Name: John Mel D.

Paglinawan Year and Section: BSEd Science 1-B

GE 104 - Mathematics in a Modern World

Module 3 – Problem Solving
EXERCISES

Routine Problems

1. The sum of two numbers is 25. One of the numbers exceeds the other by 9. Find
the numbers.

Solution A: Solution B:
x + x+ 9=25 x +9
2 x+ 9=25 8+ 9
2 x=25−9
2 x=16 ¿ 17
16
x=
2
Solution C:
x=8 8+17+ 25
Therefore, 8 and 17 are the missing numbers.

2. The sum of three consecutive multiples of 8 is 888. Find the multiples.

Solution A: Solution C:
8 x + ( 8 x+1 ) + ( 8 x +2 )=888 8(x +1)
8 x +8 x+ 8 x +8+16=888 8 ( 36+1 )
24 x +24=888 8 ( 37 )
24 x=888−24
24 x=864 ¿ 296
864
x=
24
Solution D:
x=36 8 ( x +2 )
8 ( 36+2 )
8 ( 38 )
Solution B:
8x ¿ 304
8( 36)
¿ 288
Solution E:
288+296+ 304=888

Therefore, the three consecutive multiples are 288, 296, and 304.

3. The length of a rectangle is twice its width. If the perimeter is 72 meter, find the
length and width of the rectangle.
Name: John Mel D. Paglinawan Year and Section: BSEd Science 1-B

GE 104 - Mathematics in a Modern World

Module 3 – Problem Solving
EXERCISES

Solution A: Solution B (Solving for Width):

width=x =12m 6 x=72
length=2 x=24 m 72
x=
perimeter=72=2(l+ w) 6
¿ 2 (2 x +x ) Width = x=12
¿ 2 (3 x )
¿6 x Solution C (Solving for Length):
=2 x
=2 ( 12 )
Length = 24

4. Aaron is 5 yrs. younger that Ron. 4 yrs. later, Ron will be twice as old as Aaron.
Find their present ages.

Solution:
Present Year: Ron=x
Aaron=x −5
4 years later:Ron=x +4
Aaron=x −1

x +4=2 ( x−1 )
x +4=2 x−2
2 x−x=4 +2
x=6

Therefore, Ron is 6 yrs. old while Aaron is 1 year old.

5. A number is divided into two parts such that one part is 10 more than the other.
If the two are in the ratio 5: 3, find the number and the two parts.

Solution:
Name: John Mel D. Paglinawan Year and Section: BSEd Science 1-B

GE 104 - Mathematics in a Modern World

Module 3 – Problem Solving
EXERCISES

5 1st number:
5 :3∨
3 5x
5 5 ( 5 )=25
x +10=
3 2nd number:
Find x: 3x
5 x=3 x+10 3 ( 5 )=15
5 x−3 x=10 The number: 23+15=40
2 x=10
2 x 10
=
2 2
x=5

Therefore, the two parts are 25 and 15, and the number is 40.

6. My mother is 12 yrs. more than twice my age. After 8 yrs. my mother's age will
be 20 yrs. less than three times my age. Find my age and my mother's age.

Solution: My mother ' s age

My age=x +8
My mother ' s age=2 x+ 12+ 8 2 x+12
3 ( x+ 8 )−20=2 x+12+8 32+12
3+24−20=2 x +12+8 ¿ 44
3 x+ 4=2 x+20
3 x−x 2=20−4
x=16

Therefore, my age will be 16 yrs. old and my mother’s age will be 44 yrs. old

7. Working alone, Carlos can oil the lanes in a bowling alley in five hours. Jenny can
oil the same lanes in nine hours. If they worked together how long would it take
them?

Solution: 1
C=
5
Name: John Mel D. Paglinawan Year and Section: BSEd Science 1-B

GE 104 - Mathematics in a Modern World

Module 3 – Problem Solving
EXERCISES

1 9 ×1 5× 1 1
J= + +
9 9 ×5 5 × 9 x
1 9 5 1
T= + +
x 45 45 x
14 1
+ =14 x ×45
45 x
45
x=
14
Find x: x=3.21 hours
8. One pipe can fill a swimming pool in 10 hours, while another in pipe can empty
the pool in 15 hours. How long would it take to fill the pool if both pipes were
accidentally left open?

Solution:
1 3−2
1 st pipe= ¿
10 30
−1 1
2 nd pipe= ¿
5 30
1 −1 1
Together= +
10 15 Then 1 = 30 hours
30

9. In a class of 42 students, the number of boys is 2/5 of the girls. Find the number
of boys and girls in the class.

Solution: x=30
G=x Boys:
2x 2x
B=
5 5
Girls: 2 ( 30 )
2x 5
x+( )5
=42
¿
60
7x 5
=42
5 ¿ 12
7 x=42 ( 5 )
7 x 210 B = 12
= G = 30
7 7
10. The organizers of an essay competition decide that a winner in the competition
gets a prize of $100 and a participant who does not win gets a prize of $25. The
total prize money distributed is $3000. Find the number of winners, if the total
number of participants is 63.
Name: John Mel D. Paglinawan Year and Section: BSEd Science 1-B

GE 104 - Mathematics in a Modern World

Module 3 – Problem Solving
EXERCISES

Solution:
w=x
P=63−x 100 x=25 ( 63−x )=3000
x=100 x 100 x+1575−25 x=3000
63−x=25 ( 63−x ) 75 x=3000−1575
75 x=1425
75 x 1425
=
75 75
x=19
Therefore, there are 19 winners.

Non Routine

1. Sixteen toothpicks are arranged as shown. Remove four toothpicks so that only
four congruent triangles remain.

2. Suppose that you buy a rare stamp for $15, sell it for 20$, buy it back for $25, and
finally sell it for $30. How much money did you make or lose in buying and
selling this stamp?

Solution:

First Buy = $15 1st Profit = $20 - $15 = $5

First Sell = $20 2nd Profit =$30 - $25 = $5

Second Buy = $25 Total Earnings:

Second Sell = $30 $5+$5=$10

3. The figure below shows twelve toothpicks arranged to form three squares. How
can you form five squares by moving only three toothpicks?
Name: John Mel D. Paglinawan Year and Section: BSEd Science 1-B

GE 104 - Mathematics in a Modern World

Module 3 – Problem Solving
EXERCISES

4. Lori wants to know where you will be when you take 3/5 of a CHICK, 2/3 of a
CAT, and 1/2 of a GOAT?

Solution:

3/5 of CHICK = CHI

2/3 of CAT = CA

½ of GOAT = GO

CHI+CA+GO = CHICAGO

5. Three apples and two pears cost 78 cents. But two apples and three pears cost 82
cents. What is the total cost of one apple and one pear?

Solution:

Total Apples = 3+2=5

Total Pears = 2+3= 5

Total Cost = 78 cents + 82 cents = 160 cents

160 cents/5 =32 cents

6. How many posts does it take to support a straight fence 200 yards long if a post
is placed every 20 yards?

Solution:

200 yards/12 yards = 10 posts

Therefore, there are 10 posts in a 200 yards straight fence that is placed in 2o
yards.

7. Raymond got an 85, 88 and 93 on his first three tests. What must get on his
fourth test so that his average on four tests is 90 (the lowest 'A')

Solution:

Let x as the 4th test:

Name: John Mel D. Paglinawan Year and Section: BSEd Science 1-B

GE 104 - Mathematics in a Modern World

Module 3 – Problem Solving
EXERCISES

( 85+88+93+ x )
=90 ( 4 )
4
( 85+88+ 93+ x )=360
266+ x=360
x=360−266
x=94

Therefore, the score in the fourth test is 94.

8. A bag of marbles can be divided in equal shares among 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 friends.

What is the least number of marbles that the bag could contain?

Solution:

2 2
3 3
4 2 2
5 5
6 2 3 2
LCM: 2 3 2 5
2 × 3 × 3 × 5 = 60

9. Emily spent two thirds of her money. Then she lost two thirds of the money that
was left. Four dollars remained. How much money did Emily have to begin with?

Solution:

2/3 Spent, 1/3 Keep 1 2

x− x=4
2/3 of 1/3 Kept is 2/9 3 9
Lost: 2/9
Kept: 1/3 3 2
x – x=4
9 9
1
x=4
9
x=4 ×9
x=36

Emily has 36 dollars to begin with.

10. Sarah went to a store, spent half of her money, and then spent $10 more. She
went on a second store, spent half of her remaining money, and then spent $10
more. Then she had no money left. How much money did she have in the
beginning when she went to the first store?

Solution:
Name: John Mel D. Paglinawan Year and Section: BSEd Science 1-B

GE 104 - Mathematics in a Modern World

Module 3 – Problem Solving
EXERCISES

x x
−10=0 −10=20
2 2

x x
=10 =20+ 10
2 2

x x
=10 × 2 =30
2 2

x x=30 ×2
=20
2
x=60

Sarah has $60 before she went to the first store.