon will have shined The moon will have been shining
Tiger drinks Tiger is drinking Tiger has drunk Tiger has been drinking
Tiger drank Tiger was drinking Tiger had drunk Tiger had been drinking
Tiger will drink Tiger wlll be drinking Tiger will have drunk Tiger will have been drinking
Çø£ÿ&É MTs¡T #·÷düTÔ+&˚$ .... 3 e´øÏÔ @ø£ e#·qeTT\T 3rd Person Singulars ...
He - She - It - Rama - Seeta ....etc Present - Tense ˝À ... is - has - has been nì #ÓbÕŒ* ... >∑eTì+#·+&ç ...

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yÓqTø£ ù||üs¡¢˝À ... $e]+∫q ... $<Ûä+>± á ÁøÏ +~ 100 yêø±´\≈£î
Home-work Conjugation of a Verb 12 - Tenses Home-work
\T>± H√{Ÿ ãTø˘ ˝À sêj·T+&ç ... H√{Ï‘√ ÁbÕø°ºdt #Ój·T´+&ç
1. Seeta drinks coffee. 51. Engineer gives the plan.
2. Raja breaks the bat. 52. My brother watches T.V.
3. My father spends the money. 53. He serves the poor.
4. Raju sees the snake. 54. She attracts me.
5. Daddy brushes the teeth. 55. I love India.

6. Ramu finishes his home work. 56. Gandhi gets Independence.
7. Saritha reads the News-Papers. 57. We finish this work.
8. Sujatha write a letter. 58. They complete the project.
9. Ravi cleans the room. 59. I learn computer.
10. Sujatha washes the clothes. 60. We learn computer & Spoken English.
11. Lavanya passes the 10th class. 61. He drinks coffee and milk.
12. Rama kills the snake. 62. We eat Idlies and poories.
13. The Repairer repairs the watch. 63. The doctor sends the Ambulance.
14. She writes the novels. 64. We reach the target.
15. The servant cuts the trees. 65. I learn Spoken English.
16. Rajani breaks the glass. 66. We play cricket.
17. Geeta sings a song. 67. You spend a lot of money.
18. The carpenter makes the chair.
li sh 68. They catch the bus.
19. Daddy sends the gift to me.
20. Raghava kills the tiger.
En g 69. He smokes the cigarettes.
70. She buys 10 saries.
22. Ravi takes the gift.

k n 2 3 9
21. Our Head Master punishes the students.
e
71. It does its work.
72. Rama sings a nice song.
p o
23. He gives the Instructions.
S 904
24. My father brings a T.V. 95 73. Seeta marries janardhan.
74. kiran loves his country.
m u
25. They elect Sandeep.
3 75. Indians win the match.
Ra
26. We win the match.
l
27.Sachin plays cricket.: 9 76. America gives an opportunity.
77. Sreeram weds Janaki.
Cel
28. Police catches the thief.
29. My brother opens the gate.
78. Chiru wins the first prize.
79. Y.S.R. defeats chandrababu.
30. We respect him. 80. Lalitha passes the P.G.
31. Mohan draw the picture. 81. He breaks the rule.
32. Shiva says the truth. 82. They made me very happy.
33. Rajani gives the present. 83. Kiran tears the waste paper.
34. The student operates the computer. 84. Suhasini plays the chess well.
35. The farmer grows rice. 85. Pratap directs the film.
36. He gives one lakh rupees. 86. Narayan remakes the Hit movie.
37. We take the first prize. 87. She builds the house.
38. The girl hits the boy. 88. Sharath catches the snake.
39. Mummy shuts the door. 89. Sreenivas studies degree in this college.
40. He returns the amounts. 90. H.M. Scolds the teachers.
41. He writes a letter. 91. We attend the meeting.
42. Arundati kills the snake. 92. Ravi repairs the computer.
43. We finish the home. 93. She fails the 10th class 3 times.
44. Seenu cooks non-veg. 94. Rani orders her sister.
45. Raju teaches economics. 95. His father put many conditions.
46. I post the letter. 96. The guard stops the train.
47. We get the ration card. 97. She obeys her mother.
48. C.B.I. Interrogates the criminals. 98. C.M. Hoists the flag.
49. Mummy locks the Godrej. 99. I control my bad habits.
50. They consult the doctor. 100. I complete the work.
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Write Your doubts here and call Ramu : 9390495239
li sh
En g
k en 2 3 9
p o
S 904 95
m u 3
Ra l : 9
Cel

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li sh
En g
k en 2 3 9
p o
S 904 95
m u 3
Ra l : 9
Cel

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li sh
En g
k en 2 3 9
p o
S 904 95
m u 3
Ra l : 9
Cel

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4) Conjugation of A Verb

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4) Conjugation of A Verb

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This is Ramu’s Institute of Spoken English (RISE) classroom study material.

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ˇø£ eTTK´yÓTÆq ÁøÏj·TqT @... @ dü+<Ûäsê“\˝À m˝≤ ñ|üjÓ÷–+#·e#√Ã...

yê{Ï >∑T]+∫ ‘Ó\TdüT≈£î+fÒ ... #ê\T

$<Ûë´s¡Tú\T ... ô|’ fÒãT˝Ÿ qT ... n+<äT˝Àì ... 12 f…qT‡\ ù|s¡¢qT...

Present - Simple - Tense

y˚TeTT ñ<äj÷· H˚ bÕ\T ‘ê>∑T‘êeTT. Singular ÄyÓT ñ<äj÷· H˚ bÕ\T ‘ê>∑T‘·T+~.

n‘·&ÉT ÇkÕÔ&ÉT . He gives.

2. eTq n\yê≥¢qT... ~q#·s¡´\qT ‘Ó\Tù|≥|ü⁄Œp &ÉT o 9 5

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Past - Simple - Tense

we drank milk today morning. y˚TeTT ás√E ñ<äjT· + bÕ\T ‘ê>±eTT .

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Future- Simple - Tense

He may learn English shortly. n‘·&ÉT ‘=+<äs¡˝À Ç+^¢wt H˚s¡TÃø√e#·TÃ .

1. uÛÑ$wü´‘·TÔ˝À #˚j·÷*‡q |üqT\≈£î ... 4. uÛÑ$wü´‘·TÔ˝À #˚j·÷*‡q |üqT\qT

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Present - Continuous - Tense

They are coming from America. yês¡T ny˚T]ø± yÓﬁ¯óÔHêïs¡T.

H˚qT Ç|ü⁄Œ&ÉT ‹+≥THêïqT. li s h

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Past - Continuous - Tense

They were coming from America. yês¡T ny˚T]ø± yÓﬁ¯óÔ+&ç].

sêeTT&ÉT ìqï u≤<Û|ä & ü TÉ ‘·T+&ÓqT. Ramu was worrying yesterday.

y˚TeTT ìqï {°.M. #·÷düT+Ô {Ï$T. We were watching T.V. yesterday.

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Future - Continuous - Tense

y˚TeTT uÛ$Ñ wü´‘·T˝

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Present - Perfect - Tense

He has learnt English recently. n‘·&ÉT Ä eT<Ûä´H˚ Ç+^¢wt H˚s¡TÃ≈£îHêï&ÉT.

H˚qT Ç|ü⁄Œ&˚ ‹HêïqT. y˚TeTT >∑‘· Ä~yês¡y˚T dæìe÷ #·÷XÊeTT.

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Past - Perfect - Tense

they had attended that party.

H˚qT n|ü⁄Œ&˚ ‹ì ñ+{Ïì. y˚TeTT >∑‘· Ä~yês¡yT˚ dæìe÷ #·÷dæ ñ+{Ï$T.

R qT. ll : s¡$ dü]‘·qT n|üŒ{Ïπø ô|[ﬂ #˚düTø=ì ñ+&ÓqT.

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Future - Perfect - Tense

Ravi will have told just then.

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Present - Perfect - Continuous - Tense

Since ( Point of Time ) for ( Duration of Time )

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Past - Perfect - Continuous - Tense

Since ( Point of Time ) for ( Duration of Time )

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Future - Perfect - Continuous - Tense

Since ( Point of Time ) for ( Duration of Time )

neTà kÕj·T+Á‘+· es¡≈î£ Ç+ø± e+≥ e+&É‘÷· ñ+≥T+~.

n~ 6nHÓ\\ es¡≈£î Ç+ø± |ü&9

SpT. s¡$930s√E\ 49es¡≈£î Ç+ø± #Ó|üPÔ ñ+{≤&ÉT.

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5. Past Simple................... Sub+ Past ........................ I ( he ) ... went .......

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Conjugation of a verb - Table (12 Tenses)

Present Present Present

1. uÛÑ$wü´‘·TÔ˝À #˚j·÷‡q |üqT\≈£î ... 4. uÛÑ$wü´‘·TÔ˝À #˚j·÷‡q |üqT\qT