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BPK 448 Lecture 22 Emerging Clinical Applications of FES 7 Dec 2020
BPK 448 Lecture 22 Emerging Clinical Applications of FES 7 Dec 2020
448 2020‐3
Rehabilitation of Movement Control
J.A. Hoffer, Ph.D.
Emerging Clinical Applications of FES
Kin 448 2009-1 Lecture 21 1
Epidural Stimulation can
Facilitate Voluntary Movements
after a Spinal Cord Injury
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Lancet 377:1938-1947 (2011)
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Transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation: noninvasive tool for activation of locomotor circuitry
VR Edgerton, Y Gerasimenko, RR Roy, DC Lu
US Patent 10,806,927 2020
Regulation of autonomic control of bladder voiding after a complete spinal cord injury
VR Edgerton, P Gad, RR Roy, YP Gerasimenko, DC Lu, H Zhong
US Patent 10,751,533 2020
BPK 448 2020‐3 Lecture 22
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BPK 448 2020‐3 Lecture 22
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A device, a surgery, and a world of unimaginable possibilities for people with Spinal
Cord Injuries. That’s Epidural Stimulation, the most advanced treatment for
empowering patients who have lost voluntary control of their limbs and must endure
many other demoralizing spine‐injury symptoms. It is a new beginning, approved by
the FDA for trials, but available commercially only from Unique Access Medical.
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BPK 448 2020‐3 Lecture 22 https://epiduralstimulationnow.com 8
A Wide Spectrum of Improvements
Abilities Increase and Symptoms Decrease After Treatment
After surgery comes 35 days of extensive rehabilitation with our spine specialists,
and that’s when your quality of life will really start to improve. Standing and
stepping, enhanced motor skills, more muscle mass and stamina, less fatigue and
pain, and better control over bladder and bowel — it’s not only possible, it’s
happening on a daily basis at our modern facilities in Thailand and India.
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Mitigation of Cerebral Vasospasms
caused by Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Remember Lecture 6 on
Stroke, Slides 25‐28?
BPK 448 2020‐3 Lecture 22
BPK 448 2019‐1 Lecture 22
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• Vasospasm is a devastating complication of SaH.
• Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) is associated with
vasospasm.
Over a 2‐week period after aneurysm rupture, gradual arterial narrowing occurs
in 70% of cases.
About 30% will develop persistent neurological deficits caused by DCI.
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BPK
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Stellate Ganglion Block treatment after a SaH
•In 1936, Leriche and Fontaine noted that stellate ganglion block caused a “striking
regression of symptoms in two cases of postoperative hemiplegia.”
•In 1953, Ruben and Mayer concluded from a case series of 37 patients that stellate
ganglion block did indeed improve stroke patient’s condition. But the conclusions of
investigators in the mid‐20th century were mixed. The required skill level and risks of
stellate ganglion block were not worth pursuing for most patients.
•At the end of the 20th century, with the adoption of fluoroscopy, stellate ganglion
block became more widely performed for several indications.
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More recently:
Trans‐Esophageal Stellate Ganglion Block Method
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Trans‐Esophageal Stellate Ganglion Block Method
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448 Course REVIEW: Student Learning Objectives
1. Describe differences and similarities in the regenerative capacity of
peripheral neurons vs. central neurons after injury.
2. Describe reasons for differences in acute and chronic consequences of
brain injuries.
3. Discuss current classification standards for impairment vs. disability after
injury or disease.
4. Design basic therapeutic plans for restoring or replacing lost
neuromuscular function using physiotherapy, pharmacotherapy,
reconstructive surgery and/or targeted electrical stimulation.
5. Apply accepted guidelines for safe and effective electrical stimulation of
excitable tissues.
6. For a given impairment, evaluate the relative benefits and drawbacks of
neurostimulation systems that use totally external vs. partially implanted
vs. fully implanted components.
7. Describe current uses of neuromodulation for treatment of chronic pain,
epilepsy and movement disorders.
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8. Evaluate possibilities for using neuromodulation to treat additional
neurological disorders.
9. Describe uses of functional electrical stimulation to protect muscles
from disuse atrophy or to restore muscle strength in disused muscles.
10. Describe neuroprosthetic systems that enhance voluntary control of
artificial limbs by amputees.
11. Explain the roles and uses of sensors and sensory feedback for
prosthesis control.
12. Describe regulatory requirements to develop, test and commercialize a
therapeutic innovation.
13. Analyze the basic determinants of commercial viability and market
success for a new therapy.
14. Apply knowledge learned in class to diagnose and “treat” new patient
scenarios in exams.
15. Apply knowledge learned in class to evaluate new therapeutic solutions
first described in exams.
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BPK 448 Final Exam
Sunday, December 13
7 – 10 pm
IMPORTANT
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BPK 448 2019‐1 Lecture 22
stay in stay safe stay well 21