HIMACHAL PRADESH HIMACHAL

Alternate courses of
PRADESH
dry masonry and
wood without
cement mortar. Temples and Royal Residential Storage
Timber panelled
walls instead of Monasteries Palaces Building Granaries
stone and brick for
sound insulation .

Wooden window
frames
Kath-Khuni Wooden wall units.
The upper floors are
in wood

The upper floors are

in wood
Wooden balconies
Wooden roofs

https://www.slideshare.net/MeghaSanadya/vernacular-architecture-of-himachal-pradesh-kath-kuni-architecture
EUROPE AND ASIA: KAZAKHSTAN
Pinimg.com

Yurts, the load-bearing structure consists of

SAUDI ARABIA wooden poles forming a frame enclosed by
The Hejaz Type: felt tension cloth. These dwellings consist of
a circular plan and are extremely
The buildings have wooden mashrabiya, lightweight
also called roshandaan a screen bay
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window which allows for natural

Researchgate.net
ventilation and daylight without affecting
the citizens privacy in the hot and dry
desert . Palm tree leaf mats are also used
in roofs.

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ITALY
The use of wood -excellent as an insulating pinimg.com
GHANA
material is widespread. Inspired from Latin Timber products used for construction in
and German. The timber structure has walls Ghana are classified either as structural or
non-structural. In Ghana, structural timbers
and roof are used in the construction of
load-bearing walls, frames, etc.
PORTUGAL JAPAN
The Pombalino represent an early form of braced frame timber construction, where the Jonson Period: 2-3 feet deep wooden foundation.
wooden frame is infilled with brick masonry or adobe blocks Trees were used for support. Roofs had wood skin
covering.

The mansions in the Heiabn period had Japanese

cypress tree beams resting on wooden pillars and
beams. The interior had wooden floors

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Wikipedia.o om
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RUSSIA

Izbas were made of pine or spruce wood,

and not birch, a tree that is abundant in
Russia. These appear in Russian folklore Factsanddetails.com japan
and had a set layout. images)
GREECE
The light timber frame wall system: The light-weight
Researchgate.com CHINA
walls of the upper storey (catma) and are formed by Three basic elements, a huge foundation
platform, a timber frame and body, wooden
a complex timber frame. The basic, vertical
ceiling with decorated roof. Here are the five
structural elements (direk) are positioned in the structure features of Chinese wooden
corners of the spaces and between the openings, at architecture:
regular intervals. In between, horizontal elements I. timber is primary material
are placed.Also, diagonal elements of triangulation II. Dougong (brackets inserted
between the top of a column and
are placed in all the frames in order to increase the
a crossbeam).
rigidity of the structure. This leads to the creation of III. due to the limited size of timber, a
large and small frames: single building can not be as large
and spacious as the stone or brick
I. openings are placed at regular intervals relative to building.
IV. the layout complies with the
the dimensions of the interior space.
bilateral symmetry.
V. Chinese wooden architectures
II.smaller vertical elements are placed over and are refined with the unique colors
under the window. and decorations.
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INDONESIA
The ancestral house units called Rumah Adat,, the
simple structure involves a post, beam, and lintel
system.. A vernacular combination of timber and
bamboo construction is employed. .The communal
houses use wood in the ceilings as the primary
construction material. Detailed wood carvings
highlight the religious and spiritual character.
I. Nas island: Omo Niha, is houses made of
hardwood.
II. Province West Sumatra / Padang: The
tower house is :generally made of wood,
III. Province South Sumatra / Palembang:
House building pyramid using unglen or
merbau wood is waterproof. The walls are
made of wooden planks arranged
upright.. It has wooden terraces along
with wooden fence called tenggalung Juliesartoni.blogsspot.com ( all
barred.
IV. Province Bangka-Belitung Islands: images)
Panggong houses are supported by
wooden poles of the best choice. All the
building materials made of wood up to the
roof, called the shingles of buildings
V. Province West Papua / Manokwari: Honai
house built in wood