Contents

Sketcher 33
1.1 LESSON: Changing Sketch Position 34
1.1.1 Introduction . 34
1.1.2 Change Sketch Support 35
1.1.3 Positioned 36
1.1.4 Sliding ... 37
1.1 .5 Isolated . . 38
1.1.6 Procedure. 39
1.1 .7 Sequence: Example 40
1.1 .8 Move geometry . . . 45
1.2 LESSON: Toolbar Profile - Spline 46
1.2.1 Introduction . 46
1.2.2 Spline icon . 47
1.2.3 Changing a Spline . . . . 48
1.2.4 Spline Definition panel, A 49
1.2.5 Spline Definition panel, B 50
1.2.6 Spline with tangents . . . 51
1.2.7 Spline with tangential continuity. 52
1.2.8 Connect icon . . . . 53
1.2.9 Selecting elements. 54
1.2.10 Connect with an arc 55
1.2.11 Continuity in point . 56
1.2.12 Continuity in tangency 56
1.2.13 Continuity in curvature . 57
1.2.14 The Connect Curve Definition panel. 58
1.2.15 Richtungspfeile bei Continuity in tangency 59
1.3 LESSON: Toolbar Profile - Conic 60
1.3.1 Introduction . . . . 60
1.3.2 Subtoolbar Conic 61
1.3.3 Ellipse . 62
1.3.4 Parabola by Focus 63
1.3.5 Hyperbola by Focus 64
1.3.6 Overview of conic sections 65
1 .3.7 Conic - Sketch tools . . . . 66
1.3.8 Conic section with two end tangents 67
1.3.9 Conic section with tangential intersection 68
1.3.10 Conic section with one end tangents 69
1.3.11 Conic section with 5 Points . . . 70
1.3.12 The Conic Curve Definition panel 71
1.3.13 Parameter . . . . . . . . . 72
1.3.14TIPPS . 72
1.4 LESSON: Toolbar Profile - Point 74
1.4.1 Introduction ... 74
1.4.2 Subtoolbar Point . . . . . 75
1.4.3 Point by Clicking . . . . . 76
1.4.4 Point by using Coordinates 77
1.4.5 Equidistant Points 78
1.4.6 Intersection Point 79
1.4.7 Projection Point 80

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1.4.8 Construction / Standard Elements 81

1.4.9 TiPPS . 81
1.5 LESSON: Copy and Paste . 83
1.5.1 Introduction . . . . . 83
1.5.2 Cut/Copy & Paste . 84
1.5.3 Copies of Elements 85
1.5.4 Copies of Constraints 85
1.5.5 Copying Sketch Axes 86
1.5.6 Sequence: Copying Sketch 86
1.5.7 Sequence: Copying into Another Part Document 89
1.6 LESSON: Overview Constraints. 92
1.6.1 Introduction ... 92
1.6.2 Constraint types . . . . . 93
1.6.3 Constraint icons . . . . . 94
1.6.4 Constraint - Constraints Defined in Dialog Box 95
1.6.5 Design intention '" 96
1.6.6 Sketch colors . . . . . 97
1.6.7 Reference dimension 98
1.7 LESSON: Contact Constraint 99
1.7.1 Introduction . 99
1.7.2 Function Contact Constraint 100
1.7.3 Workbench Association ... 100
1.7.4 Usage of Contact Constraint 101
1.7.5 Procedure . 102
1.7.6 Modification of Contact Constraint 102
1.8 LESSON: Auto Constraint 103
1.8.1 Introduction. 103
1.8.2 Purpose . 104
1.8.3 Procedure . 105
1.8.4 Repeat Mode . 105
1.8.5 Sequence: Automatic Dimensioning, A . 106
1.8.6 Sequence: Automatic Dimensioning, B . 110
1.8.7 Symmetry Lines 114
1.8.8 Constraint Mode . 115
1.8.9 TiPS . 115
1.9 LESSON: Animate Constraint. 116
1.9.1 Introduction 116
1.9.2 Purpose . 116
1.9.3 Procedure . 117
1.9.4 Animate Constraint Panel 118
1.9.5 Parameters 119
1.9.6 Actions . 120
1.9.7 Options . 121
1.9.8 Hide constraints 122
1.9.9 Constraints 122
1.9.10 Kinematic . 123
1.9.11 TIPS . 123
1.10 LESSON: Analysis in Sketch 124
1.10.1 Introduction . 124
1.10.2 Analysis Function .. 124
1.10.3 Workbench Association 125
1.10.4 Usage of Analysis .. 125
1.10.5 Sketch Solving Status . 126
1.10.6 Procedure . 127
1.10.7 Under-, Over- and Iso-Constrained 128
1.10.8 Sketch Analysis 129
1.10.9 Procedure . 129
1.10.1 OGeometry tab . 130
1.1 0.11Projections/lntersections tab. 131
1.1 0.12Diagnostic tab . . . . 132
1.11 LESSON: Measure in Sketch 133

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1.11.1 Introduction . . . . . 133

1.11.2 Measure Funct'lon . 133
1.11.3 Workbench Association 134
1.11.4 Usage of Measure 134
1.11.5 Measure Between 135
1.11.6 Procedure . . . . . 136
1.11 .7 Custom izing Measure between 137
1.11.8 Measure . 138
1.11.9 Procedure. . . . . . . .. 139
1.11.1OCustomizing Measure .. 140
1.11.11Updating Measurements. 140
1.12 LESSON: The Tools Toolbar . 141
1.12.1 Introduction . 141
1.12.2 Overview . . . . . 142
1.12.3 Create Datum . . . 143
1.12.4 Only Current Body 144
1.12.5 Output features . . 145
1.12.6 Sketch Solving Status 146
1.12.7 Sketch Analysis 146
1.13 LESSON: Methods . . . . . 147
1.13.1 Introduction . . . . . 147
1.13.2 Number of elements 147
1.13.3 Outer and inner contours 148
1.13.4 Correct size. . . . . . . 148
1.13.5 Exaggerating sketches. 149
1.13.6 Sketch outside a solid 149
1.13.7 Draw elements apart. 150
1.13.8 Standard points ... 151

2 References 153
2.1 LESSON: Overview References 154
2.1.1 Introduction . 154
2.1.2 Use . 155
2.1.3 Toolbar and Icons . 156
2.1.4 Reference Elements 157
2.1.5 Procedure. 158
2.1.6 Skeleton ... 159
2.1.7 Derivation .. 160
2.1.8 Create Datum 160
2.1.9 Advantages and Disadvantages 161
2.1.10 Subsequent Parameterization. 161
2.2 LESSON: Point, General. 162
2.2.1 Introduction .. 162
2.2.2 Application .. 163
2.2.3 Point function . 164
2.2.4 Procedure ... 165
2.2.5 Point types .. 166
2.2.6 Parameterization 167
2.2.7 Context Menu. 168
2.2.8 Modifications 169
2.2.9 Isolation .. 169
2.2.10 Constraints 170
2.2.11 Properties. 171
2.2.12 TIPS . . . . 171
2.3 LESSON: Point, Types. 173
2.3.1 Introduction. 173
2.3.2 Point type .. 174
2.3.3 Coordinates 175
2.3.4 On curve .. 176
2.3.5 Geodesic Euclidean 177
2.3.6 Reference Point .. 178

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2.3.7 Repeat object after OK 179

2.3.8 On plane with Planes. 180
2.3.9 On plane with Surface 181
2.3.10 On surface . 182
2.3.11 Circle / Sphere center 183
2.3.12 Tangent on curve . 184
2.3.13 Between . . . . . 185
2.4 LESSON: Toolbar Points. 186
2.4.1 Introduction 186
2.4.2 Function. 186
2.4.3 Usage ... 187
2.4.4 Overview . 188
2.4.5 Workbench Association 189
2.4.6 Point . 190
2.4.7 Points and Planes Repetition 191
2.4.8 Creating Points, Planes ... 191
2.4.9 Panel Points & Planes Repetition 192
2.4.10 Extremum . . . . . . . 193
2.4.11 Procedure Extremum . 193
2.4.12 Optional Directions . 194
2.4.13 Panel Extremum Definition 194
2.4.14 ExtremumPolar . . . 195
2.4.15 Procedure . 196
2.4.16 Creating Polar Extremum . 197
2.4.17 Panel Polar Extremum Definition 197
2.5 LESSON: Line, General 198
2.5.1 Introduction . 198
2.5.2 Application . 199
2.5.3 The Line Function 200
2.5.4 Procedure . 201
2.5.5 Line Types . 202
2.5.6 Parameterization 203
2.5.7 Line or Curve. 204
2.5.8 Context Menu. 205
2.5.9 Modifications 206
2.5.10 Isolation .. 207
2.5.11 Tree entry . 207
2.5.12 Constraints 208
2.5.13 Properties. 209
2.5.14 TIPS . . . . 209
2.6 LESSON: Lines, Types. 210
2.6.1 Introduction. 210
2.6.2 Overview . . . . 210
2.6.3 Point-Point .. . 211
2.6.4 Point-point lines 211
2.6.5 Linked point-point lines 212
2.6.6 Point-Direction . . . . . 212
2.6.7 Angle/Normal to curve . 213
2.6.8 Repetition of Angle/Normal to curve 214
2.6.9 Tangent to curve, Mono-Tangent 215
2.6.10 Tangent to curve, BiTangent 216
2.6.11 Normal to surface 217
2.6.12 Bisecting . . . . 218
2.6.13 Start, End . . . 219
2.6.14 Up-to 1 & Up-to 2 220
2.6.15 Length Type .. 221
2.6.16 Mirrored extent 222
2.6.17 TIPS . 222
2.7 LESSON: Axis . 223
2.7.1 Introduction .. 223
2.7.2 Extracted axes 223

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CONTENTS 9

2.7.3 Procedure . 224

2.7.4 Reference element. 225
2.7.5 Circles and arcs .. 226
2.7.6 Ellipses and elliptical sections. 227
2.7.7 Long hole . 228
2.7.8 Rotation and cylindrical surfaces 229
2.7.9 Tree entry. 230
2.7.1 0 Properties . . . . . 230
2.7.11 TIPS . 231
2.8 LESSON: Plane, General 232
2.8.1 Introduction .. 232
2.8.2 Application .. 233
2.8.3 Plane Function 234
2.8.4 Procedure ... 235
2.8.5 Plane Types .. 236
2.8.6 Parameterization 237
2.8.7 Context Menu. 238
2.8.8 Modifications 239
2.8.9 Isolation .. 239
2.8.10 Tree entry. 240
2.8.11 Constraints 240
2.8.12 Properties. 241
2.8.13 TIPS . . . . 241
2.9 LESSON: Planes, Types. 242
2.9.1 Introduction ... 242
2.9.2 Overview . . . . . 243
2.9.3 Offset from plane . 244
2.9.4 Multiple Parallel Planes 245
2.9.5 Parallel through point 245
2.9.6 Angle/Normal to plane 246
2.9.7 Multiple angle planes 247
2.9.8 Through three points . 247
2.9.9 Through two lines .. 248
2.9.10 Through point and line 248
2.9.11 Through planar curve 249
2.9.12 Normal to curve 249
2.9.13 Tangent to surface . 250
2.9.14Equation . 250
2.9.15 Mean through points 251
2.9.16 TIPS . 251
2.10 LESSON: Sequential Planes 252
2.10.1 Introduction 252
2.10.2 Usage . 252
2.10.3 Overview . 253
2.10.4 Workbench Association 253
2.10.5 Repeat object after OK . 254
2.10.6 Plane System . 254
2.10.7 Overview Plane Systems 255
2.10.8 Planes Repetition . . . . 255
2.10.9 Points and Planes Repetition 256
2.10.100ptions . . . . . 256
2.11 LESSON: Plane System 257
2.11.1 Introduction 257
2.11.2 Function. . . .. 257
2.11.3 Procedure . . . . 258
2.11.4 Sequence: Plane System 258
2.11.5 Result . 261
2.11.6 Panel Plane System, A 262
2.11.7 Panel Plane System, B 263
2.11.8 Panel Plane System, C 264
2.11.9 Panel Plane System, D 265

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2.11.1 OPlane System Types . . . 266

2.11.11Typ: Regular symmetric . 266
2.11 .12Typ: Regular asymmetric 267
2.11 .13Typ: Semi-regular . . . . 267
2.11.14Typ: Irregular symmetric . 268
2.11 .15fyp: Irregular asymmetric 268
2.11.1 ECreating Semi-regular System. 269
2.11.17Sequence: Semi-Regular Plane System . 269
2.11.18Modifying Semi-Regular Plane System. 273
2.11.1 ~refix . 274
2.11.2OSubsets . 274
2.11 .21Creating Secondary Subset . 275
2.12 LESSON: Points and Planes Repetition 276
2.12.1 Introduction . 276
2.12.2 Function. . . . . . . . . . . 276
2.12.3 Procedure. . . . . . . . . . 277
2.12.4 Sequence: Points, planes along open curve . 278
2.12.5 Result . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280
2.12.6 Panel Points and Planes Repetition . 281
2.12.7 Along Open Curve . 282
2.12.8 By Point and Direction, Open Curve 283
2.12.9 Between Two Points, Open Curve . 284
2.12.1 GAlong Closed Curve . 285
2.12.11By Point and Direction, Closed Curve 286
2.12.12Between Two Points, Closed Curve. 287
2.13 LESSON: Planes Repetition. . .... 288
2.13.1 Introduction . 288
2.13.2 Function. . . . . . . . . 288
2.13.3 Procedure. . . . . . . . 289
2.13.4 Sequence: Creating Parallel Planes 290
2.13.5 Result, Parallel Planes. . . 292
2.13.6 Sequence: Creating Angled Planes 293
2.13.7 Result, Angled Planes . 295
2.13.8 Panel Planes Repetition 296
2.13.9 Reverse Direction 296
2.14 LESSON: Coordinate Systems 297
2.14.1 Introduction . 297
2.14.2 Coordinate Systems .. 298
2.14.3 Absolute coordinate systems 299
2.14.4 Procedure. . . . . . . . . . . 300
2.14.5 Example of creation of a coordinate system 301
2.14.6 Display . 305
2.14.7 Overview of the panel, A . 305
2.14.8 Overview of the panel, B . 306
2.14.9 Origin . 307
2.14.10X, Y, Z axes . 308
2.14.11X, Y, Z axis and the context menu 309
2.14.12Axis rotation . 310
2.14.13Euler angles .. 311
2.14.14Under the Axis Systems node 312
2.14.15Display modes . . . . . . . . 313
2.14.1 EChanging coordinate systems. 314
2.14.171solate . 314
2.14.18Modifying the definition 315
2.14.19TIPS . 315
2.15 LESSON: Toolbar Tools 317
2.15.1 Introduction . 317
2.15.2 Overview . 318
2.15.3 Workbench Association 319
2.15.4 Function Update 319
2.15.5 Update Settings ... 320

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2.15.6 Icon Update All 321

2.15.7 Axis System . 322
2.15.8 Icon Axis System 323
2.15.9 Icon Show Historical Graph 324
2.15.1 OUsage of Show Historical Graph 325
2.15.11Working Support . 325
2.15.12Usage . 326
2.15.13Work on Support . 326
2.15.14Non-Planar Working Support 327
2.15.15Limited working support 327
2.15.16Panel Work On Support . 328
2.15.17Activate and Deactivate . 329
2.15.18Working Supports Activity 329
2.15.19Snap to Point 330
2.15.2CPlane System . 331
2.15.21Create Datum . 331
2.15.22Advantages and Disadvantages 332
2.15.23femporary Analysis Mode . 333
2.15.241nsert Mode . . . . . 334
2.15.251nsert Mode, Split and Trim .. 334
2.15.2a<eep Mode and No Keep Mode 335
2.15.270nly Current Body 336
2.15.28TIPPS . 336

3 Curves 337
3.1 LESSON: Overview Curves 338
3.1.1 Introduction..... 338
3.1.2 Sketch and Wireframe 339
3.1 .3 Workbenches.... 340
3.1.4 Wireframe curves, A . 341
3.1.5 Wireframe curves, B . 342
3.1.6 Sequence: Examples of wireframe curves . 344
3.1.7 Procedure. 351
3.1.8 Tree entry . 352
3.1.9 Properties 353
3.1.10 Search .. 354
3.1.11 Allocation to sets . 355
3.1.12 Operations ... 355
3.1 .13 Transformations 356
3.1 .14 Patterns . . . 357
3.1.15 TIPS . . . . . 357
3.2 LESSON: Projection 358
3.2.1 Introduction. 358
3.2.2 Projection curves and points 359
3.2.3 Procedure........... 360
3.2.4 Sequence: Example of curve projection 361
3.2.5 Projection type . 366
3.2.6 Projected . 367
3.2.7 Toolbar Tools Palette 368
3.2.8 Projected Panel ... 369
3.2.9 Projected Context Menu 370
3.2.10 Support . 371
3.2.11 Support, context menu 371
3.2.12 Nearest solution . . . . 372
3.2.13 Multi-Result Management 373
3.2.14 Smoothing . . . . . 374
3.2.15 Smoothing settings . 375
3.2.16 TIPS . 375
3.3 LESSON: Combine . 377
3.3.1 Introduction . 377
3.3.2 Combine Curves 377

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3.3.3 Procedure............ . 378

3.3.4 Sequence: Example of a Combine curve. 379
3.3.5 Combine curve type 383
3.3.6 Normal . 383
3.3.7 Along directions . 384
3.3.8 Along directions (context menu) 385
3.3.9 Curve1 and Curve2 386
3.3.10 Curve shapes. . . . . . . 387
3.3.11 Nearest solution . . . . . 387
3.3.12 Multi-Result Management 388
3.3.13 TIPS . 388
3.4 LESSON: Reflect Line . 389
3.4.1 Introduction . 389
3.4.2 Reflect Line Curves. 390
3.4.3 Procedure . 391
3.4.4 Example of Reflection Curves. 392
3.4.5 Example Parting Line 396
3.4.6 Arrow Directions 401
3.4.7 Support . 402
3.4.8 Direction . 403
3.4.9 The Direction Context Menu . 404
3.4.10 The Angle Context Menu 405
3.4.11 Repeat object after OK .. 406
3.4.12 Multi·Result Management 407
3.4.13 Too many parts. 408
3.4.14 TIPS . 408
3.5 LESSON: Intersection 409
3.5.1 Introduction. 409
3.5.2 Intersections . 410
3.5.3 Procedure ... 411
3.5.4 Example of Intersections 412
3.5.5 Intersect Multiple Elements 417
3.5.6 Toolbar Tools Palette . . . . 418
3.5.7 First, Second Elements Panel. 419
3.5.8 Multi-Result Management 420
3.5.9 Intersection context menu 421
3.5.10 Extending lines . 421
3.5.11 Curve and Point Buttons . 422
3.5.12 Contour and Surface Buttons 423
3.5.13 Extrapolate 424
3.5.14 Intersect . 424
3.5.15 TIPS . 424
3.6 LESSON: Parallel Curves 425
3.6.1 Introduction .. 425
3.6.2 Parallel Curves .. 426
3.6.3 Procedure . . . . . 427
3.6.4 Example of a parallel curve 428
3.6.5 Panel Overview, A 433
3.6.6 Panel Overview, B 434
3.6.7 Curve and Support 435
3.6.8 Offset . 436
3.6.9 Parallel mode . 437
3.6.10 Parallel corner type 437
3.6.11 Smoothing . . . . . 438
3.6.12 Smoothing settings . 438
3.6.13 Reverse Direction 439
3.6.14 Both Sides . . . . . 439
3.6.15 Repeat object after OK 440
3.6.16 Multi-Result Management 441
3.6.17 Error messages 442
3.6.18 TIPS . 442

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CONTENTS 13

3.7 LESSON: 3D Curve Offset 443

3.7.1 Introduction .. 443
3.7.2 Parallel curves . 443
3.7.3 Procedure . 444
3.7.4 Example of a parallel curve 445
3.7.5 Overview of the panel 449
3.7.6 Curve . 449
3.7.7 Pulling Direction 450
3.7.8 Radius. 450
3.7.9 Tension . 451
3.7.10 TIPS ... 451
3.8 LESSON: Circle 452
3.8.1 Introduction 452
3.8.2 Circles and arcs 453
3.8.3 Procedure . . . . 454
3.8.4 Example with a tangential arc . 455
3.8.5 Panel overview .. 459
3.8.6 Center and radius 460
3.8.7 Center and point . 461
3.8.8 Two points and radius 462
3.8.9 Three points . . . . 463
3.8.10 Center and axis . . . 464
3.8.11 Bitangent and radius 465
3.8.12 Bitangent and point 466
3.8.13 Tritangent . . . . . 467
3.8.14 Center and tangent . 468
3.8.15 Radius/Diameter .. 469
3.8.16 Geometry on support 470
3.8.17 Multi-Result Management 471
3.8.18 Circle Limitations 472
3.8.19 Trim Element 1, 2, 3 473
3.8.20 Axis Computation 474
3.8.21 Next solution . 475
3.8.22 TIPS . 475
3.9 LESSON: Corner, Connect & Conic 476
3.9.1 Introduction . 476
3.9.2 Connections . 477
3.9.3 Workbench Association 478
3.9.4 Corner curves . . . . . 478
3.9.5 Panel overview Corner, A . 479
3.9.6 Support on Corner . . . . 480
3.9.7 Panel OverviewCorner , B . 481
3.9.8 Direction on Corner . . . . 482
3.9.9 Corner On Vertex and Point 483
3.9.10 Corner On Vertex and Contour. 483
3.9.11 Connect curve .. 484
3.9.12 Panel overview Connect Curve, A 485
3.9.13 Point and Curve boxes . . . . . . . 486
3.9.14 Continuity and Tension . 487
3.9.15 Panel overview Connect Curve, B 488
3.9.16 Base Curve . 489
3.9.17 Conic curves . . . . . . . 490
3.9.18 Panel overview Conic, A 491
3.9.19 Panel overview Conic, B 492
3.9.20 Parameter . 493
3.9.21 Tangents .. . 494
3.9.22 Tgt Intersection Point 495
3.9.23 Point 1, 2, 3 495
3.9.24 TIPS . . . . 496
3.10 LESSON: Spline . 497
3.10.1 Introduction 497

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14 CONTENTS

3.10.2 Spline curves . 497

3.10.3 Overview of the panel, A. 498
3.10.4 Overview of the panel, B . 499
3.10.5 Overview of the panel, C 500
3.10.6 Overview of the panel, D 501
3.10.7 Procedure . 502
3.10.8 Creating a spline curve 503
3.10.9 Supporting points ... 508
3.10.1 OTangent constraints .. 509
3.1 0.11Tangents using the context menu. 510
3.1 0.12Tangent Tension ... 511
3.1 0.13Radius constraints .. 511
3.1 0.14Geometry on support 512
3.1 0.15Close Spline 513
3.10.16TIPS . 513
3.11 LESSON: Helix . 514
3.11.1 Introduction . 514
3.11.2 Helix curves 515
3.11.3 Workbench Association 516
3.11.4 Procedure . 516
3.11.5 Example of a conic-shaped Helix Curve 517
3.11.6 Example of a spring with a profile .. 521
3.11.7 Overview of the panel, A . 526
3.11.8 Overview of the panel, B . 527
3.11.9 Pitch and Height ... 528
3.11.1 <l.aw and Revolutions 529
3.11.110rientation . 530
3.11.12Starting Angle . 530
3.11 .13Taper Angle and Way 531
3.11.14Profile .. 531
3.11.15TIPS . . . . . 532
3.12 LESSON: Spiral .. 534
3.12.1 Introduction . 534
3.12.2 Spiral curves 534
3.12.3 Workbench Association 535
3.12.4 Procedure . 536
3.12.5 Sequence: Example of a spiral 537
3.12.6 Overview of the Panel, A 542
3.12.7 Overview of the Panel, B . 543
3.12.8 Support & Center point . 543
3.12.9 Reference direction & Start radius 544
3.12.100rientation . . . . 544
3.12.11Angle and Radius 545
3.12.12Angle & Pitch . 545
3.12.13Radius & Pitch 546
3.13 LESSON: Spine .. 547
3.13.1 Introduction .. 547
3.13.2 Spine . . . . . 547
3.13.3 Workbench Association 548
3.13.4 Spine Function . . . . . 548
3.13.5 Spine and Surface Quality. 549
3.13.6 Automatic or Selected Spines . 549
3.13.7 Spine Elements . 550
3.13.8 Spine Curves . 551
3.13.9 Procedure (planes) . 552
3.13.1OSequence: Spine with Planes. 553
3.13.11Procedure for Guide Curves .. 557
3.13.12Sequence: Spine with Guide Curves . 558
3.13.13Section/Plane . 561
3.13.14Start point 562
3.13.15Guide . . . . . 563

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CONTENTS 15

3.13.16Buttons and context menu. 564

3.13.17Reverse Direction . 565
3.13.18TIPS . 565
3.14 LESSON: Multi-Result Management 566
3.14.1 Introduction . 566
3.14.2 Parts breakdown . 566
3.14.3 Multi-Result Management 567
3.14.4 Panel . 567
3.14.5 Procedure . 568
3.14.6 Multi-Result procedure. 569
3.14.7 Additional parts ... 573
3.14.8 Dependent features 574
3.14.9 TIPS . 574

4 Surfaces 575
4.1 LESSON: Overview Surfaces 576
4.1.1 Introduction .. 576
4.1.2 Use . 576
4.1.3 Surface types . 577
4.1.4 Examples of surfaces on the Surface toolbar 579
4.1 .5 Procedure. 585
4.1 .6 Tree entry . 586
4.1.7 Properties 586
4.1.8 Searching. 587
4.1.9 Allocation to bodies 587
4.1 .1 0 Operations . . . 588
4.1 .11 Transformations 588
4.1.12 Patterns . . . . 589
4.1 .13 Workbenches . . 590
4.1.14 TIPS . 590
4.2 LESSON: Extrude, Revolve, Sphere Cylinder 591
4.2.1 Introduction........... . 591
4.2.2 Extrude surfaces . . . . . . . 591
4.2.3 Procedure for creating Extrude surfaces 592
4.2.4 Multi-Result Management 593
4.2.5 Direction . 594
4.2.6 Revolve surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . 595
4.2.7 Procedure for creating Revolve surfaces 596
4.2.8 Profile . 597
4.2.9 Revolution axis . . . . . . . . . . . 598
4.2.10 Sphere surfaces .. 599
4.2.11 Procedure for creating full spheres 600
4.2.12 Procedure for creating partial spheres 601
4.2.13 Example of a partial sphere . 602
4.2.14 Sphere's axis .. 606
4.2.15 Sphere limits . 606
4.2.16 Cylinder surface . 607
4.2.17 Procedure for Cylinder 608
4.2.18 Point . 609
4.2.19 Direction . 610
4.2.20 TIPS and WARNINGS. 610
4.3 LESSON: Offset . . . 612
4.3.1 Introduction .. 612
4.3.2 Offset surfaces 612
4.3.3 Procedure ... 613
4.3.4 Example of creation of an Offset surface. 613
4.3.5 Offset value . 617
4.3.6 Smoothing & None . 618
4.3.7 Smoothing & Automatic 619
4.3.8 Direction . 620
4.3.9 Both sides . 620

© 2001-2005 UNICO GmbH

16 CONTENTS

4.3.10 Repeat object after OK .. 621

4.3.11 Sub-Elements To Remove 622
4.3.12 Selection of surface parts 623
4.3.13 Multi-Result Management 624
4.3.14 Reference surface .. 625
4.3.15 Solid reference faces. 626
4.3.16 Error sources . 627
4.3.17 TIPS . 627
4.4 LESSON: Overview Sweep 629
4.4.1 Introduction ... 629
4.4.2 Sweep Surfaces 630
4.4.3 Profile Types 630
4.4.4 Explicit 631
4.4.5 Line . 632
4.4.6 Circle . 633
4.4.7 Conic . 634
4.4.8 Summary 635
4.4.9 Spines .. 635
4.4.10 Examples of Spines 636
4.4.11 Sources of Errors, A 637
4.4.12 Sources of Errors, B 637
4.4.13 Creating Spines .. 638
4.4.14 Spine and Surface Quality . 639
4.4.15 Smooth Sweeping . 639
4.4.16 TIPS . 639
4.5 LESSON: Sweep, Explicit, Reference surface, Pulling direction 640
4.5.1 Introduction . 640
4.5.2 Explicit Surfaces . 641
4.5.3 Subtyp With reference surface 641
4.5.4 Procedure............ 642
4.5.5 Subtype: With pulling direction 643
4.5.6 Procedure . 644
4.5.7 Position profile . . . . . . . . 645
4.5.8 Panel, With reference surface 646
4.5.9 Panel With pulling direction . 647
4.5.10 Optional elements . 648
4.5.11 Projection of the guide curve as spine 649
4.5.12 Position profile . . . . . 649
4.5.13 Coordinate Systems . . . . . . 650
4.5.14 Positioning parameters 651
4.5.15 Axial Origin of Guide Curve, A 652
4.5.16 Axial Origin of Guide Curve, B 652
4.5.17 Axial Orientation of Guide Curve, A 653
4.5.18 Axial Orientation of Guide Curve, B 654
4.5.19 Axial Origin of Profile . 654
4.5.20 Axial Orientation of Profile . 655
4.5.21 Sequence: A simple example . 655
4.5.22 Sequence: Example with Reference Surfaces. 659
4.5.23 Sequence: Example with Coordinate Systems 665
4.5.24 Sequence: Example Pulling direction 670
4.5.25 Relimiter 1 & 2 . 673
4.5.26 Provisional Representation . . . . . 673
4.5.27 TIPS . 674
4.6 LESSON: SweepExplicitTwo guide curves. 675
4.6.1 Introduction . 675
4.6.2 Explicit Surfaces . . . . 675
4.6.3 With two guide curves Subtyp 676
4.6.4 Procedure . 677
4.6.5 Panel Overview . 678
4.6.6 Position profile . 679
4.6.7 Position parameters 680

© 2001-2005 UNICO GmbH

CONTENTS 17

4.6.8 Sequence: Simple example .. 681

4.6.9 Sequence: Complex example . 686
4.6.10 Anchoring type: Two points .. 693
4.6.11 Two points . 693
4.6.12 Anchoring type: Point and direction 694
4.6.13 Point and direction . . . . . 694
4.6.14 Relimiter 1 & 2 .. 695
4.6.15 Provisional Representation . 695
4.6.16 Problematic corner: Cusp, 1 696
4.6.17 Problematic corner: Cusp, 2 696
4.6.18 Moving partial boundaries . 697
4.6.19 TIPS . 697
4.7 LESSON: SweeplmplicitLine 699
4.7.1 Introduction.. 699
4.7.2 Line Surfaces . 700
4.7.3 Subtype . 700
4.7.4 Overview of Subtypes 701
4.7.5 Procedure . 702
4.7.6 Subtype: Two limits . 703
4.7.7 SUbtype: Limit and middle 704
4.7.8 Subtype: With reference surface 705
4.7.9 Subtype: With reference curve 706
4.7.10 Subtype: With tangency surface 707
4.7.11 Sub-type: With two tangency surfaces 708
4.7.12 Trim with tangency surface 708
4.7.13 Spine . 709
4.7.14 Relimiter 1 Relimiter 2 . 709
4.7.15 Problematic corner: Cusp. 710
4.7.16 Moving partial boundaries. 711
4.7.17 TIPS . 711
4.8 LESSON: Sweep Implicit Line Subtype With draft direction 713
4.8.1 Introduction . 713
4.8.2 Line surfaces . . . . . . . .. 714
4.8.3 Subtype: With draft direction 714
4.8.4 Procedure........... 715
4.8.5 Example of a surface using With draft direction 716
4.8.6 Draft direction .. . . . 722
4.8.7 Reference direction ., 723
4.8.8 Draft computation mode 724
4.8.9 Angle definition . 725
4.8.10 Wholly defined . 726
4.8.11 G1-Constant .. 726
4.8.12 Location values 727
4.8.13 Length type 727
4.8.14 From curve 728
4.8.15 Standard . 728
4.8.16 From/Up To 729
4.8.17 From extremum 729
4.8.18 Along surface 730
4.8.19 Problematic corner: Cusp 730
4.8.20 Moving partial boundaries . 731
4.8.21 TIPS . 731
4.9 LESSON: SweeplmplicitCircie 733
4.9.1 Introduction .. 733
4.9.2 Circle Surfaces . . .. 734
4.9.3 Subtype . 735
4.9.4 Overview of Subtypes 736
4.9.5 Procedure . 737
4.9.6 Subtype: Three guides 738
4.9.7 Subtype: Two guides and radius 739
4.9.8 Subtype: Center and two angles 740

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18 CONTENTS

4.9.9 Subtype: Center and radius . 741

4.9.10 Subtype: Two guides and tangency surface 742
4.9.11 SUbtype: One guide and tangency surface 743
4.9.12 Trim with tangency surface 744
4.9.13 Spines .. 744
4.9.14 Relimiter 1 Relimiter 2 . . . 745
4.9.15 Problematic corner: Cusp . 745
4.9.16 Moving partial boundaries . 746
4.9.17 TIPS . 746
4.10 LESSON: SweeplmplicitConic 748
4.10.1 Introduction 748
4.10.2 Conic surfaces . . . . 749
4.10.3 Subtype . . . . . . . . 750
4.10.4 Overview of subtypes 751
4.10.5 Procedure . 752
4.10.6 Subtype: Two guide curves 753
4.10.7 Parameter . 754
4.10.8 Subtype: Three guide curves 755
4.10.9 Subtype: Four guide curves 756
4.10.1OSubtype: Five guide curves 757
4.10.11Spines . 758
4.1 0.12Relimiter 1 Relimiter 2 . . . 758
4.1 0.13Problematic corner: Cusp . 759
4.1 0.14Moving partial boundaries . 760
4.1 0.15TIPS . 760
4.11 LESSON: Adaptive Sweep . , . 762
4.11.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . 762
4.11.2 Adaptive Sweep surfaces 762
4.11.3 Adaptive Sweep surfaces 763
4.11.4 Workbench association . 763
4.11.5 Procedure. . . . . . . . . 764
4.11.6 Example of an Adaptive Sweep surface. 765
4.11.7 Overview of the panel 771
4.11.8 Guiding Curve .. 772
4.11.9 Sketch . 772
4.11.1 OSketch dimensions 773
4.11.11Sketch constraints 773
4.11 .12Sections . . . . . 774
4.11 .13Section Handling . 774
4.11.14Manipulation arrows 775
4.11 .15Parents . . . . 775
4.11 .16Parameters . . . . . 776
4.11 .17Moving Frame 777
4.11.18Sweep sections preview 778
4.11.19TIPS . 778
4.12 LESSON: Fill . 779
4.12.1 Introduction . 779
4.12.2 Fill Surfaces 779
4.12.3 Procedure for Creating Fill Surfaces 780
4.12.4 Example of Fill Surfaces. 781
4.12.5 Contour Elements . . . . 786
4.12.6 Contour Requirement, A . 787
4.12.7 Contour Requirement, B . 787
4.12.8 Panel Overview. 788
4.12.9 Panel Buttons. 789
4.12.1OContinuity 789
4.12.11Supports " 790
4.12.12Passing point 790
4.12.13TIPS . . . . . 791
4.13 LESSON: Multi-sections, General. 792
4.13.1 Introduction . 792

© 2001-2005 UNICO GmbH

CONTENTS 19

4.13.2 Multi-sections Surfaces, A . . . . . .. 792

4.13.3 Multi-sections Surfaces, B . . . . . . . 793
4.13.4 Procedure for Multi-sections Surfaces 794
4.13.5 Example of Multi-sections Surface . . 795
4.13.6 Complex Example of Multi-sections Surface . 799
4.13.7 Panel, A . 804
4.13.8 Panel, B . . . . . . . . .. 805
4.13.9 Section . . . . . . . . .. 806
4.13.1 (Section and context menu 807
4.13.11Closing Point . . . . . . . 808
4.13.12Closing Point and context menu. 809
4.13.13Arrow direction . . . . . . 810
4.13.14Requirements for Guides 810
4.13.15Handling guides . . . . . 811
4.13.16Guides and context menu 812
4.13.17fangent Constraints . 813
4.13.18TIPS . 813
4.14 LESSON: Multi-sections, Spine, Coupling and Relimitation . 814
4.14.1 Introduction . 814
4.14.2 Spine . 814
4.14.3 Coupling . 815
4.14.4 Coupling methods 816
4.14.5 Coupling types 817
4.14.6 Ratio . 817
4.14.7 Tangency . 818
4.14.8 Tangency then curvature 819
4.14.9 Vertices . . . . 820
4.14.10'v1anual Edges . .. 821
4.14.11 Procedure . 822
4.14.12Sequence: Manual Coupling 823
4.14.13Coupling context menu 827
4.14.14Relimitation ,A . . 828
4.14.15Relimitation , B .. 829
4.14.16Canonical Surface 829
4.14.17fIPS . 830
4.15 LESSON: Blend, General 831
4.15.1 Introduction . . . . 831
4.15.2 Blend surfaces .. 831
4.15.3 Procedure for Blend surfaces 832
4.15.4 Sequence: Blend surface - open contours 833
4.15.5 Sequence: Blend surface - closed contours 838
4.15.6 Panel . 843
4.15.7 First/Second curve . . . . . . . 844
4.15.8 Significance of Closing Points 845
4.15.9 Changing Closing Points 846
4.15.10Arrows. . . . . . . . . . . . . 847
4.15.11First/Second support . . . . . 848
4.15.12First/Second tangent borders 849
4.15.13rrim first/Second support 850
4.15.14Tension , A 851
4.15.15Tension , B . . . .. 852
4.15.16TIPS . 852
4.16 LESSON: Blend, Coupling. 854
4.16.1 Introduction . 854
4.16.2 Coupling . 854
4.16.3 Coupling Methods 855
4.16.4 Coupling types 856
4.16.5 Ratio . 856
4.16.6 Tangency . 857
4.16.7 Tangency then Curvature 858
4.16.8 Vertices . 859

© 2001-2005 UNICO GmbH

20 CONTENTS

4.16.9 Manual Coupling Definition . . . . . . . 860

4.16.1 OThe Coupling Context Menu. . . . ... 861
4.16.11 Example of manual Coupling definitions 862
4.16.12Display coupling curves 866
4.16.13TIPS . 866

5 Operations 867
5.1 LESSON: Overview Operations . 868
5.1.1 Introduction .. 868
5.1.2 Operations .. 869
5.1.3 Workbenches. 870
5.1.4 Tree entry . 871
5.1.5 Result . 872
5.1.6 Result . 873
5.1.7 Procedure. 874
5.1.8 Deleting an Operation 875
5.1.9 Functional Access 876
5.1.10 Join-Healing 876
5.1.11 Trim-Split 877
5.1.12 Extracts . 878
5.1.13 Fillets . 879
5.1.14 Transformations 880
5.1.15 Extrapolate . . . 881
5.1.16 Invert Orientation and Near 882
5.1.17 Law . 883
5.1.18 TIPS . 883
5.2 LESSON: Keep and No Keep Modes. 884
5.2.1 Introduction........... 884
5.2.2 Effects of operations on parents 884
5.2.3 Overview of hiding and showing 885
5.2.4 Differences for ordered sets .. 887
5.2.5 Create Datum . 888
5.2.6 Keep Mode and No Keep Mode 889
5.2.7 Keep mode for simple sets . 889
5.2.8 Keep mode for ordered sets .. 890
5.2.9 Datum - Datum & No Keep .. 891
5.2.10 Feature - Datum, No Keep, simple set 892
5.2.11 Feature - Datum, No Keep, ordered set 893
5.3 LESSON: Join . 894
5.3.1 Introduction . 894
5.3.2 The Join Operation. 894
5.3.3 Procedure . 895
5.3.4 Sequence Join Operation with Wireframe Elements 896
5.3.5 Sequence: Example of a Join Operation with Surfaces. 899
5.3.6 Overview of Panel, A . 903
5.3.7 Overview of Panel, B . 904
5.3.8 Overview of Panel, C . 905
5.3.9 Overview of Panel, D . 906
5.3.10 Selecting for Join Operations 907
5.3.11 Context Menu . . . . 908
5.3.12 Check Selektion, A . 909
5.3.13 Check Selektion, B . 910
5.3.14 GO Propagate . 911
5.3.15 G1 Propagate . 912
5.3.16 Check tangency and Angular Threshold 913
5.3.17 Check Connexity and Merging Distance 913
5.3.18 Check manifold .. 914
5.3.19 Simplify the result .. 915
5.3.20 Federation . 916
5.3.21 Example: Federation. 917
5.3.22 Sub-Elements To Remove 917

© 2001-2005 UNICO GmbH

CONTENTS 21

5.3.23 Result 918

5.3.24 Modifications 918
5.3.25 TIPS . . . . 919
5.4 LESSON: Healing . 920
5.4.1 Introduction. 920
5.4.2 Healing operation. 921
5.4.3 Use of the Operation. 922
5.4.4 Procedure . 923
5.4.5 Healing Openings .. 924
5.4.6 Healing Tangential Discontinuities 925
5.4.7 Result . 926
5.4.8 Overview of the tab Parameters 927
5.4.9 Overview of the tabs Freeze and Sharpness 928
5.4.10 Overview of the tab Visualization 929
5.4.11 Selection ... 930
5.4.12 Context menu. . . . . 931
5.4.13 Preview . 932
5.4.14 Surfaces Boundaries. 933
5.4.15 TIPS . 933
5.5 LESSON: Curve Smooth 935
5.5.1 Introduction .. 935
5.5.2 Curve Smooth .. 936
5.5.3 Procedure . . . . . 937
5.5.4 Sequence: Example of Curve Smooth 938
5.5.5 Panel Overview. 941
5.5.6 Parameters 942
5.5.7 Continuity 943
5.5.8 Freeze Tab 944
5.5.9 Tab Extremities 944
5.5.10 Visualization Tab 945
5.5.11 Visualization 945
5.5.12 Displays . . . . . 946
5.5.13 Deviation . . . . 947
5.5.14 Support surface 947
5.5.15 TIPS . 948
5.6 LESSON: UntrimDisassemble . 949
5.6.1 Introduction... . . . . 949
5.6.2 Untrim and Disassemble 949
5.6.3 The Untrim Operation .. 950
5.6.4 Procedure for using Untrim 951
5.6.5 Example of an Untrim Operation on a Surface. 952
5.6.6 Example of an Untrim Operation on a Curve. 953
5.6.7 Result of the Untrim Operation 953
5.6.8 Selection Dependency . 954
5.6.9 The Disassemble Operation . 955
5.6.10 Procedure for using Disassemble 956
5.6.11 Example of Disassembly of a Surface 957
5.6.12 Disassembly Mode . . . . . . . . 960
5.6.13 Example of Disassembly Modes 961
5.6.14 Result of Disassembly . 962
5.6.15 TIPS . 962
5.7 LESSON: Boundary, Extract, Multiple Edge Extract. 964
5.7.1 Boundary, Extract and Multiple Edge Extract 964
5.7.2 Boundary and Extract .. 964
5.7.3 The Boundary Operation ... 965
5.7.4 Procedure Boundary 966
5.7.5 Overview of Panel Boundary 967
5.7.6 Propagation types Boundary 968
5.7.7 Limit1 and Limit2 969
5.7.8 Endpoints . . . . . 970
5.7.9 Extract Operation. 971

© 2001-2005 UNICO GmbH

22 CONTENTS

5.7.10 Procedure Extract . . . . . . . . . 972

5.7.11 Example of an Extracted Surface . 973
5.7.12 Example of an extracted curve .. 975
5.7.13 Overview of Panel Extract . . . . . 978
5.7.14 Propagation types (extracted surfaces) . 979
5.7.15 Propagation types (extracted curves) . 980
5.7.16 Curvature continuity . 981
5.7.17 Federation . 981
5.7.18 Example: Federation. 982
5.7.19 Complementary Mode 982
5.7.20 Repeated selection . 983
5.7.21 Multiple Edge Extract 984
5.7.22 TIPS . 984
5.8 LESSON: Invert and Near. 986
5.8.1 Introduction . . . . . 986
5.8.2 Invert Orientation .. 987
5.8.3 Procedure for Invert Orientation 988
5.8.4 Result of Invert Orientation 989
5.8.5 Near . 989
5.8.6 Procedure for Near 990
5.8.7 Near and Curves . 990
5.8.8 Near and Surfaces 991
5.8.9 Reference Element 992
5.8.10 Context Menu ... 993
5.8.11 Multi-Result Management 994
5.8.12 TIPS . 994
5.9 LESSON: Shape Fillet . 996
5.9.1 Introduction . 996
5.9.2 Shape Fillet Operation 996
5.9.3 Procedure for Constant Radius 997
5.9.4 Example of Shape Fillet BiTangent Fillet 998
5.9.5 Overview of Panel with BiTangent Fillet 1002
5.9.6 Radius propagation 1003
5.9.7 Law . 1004
5.9.8 Implicit Law . 1005
5.9.9 Example of Implicit 1006
5.9.10 Law Relimiter . 1007
5.9.11 Hold curve . 1008
5.9.12 Hold Curve & closed spine. 1009
5.9.13 Face to Keep . . . . . . . . 1009
5.9.14 Procedure for Replace Fillet. 1010
5.9.15 Example for Shape Fillet, TriTangent Fillet 1011
5.9.16 Panel Overview with TriTangent Fillet 1015
5.9.17 Support Surfaces. . . 1015
5.9.18 Support Context Menu . 1016
5.9.19 Arrow Directions . 1016
5.9.20 Extremities . . . . . 1017
5.9.21 Trim support Elements . 1017
5.9.22 TIPS . 1018
5.10 LESSON: Edge Fillet . 1019
5.10.1 Introduction . . . . .. 1019
5.10.2 Edge Fillet Operation. 1019
5.10.3 Procedure. . . . . . . 1020
5.10.4 Example of an Edge Fillet Operation 1021
5.10.5 Overview of Panel, A . 1024
5.10.6 Overview of Panel, B . 1025
5.10.7 Extremities . . . 1025
5.10.8 Object(s) to fillet 1026
5.10.9 Fillet objects .. 1027
5.10.1 (Propagation 1027
5.1 0.11Small tangent discontinuities 1028

© 2001-2005 UNICO GmbH

CONTENTS 23

5.1 0.12Trim ribbons 1028

5.1 0.13Trim support 1029
5.1 0.14Edge(s) to keep 1029
5.1 0.15Limiting element(s) 1030
5.1 0.16Blend corner(s) .. 1031
5.1 0.17Procedure . . . . . 1032
5.11 LESSON: Variable Radius Fillet. 1033
5.11.1 Introduction . . . . . . .. 1033
5.11.2 The Variable Radius Fillet Operation 1033
5.11.3 Procedure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1034
5.11.4 Example of Variable Edge Fillet Operation 1035
5.11.5 Overview of Panel, A . 1040
5.11.6 Overview of Panel, B . 1041
5.11.7 Extremities .. 1041
5.11.8 Edge(s) to fillet 1042
5.11.9 Fillet edges . 1042
5.11.1 <:Propagation 1043
5.11 .11Trim ribbons 1043
5.11.12Points . . . . 1044
5.11.13Variation .. 1045
5.11.14Trim support 1045
5.11 .15Spine . . . . 1046
5.11.16Limiting element(s) 1047
5.11.17Blend corner(s) 1048
5.11.18Procedure . 1048
5.11.19TIPS . 1049
5.12 LESSON: Face-Face and Tritangent Fillets 1050
5.12.1 Introduction . 1050
5.12.2 Comparison. . . . . . . . 1050
5.12.3 Face-Face Fillet Operation 1051
5.12.4 Procedure . 1052
5.12.5 Example of a Face-Face Fillet 1053
5.12.6 Overview of Panel Face-Face Fillet 1056
5.12.7 Faces to Fillet 1057
5.12.8 Extremities ... 1057
5.12.9 Trim support .. 1058
5.12.1 Qimiting element 1058
5.12.11HoldCurve ... 1059
5.12.12Tritangent Fillet Operations 1059
5.12.13Procedure . 1060
5.12.14Example of Tritangent Fillet 1060
5.12.1 EOverview of Panel 1064
5.12.16Extremities . . . 1065
5.12.17Trim support .. 1065
5.12.18Limiting element 1066
5.12.19TIPS . 1066
5.13 LESSON: Transformations. 1067
5.13.1 Transformations 1067
5.13.2 Transformations .. 1067
5.13.3 Comparison. . . . . 1068
5.13.4 Transformation Operations. 1069
5.13.5 Translate Operations 1070
5.13.6 Vector Definition .. . 1071
5.13.7 Rotate Operations .. 1072
5.13.8 Symmetry Operations 1072
5.13.9 Scaling Operations . . 1073
5.13.1 OAffinity Operations .. 1074
5.13.11Affinity Operation Examples. 1074
5.13.12Axis to Axis Operation 1075
5.13.13Toolbar Tools Palette 1076
5.13.14Panel Multi Output . . 1076

© 2001-2005 UNICO GmbH

24 CONTENTS

5.13.1 Etlide/Show initial element .. 1077

5.13.1 ffiepeat object after OK . 1077
5.13.17Results Using Repeat object after OK 1078
5.13.18TIPS . 1078
5.14 LESSON: Extrapolate 1079
5.14.1 Introduction 1079
5.14.2 Extrapolate .. 1080
5.14.3 Procedure ... 1081
5.14.4 Example of Surface Extrapolation 1082
5.14.5 Example of Curve Extrapolation 1086
5.14.6 Overview of the panel, A .. 1090
5.14.7 Overview of the panel, B .. 1091
5.14.8 Boundary and Extrapolated 1092
5.14.9 Limit 1092
5.14.1OContinuity 1093
5.14.11Extremities 1093
5.14.12Propagation mode 1094
5.14.12Anternal Edges . 1094
5.14.14Assemble result . 1095
5.14.15Support . 1095
5.14.16Up to element & Support 1096
5.14.17TIPS . . . . 1096
5.15 LESSON: Laws .. 1097
5.15.1 Introduction 1097
5.15.2 Law . . . . 1097
5.15.3 Applications. 1098
5.15.4 Law types .. 1099
5.15.5 Linear and S type 1100
5.15.6 Sequence: Example of linear and S type laws 1100
5.15.7 Advanced. 1106
5.15.8 Task . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1107
5.15.9 Procedure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1108
5.15.1OSequence: Example of a law feature 1108
5.15.11Reference and Definition 1113
5.15.1 a.aw extent . . . . . 1114
5.15.13Law implementation ., . 1115
5.15.14Heterogeneous Law ... 1116
5.15.15Example Heterogeneous Law 1117
5.15.16Lawanalysis 1118
5.15.17Scaling . . . 1118
5.15.18Tree entry .. 1119
5.15.19Law inversion 1120
5.15.20TIPS . . . . . 1120
5.16 LESSON: Methods. 1121
5.16.1 Introduction . 1121
5.16.2 Tree structure . 1121
5.16.3 Renaming . . . 1122
5.16.4 Modification sequence . 1122
5.16.5 Considering references 1123
5.16.6 Checking references . 1124
5.16.7 Hide mode .. 1125
5.16.8 Solid surfaces 1125

6 Analysis 1127
6.1 LESSON: Porcupine Curvature Analysis . 1128
6.1.1 Introduction........ . 1128
6.1.2 The Function Porcupine Curvature Analysis 1128
6.1 .3 Usage.......... 1129
6.1.4 Workbench Association 1129
6.1 .5 Procedure.... 1130
6.1 .6 Panel Overview. . . . 1131

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CONTENTS 25

6.1.7 Selection . . . . . . . . 1132

6.1.8 Type . 1133
6.1.9 Curves, Curvature and Radius 1133
6.1 .10 Project On Plane 1134
6.1 .11 Density . . 1134
6.1.12 Amplitude 1135
6.1.13 Reverse .. 1135
6.1.14 Particular . 1136
6.1.15 Inverse Value 1136
6.1 .16 Comb and Envelop 1137
6.1.17 Keeping Points, A 1138
6.1.18 Keeping Points, B 1139
6.2 LESSON: Surfacic Curvature Analysis 1140
6.2.1 Introduction . 1140
6.2.2 Function Surfacic Curvature Analysis 1140
6.2.3 Usage.......... 1141
6.2.4 Workbench Association 1141
6.2.5 Precondition .. 1142
6.2.6 Procedure . . . . 1143
6.2.7 Panel Overview. 1144
6.2.8 Selection . . . . 1145
6.2.9 Analysis Type. . 1146
6.2.10 Gaussian Analysis 1147
6.2.11 Limited Analysis . 1148
6.2.12 Inflection Area Analysis 1149
6.2.13 Color Scale 1150
6.2.14 On The Fly . 1151
6.2.15 3D MinMax . 1151
6.2.16 Modifying Color Representation, A 1152
6.2.17 Modifying Color Representation, B 1152
6.2.18 Panel Color . 1153
6.2.19 Modifying Values for Analysis, A 1154
6.2.20 Modifying Values for Analysis, B 1154
6.2.21 Keeping Points . . . . . 1155
6.2.22 TIPS . 1155
6.3 LESSON: Surfacic Connection Analysis 1156
6.3.1 Introduction......... 1156
6.3.2 Function Connect Checker 1156
6.3.3 Usage.......... 1157
6.3.4 Workbench Association 1157
6.3.5 Procedure . . . . . 1158
6.3.6 Panel Overview, A 1159
6.3.7 Panel Overview, B 1160
6.3.8 Selection . . . 1161
6.3.9 Analysis Type. 1162
6.3.10 Internal edges 1163
6.3.11 Maximum gap 1163
6.3.12 Discretization . 1164
6.3.13 Color Scale .. 1164
6.3.14 Comb and Envelope 1165
6.3.15 Information . 1165
6.3.16 Scaling . 1166
6.3.17 Quick Violation Analysis 1166
6.3.18 Quick . . . . . . . . . . 1167
6.3.19 Modifying Color Representation, A . 1167
6.3.20 Panel Color . 1168
6.3.21 Modifying Color Representation, B 1169
6.3.22 Modifying Values for Analysis, A 1169
6.3.23 Modifying Values for Analysis, B 1170
6.4 LESSON: Surface Draft Analysis 1171
6.4.1 Introduction............ 1171

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26 CONTENTS

6.4.2 Function Feature Draft Analysis 1171

6.4.3 Usage.......... 1172
6.4.4 Workbench Association 1172
6.4.5 Precondition .. 1173
6.4.6 Procedure.. .. 1174
6.4.7 Panel Overview. 1175
6.4.8 Mode . 1175
6.4.9 Compass and Draft Direction 1176
6.4.10 Information 1176
6.4.11 Selection . . . . 1177
6.4.12 Color Scale ... 1178
6.4.13 Modifying Color. 1178
6.4.14 Panel Color 1179
6.4.15 On The Fly . 1180
6.4.16 Lock . 1181
6.4.17 Specifying Draft Angle . 1182
6.4.18 Modifying Value 1183
6.4.19 Context Menu. 1184
6.4.20 Cone 1185
6.4.21 TIPS . 1185

7 Modifying 1187
7.1 LESSON: Overview Geometrical Modifications 1188
7.1.1 Introduction . 1188
7.1.2 Changing Features . 1188
7.1.3 Changing Sketch Plane 1189
7.1.4 Quick Select . 1190
7.1.5 Search Panel . . . . . . 1191
7.1.6 Replace Context Menu . 1192
7.1.7 Checking References 1193
7.1.8 History . 1193
7.2 LESSON: Modify Feature 1194
7.2.1 Introduction . . . . 1194
7.2.2 Geometrical sets . 1195
7.2.3 Intermediate versions of Geometrical sets 1196
7.2.4 Intermediate versions of Ordered geometrical sets 1197
7.2.5 Modifications . . . . 1198
7.2.6 Intermediate States ., 1198
7.2.7 Panel Access . 1199
7.2.8 Modification Procedure 1200
7.2.9 Change Sketch Support 1201
7.2.10 Updating . 1202
7.2.11 Dependent Features . 1203
7.2.12 TIPS . 1203
7.3 LESSON: Quick Select . 1205
7.3.1 Introduction . 1205
7.3.2 The Quick Select icon 1206
7.3.3 Purpose . 1207
7.3.4 Procedure . 1208
7.3.5 Example of Changing Parameters . 1209
7.3.6 Example of a Sketch Replacement. 1212
7.3.7 Test Colors . 1215
7.3.8 Panel Quick Select, A 1216
7.3.9 Panel Quick Select, 8 1217
7.3.10 Utilities .. 1217
7.3.11 TIPS . . . . . 1218
7.4 LESSON: Search .. 1219
7.4.1 Introduction. 1219
7.4.2 Center Graph 1220
7.4.3 Reframe On 1221
7.4.4 Search . . . 1222

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CONTENTS 27

7.4.5 Tabs . 1223

7.4.6 Sequence: Procedure for Use of Tab General 1224
7.4.7 Search Criteria, A 1228
7.4.8 Search Criteria, B 1229
7.4.9 Look for Parts ... 1230
7.4.10 Look for Products 1230
7.4.11 Advanced . . . 1231
7.4.12 Favorites . . . 1232
7.4.13 Context Menu. 1232
7.4.14 TIPS . . . . 1233
7.5 LESSON: Replace .. 1235
7.5.1 Introduction .. 1235
7.5.2 Context Menu Replace 1235
7.5.3 Procedure . 1236
7.5.4 Sequence for a Simple Replacement Operation with Replace 1237
7.5.5 Sequence for Complex Replacement Operation with Replace 1239
7.5.6 Panel . 1242
7.5.7 Arrow Directions 1243
7.5.8 References. 1244
7.5.9 Not Pointed ... 1244
7.5.10 QuickSelect .. 1245
7.5.11 Reference Search 1245
7.5.12 TIPS . 1246
7.6 LESSON: Parent/Children 1247
7.6.1 Introduction . . . . 1247
7.6.2 Parents and Children 1247
7.6.3 Use of Function .. 1248
7.6.4 Access . 1249
7.6.5 Window Handling .. 1250
7.6.6 Overview of Context Menu Functions, A 1251
7.6.7 Overview of Context Menu Functions, B 1252
7.6.8 Hide/Show . 1253
7.6.9 Show Parents and Children 1253
7.6.10 Show (All) Children . 1254
7.6.11 Show (All) Parents . 1255
7.6.12 Hide Children and Hide Parents 1255
7.6.13 Doubleclick . 1256
7.6.14 Quick Select .. .. 1256
7.6.15 TIPS . 1256
7.7 LESSON: Historical Graph 1257
7.7.1 Introduction ... 1257
7.7.2 Historical Graph 1258
7.7.3 Use of Function. 1258
7.7.4 Access . . . . . 1259
7.7.5 Window Handling. 1260
7.7.6 Graph All . 1260
7.7.7 Panel Icons . 1261
7.7.8 Adding and Removing. 1262
7.7.9 Surface/PART Presentation 1263
7.7.1 0 Parameters . . . . . . . . 1263
7.7.11 Plus and Minus Signs 1264
7.7.12 Add Children . . . . . 1264
7.7.13 Feature Modifications 1265
7.7.14 Quick Select 1266
7.7.15 Hide Mode 1267
7.7.16 TIPS . . . . . 1267

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28 CONTENTS

8 Geometrical Sets 1269

8.1 LESSON: Overview of Geometrical Sets . 1270
8.1.1 Introduction ... 1270
8.1.2 Geometrical Sets . . .. 1271
8.1.3 Workbenches.... .. 1272
8.1.4 Simple Geometrical set 1273
8.1.5 Ordered geometrical set 1274
8.1.6 Hybrid Design Bodies . 1275
8.1.7 Active geometrical set . 1276
8.1.8 Changing an active geometrical set 1277
8.1.9 Intermediate versions of Geometrical sets 1278
8.1.10 Intermediate versions of Ordered geometrical sets 1279
8.1.11 Playing back histories . 1280
8.1.12 Changing the order of operations, A 1280
8.1.13 Changing the order of operations, B 1281
8.1.14 Summary 1282
8.1 .15 Strategy . . . . . . . . . . 1283
8.1.16 TIPS . 1283
8.2 LESSON: InsertGeometrical Set 1284
8.2.1 Introduction . 1284
8.2.2 Geometrical set .. 1284
8.2.3 Workbench Association . 1285
8.2.4 Workbench Dependency 1285
8.2.5 Procedure....... .. 1286
8.2.6 Sequence: Example Geometrical set . 1287
8.2.7 Sequence: Example Ordered geometrical set 1291
8.2.8 Features with Geometrical set . . . . . 1294
8.2.9 Features with Ordered geometrical set 1295
8.2.10 Father . 1296
8.2.11 Warning with Geometrical set 1296
8.2.12 Order with Geometrical set 1297
8.2.13 Hybrid Design Bodies . 1298
8.2.14 TIPS . 1298
8.3 LESSON: Handling of Geometrical Set. 1300
8.3.1 Introduction... . . . . . 1300
8.3.2 Removal geometrical set 1301
8.3.3 Remove geometrical set 1302
8.3.4 Delete Useless Elements. 1302
8.3.5 Activate and Deactivate . 1303
8.3.6 Show and Hide Components 1303
8.3.7 Change geometrical set... and sets 1304
8.3.8 Change geometrical set and Features. 1305
8.3.9 Move unshared parents 1305
8.3.10 Move all parents 1306
8.3.11 Reorder Children 1306
8.3.12 AutoSort . 1307
8.3.13 TIPS . 1307
8.4 LESSON: Group and Geometrical set 1309
8.4.1 Introduction. 1309
8.4.2 Create Group . . . . 1310
8.4.3 Procedure...... 1311
8.4.4 Example of a Group 1312
8.4.5 Panel 1315
8.4.6 Name 1316
8.4.7 Input 1316
8.4.8 Apply 1317
8.4.9 Expand and Collapse Group 1317
8.4.10 Changing Definition 1318
8.4.11 Deleting Group . 1318
8.4.12 Group Handling. 1319
8.4.13 TIPS . 1319

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CONTENTS 29

8.5 LESSON: Handling Ordered Sets. 1320

8.5.1 Introduction 1320
8.5.2 Properties . . . . 1321
8.5.3 Subsets..... 1322
8.5.4 Modify Children 1322
8.5.5 Removing ordered geometrical sets 1323
8.5.6 Delete Useless Elements . 1324
8.5.7 Activate Components and Deactivate Components 1324
8.5.8 Hiding/showing . 1325
8.5.9 Switch To Geometrical Set . . 1325
8.5.10 TIPS . 1326
8.6 LESSON: History and Ordered Sets 1327
8.6.1 Introduction . 1327
8.6.2 Absorption . 1328
8.6.3 Trim, Split and absorption .. 1329
8.6.4 Absorption and visualization 1330
8.6.5 History and ordered sets .. 1331
8.6.6 Checking using Design In Work Object 1331
8.6.7 Insertion using Design In Work Object 1332
8.6.8 Checking using Scan or Define In Work Object 1332
8.6.9 Insertion using Scan or Define In Work Object 1333
8.6.10 The Scan panel . 1334
8.6.11 Reorder . . . . . 1335
8.6.12 Reorder Children 1336
8.6.13 Summary ... 1337
8.6.14 Program errors . 1337
8.6.15 TIPS . 1338
8.7 LESSON: Transfer between Sets 1339
8.7.1 Introduction . 1339
8.7.2 Requirements . 1340
8.7.3 Standard set-to-standard set transfers 1341
8.7.4 Standard set-to-ordered set transfers 1342
8.7.5 Ordered set-to-standard set transfers 1342
8.7.6 Ordered set-to-ordered set transfers 1343
8.7.7 Order . 1343
8.7.8 Linking of ordered sets 1344
8.7.9 Bridge sets 1345
8.7.10 Warning . 1345
8.7.11 TIPS . 1346
8.8 LESSON: Methods. 1347
8.8.1 Introduction. 1347
8.8.2 Tree Structure 1347
8.8.3 Aspects of Tree Structure 1348
8.8.4 Logical Division . . . . 1349
8.8.5 Geometrical Division . 1350
8.8.6 Usability. 1350
8.8.7 Process . 1351
8.8.8 Groups . 1351
8.8.9 Hierarchical geometrical sets 1352
8.8.10 Tidying Up . 1352

9 Pattern 1353
9.1 LESSON: Overview of Surface Patterns 1354
9.1.1 Introduction . 1354
9.1.2 Patterns . 1354
9.1.3 Creating patterns. 1355
9.1.4 Copies....... 1355
9.1.5 Instances . . . . . 1356
9.1.6 Modifying patterns 1356
9.1.7 Deactivating patterns 1357
9.1.8 File size . 1358

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30 CONTENTS

9.1.9 Resolution . . . . 1358

9.1.10 Deleting patterns . 1359
9.1.11 Pattern types . 1360
9.1.12 TIPS . 1360
9.2 LESSON: Surface Rectangular Patterns 1361
9.2.1 Introduction . 1361
9.2.2 Rectangular Pattern . 1362
9.2.3 Procedure.. . 1363
9.2.4 Sequence: Copying in One Direction. 1364
9.2.5 Procedure for 2 Directions . 1369
9.2.6 Sequence: Copying in two Directions 1370
9.2.7 Copying Directions . 1376
9.2.8 Parameters . 1377
9.2.9 Parameter Combinations 1378
9.2.10 Keep Specifications .. 1379
9.2.11 Deactivating Instances .. 1380
9.2.12 Object Positioning . . . . 1381
9.2.13 Simplified Representation 1382
9.2.14 TIPS . 1382
9.3 LESSON: Surface Circular Patterns 1383
9.3.1 Introduction .. 1383
9.3.2 Circular Pattern . . . . . . . . 1384
9.3.3 Procedure......... .. 1385
9.3.4 Sequence: copying along an arc 1386
9.3.5 Sequence: copying along different circles 1390
9.3.6 Axis of rotation . 1395
9.3.7 Parameters . 1395
9.3.8 Axial Reference . 1396
9.3.9 Instance(s) & unequal angular spacing 1397
9.3.10 Crown Definition . . . . 1398
9.3.11 Keep specifications ., 1399
9.3.12 Deactivating instances. 1399
9.3.13 Object positioning .. , 1400
9.3.14 Radial alignment of Instance(s) 1401
9.3.15 Simplified representation 1402
9.3.16 TIPS . 1402

10 Hybrid Modeling 1403

10.1 LESSON: Overview Hybrid Modeling . 1404
10.1.1 Introduction . 1404
10.1.2 Applications . . . . 1404
10.1.3 Applications . . . . 1405
10.1.4 Example: Cutting. 1406
10.1.5 Example: Thickness 1407
10.1.6 Example: Import .. 1408
10.1.7 Example: Modifications 1409
10.1.8 Advantages and Disadvantages 1410
10.2 LESSON: Auxiliary Functions .. 1411
10.2.1 Introduction . . . . . 1411
10.2.2 Surface Additions 1412
10.2.3 Trimming Surfaces 1413
10.2.4 Joining Surfaces . 1414
10.2.5 Cutting Surfaces . 1415
10.2.6 Extending Surfaces 1415
10.2.7 Extracting Surfaces 1416
10.2.8 Repairing Surfaces. 1416
10.2.9 Moving ... .. 1417
10.3 LESSON: Split Surface 1418
10.3.1 Introduction. 1418
10.3.2 Split . . . . 1418
10.3.3 Procedure. . 1419

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CONTENTS 31

10.3.4 Example: Split 1419

10.3.5 The Split Function 1423
10.3.6 Surfaces . . . . . 1424
10.3.7 Surface Conditions. 1424
10.3.8 Surface Extension, A . 1425
10.3.9 Surface Extension, B . 1426
10.3.1 GArrow Directions .. 1426
10.3.11Changing Surfaces. 1427
10.3.12TIPS . 1427
10.4 LESSON: Thick Surface 1428
10.4.1 Introduction . 1428
10.4.2 Thick Surface .. 1428
10.4.3 Procedure . . . . 1429
10.4.4 Example: Thick Surface 1430
10.4.5 Thick Surface Function . 1434
10.4.6 Surfaces . 1435
10.4.7 Problems . 1436
10.4.8 Extract Offset Surfaces 1436
10.4.9 Arrow Directions .. 1437
10.4.1OChanging Surfaces. 1438
10.4.11TIPS . 1438
10.5 LESSON: Close Surface. 1440
10.5.1 Introduction .. 1440
10.5.2 Close Surface 1440
10.5.3 Procedure ... 1441
10.5.4 Example: Close Surface 1442
10.5.5 The Close Surface Function 1447
10.5.6 Surface Conditions ... 1447
10.5.7 Surface Modification, A 1448
10.5.8 Surface Modification, B 1449
10.5.9 Surface Modification, C 1450
10.5.1 OSurface Modification, D 1451
10.5.11Changing Surfaces. 1451
10.5.12Remove solid forms 1452
10.5.13TIPS . 1452
10.6 LESSON: Sew Surface 1453
10.6.1 Introduction . 1453
10.6.2 Sew Surface .. 1453
10.6.3 Procedure . . . . 1454
10.6.4 Example: Sew Surface 1455
10.6.5 Sew Surface Function . 1459
10.6.6 Surface Boundaries .. 1460
10.6.7 Openings . 1461
10.6.8 Surface Modifications 1462
10.6.9 Essential Trimming. 1462
10.6.10Arrow Directions .. 1463
10.6.11Changing Surfaces. 1464
10.6.12TIPS . 1464
10.7 LESSON: Methods . 1465
10.7.1 Introduction . 1465
10.7.2 Stable Solutions 1465
10.7.3 Surface Quality. 1466
10.7.4 Fillets, A . 1467
10.7.5 Fillets, B . 1468
10.7.6 Simplified Surfaces. 1468
10.7.7 Surface Versions . 1469
10.7.8 Renaming . . . . . 1469
10.7.9 Copying surfaces. 1470

© 2001-2005 UNICO GmbH

32 CONTENTS

11 Miscellaneous 1471
11.1 LESSON: Configuring Standard Views . 1472
11.1.1 Introduction . 1472
11 .1.2 Modifying standard views 1473
11 .1.3 Panel display . 1474
11 .1.4 Panel overview 1475
11.1.5 Procedure .. 1476
11.1.6 Apply to axis . 1477

12 Examples Vehicle 1479

12.1 LESSON: Closing Plate, Requirements 1480
12.1.1 Closing Plate Firewall 1480
12.1.2 Scenario 1480
12.1.3 Contour . 1481
12.1.4 Sidefaces 1481
12.1.5 Height . . 1482
12.1.6 Flange .. 1483
12.1.7 Openings Electronics 1484
12.1.8 Steering Wheel Column 1484
12.1.9 Workplan . 1485
12.2 LESSON: Reinforcement Wheelhouse, Requirements 1486
12.2.1 Wheelhouse Reinforcement. 1486
12.2.2 Scenario . 1487
12.2.3 Wheelhouse Reference 1488
12.2.4 Clearence . 1489
12.2.5 Stamping Direction. 1489
12.2.6 Contour ... 1490
12.2.7 Draft Angles . 1491
12.2.8 Flange . 1492
12.2.9 Embossment Depths. 1493
12.2.1 OEmbossment Contours 1493
12.2.11Holes .. 1494
12.2.12\tVorkplan . 1494

© 2001-2005 UNICO GmbH