Conservation and Restoration

Conservation
Definition of conservation
A careful preservation and protection of something

Architectural Conservation
- the process through which the material, historical, and design integrity of any built
heritage are prolonged through carefully planned interventions.
- Conservator-restorer – a professional responsible for the preservation.
- Conservation of heritage buildings is very important because it provides a sense of
identity and continuity in a fast changing world for future generations. Heritage buildings
basically represent the past history and culture of a nation.
- Conservation architecture can simply be about restoring old and historic buildings to
preserve the building using appropriate materials and methods. This is often done
because the building has an interesting past, is loved by the people living near it or is of
historical interest.

7 Benefits of Preserving a Historic Property

- Preserving the heritage of your property adds significant value to it and the surrounding buildings.

- Heritage preservation is a draw to tourism and helps businesses attract customers. Retaining the
historic integrity of an area attracts people just for the ambience alone and that attracts business.

- Restoration keeps money within the local community, as materials are sourced locally and require
more labor-intensive work by local trades.

- Restoration reduces construction and demolition waste.

- Restoration uses less than half the energy of new construction.

- Heritage preservation is an investment in our community that rewards us today and leaves an
invaluable resource for future generations.

- Conservation will use only a small amount of the Earth’s resources compared to demolishing a
building and constructing a new one.
-

Restoration
Definition of restoration
 
An act of restoring or the condition of being restored.
-is the process in which you return the building to its original condition.

Architectural Restoration and Design

It is an Architecture design theory which deals with the process of reviving the material,
historical design integrity of the heritage structure.

Restoration of the structure will help in prolonging the life of the structure and also make it
functionally usable for the future. This can only be done through planned interventions.

A number of criteria are set out which normally make restoration acceptable.
These include:

 Weighing up the effect of change restoration work would bring to the heritage
values of the building
 Compelling evidence for the restoration work
 The form of the building as it currently exists is not the result of a historically
significant event
 The proposed work respects previous forms of the place
 The maintenance implications of the proposed restoration are considered to be
sustainable

s For example, restoring the roof on a roofless building may be the most cost-effective way of conserving

valuable internal fabric, such as wall paintings or plasterwork. It may also help to make the building

physically and economically sustainable in the long term.

One of our most interesting restoration projects involved Grade II* listed Darsham House.

Darsham House had suffered many years of neglect and some unauthorized alterations had been carried

out resulting in nine enforcement notices by the local authority. Restoration took two and a half years and

involved unpicking modern intrusive repairs and modifying some of the more incongruous alterations.

What is the first thing to be done when working on “restoration of a structure”?

Assessment of the building is to be done in terms of its historical significance as well the
structural technology used in those days.

Why is “Building Assessment” important?

Every heritage building has its own historical importance, its own character. Studying the
character of the building makes the designer get involved into designing. It helps strengthening
the imagination of the designer to achieve the results.

The knowledge of the life of the building is essential with architectural point of view. If the life of
the building is studied carefully, you would get a complete idea of its features and problems of
the building.

Renovation: making improvements and/or repairs to a building, externally and/or internally.

Example: addition of an extension to a property, replastering and redecorating.

Restoration: making repairs to a building while retaining materials from the most significant time in a
property’s history.

Example: unpicking a building and removing elements which detract from its original character.

Preservation: keeping a building feature from destruction.

Example: retaining the maximum amount of building fabric with minimal repairs or changes to the original
building fabric.

Conservation: seeking to maintain and increase the value of buildings by keeping their original built form
and architectural elements.

Example: Ensuring the absolute maximum amount of the original material, in as unaltered a condition as
possible, is preserved.
An architectural movement, is about a period of time in architecture history, where architects came
up with new thoughts and a new philosophy about architecture that totally differ and change the way
of thinking architecture at that specific period time.

https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Architectural_styles

https://www.archdaily.com/900027/the-characteristics-of-12-architectural-styles-from-antiquity-to-
the-present-day

what is known as Bauhaus

Brutalism

CIAM

constructivism

contextualism

deconstructivism

Experism

Expressionism

https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Expressionist_architecture

https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-difference-between-Expressionism-and-Deconstructivism-in-
architecture

formalism

humanism

http://the-mind-of-architecture.blogspot.com/2017/06/what-is-humanism.html

https://www.theartstory.org/definition/renaissance-humanism/

impressionism

metabolism

mentalism

national romanticism

https://www.hisour.com/national-romantic-style-28497/

https://www.encyclopedia.com/education/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-
releases/national-romanticism

neoclassicism

organism

post metabolism

post modernism

radicalism

rationalism

https://www.slideshare.net/MayurWaghulde3/rationalism-architecture

https://study.com/academy/lesson/rationalist-architecture.html
structuralism

https://richardcoyne.com/structuralism-in-architecture/

https://www.quora.com/What-is-structuralism-in-Architecture

suprematism

https://www.euston96.com/en/suprematism/#Architecture

utilitarianism

nationalism

https://www.slideshare.net/cwodtke/social-spaces-lessons-from-radical-architects/9-Stone_Age_City

do the research of the following items and make examples on how this items to be executed, and provide
examples each terms:

1. What is heritage
2. https://www.gdrc.org/heritage/heritage-listing.html

2. Stakeholders
https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/knowledge/finance/stakeholder/

3. Maintenance
https://automationforum.co/what-is-maintenance-types-of-maintenance/

4. intrusive elements
5. Interpretation
https://www.languagescientific.com/6-major-types-of-interpreting/

6. authenticity
7. vista
8. meanings
9. settings
10. landmarks
11. Identity
12. Adaptation
13. Preservation
https://www.wolfehousebuildingmovers.com/historic-building-preservation-guide/
https://www.completecommunitiesde.org/planning/inclusive-and-active/hp-exampl/

14. Conservation
https://heritagesciencejournal.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40494-020-00416-w
https://www.slideshare.net/sslele456/architectural-conservation

15. restoration.
3. https://heritagesciencejournal.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40494-020-00416-w

Conservation of the physical aspects related to the “profession and knowledge

of the restoration” is a set of measures that rely on improving the tangible
conditions, whether through a direct intervention leading to the manipulation
of the physics and materials or through an indirect intervention leading to
manipulation of the surroundings or changing the influential factors of the
historic building [8]. According to the New Zealand Charter, there are various
degrees of intervention including (i) preservation, through stabilization,
maintenance, or repair; (ii) restoration, through reassembly, reinstatement, or
removal; (iii) reconstruction; and (iv) adaptation. Also, any intervention
reducing or compromising the value of the architectural heritage is
undesirable and should not occur [9].
https://www5.flixtor.one/movie/wonder-woman-1984-72rqj/m295p68

There are complex direct and indirect influences on the development of architecture by the
Bauhaus but I’m going to focus on just one here. The important thing to remember is that
the Bauhaus was a design school and not an architecture school per se. In fact, the Bauhaus
was established as the combination of Academy of Art and the School of Arts and Crafts
and led by Walter Gropius. The approach taken was to teach ‘by doing’, i.e., workshop based
teaching which was in contrast to a fine arts approach that other figures had wanted. In its
early period the Bauhaus pursued the idea of gesamtkunstwerk or ‘total work of art’; that is,
the idea that an entire environment be designed as a whole and according to similar
principles. A house, a room, furniture and cutlery would all follow the same logic and
ultimately, the same aesthetic. This is a line of thinking that some (but not all) modern
architects followed. Related to this was the idea that the same design principles could be
applied to any designed object. There is a well-known quote (I can’t find at the moment)
that the design of a cigarette lighter is essentially the same for a skyscraper. What this does
is place emphasis on form, particular external form. It says nothing about how something
works or functions. Again, some modern architects were fine with this idea but not all
believed this dictum. It’s always important to remember that modern architecture (i.e.
architecture between 1914–c.1950) was not as homogeneous as old history books made it
out. Nevertheless, some of the people who taught at the Bauhaus, and by extension, its
ideas, were quite influential, e.g. Moholy-Nagy, van Doesburg, Johannes Itten, Gropius and
others. Towards the end of the Bauhaus’ existence it took on some of the functionalist
ideology that modernism became associated (but which again was not universally adopted).

Oddly, though most contemporary architects may know little of the Bauhaus one could say
that it’s ideas are being put into practice now more than ever. Itten’s individualist approach
to design can be seen in the proliferation of starchitect signature styles and the emphasis
on external form is everywhere (e.g. Hadid will design a building, stadium and pair of shoes
according to the same design/visual principles, while ignoring their functioning).
 - Tangible – it is turn comprises of Movable and Immovable

- Movable Heritage, which can be move from one place to another; i.e. ojects

- Immovable Heritage, which cannot be removed from it’s origin; i.e. buildings.

- Itangble Heritage – it includes traditions or living expressions inheritef from our ancestor and
passed on to our descendants

https://www.slideshare.net/kamalksh/understanding-heritage#:~:text=Kangleipak%20Cultural
%20Heritage%20Conservation&text=3.&text='Heritage'%20means%20something%20that
%20has,pass%20on%20to%20future%20generations.